372:. They proved analytically conditions under which semi-ignorance (lack of recognition) can lead to better inferences than with more knowledge. These results were experimentally confirmed in many experiments, e.g., by showing that semi-ignorant people who rely on recognition are as good as or better than the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Rankings and experts at predicting the outcomes of the Wimbledon tennis tournaments. Similarly, decisions by experienced experts (e.g., police, professional burglars, airport security) were found to follow the take-the-best heuristic rather than weight and add all information, while inexperienced students tend to do the latter. A third class of heuristics,
42:
407:, Gigerenzer argues that heuristics should not lead us to conceive of human thinking as riddled with irrational cognitive biases, but rather to conceive rationality as an adaptive tool that is not identical to the rules of formal logic or the probability calculus. He and his collaborators have theoretically and experimentally shown that many cognitive fallacies are better understood as adaptive responses to a world of uncertainty—such as the
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461:, which helps people make Bayesian inferences correctly without any outside help. Later it was shown that with this method, even 4th graders were able to make correct inferences. Once again, the problem is not simply in the human mind, but in the representation of the information. Gigerenzer has taught risk literacy to some 1,000 doctors in their CMU and some 50 US federal judges, and
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situations in which "less is more", that is, where heuristics make more accurate decisions with less effort. This contradicts the traditional view that more information is always better or at least can never hurt if it is free. Less-is-more effects have been shown experimentally, analytically, and by computer simulations.
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probabilities and utilities with that of a bounded mind reaching into an adaptive toolbox filled with fast and frugal heuristics". These heuristics would equip humans to deal more specifically with the many situations they face in which not all alternatives and probabilities are known, and surprises can happen.
352:. In 1995 he became director of the Max Planck Institute for Psychological Research in Munich, and in 1997 director of the Max Planck Institute for Human Development in Berlin. Since 2009 he has been director of the Harding Center for Risk Literacy in Berlin, which moved in 2020 to the University of Potsdam.
530:, for an extensive list of honors and awards.) He is a member of the Science Council of the ERC, the 22 scientists who oversee the European Research Council, and Vice President of the ERC. The Swiss Duttweiler Institute has distinguished Gigerenzer as one of the top-100 Global Thought Leaders worldwide.
525:
for the best article in the behavioral sciences, the
Association of American Publishers Prize for the best book in the social and behavioral sciences, the German Psychology Prize, and the Communicator Award of the German Research Association (DFG), among others. (See the German Knowledge (XXG) entry,
448:
in situations where risks can actually be calculated or precisely estimated. He has developed an ecological approach to risk communication where the key is the match between cognition and the presentation of the information in the environment. For instance, lay people as well as professionals often
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The basic idea of the adaptive toolbox is that different domains of thought require different specialized cognitive mechanisms instead of one universal strategy. The analysis of the adaptive toolbox and its evolution is descriptive research with the goal of specifying the core cognitive capacities
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Gigerenzer argues that heuristics are not irrational or always second-best to optimization, as the accuracy-effort trade-off view assumes, in which heuristics are seen as short-cuts that trade less effort for less accuracy. In contrast, his and associated researchers' studies have identified
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Gigerenzer and colleagues write of the mid-17th century "probabilistic revolution", "the demise of the dream of certainty and the rise of a calculus of uncertainty – probability theory". Gigerenzer calls for a second revolution, "replacing the image of an omniscient mind computing intricate
376:, are designed for categorization and are used for instance in emergency units to predict heart attacks, and model bail decisions made by magistrates in London courts. In such cases, the risks are not knowable and professionals hence face uncertainty. To better understand the logic of
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has now entered the vocabulary of evidence-based medicine. In recent years, medical schools around the world have begun to teach tools such as natural frequencies to help young doctors understand test results.
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Gigerenzer investigates how humans make inferences about their world with limited time and knowledge. He proposes that, in an uncertain world, probability theory is not sufficient; people also use smart
388:(2020, MIT Press), uses examples such as how American citizens decide to vote for their president or how paramedics prioritise treatment at a medical emergency, to show how to build heuristics such as
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views of cognition, where adaptive function and success is central, as opposed to logical structure and consistency, although the latter can be means towards function.
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Gigerenzer, G., Gaissmaier, W., Kurz-Milcke, E., Schwartz, L. M., & Woloshin, S. W. (2007). Helping doctors and patients make sense of health statistics.
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models, as well as how to test and compare their accuracy and transparency with state-of-the art algorithms from other fields, including machine learning.
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and other heuristics, Gigerenzer and his colleagues use the strategy of mapping its concepts onto those of well-understood optimization theories, such as
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287:(the repertoire of heuristics an individual or institution has) and the ability to choose a good heuristics for the task at hand. A heuristic is called
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Gigerenzer is a jazz and
Dixieland musician. He was part of The Munich Beefeaters Dixieland Band which performed in a TV ad for the
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in the cognitive illusions literature. Gigerenzer and Ulrich
Hoffrage were the first to develop and test a representation called
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around the time it came out in 1974. The ad can be viewed on YouTube, with
Gigerenzer at the steering wheel and on the banjo.
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Gigerenzer, G., Multmeier, J., Föhring, A., & Wegwarth, O. (2021). Do children have
Bayesian intuitions?
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Gigerenzer, G., & Garcia-Retamero, R. (2017). Cassandra’s regret. The psychology of not wanting to know.
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Gigerenzer, G., Reb, J., & Luan, S. (2022). Smart heuristics for individuals, teams, and organizations.
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Luan, S., Schooler, L., & Gigerenzer, G. (2011). A signal detection analysis of fast-and-frugal trees.
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Gigerenzer, G. (2006). Out of the frying pan into the fire: Behavioral reactions to terrorist attacks.
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Gigerenzer, G., & Brighton, H. (2009). Homo heuristicus: Why biased minds make better inferences.
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Gigerenzer, G (1991). "How to make cognitive illusions disappear: Beyond "heuristics and biases"".
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267:. Gigerenzer is director emeritus of the Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition (ABC) at the
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541:. He is also Batten Fellow at the Darden Business School, University of Virginia, Fellow of the
802:
Artinger, F., Gigerenzer, G. & Jacobs, P. (2022). Satisficing: Integrating two traditions.
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Smart management: How simple heuristics help leaders make good decisions in an uncertain world.
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1348:"Deutscher Psychologie Preis: Deutscher Psychologie Preis 2011 an Prof. Dr. Gerd Gigerenzer"
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Gigerenzer, G. (2010). Moral satisficing. Rethinking moral behavior as bounded rationality.
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Gigerenzer, G. (2018). Statistical rituals: The replication delusion and how we got there.
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Gigerenzer, G., Swijtink, Z., Porter, T., Daston, L., Beatty, J., & KrĂĽger, L. (1989).
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and has been the John M. Olin
Distinguished Visiting Professor, School of Law at the
328:(full professor qualification) at the university's department of psychology in 1982.
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1373:"DFG, German Research Foundation - Communicator Award 2011 Goes to Gerd Gigerenzer"
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Nonmetrische multidimensionale
Skalierung als Modell des Urteilverhaltens (German)
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1935:
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Arkes, H. R., Gigerenzer, G., & Hertwig, R. (2016). How bad is incoherence?
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549:, International Fellow of the British Academy, and International Member of the
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Gerd
Gigerenzer & Nicholas Taleb: The dichotomy of behavioral economics.
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Annual Review of
Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 9
634:
Katsikopoulos, K., ĹžimĹźek, Ă–., Buckmann, M., & Gigerenzer, G. (2020).
17:
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Article: Simple tools for understanding risks: from innumeracy to insight
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874:
Gigerenzer, G., & Gaissmaier, W. (2011). Heuristic decision-making.
336:
Previously working at the
University of Munich, Gigerenzer moved to the
756:
The empire of chance. How probability changed science and everyday life
499:
324:
in 1974 and 1977, respectively. He received the postdoctoral degree of
72:
1608:
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Bauer, T. K., Gigerenzer, G., Krämer, W., & Schüller, K. (2022).
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to the degree that it is adapted to the structure of an environment.
193:
1327:"History & Archives: AAAS Prize for Behavioral Science Research"
1310:
Original TV ad for VW Golf with The Munich Beefeaters Dixieland Band
741:
Gigerenzer, G., Todd, P. M., & the ABC Research Group. (1999).
793:
Gigerenzer, G. (2022). Simple heuristics to run a research group.
344:
in 1990. From 1992 to 1995 he was Professor of Psychology at the
537:, the Open University of the Netherlands, and the University of
160:
1627:
1077:"New ERC Scientific Council member and new ERC Vice President"
831:
Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 1,
820:
Gigerenzer, G. (2018). The bias bias in behavioral economics.
444:
Alongside his research on heuristics, Gigerenzer investigates
683:
Gigerenzer, G., Hertwig, R., & Pachur, T. (Eds.) (2011).
584:
Gigerenzer, G., Mousavi, S., & Viale, R. (Eds.) (2024).
2332:
Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
142:
Communicator Award of the German Research Association (DFG)
697:
Rationality for mortals: How people cope with uncertainty.
283:. He conceptualizes rational decisions in terms of the
660:
Bauer, T. K., Gigerenzer, G., & Krämer, W. (2014).
788:, 171–198. doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-090506
720:
Calculated risks: How to know when numbers deceive you
1474:"The British Academy welcomes 86 new Fellows in 2024"
838:
Gigerenzer, G. (2017). A theory integration program.
432:) and the heuristics that exploit these (such as the
943:
TEDx Talk: How do smart people make smart decisions?
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Warum dick nicht doof macht und Genmais nicht tötet:
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Gigerenzer was awarded honorary doctorates from the
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Simply rational: Decision making in the real world.
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2327:Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
878:451–482. doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-120709-145346
729:Gigerenzer, G., & Selten, R. (Eds.). (2001).
708:Gut feelings: The intelligence of the unconscious
686:Heuristics: The foundations of adaptive behavior.
482:(as opposed to maximizing) and on ecological and
1101:Gigerenzer, Gerd (2008). "Why Heuristics Work".
903:Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 8,
813:Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 50,
665:Ăśber Risiken und Nebenwirkungen der Unstatistik.
614:: Why human intelligence still beats algorithms.
571:Reb, J., Luan, S., & Gigerenzer, G. (2024).
453:, typically committing what has been called the
511:Max Planck Institute for the History of Science
474:Intellectually, Gigerenzer's work is rooted in
896:107–143. doi:10.1111/j.1756-8765.2008.01006.x
887:528–554. doi:10.1111/j.1756-8765.2010.01094.x
624:GrĂĽne fahren SUV und Joggen macht unsterblich.
2493:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni
2478:Members of the American Philosophical Society
1639:
8:
919:Gigerenzer, G. (2004). Mindless statistics.
765:Gigerenzer, G., & Murray, D. J. (1987).
948:TED-Ed Why do people fear the wrong things?
1646:
1632:
1624:
1230:Bounded Rationality: The Adaptive Toolbox.
986:Heuristics in judgment and decision-making
523:AAAS Prize for Behavioral Science Research
269:Max Planck Institute for Human Development
179:Max Planck Institute for Human Development
131:AAAS Prize for Behavioral Science Research
40:
29:
1450:"University celebrates the class of 2024"
1277:
1245:Todd, Peter M.; Gigerenzer, Gerd (2000).
1205:
1052:"Harding Center for Risk Literacy (Team)"
732:Bounded rationality: The adaptive toolbox
513:and has one daughter, Thalia Gigerenzer.
2473:Fellows of the Cognitive Science Society
1423:"Honorary Awards Faculty of Psychology"
1025:
675:Risk savvy: How to make good decisions.
833:198–218. doi:10.1177/2515245918771329
543:Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences
2337:New England Complex Systems Institute
1103:Perspectives on Psychological Science
551:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
547:German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
7:
2322:Human Behavior and Evolution Society
1249:Simple heuristics that make us smart
1240:
1238:
1194:European Review of Social Psychology
744:Simple heuristics that make us smart
251:(born 3 September 1947) is a German
2317:Center for Evolutionary Psychology
1352:www.deutscher-psychologie-preis.de
824:303–336. doi:10.1561/105.00000092
822:Review of Behavioral Economics, 5,
815:1041–1070. doi:10.1037/xge0000979
804:Journal of Economic Literature, 60
612:How to stay smart in a smart world
25:
2518:21st-century German psychologists
1402:GDI Gottlieb Duttweiler Institute
768:Cognition as intuitive statistics
2428:
2415:
2403:
2402:
2382:Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences
2368:The Evolution of Human Sexuality
1609:Harding Center for Risk Literacy
1562:
1550:
1522:
1115:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2008.00058.x
876:Annual Review of Psychology, 62.
851:179–196. doi:10.1037/rev0000055
587:Elgar Companion to Herbert Simon
185:Harding Center for Risk Literacy
921:Journal of Socio-Economics, 33,
894:Topics in Cognitive Science, 1,
885:Topics in Cognitive Science, 2,
653: Oxford University Press.
521:Gigerenzer is recipient of the
2508:Max Planck Institute directors
2503:University of Virginia faculty
1398:"A global thought leaders map"
1279:11858/00-001M-0000-0025-999B-B
869:316–338. doi:10.1037/a0022684
797:275–280. doi:10.1002/pchj.533
601:The intelligence of intuition.
555:American Philosophical Society
1:
2498:University of Chicago faculty
2488:People from Dingolfing-Landau
2375:Evolution, Mind and Behaviour
1258:Behavioral and Brain Sciences
27:German cognitive psychologist
2361:Evolution and Human Behavior
1169:"Classification in the Wild"
779:Journal articles (selection)
760:Cambridge University Press.
604:Cambridge University Press.
2436:Evolutionary biology portal
981:Frequency format hypothesis
637:Classification in the wild.
255:who has studied the use of
2534:
1655:Evolutionary psychologists
867:Psychological Review, 118,
849:Psychological Review, 124,
386:Classification in the Wild
2513:Max Planck Society people
2398:
2263:Literary theorists /
1661:
1270:10.1017/s0140525x00003447
1216:10.1080/14792779143000033
748:Oxford University Press.
700:Oxford University Press.
689:Oxford University Press.
218:
149:
39:
991:Great Rationality Debate
938:TEDx Talk: Risk literacy
399:A critic of the work of
2483:Cognitive psychologists
2410:Evolutionary psychology
2389:Evolutionary Psychology
1767:Mary Jane West-Eberhard
1665:Evolutionary psychology
1618:German National Library
1228:Gigerenzer and Selten:
717:Gigerenzer, G. (2002).
705:Gigerenzer, G. (2007).
694:Gigerenzer, G. (2008).
672:Gigerenzer, G. (2014).
647:Gigerenzer, G. (2015).
609:Gigerenzer, G. (2022).
598:Gigerenzer, G. (2023).
470:Intellectual background
382:signal-detection theory
370:take-the-best heuristic
364:he first theorized the
137:German Psychology Prize
2006:Aurelio José Figueredo
1555:Quotations related to
1149:www.mpib-berlin.mpg.de
1038:www.mpib-berlin.mpg.de
1006:Ecological rationality
966:Bias–variance tradeoff
724:Simon & Schuster.
350:University of Virginia
342:University of Salzburg
338:University of Konstanz
308:Gigerenzer received a
46:Gerd Gigerenzer (2014)
2249:Dominic D. P. Johnson
1883:Pierre van den Berghe
1454:www.southampton.ac.uk
449:have problems making
434:recognition heuristic
390:Fast-And-Frugal trees
378:Fast-And-Frugal trees
374:Fast-And-Frugal trees
366:recognition heuristic
346:University of Chicago
289:ecologically rational
187:(Director since 2008)
182:(Director since 1997)
2468:German psychologists
1894:cognitive scientists
1892:Psychologists /
1571:at Wikimedia Commons
1499:search.amphilsoc.org
1495:"APS Member History"
423:The adaptive toolbox
322:University of Munich
314:doctor of philosophy
84:University of Munich
2229:Christopher Badcock
2151:Todd K. Shackelford
1428:University of Basel
1001:Bounded rationality
976:Conjunction fallacy
535:University of Basel
463:natural frequencies
459:natural frequencies
451:Bayesian inferences
409:conjunction fallacy
340:in 1984 and to the
257:bounded rationality
2086:Michael T. McGuire
2066:Douglas T. Kenrick
2051:Judith Rich Harris
1966:Donald T. Campbell
1926:David F. Bjorklund
1782:David Sloan Wilson
1777:George C. Williams
1742:Giacomo Rizzolatti
1592:2008-03-27 at the
1580:2004-08-07 at the
1145:"Curriculum Vitae"
1011:Social rationality
912:Risk Analysis, 26,
795:PsyCH Journal, 11,
509:, director at the
446:risk communication
440:Risk communication
430:recognition memory
2445:
2444:
2423:Psychology portal
2307:Research centers/
2222:social scientists
2186:Michael Tomasello
2106:Randolph M. Nesse
1911:Justin L. Barrett
1906:Simon Baron-Cohen
1813:Christopher Boehm
1567:Media related to
1034:"Gerd Gigerenzer"
566:Books (selection)
505:He is married to
455:base-rate fallacy
413:base rate fallacy
384:. The short book
246:
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209:Doctoral students
188:
183:
151:Scientific career
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122:Thalia Gigerenzer
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62:September 3, 1947
16:(Redirected from
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2406:
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2354:The Adapted Mind
2141:David P. Schmitt
2101:Katherine Nelson
2081:Brian MacWhinney
2021:Gordon G. Gallup
2011:Diana Fleischman
1971:Peter Carruthers
1828:Napoleon Chagnon
1808:Jerome H. Barkow
1792:Richard Wrangham
1772:Wolfgang Wickler
1757:Carel van Schaik
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1054:. Archived from
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362:Daniel Goldstein
285:adaptive toolbox
242:
240:/gerd-gigerenzer
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2161:Irwin Silverman
2091:Geoffrey Miller
2056:Martie Haselton
2031:Gerd Gigerenzer
1946:Joseph Bulbulia
1893:
1887:
1868:Stephen Shennan
1823:Donald E. Brown
1801:Anthropologists
1796:
1747:Randy Thornhill
1737:Peter Richerson
1717:Peter Kropotkin
1697:Richard Dawkins
1675:neuroscientists
1674:
1668:
1657:
1652:
1614:Gerd Gigerenzer
1594:Wayback Machine
1582:Wayback Machine
1569:Gerd Gigerenzer
1557:Gerd Gigerenzer
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1540:Gerd Gigerenzer
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1207:10.1.1.336.9826
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1177:
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1027:
1022:
1017:
961:
934:
781:
667:Campus Verlag.
627:Campus Verlag.
568:
563:
528:Gerd Gigerenzer
519:
507:Lorraine Daston
496:
472:
442:
425:
401:Daniel Kahneman
358:
334:
332:Academic career
306:
301:
265:decision making
249:Gerd Gigerenzer
226:
202:
184:
169:Decision theory
167:
163:
141:
136:
113:Lorraine Daston
80:Alma mater
75:
66:
63:
57:
55:
47:
35:
34:Gerd Gigerenzer
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
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2282:Daniel Dennett
2279:
2277:Joseph Carroll
2274:
2268:
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2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2244:Herbert Gintis
2241:
2236:
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2225:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2181:Frank Sulloway
2178:
2173:
2168:
2166:Peter K. Smith
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2111:Steven Neuberg
2108:
2103:
2098:
2096:Darcia Narvaez
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2076:Robert Kurzban
2073:
2071:Simon M. Kirby
2068:
2063:
2061:Stephen Kaplan
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2041:Jonathan Haidt
2038:
2033:
2028:
2026:David C. Geary
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1996:Bruce J. Ellis
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
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1908:
1903:
1901:Mary Ainsworth
1897:
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1880:
1875:
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1865:
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1855:
1853:Joseph Henrich
1850:
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1838:Daniel Fessler
1835:
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1798:
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1784:
1779:
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1762:Claus Wedekind
1759:
1754:
1752:Robert Trivers
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1707:W. D. Hamilton
1704:
1699:
1694:
1692:Charles Darwin
1689:
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1682:Bernard Crespi
1678:
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1516:External links
1514:
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1264:(5): 727–741.
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971:Cognitive bias
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2156:Roger Shepard
2154:
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2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2136:Mark Schaller
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2126:Steven Pinker
2124:
2122:
2121:Henry Plotkin
2119:
2117:
2116:David Perrett
2114:
2112:
2109:
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2012:
2009:
2007:
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1989:
1987:
1984:
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1981:Leda Cosmides
1979:
1977:
1974:
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1961:Anne Campbell
1959:
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1873:Donald Symons
1871:
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1863:Daniel Nettle
1861:
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1848:John D. Hawks
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1735:
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1732:Margie Profet
1730:
1728:
1727:Jaak Panksepp
1725:
1723:
1722:Gordon Orians
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1712:Alfred Kinsey
1710:
1708:
1705:
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1702:Jared Diamond
1700:
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1225:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1200:(1): 83–115.
1199:
1195:
1188:
1185:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1132:
1128:
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1120:
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1108:
1104:
1097:
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1078:
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1069:
1058:on 2019-09-18
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579:
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560:
558:
556:
552:
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536:
531:
529:
524:
516:
514:
512:
508:
503:
501:
493:
491:
487:
485:
481:
477:
476:Herbert Simon
469:
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159:
155:
152:
148:
132:
129:
125:
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
103:
99:
94:
90:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
64:(age 77)
54:
50:
43:
38:
31:
19:
2434:
2421:
2408:
2387:
2380:
2373:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2346:Publications
2287:Denis Dutton
2272:Edmund Burke
2265:philosophers
2211:Margo Wilson
2206:Glenn Wilson
2191:Joshua Tybur
2046:Harry Harlow
2030:
2001:Anne Fernald
1976:Noam Chomsky
1941:Pascal Boyer
1921:Jesse Bering
1833:Robin Dunbar
1787:E. O. Wilson
1673:Biologists /
1663:
1599:Edge.org bio
1559:at Wikiquote
1538:
1537:
1536:profile for
1533:
1502:. Retrieved
1498:
1489:
1478:. Retrieved
1476:. 2024-07-18
1468:
1457:. Retrieved
1453:
1444:
1432:. Retrieved
1426:
1417:
1406:. Retrieved
1404:. 2011-12-31
1401:
1392:
1380:. Retrieved
1376:
1367:
1355:. Retrieved
1351:
1342:
1330:. Retrieved
1321:
1304:
1261:
1257:
1248:
1229:
1224:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1176:. Retrieved
1172:
1163:
1152:. Retrieved
1148:
1139:
1109:(1): 20–29.
1106:
1102:
1096:
1085:. Retrieved
1083:. 2024-01-24
1080:
1071:
1060:. Retrieved
1056:the original
1046:
1037:
1028:
924:
920:
911:
902:
893:
884:
875:
866:
858:Decision, 3,
857:
848:
840:Decision, 4,
839:
830:
821:
812:
803:
794:
785:
767:
766:
755:
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743:
742:
731:
730:
719:
718:
707:
706:
696:
695:
685:
684:
674:
673:
662:
661:
649:
648:
636:
635:
623:
622:
611:
610:
600:
599:
586:
585:
573:
572:
561:Publications
532:
520:
504:
497:
488:
484:evolutionary
473:
462:
458:
443:
426:
405:Amos Tversky
398:
385:
359:
335:
326:habilitation
307:
293:
284:
273:
253:psychologist
248:
247:
230:.mpib-berlin
198:
175:Institutions
150:
2458:1947 births
2171:Dan Sperber
2146:Nancy Segal
1986:Martin Daly
1936:John Bowlby
1818:Robert Boyd
1247:"Précis of
996:Rationality
806:, 598–635.
736:MIT Press.
640:MIT Press.
577:MIT Press.
539:Southampton
480:satisficing
478:'s work on
279:, that is,
69:Wallersdorf
2452:Categories
2297:David Hume
2239:Ernst Fehr
2131:Paul Rozin
2036:Peter Gray
1991:Paul Ekman
1956:Josep Call
1951:David Buss
1931:Paul Bloom
1916:Jay Belsky
1878:John Tooby
1843:Mark Flinn
1687:John Crook
1504:2021-02-18
1480:2024-07-29
1459:2024-07-29
1434:2 November
1408:2023-05-15
1377:www.dfg.de
1178:2023-01-09
1154:2022-10-11
1087:2024-07-29
1062:2015-08-08
1020:References
356:Heuristics
318:psychology
277:heuristics
261:heuristics
165:Psychology
58:1947-09-03
18:Gigerenzer
2016:Uta Frith
1858:Ruth Mace
1620:catalogue
1202:CiteSeerX
1173:MIT Press
923:587–606.
914:347–351.
842:133–145.
772:Erlbaum.
616:Penguin.
428:(such as
320:from the
304:Education
299:Biography
2254:Gad Saad
1590:Archived
1578:Archived
1296:15691783
1288:11301545
1123:26158666
959:See also
678:Viking.
553:and the
545:and the
494:Personal
394:tallying
368:and the
119:Children
1616:in the
1532:has an
1530:Scholia
1382:2 April
1357:2 April
1332:2 April
1315:YouTube
1131:8947622
905:53–96.
860:20–39.
500:VW Golf
223:Website
73:Germany
2433:
2420:
2407:
1575:Resume
1534:author
1294:
1286:
1204:
1129:
1121:
517:Awards
415:, and
411:, the
312:and a
238:/staff
203:(1977)
201:
194:Thesis
157:Fields
144:(2011)
139:(2011)
134:(2008)
127:Awards
109:Spouse
2220:Other
1587:Books
1292:S2CID
1254:(PDF)
1232:2001.
1127:S2CID
932:Video
360:With
1436:2020
1384:2019
1359:2019
1334:2019
1284:PMID
1119:PMID
403:and
392:and
259:and
232:.mpg
161:Risk
52:Born
1313:on
1274:hdl
1266:doi
1212:doi
1111:doi
1081:ERC
436:).
316:in
263:in
236:/en
234:.de
228:www
93:PhD
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