473:
Certification
Corporation). To be qualified in Public Health Entomology (PHE), one must succeed in passing an exam, that refers to the types of arthropods that have the capability, of being able to spread diseases and lead to medical complications (ESA Certification Corporation). Along with this, these individuals also have to "agree to ascribe to a code of ethical behavior" (ESA Certification Corporation). Individuals who are planning to become Certified IPM Technicians (CITs), need to obtain at around 1-4 years of experience in pest management and successfully pass an exam, that is based on the information, that they are acquainted with (ESA Certification Corporation). Like in Public Health Entomology (PHE), those who want to become Certified IPM Technicians (CITs), also have to "agree to ascribe to a code of ethical behavior" (ESA Certification Corporation). Additionally, these individuals have to be approved on being able to use pesticides (ESA Certification Corporation). In respects to those, who plan on becoming Board Certified Entomologists (BCEs), these individuals have to pass two exams and "agree to ascribe to a code of ethical behavior" (ESA Certification Corporation). As with this, they also have to fulfill a certain amount of educational requirements, every 12 months (ESA Certification Corporation).
245:
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349:, predominantly in Europe. This collecting fashion led to the formation of natural history societies, exhibitions of private collections, and journals for recording communications and the documentation of new species. Many of the collectors tended to be from the aristocracy, and there developed a trade involving collectors around the world and traders. This has been called the "era of heroic entomology."
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program for the pest control industry called the
Associate Certified Entomologist (ACE). To qualify as a "true entomologist" an individual would normally require an advanced degree, with most entomologists pursuing a PhD. While not true entomologists in the traditional sense, individuals who attain
1808:
Bried, Jason; Ries, Leslie; Smith, Brenda; Patten, Michael; Abbott, John; Ball-Damerow, Joan; Cannings, Robert; Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo; Córdoba-Aguilar, Alex; De Marco, Paulo; Dijkstra, Klaas-Douwe; Dolný, Aleš; van
Grunsven, Roy; Halstead, David; Harabiš, Filip; Hassall, Christopher; Jeanmougin,
472:
As such, there are also other credential programs managed by the
Entomological Society of America, that have varying credential requirements. These other programs, are known as Public Health Entomology (PHE), Certified IPM Technicians (CITs), and Board Certified Entomologists (BCEs) (ESA
1809:
Martin; Jones, Colin; Juen, Leandro; Kalkman, Vincent; Kietzka, Gabriella; Mazzacano, Celeste
Searles; Orr, Albert; Perron, Mary Ann; Rocha-Ortega, Maya; Sahlén, Göran; Samways, Michael; Siepielski, Adam; Simaika, John; Suhling, Frank; Underhill, Les; White, Erin (16 October 2020).
447:
contains a very large number of species (over 330,000 species of beetles alone) and the characteristics distinguishing them are unfamiliar, and often subtle (or invisible without a microscope), this is often very difficult even for a specialist. This has led to the development of
369:
date back to the 1740s. In the late 19th century, the growth of agriculture, and colonial trade spawned the "era of economic entomology" which created the professional entomologist associated with the rise of the university and training in the field of biology.
2194:"Not quite so ambitious as that, sir. I should like to put my eyes on the individual entitled to that name. No man can be truly called an entomologist, sir; the subject is too vast for any single human intelligence to grasp."
489:
Many entomologists specialize in a single order or even a family of insects, and a number of these subspecialties are given their own informal names, typically (but not always) derived from the scientific name of the group:
148:-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology. Entomology, therefore, overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as
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Like other scientific specialties, entomologists have a number of local, national, and international organizations. There are also many organizations specializing in specific subareas.
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Triplehorn, Charles A. and Norman F. Johnson (2005-05-19). Borror and DeLong's
Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th edition, Thomas Brooks/Cole.
2074:
800:
61:
1613:. Volume 4, Part 35 of Handbuch der Zoologie:Eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches. Arthropoda: Insecta. Walter de Gruyter. p. 1.
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Elias, Scott A. (2014). "A Brief
History of the Changing Occupations and Demographics of Coleopterists from the 18th Through the 20th Century".
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conduct bioluminescent reactions in their light-emitting organs, which have been the subject of much research, especially in recent years.
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Entomology developed rapidly in the 19th and 20th centuries and was studied by large numbers of people, including such notable figures as
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2167:"J. B. Wallis / R. E. Roughley Museum of Entomology | Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences | University of Manitoba"
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million years ago. They have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on Earth. For example, species such as
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There has also been a history of people becoming entomologists through museum curation and research assistance, such as
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Early entomological works associated with the naming and classification of species followed the practice of maintaining
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Here is a list of selected very large insect collections, housed in museums, universities, or research institutes.
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have been described, more than two-thirds of all known species. Some insect species date back to around 400
57:
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National Pusa
Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Prudic, KL; McFarland, KP; Oliver, JC; Hutchinson, RA; Long, EC; Kerr, JT; Larrivée, M (18 May 2017).
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in London in 1833, one of the earliest such societies in the world; earlier antecedents, such as the
329:
306:). However scientific study in the modern sense began only relatively recently, in the 16th century.
189:
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2307:
Making
Entomologists: How Periodicals Shaped Scientific Communities in Nineteenth-Century Britain
2089:"E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum – Department of Biological Sciences, Studies in Life Sciences"
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4358:
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2229:
Chiang, H.C. and G. C. Jahn 1996. Entomology in the
Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project. (in Chinese)
1385:
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287:
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Big Fleas Have Little Fleas: How Discoveries of Invertebrate Diseases Are Advancing Modern Science
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was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of
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435:(beetles). However, identifying to genus or species is usually only possible through the use of
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1609:
Kristensen, Niels P. (1999). "Historical Introduction". In Kristensen, Niels P. (ed.).
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574:
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469:
the ACE certification may be referred to as ACEs or Associate Certified Entomologists.
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is widely considered as the father of entomology in England. In collaboration with
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2020:
1759:"eButterfly: Leveraging Massive Online Citizen Science for Butterfly Consevation"
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728:
Insect Museum, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies: Evolution, Systematics and Biogeography
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361:, regarded as the subject's foundational text. He also helped found the
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286:(23–79 CE) wrote a book on the kinds of insects, while the scientist
118:
106:
2075:"Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes"
1713:"Karl von Frisch – Nobel Lecture: Decoding the Language of the Bee"
762:
Natural History Museum (Bulawayo) Zimbabwe - 5 million specimens -
4237:
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1219:
Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes,
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1974:
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316:(Concerning Insect Animals) was published in 1602. Microscopist
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3102:
2397:
2324:
2116:
137:. This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.
2992:
1887:
1864:
569:
560:
507:
412:. Insect identification is an increasingly common hobby, with
324:, correctly describing the reproductive organs of insects and
3311:
464:
In 1994, the Entomological Society of America launched a new
140:
Like several of the other fields that are categorized within
2255:. Second Edition, Plenum Press, New York, NY / London 1995,
40:
2145:
1988:
1865:"Roster | Certification - Entomological Society of America"
1840:
485:
Example of a collection barcode on a pinned beetle specimen
3685:
2102:
1811:"Towards Global Volunteer Monitoring of Odonate Abundance"
1921:
2002:
357:, he published a definitive entomological encyclopedia,
1935:
1909:
914:
Zoological Collection of the Russian Academy of Science
2935:(net-winged insects: lacewings, mantidflies, antlions)
3535:
Indian Society for the Advancement of Insect Science
1734:. National Museum of Natural History. Archived from
1497:
Numbers of living species in Australia and the World
1321:
J. B. Wallis / R. E. Roughley Museum of Entomology,
764:
https://naturalhistorymuseumzimbabwe.com/entomology/
295:
4341:
4278:
4253:
4161:
4152:
4079:
4029:
4016:
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3736:
3623:
International Union for the Study of Social Insects
3610:
3589:
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3517:
3486:
3465:
3005:
2963:
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2907:
2876:
2867:
2818:
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2704:
2671:
2604:
2577:
2548:
2527:
2518:
2489:
2446:
2412:
667:
International Union for the Study of Social Insects
3540:Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology
1728:"A Scientist and a Tinkerer – A Story in a Frame"
795:Lincoln University Entomology Research Collection
2240:University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 208 pages,
740:Garden Avenue, Shakarparian, Islamabad, Pakistan
2182:
2034:NMSU Entomology Plant Pathology; Weed science.
1189:University of Missouri Enns Entomology Museum,
44:
3576:Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut
2036:"New Mexico State University Arthropod Museum"
692:Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut
3701:
3327:
2336:
2003:"Auburn University Museum of Natural History"
1120:North Carolina State University Insect Museum
990:Auburn University Museum of Natural History,
8:
1732:National Museum of Natural History Unearthed
1115:New Mexico State University Arthropod Museum
1103:Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
301:
254:species were described simultaneously using
1172:University of Kansas Natural History Museum
977:Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
932:Oxford University Museum of Natural History
333:
311:
4158:
4026:
3708:
3694:
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2601:
2597:
2524:
2515:
2511:
2470:
2409:
2405:
2394:
2343:
2329:
2321:
1598:. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 21 March 2024.
452:systems targeted on insects, for example,
68:Diversity of insects from different orders
1784:
1774:
1691:. Yale University Press. pp. 26–27.
829:Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona,
262:Entomology is rooted in nearly all human
238:Transactions of the Entomological Society
3478:Entomological Society of Southern Africa
3064:Four most speciose orders are marked in
2654:(crickets, wetas, grasshoppers, locusts)
2302:. — a classic textbook in North America.
2117:"University of Guelph Insect Collection"
1305:University of Guelph Insect Collection,
423:Most insects can easily be allocated to
1448:
912:Natural History Museum, St. Petersburg
801:Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
744:Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Indonesia
1229:E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum,
823:Bavarian State Collection of Zoology,
335:Metamorphosis Insectorum Surinamensium
3571:Royal Entomological Society of London
2184:"I suppose you are an entomologist?"
1502:Australian Biological Resources Study
1469:(Abridged ed.). United Kingdom:
682:Royal Entomological Society of London
622:"The butterfly catcher", painting by
391:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
7:
3656:
2927:(alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies)
1910:Entomological Society of New Zealand
1275:Reidville, Newfoundland and Labrador
840:Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
704:Entomological Society of New Zealand
294:(760–845 CE) wrote a book on flies,
34:, the study of the history of words.
3668:
3618:International Entomological Society
3602:Entomological Society of Queensland
3566:Royal Belgian Entomological Society
1181:University of Nebraska State Museum
1043:University of California, Riverside
1033:Cleveland Museum of Natural History
677:Royal Belgian Entomological Society
302:
270:times, primarily in the context of
3473:The Egyptian Entomological Society
1936:"Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum"
1726:Starrs, Siobhan (10 August 2010).
1431:Timeline of entomology – 1850–1900
1426:Timeline of entomology – 1800–1850
1109:National Museum of Natural History
1024:Carnegie Museum of Natural History
982:American Museum of Natural History
825:Zoologische Staatssammlung München
738:Pakistan Museum of Natural History
410:National Museum of Natural History
25:
3561:Netherlands Entomological Society
1636:Journal of the History of Biology
1436:Timeline of entomology since 1900
1129:Peabody Museum of Natural History
1063:Florida Museum of Natural History
951:Swedish Museum of Natural History
878:Natural History Museum, Budapest
672:Netherlands Entomological Society
282:). The natural Roman philosopher
4372:
4371:
4091:Mammalian anatomy and morphology
3667:
3655:
3644:
3643:
3597:Australian Entomological Society
3494:Entomological Society of America
3286:
2437:
1899:Australian Entomological Society
1349:
1335:
1138:San Diego Natural History Museum
880:Hungarian Natural History Museum
811:Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua
807:New Zealand Arthropod Collection
701:Australian Entomological Society
644:Entomological Society of America
450:automated species identification
3581:Société entomologique de France
3509:Entomological Society of Brasil
3499:Entomological Society of Canada
2205:The Poet at the Breakfast Table
2189:What does a entomologist study?
1396:Forensic entomology and the law
1253:Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec
1076:Illinois Natural History Survey
1057:Field Museum of Natural History
938:Royal Museum for Central Africa
697:Société entomologique de France
649:Entomological Society of Canada
225:For a chronological guide, see
3556:Amateur Entomologists' Society
3530:Entomological Society of Japan
3525:Entomological Society of China
2309:(U of Pittsburgh Press, 2022)
2278:. Cambridge University Press.
2231:Chinese Entomol. Soc. Newsltr.
1888:Entomological Society of India
1411:List of entomological journals
1015:California Academy of Sciences
896:Natural History Museum, London
890:Natural History Museum, Leiden
885:Natural History Museum, Geneva
780:Entomology Research Collection
663:Entomological Society of India
659:Entomologischer Verein Krefeld
654:Entomological Society of Japan
639:Amateur Entomologists' Society
338:about the tropical insects of
36:
1:
2857:(sawflies, wasps, ants, bees)
2213:Capinera, JL (editor). 2008.
1094:Museum of Comparative Zoology
687:Russian Entomological Society
456:, ABIS, SPIDA and Draw-wing.
3504:Kansas Entomological Society
2805:(cicadas, aphids, true bugs)
2103:"Lyman Entomological Museum"
2061:"Enns Entomology Museum, MU"
1552:Storia delle scienze agrarie
1243:Lyman Entomological Museum,
905:Natural History Museum, Oslo
786:, New Zealand, with curator
4403:Subfields of arthropodology
1554:, 4 vols, Bologna 1984–89,
1144:The National Museum of Play
1006:Bohart Museum of Entomology
517:dragonflies and damselflies
431:(bees, wasps, and ants) or
363:Royal Entomological Society
296:
89: 'insect' and
27:Scientific study of insects
4419:
2995:(gnats, mosquitoes, flies)
2888:(twisted-winged parasites)
2560:(dragonflies, damselflies)
2215:Encyclopedia of Entomology
1317:Victoria, British Columbia
1048:Essig Museum of Entomology
1039:Entomology Research Museum
723:Zoological Survey of India
611:
466:professional certification
359:Introduction to Entomology
224:
29:
4367:
3723:
3639:
3461:
3450:
3373:
3362:
3349:
3280:
3113:
3109:
3098:
3060:
2849:
2768:
2615:
2600:
2514:
2473:
2435:
2408:
2404:
2393:
2361:
2217:, 2nd Edition. Springer.
2201:Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
1685:Clark, John F.M. (2009).
1648:10.1007/s10739-013-9365-9
1207:Canadian Museum of Nature
803:, Wellington, New Zealand
420:being the most popular.
416:and (to a lesser extent)
154:environmental archaeology
3456:Entomology Organisations
2646:(stick and leaf insects)
2276:Evolution of the Insects
1500:(2 ed.). Canberra:
1271:Newfoundland Insectarium
1150:Texas A&M University
1098:Cambridge, Massachusetts
1085:J. Gordon Edwards Museum
919:Naturhistorisches Museum
30:Not to be confused with
3804:Biological anthropology
3073:are paraphyletic groups
2716:(cockroaches, termites)
2480:(silverfish, firebrats)
1688:Bugs and the Victorians
1494:Chapman, A. D. (2009).
1471:Oxford University Press
1466:A Greek-English Lexicon
1401:Insect thermoregulation
1159:University of Minnesota
1140:, San Diego, California
1124:Raleigh, North Carolina
866:Kelvingrove Art Gallery
813:, Auckland, New Zealand
113:. In the past the term
3368:Branches of Entomology
2424:(jumping bristletails)
2196:
2142:"The Victoria Bug Zoo"
1922:"KwaZulu-Natal Museum"
1827:10.1093/biosci/biaa092
1776:10.3390/insects8020053
1191:University of Missouri
1154:College Station, Texas
1133:New Haven, Connecticut
964:World Museum Liverpool
797:, Lincoln, New Zealand
790:
626:
486:
334:
313:De Animalibus Insectis
312:
259:
241:
227:Timeline of entomology
101: 'study') is the
65:
4333:Alfred Russel Wallace
4243:Water vascular system
1989:"O.U.M.N.H. Homepage"
1457:Liddell, Henry George
1391:Forensic entomologist
1231:University of Alberta
1146:, Rochester, New York
1067:University of Florida
853:Museum für Naturkunde
777:
621:
614:List of entomologists
484:
347:cabinets of curiosity
247:
235:
182:developmental biology
64:
4194:Cellular respiration
3026:(moths, butterflies)
1293:Royal Ontario Museum
1280:Royal Alberta Museum
1258:Montreal Insectarium
1089:San Jose, California
1071:Gainesville, Florida
1052:Berkeley, California
443:. Because the class
389:(winner of the 1973
330:Maria Sibylla Merian
4359:Timeline of zoology
4288:Karl Ernst von Baer
4189:Respiratory pigment
4064:Mineralized tissues
2236:Davidson, E. 2006.
1841:"ACE Certification"
1386:Forensic entomology
1376:Cultural entomology
1161:, St. Paul campus (
1080:Champaign, Illinois
997:Audubon Insectarium
709:Research collection
437:identification keys
408:at the Smithsonian
332:published the book
4174:Respiratory system
4162:General physiology
4059:Connective tissues
3293:Insects portal
3264:Triadophlebioptera
2311:online book review
1538:Naturalis Historia
1416:Medical entomology
1323:Winnipeg, Manitoba
1315:Victoria Bug Zoo,
1195:Columbia, Missouri
1111:, Washington, D.C.
791:
784:Lincoln University
627:
487:
406:Sophie Lutterlough
322:History of Insects
276:biological control
260:
242:
150:molecular genetics
144:, entomology is a
66:
4385:
4384:
4328:Jakob von Uexküll
4274:
4273:
4261:Insect physiology
4154:Animal physiology
4148:
4147:
4140:Insect morphology
4071:Molecular anatomy
4044:Epithelial tissue
4022:Animal morphology
3683:
3682:
3635:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3446:
3445:
3309:
3308:
3276:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3214:Palaeodictyoptera
3199:
3131:
3094:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3027:
3018:
2996:
2986:
2978:
2956:
2944:
2943:
2936:
2928:
2920:
2898:
2889:
2858:
2814:
2813:
2806:
2798:
2790:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2725:
2717:
2696:
2693:Mantophasmatodea
2688:
2677:
2663:
2655:
2647:
2639:
2631:
2623:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2561:
2540:
2529:Ephemeropteroidea
2481:
2433:
2432:
2425:
2272:Engel, Michael S.
2251:Gillot, Cedric.
2233:(Taiwan) 3: 9–11.
1845:ACE Certification
1620:978-3-11-015704-8
1550:Antonio Saltini,
1511:978-0-642-56850-2
1504:. pp. 60pp.
1406:Insects on stamps
1249:McGill University
1185:Lincoln, Nebraska
1010:Davis, California
892:, the Netherlands
308:Ulisse Aldrovandi
73:
72:
16:(Redirected from
4410:
4375:
4374:
4303:Jean-Henri Fabre
4159:
4027:
3710:
3703:
3696:
3687:
3671:
3670:
3659:
3658:
3647:
3646:
3463:
3452:
3364:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3313:
3291:
3290:
3224:Permoplectoptera
3197:
3156:Diaphanopterodea
3129:
3111:
3100:
3025:
3016:
3007:Amphiesmenoptera
2994:
2988:
2984:
2976:
2966:
2961:
2955:
2952:
2934:
2926:
2918:
2896:
2887:
2874:
2870:
2856:
2847:
2804:
2796:
2789:(barklice, lice)
2788:
2780:
2770:
2766:
2723:
2715:
2694:
2686:
2685:Grylloblattodea
2675:
2661:
2653:
2645:
2637:
2629:
2621:
2613:
2609:
2602:
2598:
2559:
2538:
2525:
2516:
2512:
2479:
2471:
2441:
2423:
2410:
2406:
2395:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2322:
2289:
2208:
2171:
2170:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2144:. Archived from
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2077:. 16 April 2010.
2071:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2038:. Archived from
2031:
2025:
2024:
2019:. Archived from
2013:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1956:on July 26, 2003
1952:. Archived from
1946:
1940:
1939:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1912:
1907:
1901:
1896:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1788:
1778:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1738:on 19 March 2017
1723:
1717:
1716:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1592:
1586:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1514:. Archived from
1491:
1485:
1484:
1453:
1359:
1354:
1353:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1245:Macdonald Campus
1176:Lawrence, Kansas
757:Pietermaritzburg
383:Vladimir Nabokov
379:Jean-Henri Fabre
367:Aurelian society
337:
315:
305:
304:
299:
210:
202:
125:groups, such as
43:
37:
21:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4388:
4387:
4386:
4381:
4363:
4337:
4270:
4266:Fish physiology
4249:
4201:Vascular system
4144:
4082:
4075:
4049:Muscular tissue
4020:
4012:
3998:Platyhelminthes
3973:Xenacoelomorpha
3938:
3777:Lepidopterology
3732:
3719:
3714:
3684:
3679:
3627:
3606:
3585:
3544:
3513:
3482:
3457:
3442:
3433:Trichopterology
3403:Lepidopterology
3393:Heteropterology
3388:Ethnoentomology
3369:
3358:
3345:
3340:
3310:
3305:
3285:
3268:
3234:Protelytroptera
3166:Eudiaphanoptera
3151:Coxoplectoptera
3146:Carbotriplurida
3141:Campylopteridae
3118:Aethiocarenodea
3105:
3086:
3032:
3001:
2977:(scorpionflies)
2964:
2953:
2951:
2940:
2903:
2868:
2863:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2810:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2729:
2700:
2674:
2667:
2662:(angel insects)
2605:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2565:
2544:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2485:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2442:
2429:
2400:
2389:
2357:
2349:
2319:
2305:Wale, Matthew.
2286:
2268:Grimaldi, David
2266:
2210:
2198:
2180:
2178:Further reading
2175:
2174:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2151:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2125:
2123:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2045:
2043:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1959:
1957:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1908:
1904:
1897:
1893:
1886:
1882:
1873:
1871:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1849:
1847:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1821:(10): 914–923.
1807:
1806:
1802:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1725:
1724:
1720:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1699:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1549:
1545:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1521:
1519:
1512:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1481:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1381:Ethnoentomology
1355:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1331:
1203:
992:Auburn, Alabama
973:
966:, the Bug House
820:
772:
752:
719:
711:
632:
616:
610:
589:Trichopterology
540:Lepidopterology
479:
462:
460:In pest control
387:Karl von Frisch
284:Pliny the Elder
230:
223:
208:
203:million insect
200:
69:
63:
41:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4416:
4414:
4406:
4405:
4400:
4390:
4389:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4379:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4345:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4298:Charles Darwin
4295:
4293:Georges Cuvier
4290:
4284:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4263:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4247:
4246:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4213:
4208:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4165:
4163:
4156:
4150:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4135:Spider anatomy
4132:
4131:
4130:
4120:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4087:
4085:
4083:and morphology
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4054:Nervous tissue
4051:
4046:
4035:
4033:
4024:
4018:Animal anatomy
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3949:
3947:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3934:Zooarchaeology
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3871:
3865:
3856:
3851:
3845:
3840:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3795:
3792:Orthopterology
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3772:Coleopterology
3765:
3760:
3749:Arthropodology
3746:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3690:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3665:
3653:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3620:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3490:
3488:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3469:
3467:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3448:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3428:Orthopterology
3425:
3420:
3418:Neuropterology
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3378:Coleopterology
3374:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3331:
3324:
3316:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3296:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3249:Protozygoptera
3246:
3244:Protorthoptera
3241:
3239:Protephemerida
3236:
3231:
3229:Protanisoptera
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3198:(griffinflies)
3196:Meganisoptera
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3176:Glosselytrodea
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3125:
3120:
3114:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3074:
3068:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3030:
3020:
3011:
3009:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2989:
2969:
2967:
2958:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2930:
2922:
2917:Raphidioptera
2913:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2891:
2882:
2880:
2871:
2869:Neuropteroidea
2865:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2850:
2844:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2800:
2792:
2783:
2781:
2763:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2719:
2710:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2690:
2687:(ice-crawlers)
2681:
2679:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2657:
2649:
2641:
2633:
2625:
2616:
2610:
2595:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2554:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2537:Ephemeroptera
2533:
2531:
2522:
2509:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2474:
2468:
2444:
2443:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2422:Archaeognatha
2418:
2416:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2325:
2318:
2317:External links
2315:
2314:
2313:
2303:
2291:
2290:
2284:
2264:
2249:
2234:
2226:
2225:
2192:
2191:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2158:
2133:
2108:
2094:
2080:
2066:
2052:
2026:
2023:on 2010-08-24.
2008:
1994:
1980:
1966:
1941:
1927:
1913:
1902:
1891:
1880:
1856:
1832:
1800:
1749:
1718:
1704:
1698:978-0300150919
1697:
1677:
1642:(2): 213–242.
1626:
1619:
1601:
1587:
1543:
1528:
1510:
1486:
1479:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1357:Insects portal
1346:
1343:Biology portal
1330:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1303:
1290:
1277:
1268:
1255:
1241:
1227:
1217:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1187:
1178:
1169:
1156:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1126:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1060:
1054:
1045:
1036:
1030:
1021:
1012:
1003:
994:
988:
979:
972:
969:
968:
967:
961:
948:
935:
929:
916:
910:
902:
900:United Kingdom
893:
887:
882:
876:
863:
850:
837:
827:
819:
816:
815:
814:
804:
798:
771:
768:
767:
766:
760:
759:, South Africa
755:Natal Museum,
751:
748:
747:
746:
741:
735:
730:
725:
718:
715:
710:
707:
706:
705:
702:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
631:
628:
612:Main article:
609:
606:
605:
604:
595:
586:
575:Orthopterology
572:
563:
550:
537:
528:
519:
510:
501:
495:Coleopterology
478:
477:Subdisciplines
475:
461:
458:
395:Pulitzer Prize
375:Charles Darwin
355:William Spence
318:Jan Swammerdam
297:Kitāb al-Dabāb
222:
219:
109:, a branch of
71:
70:
67:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4415:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4378:
4370:
4369:
4366:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4318:Konrad Lorenz
4316:
4314:
4313:Carl Linnaeus
4311:
4309:
4308:William Kirby
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
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3852:
3849:
3848:Testudinology
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3829:Helminthology
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3798:Myriapodology
3796:
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3783:
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3778:
3775:
3773:
3769:
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3744:Anthrozoology
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3404:
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3399:
3398:Hemipterology
3396:
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3207:
3205:
3204:Megasecoptera
3202:
3200:
3194:
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3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
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3019:
3017:(caddisflies)
3013:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2990:
2987:
2983:Siphonaptera
2980:
2979:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:(Mecopterida)
2947:
2937:
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2923:
2921:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2910:
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2900:
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2886:Strepsiptera
2884:
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2860:
2859:
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2799:
2795:Thysanoptera
2793:
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2638:(webspinners)
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2301:
2300:0-03-096835-6
2297:
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2292:
2287:
2285:0-521-82149-5
2281:
2277:
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2269:
2265:
2262:
2261:0-306-44967-6
2258:
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2250:
2247:
2246:0-8165-2544-7
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2224:
2223:1-4020-6242-7
2220:
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2209:
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2195:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2177:
2168:
2162:
2159:
2148:on 2014-12-19
2147:
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2122:
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2104:
2098:
2095:
2090:
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2070:
2067:
2062:
2056:
2053:
2042:on 2013-05-01
2041:
2037:
2030:
2027:
2022:
2018:
2017:"Collections"
2012:
2009:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1976:
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1955:
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1591:
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1585:
1584:88-206-2415-X
1581:
1577:
1576:88-206-2414-1
1573:
1569:
1568:88-206-2413-3
1565:
1561:
1560:88-206-2412-5
1557:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1532:
1529:
1518:on 2009-05-19
1517:
1513:
1507:
1503:
1499:
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1490:
1487:
1482:
1480:0-19-910207-4
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1458:
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1442:
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1424:
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1421:Myriapodology
1419:
1417:
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1409:
1407:
1404:
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1107:
1105:, Los Angeles
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1019:San Francisco
1016:
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1007:
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1002:
998:
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993:
989:
987:
986:New York City
983:
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978:
975:
974:
971:United States
970:
965:
962:
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657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
636:
635:
630:Organizations
629:
625:
624:Carl Spitzweg
620:
615:
608:Entomologists
607:
603:
599:
596:
594:
590:
587:
584:
580:
576:
573:
571:
567:
564:
562:
558:
554:
551:
549:
545:
541:
538:
536:
532:
529:
527:
523:
522:Hemipterology
520:
518:
514:
511:
509:
505:
502:
500:
496:
493:
492:
491:
483:
476:
474:
470:
467:
459:
457:
455:
451:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
393:), and twice
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
371:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:William Kirby
348:
343:
341:
340:Dutch Surinam
336:
331:
327:
326:metamorphosis
323:
319:
314:
309:
298:
293:
292:Ibn al-A'rābī
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
257:
256:DNA barcoding
253:
252:
251:Trigonopterus
246:
239:
234:
228:
220:
218:
216:
215:
206:
197:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
98:
92:
88:
84:
81:
80:Ancient Greek
77:
39:
38:
33:
19:
4184:Gas exchange
4123:Fish anatomy
4118:Bird anatomy
3978:Ambulacraria
3924:Paleozoology
3919:Parasitology
3838:Batrachology
3819:Ethnozoology
3814:Cnidariology
3767:
3672:
3660:
3648:
3342:
3298:
3284:
3254:Syntonoptera
3136:Caloneurodea
3128:Blattoptera
3079:
3070:
3065:
3024:Lepidoptera
3022:
3015:Trichoptera
2991:
2973:
2925:Megaloptera
2919:(snakeflies)
2909:Neuropterida
2893:
2878:Coleopterida
2855:Hymenoptera
2853:
2775:Paraneoptera
2773:
2695:(gladiators)
2644:Phasmatodea
2622:(stoneflies)
2607:Polyneoptera
2550:Odonatoptera
2414:Monocondylia
2379:Pancrustacea
2377:(unranked):
2306:
2275:
2252:
2237:
2230:
2214:
2204:
2197:
2193:
2183:
2161:
2150:. Retrieved
2146:the original
2136:
2124:. Retrieved
2120:
2111:
2097:
2083:
2069:
2055:
2044:. Retrieved
2040:the original
2029:
2021:the original
2011:
1997:
1983:
1969:
1958:. Retrieved
1954:the original
1944:
1930:
1916:
1905:
1894:
1883:
1872:. Retrieved
1869:entocert.org
1868:
1859:
1848:. Retrieved
1844:
1835:
1818:
1814:
1803:
1766:
1762:
1752:
1740:. Retrieved
1736:the original
1731:
1721:
1707:
1687:
1680:
1639:
1635:
1629:
1610:
1604:
1596:"Entomology"
1590:
1551:
1546:
1537:
1531:
1520:. Retrieved
1516:the original
1496:
1489:
1464:
1461:Robert Scott
1451:
712:
633:
579:grasshoppers
556:
531:Isopterology
488:
471:
463:
422:
403:
399:E. O. Wilson
372:
358:
344:
321:
274:(especially
261:
249:
237:
212:
198:
194:paleontology
170:biochemistry
166:biomechanics
162:neuroscience
139:
114:
94:
90:
86:
83:
75:
74:
4354:Post-Darwin
4231:Capillaries
4169:Respiration
3929:Planktology
3914:Ornithology
3898:Primatology
3854:Ichthyology
3834:Herpetology
3809:Bryozoology
3787:Myrmecology
3782:Melittology
3763:Carcinology
3753:Arachnology
3674:WikiProject
3423:Odonatology
3413:Myrmecology
3408:Melittology
3383:Dipterology
3300:Wikispecies
3259:Titanoptera
3191:Lapeyriidae
3186:Hypoperlida
3161:Eoblattodea
3130:(roachoids)
3123:Archodonata
2965:Antliophora
2933:Neuroptera
2895:Coleoptera
2706:Dictyoptera
2676:(Xenonomia)
2652:Orthoptera
2636:Embioptera
2628:Dermaptera
2620:Plecoptera
2520:Palaeoptera
2383:Subphylum:
2121:uoguelph.ca
1371:Carcinology
1366:Arachnology
1035:, Cleveland
1001:New Orleans
788:John Marris
770:Australasia
593:caddisflies
566:Myrmecology
553:Melittology
548:butterflies
513:Odonatology
504:Dipterology
429:Hymenoptera
418:dragonflies
414:butterflies
328:. In 1705,
303:كتاب الذباب
272:agriculture
268:prehistoric
236:Plate from
174:systematics
135:crustaceans
4398:Entomology
4392:Categories
4349:Pre-Darwin
4323:Thomas Say
4280:Zoologists
4254:By species
3993:Arthropoda
3958:Ctenophora
3904:Nematology
3888:Felinology
3868:Teuthology
3863:Conchology
3859:Malacology
3768:Entomology
3343:Entomology
3209:Miomoptera
2975:Mecoptera
2803:Hemiptera
2724:(mantises)
2714:Blattodea
2660:Zoraptera
2539:(mayflies)
2478:Zygentoma
2373:Arthropoda
2253:Entomology
2152:2014-03-27
2046:2013-07-15
1960:2007-01-02
1874:2023-10-08
1850:2024-06-03
1815:BioScience
1522:2007-10-26
1443:References
1028:Pittsburgh
441:monographs
433:Coleoptera
427:, such as
320:published
280:beekeeping
248:These 100
214:P. pyralis
190:morphology
178:physiology
103:scientific
78:(from
76:Entomology
18:Entymology
4179:Breathing
4031:Histology
3893:Hippology
3874:Mammalogy
3843:Ophiology
3757:Acarology
3438:Vespology
3181:Heraridea
3171:Geroptera
3076:Based on
2950:Panorpida
2897:(beetles)
2787:Psocodea
2722:Mantodea
2673:Notoptera
2630:(earwigs)
2365:Kingdom:
1769:(2): 53.
1167:Minnesota
1059:, Chicago
955:Stockholm
831:Barcelona
600:– social
598:Vespology
526:true bugs
131:myriapods
127:arachnids
123:arthropod
121:in other
105:study of
87:(entomon)
32:etymology
4377:Category
4221:Arteries
4106:Elephant
4081:Anatomy
4008:Annelida
4003:Mollusca
3983:Chordata
3968:Cnidaria
3963:Placozoa
3953:Porifera
3883:Cynology
3878:Cetology
3824:Ethology
3737:Branches
3650:Category
3487:Americas
3354:Timeline
3219:Paoliida
2993:Diptera
2797:(thrips)
2558:Odonata
2385:Hexapoda
2371:Phylum:
2367:Animalia
2274:(2005).
2126:20 April
1795:28524117
1742:19 March
1672:24812002
1664:23928824
1656:43863376
1463:(1980).
1329:See also
1284:Edmonton
1262:Montreal
1235:Edmonton
942:Brussels
934:, Oxford
874:Scotland
583:crickets
557:Apiology
535:termites
264:cultures
199:Over 1.3
158:behavior
4342:History
4039:Tissues
3728:Outline
3717:Zoology
3662:Commons
3590:Oceania
3104:Extinct
3078:Sasaki
2985:(fleas)
2779: *
1786:5492067
1763:Insects
1311:Ontario
1301:Ontario
1297:Toronto
1288:Alberta
1239:Alberta
1225:Ontario
1215:Ontario
946:Belgium
927:Austria
870:Glasgow
861:Germany
499:beetles
445:Insecta
397:winner
288:of Kufa
221:History
205:species
186:ecology
142:zoology
119:animals
111:zoology
107:insects
85:ἔντομον
3946:groups
3944:Animal
3611:Global
3549:Europe
3466:Africa
3082:(2013)
3080:et al.
3071:Italic
2399:Extant
2355:orders
2352:Insect
2298:
2282:
2259:
2244:
2221:
1975:"Home"
1793:
1783:
1695:
1670:
1662:
1654:
1617:
1582:
1574:
1566:
1558:
1508:
1477:
1307:Guelph
1266:Quebec
1221:Ottawa
1211:Ottawa
1201:Canada
959:Sweden
923:Vienna
908:Norway
857:Berlin
848:France
818:Europe
750:Africa
585:, etc.
240:, 1848
209:
201:
192:, and
133:, and
115:insect
97:-logia
4238:Heart
4226:Veins
4211:Lymph
4206:Blood
4096:Human
1950:"MHN"
1668:S2CID
1652:JSTOR
844:Paris
835:Spain
602:wasps
544:moths
508:flies
454:Daisy
425:order
266:from
146:taxon
93:λογία
82:
3518:Asia
3066:bold
2296:ISBN
2280:ISBN
2257:ISBN
2242:ISBN
2219:ISBN
2128:2015
1791:PMID
1744:2017
1693:ISBN
1660:PMID
1615:ISBN
1580:ISBN
1572:ISBN
1564:ISBN
1556:ISBN
1506:ISBN
1475:ISBN
1459:and
1163:UMSP
778:The
717:Asia
570:ants
561:bees
559:) –
555:(or
546:and
439:and
278:and
4111:Cat
4101:Dog
1823:doi
1781:PMC
1771:doi
1644:doi
1247:of
1165:),
782:at
310:'s
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2981:+
2270:;
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2119:.
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1817:.
1813:.
1789:.
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1260:,
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1237:,
1233:,
1223:,
1213:,
1209:,
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1131:,
1122:,
1096:,
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1078:,
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1065:,
1050:,
1041:,
1026:,
1017:,
1008:,
999:,
984:,
957:,
953:,
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940:,
925:,
921:,
898:,
872:,
868:,
859:,
855:,
846:,
842:,
833:,
809:,
591:–
581:,
577:–
568:–
542:–
533:–
524:–
515:–
506:–
497:–
401:.
385:,
381:,
377:,
342:.
290:,
196:.
188:,
184:,
180:,
176:,
172:,
168:,
164:,
160:,
156:,
152:,
129:,
3900:)
3876:(
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3861:(
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3836:(
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3794:)
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2199:—
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2155:.
2130:.
2105:.
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1991:.
1977:.
1963:.
1938:.
1924:.
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1767:8
1746:.
1715:.
1701:.
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300:(
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229:.
99:)
95:(
91:-
20:)
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