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wanted
Grindal to suppress the "prophesyings" or meetings for sermon training and discussion which had come into vogue among the Puritan clergy, and she even wanted him to discourage preaching. Instead of carrying out his instructions, Grindal responded with a 6,000-word letter defending prophesyings, saying: 'I choose rather to offend your earthly Majesty than to offend the heavenly majesty of God.' In June 1577 he was suspended from his jurisdictional - though not his spiritual - functions for disobedience. He stood firm, and in January 1578 Secretary Wilson informed Burghley that the Queen wished to have the Archbishop deprived. She was dissuaded from this extreme course, but Grindal's sequestration was continued in spite of a petition from Convocation in 1581 for his reinstatement. Elizabeth then suggested that he should resign; he declined to do so, and after apologising to the Queen he was reinstated towards the end of 1582. However, his infirmities were increasing, and while making preparations for his resignation, he died and was buried in
681:(a "free grammar school"), which he founded in his native village of St Bees, where he had not been for perhaps forty-five years. Only three days before his death Grindal had published statutes for the school; a series of minute and specific regulations which are a noted treasury of information for historians of Tudor education. Although the school was to be sometimes at risk in its early years, a school building had been erected by 1588 at a cost of £366.3s.4d. and endowed with annual revenues of £50. Nicholas Copland was nominated by Grindal as the first Headmaster and a tradition of learning had begun which continued without a break for over four centuries. In 2015 it was announced that the school was to close, but it re-opened in 2018.
296:, Elizabeth I's Secretary of State: "the house wherein I was born, and the lands pertaining thereto, being a small matter, under twenty shillings rent, but well builded at the charges of my father and brother": which corresponds to Cross Hill House. This has been proven by the discovery of the long-mislaid St. Bees long leases, which have provided the missing link in the chain of ownership back to William Grindal, Edmund's father, a farmer in the village. Grindal's exact date of birth is uncertain, but is c. 1519.
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627:, in his famous sermon of 5 November 1709, "The Perils of False Brethren, Both in Church and State", attacked him as "that false son of the Church, Bishop Grindall ... a perfidious prelate" who deluded Elizabeth into tolerating the "Genevan Discipline" and thereby facilitating "the first plantation of dissenters". This attack on Grindal's memory led to
558:
Burghley wished to conciliate the moderate
Puritans and advised Grindal to mitigate the severity which had characterised Parker's treatment of the nonconformists. Grindal indeed attempted a reform of the ecclesiastical courts, but his activity was cut short by a disagreement with the Queen. Elizabeth
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shared a childhood, quite probably in St Bees. Sandys himself recalled that he and
Grindal had lived "familiarly" and "as brothers" and were only separated between Sandys's 13th and 18th Years. It is thought likely that Sandys grew up at nearby Rottington. Edwin Sandys kept one step behind Grindal in
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to persecute nonconformists whose theology was identical to his own. London, which was always a difficult see, involved Bishop Sandys in similar troubles when
Grindal had gone to York. As it was, although Parker said that Grindal "was not resolute and severe enough for the government of London", his
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to Cecil told that he had not been well received, that the gentry were not "well-affected to godly religion and among the common people many superstitious practices remained." It is admitted by his
Anglican critics that he did the work of enforcing uniformity against the Roman Catholics with
369:
Grindal benefited greatly from the patronage of Ridley and Sir
William Cecil during this period, to the extent that on 11 June 1553 he was nominated to be bishop of London. However, only a month later Edward VI was dead, and very soon Catholicism would return under
650:
said
Grindal possessed a "natural incapacity for government"; and W. P. M. Kennedy said he had "a constitutional incapacity for administration" which was Grindal's "outstanding weakness". However, in 1979 was published the first critical biography of Grindal, by
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to the council in 1570. Other anxieties were brought upon him by the burning of his cathedral in 1561, for although
Grindal himself is said to have contributed £1,200 towards its rebuilding, the laity and even the clergy of his diocese were not generous.
327:, where he graduated BA and was elected a fellow in 1538. Having obtained his MA in 1541, he was ordained deacon in 1544, appointed proctor in 1550 and was Lady Margaret preacher 1548–1549. Probably through the influence of
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508:. Grindal repeatedly raided their services and imprisoned worshippers, but generally for short spells, agreeing with the Privy Council 'to move to be conformable by gentleness'. Grindal of his own accord denounced
256:. Although Grindal historically was not regarded as a particularly notable church leader, his reputation has been revived by modern critical scholarship, which maintains he had the support of his fellow
620:, called him "the good old archbishop", "of a mild and moderate temper, easy of access and affable even in his highest exaltation", "upon the whole ... one of the best of Queen Elizabeth's bishops".
331:, who had been master of Pembroke Hall, Grindal was selected as one of the Protestant disputants during the visitation of 1549. He had a talent for this work and was often given similar tasks.
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Although
Grindal was not politically compromised by the events surrounding the accession of Mary I in October 1553, he had resigned his Westminster prebend by 10 May 1554, and made his way to
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Archbishop
Grindal's birthplace: Cross Hill, St Bees, Cumbria By John Todd and Mary Todd. Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society 1999, Vol XCIX.
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761:"Archbishop Grindal's Birthplace: Cross Hill, St. Bees Cumbria, By John and Mary Todd. Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society 1999, Vol XCIX.
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much assistance in rebuilding the shattered fabric of the English Church. Indeed he had appointed a number of Marian exiles who went on to play a major role in the resistance to Parker:
655:, who said that Grindal was neither weak nor ineffectual but had the support of his fellow bishops and led the way for how the English Church would develop in the early 17th century.
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of Elizabeth's ecclesiastical government. Firmly Protestant, he did not mind recommending that a Roman Catholic priest "might be put to some torment", and in October 1562 he wrote to
366:, Grindal distinguished himself from most of the court preachers in 1553 by denouncing the worldliness of courtiers and foretelling the evils that would follow the king's death.
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was crowned. He was soon gathered in to the body of men who would be at the centre of establishing the reformed church. He was appointed to the committee to revise the
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In 1570 Grindal became Archbishop of York, where Puritans were few and coercion would be required mainly for Roman Catholics. His first letter from his residence at
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had no time for Parker ("over pontifical and princely") and Whitgift ("stately pontifical bishop"), but praised Grindal in 1641 as "a grave and pious man".
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Grindal was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury on 26 July 1575, though there is no actual proof that the new archbishop ever visited the seat of his see,
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their subsequent careers, succeeding him as bishop of London, and then as archbishop of York. Whatever the place of early education, it is known that the
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By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it was Sacheverell's portrayal of a weak and ineffective prelate that had come to be the predominant view.
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evoked angry protests, especially in 1565, when many nonconformists were suspended. This developed into a breakaway movement that formed the
230:, culminating in his nomination as Bishop of London. However, the death of the King prevented his taking up the post, and along with other
249:. Upon Elizabeth's accession, Grindal returned and resumed his rise in the church, culminating in his appointment to the highest office.
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Peter Lake, "The Monarchical Republic of Queen Elizabeth I (and the Fall of Archbishop Grindal) revisited," in John F. McDiarmid (ed),
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He must have given general satisfaction, for even before Parker's death two persons so different as Cecil (now Lord Burghley), and
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464:, and might take occasion to mention God's judgements on him". Nevertheless, he was reluctant to execute judgements on English
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P Collinson (1971) 'E., Archbishop. Grindal and the Prophesyings', Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church,.
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226:. Though born far from the centres of political and religious power, he had risen rapidly in the church during the reign of
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By the 17th century, Grindal came to be admired by the Puritans who were experiencing persecution at the hands of
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Actes and Monuments of these Latter and Perillous Days, Touching Matters of the Church' (Foxe's Book of Martyrs)
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Quarterly or and azure, a cross or and ermine, in each quarter a dover or and azure, counterchanged of the field
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578:, Cumbria, the Foundation block. The original Elizabethan school is the range on the left of the quad.
460:, begging to know "if that second Julian, the king of Navarre, is killed; as he intended to preach at
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Grindal lacked that firm faith in the supreme importance of uniformity and autocracy which enabled
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Donald Brownrigg (2005), reprinted facsimile of John Reay's (1869) 'Visitor's Guide to St Bees'.
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779:... Patrick Collinson – "Archbishop Grindal 1519–1583 The struggle for a reformed church" 1979
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publishing his biography of Grindal, helped by a subscription list that included many leading
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John Bland was the schoolmaster of Sandys, so it is likely he would also have taught Grindal.
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When Ridley became Bishop of London, he made Grindal one of his chaplains and gave him the
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in 1656 claimed of Grindal: "Such bishops would have prevented our contentions and wars."
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1116:
The Monarchical Republic of Early Modern England: Essays in Response to Patrick Collinson
284:. However modern scholarship has shown that his birthplace was in fact Cross Hill House,
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and set the course for the development of the English Church in the early 17th century.
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The late 16th century was a time of great change in the English church, following the
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596:, neither hot nor cold, but thought Grindal had been "the best of them" in his tract
592:, who rejected episcopal church government, thought the Elizabethan bishops had been
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Grindal had qualms about vestments and other traces of "popery" as well as about the
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Peter Iver Kaufman; Journal of American Church History, Vol. 68, 1999 (Prophesyings)
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Thomas Young (1514?–1580) and finally created Bishop of London in succession to
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1152:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 604–605.
752:, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008, accessed 26 June 2013.
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1001:, "Archbishop Grindal 1519–1583: The struggle for a reformed church", 1979,
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437:. In July 1559 he was elected Master of Pembroke Hall in succession to the
398:", who regarded the 1552 Prayer Book as the perfection of reform, and the "
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1118:(Aldershot, Ashgate, 2007) (St Andrews Studies in Reformation History),
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independently recommended Grindal's appointment as his successor, and
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280:, had long held that Grindal was born in Hensingham, now a suburb of
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Grindal left considerable benefactions to Pembroke Hall, Cambridge,
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He returned to England in January 1559 in the company of his friend
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
570:
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262:
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2005:
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Conversely, Grindal came to be attacked by High Church Tories.
267:
Edmund Grindal's birthplace, Cross Hill House, St Bees, Cumbria
358:
were submitted for examination before being sanctioned by the
688:
in North London, and is credited with having introduced the
299:
His education may have started with the monks at the nearby
891:. London and New York: Hodder & Stoughton. p. 37.
677:
The most enduring monument to Grindal has proved to be the
292:. Grindal himself described his birthplace in a letter to
1025:
A General Index to the Publications of the Parker Society
993:
Life and Acts of Edmund Grindal, Archbishop of Canterbury
728:
Life and Acts of Edmund Grindal, Archbishop of Canterbury
1108:, Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church
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433:, and was one of the Protestant representatives at the
394:, where he tried to settle the disputes between the "
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indicate a person who was elected but not confirmed.
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684:Grindal also played a part in the establishment of
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642:claimed Grindal "feebly temporised with dissent";
354:, and in October 1552 was one of six to whom the
276:Tradition, as retailed by Grindal's biographer
1051:, 1558–1625, ed. W. R. W. Stephens and W. Hunt
342:. Grindal was soon promoted to be one of King
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2017:
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1106:Archbishop Grindal and the Prophesyings
841:
816:
750:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
701:
210:1519 – 6 July 1583) was
3428:Masters of Pembroke College, Cambridge
3413:Alumni of Magdalene College, Cambridge
3393:16th-century Church of England bishops
740:
738:
736:
402:", who wanted further simplification.
3423:Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge
3418:Alumni of Christ's College, Cambridge
1191:Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge
7:
1085:The Elizabethan Religious Settlement
272:Early life to the death of Edward VI
500:attempts to enforce the use of the
1094:An Historical Introduction to the
543:as the "gentle shepherd Algrind".
25:
3448:16th-century Anglican theologians
2671:List of archbishops of Canterbury
710:"Encyclopedia of the Black Death"
555:, not even for his enthronement.
526:good-will and considerable tact.
1168:Post-Reformation Digital Library
1122:
1043:History of the Church of England
1013:Dictionary of National Biography
646:called him "infirm of purpose";
2537:Edward Venables-Vernon-Harcourt
82:
1953:Henry Montgomery Campbell
746:Grindal, Edmund (1516x20–1583)
1:
1558:William of Sainte-Mère-Église
1099:. London: Archibald Constable
1049:History of the English Church
414:Arms of Grindal of Cumbria -
207:
138:
1038:Cal. of Hatfield manuscripts
914:The Journey to the Mayflower
889:The Journey to the Mayflower
797:"Grindal, Edmund (GRNL519E)"
1061:(current), St Bees History
865:Hatfield manuscripts i. 269
801:A Cambridge Alumni Database
692:tree to the British Isles.
660:the Queen's College, Oxford
635:politicians and churchmen.
241:. Grindal sought refuge in
184:Christ's College, Cambridge
3464:
3443:Burials at Croydon Minster
803:. University of Cambridge.
3403:Archbishops of Canterbury
3360:
2668:
2662:Archbishops of Canterbury
1277:
1268:
1260:
1249:
1241:
1231:
1222:
1214:
1207:
1197:
1188:
1180:
1175:
1136:Pollard, Albert Frederick
887:Tomkins, Stephen (2020).
506:London Underground Church
54:
47:
1938:Arthur Winnington-Ingram
1271:Archbishop of Canterbury
1209:Church of England titles
1071:Cambridge Modern History
877:, 1547–1580, p. 209
616:a century later, in his
547:Archbishop of Canterbury
540:The Shepheardes Calender
325:Pembroke Hall, Cambridge
315:Grindal was educated at
234:, he was a supporter of
220:Archbishop of Canterbury
159:6 July 1583 (aged 63-64)
49:Archbishop of Canterbury
27:Archbishop of Canterbury
3292:Archibald Campbell Tait
1918:Archibald Campbell Tait
1913:Charles James Blomfield
1164:Works by Edmund Grindal
1149:Encyclopædia Britannica
618:History of the Puritans
537:spoke warmly of him in
3272:Charles Manners-Sutton
3203:Episcopacy abolished (
2468:Episcopacy abolished (
2380:Christopher Bainbridge
2220:Roger de Pont L'Évêque
1836:Episcopacy abolished (
1732:During the Reformation
579:
435:Westminster conference
418:
268:
254:Elizabethan settlement
2977:John of Sittingbourne
2927:Reginald Fitz Jocelin
1563:Eustace of Fauconberg
1543:Richard de Belmeis II
574:
468:, and failed to give
413:
323:colleges and then at
266:
3262:Frederick Cornwallis
2557:William Connor Magee
2502:Sir William Dawes Bt
2225:Geoffrey Plantagenet
1628:Richard de Wentworth
1520:Richard de Belmeis I
1083:Henry Norbert Birt,
1047:W. H. Frere (1904),
1023:Henry Gough (1855),
744:Patrick Collinson, ‘
390:. In 1554 he was in
245:during the reign of
222:during the reign of
3433:People from St Bees
3408:Archbishops of York
3297:Edward White Benson
2527:Robert Hay Drummond
2507:Lancelot Blackburne
2280:Thomas of Corbridge
2265:William de Wickwane
2215:William FitzHerbert
2205:William FitzHerbert
2034:Archbishops of York
1883:Richard Osbaldeston
1525:Gilbert Universalis
340:St Paul's Cathedral
3080:William Whittlesey
3058:Thomas Bradwardine
3001:William Chillenden
2990:Edmund of Abingdon
2894:William de Corbeil
2855:Robert of Jumièges
2830:Ælfric of Abingdon
2725:Theodore of Tarsus
2285:William Greenfield
1638:Michael Northburgh
1505:William the Norman
1484:Robert of Jumièges
1252:Archbishop of York
1079:Elizabethan Clergy
940:Collinson, p. 283.
580:
517:Archbishop of York
425:, on the day that
419:
356:Forty-Two Articles
269:
243:continental Europe
216:Archbishop of York
3398:Bishops of London
3370:
3369:
3090:William Courtenay
3046:John de Stratford
3024:Robert Winchelsey
2910:Roger de Bailleul
2628:
2627:
2615:(acting diocesan)
2320:Richard le Scrope
2305:Alexander Neville
1999:
1998:
1933:Mandell Creighton
1853:Humphrey Henchman
1723:Cuthbert Tunstall
1718:Richard FitzJames
1653:Robert Braybrooke
1648:William Courtenay
1623:Stephen Gravesend
1603:Richard Gravesend
1588:Henry of Sandwich
1538:Robert de Sigello
1320:Bishops of London
1287:
1286:
1278:Succeeded by
1232:Succeeded by
1198:Succeeded by
1176:Academic offices
1103:Stanford Lehmberg
1096:Marprelate Tracts
999:Patrick Collinson
960:"St. Bees School"
949:Collinson, p. 18.
931:Collinson, p. 17.
875:Domestic Calendar
653:Patrick Collinson
644:Mandell Creighton
625:Henry Sacheverell
510:Thomas Cartwright
346:'s chaplains and
294:Sir William Cecil
201:
200:
68:Church of England
37:The Most Reverend
16:(Redirected from
3455:
3307:Randall Davidson
3302:Frederick Temple
3282:John Bird Sumner
3222:William Sancroft
3188:Richard Bancroft
3166:Post-Reformation
3125:Thomas Bourchier
3069:William Edington
3007:Robert Kilwardby
2964:Richard le Grant
2958:Walter d'Eynsham
2921:Baldwin of Forde
2916:Richard of Dover
2655:
2648:
2641:
2632:
2620:Stephen Cottrell
2562:William Maclagan
2448:George Montaigne
2394:Post-Reformation
2370:Thomas Rotherham
2300:John of Thoresby
2185:Thomas of Bayeux
2072:John of Beverley
2026:
2019:
2012:
2003:
1978:Richard Chartres
1928:Frederick Temple
1821:George Montaigne
1796:Richard Bancroft
1791:Richard Fletcher
1769:Post-Reformation
1668:Richard Clifford
1663:Nicholas Bubwith
1553:Richard FitzNeal
1313:
1306:
1299:
1290:
1261:Preceded by
1242:Preceded by
1225:Bishop of London
1215:Preceded by
1181:Preceded by
1173:
1153:
1128:
1126:
1125:
975:
974:
972:
970:
956:
950:
947:
941:
938:
932:
929:
918:
917:
912:Tomkins (2020).
909:
903:
902:
884:
878:
872:
866:
863:
857:
851:
845:
839:
820:
814:
805:
804:
793:
787:
777:
762:
759:
753:
742:
731:
720:
714:
713:
706:
490:Alexander Nowell
406:Bishop of London
212:Bishop of London
209:
197:
140:
130:Personal details
120:21 December 1559
59:
32:
21:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3356:
3322:Geoffrey Fisher
3287:Charles Longley
3217:Gilbert Sheldon
3161:
3036:Walter Reynolds
2952:Stephen Langton
2899:Theobald of Bec
2889:Ralph d'Escures
2864:
2673:
2664:
2659:
2629:
2624:
2552:William Thomson
2547:Charles Longley
2542:Thomas Musgrave
2532:William Markham
2492:Thomas Lamplugh
2477:Accepted Frewen
2453:Samuel Harsnett
2395:
2389:
2345:Richard Fleming
2275:Henry of Newark
2250:William Langton
2087:
2086:Pre-Reformation
2081:
2036:
2030:
2000:
1995:
1958:Robert Stopford
1943:Geoffrey Fisher
1888:Richard Terrick
1873:Thomas Sherlock
1848:Gilbert Sheldon
1801:Richard Vaughan
1764:
1752:Nicholas Ridley
1727:
1683:Robert FitzHugh
1633:Ralph Stratford
1618:Richard Newport
1613:Gilbert Segrave
1510:Hugh d'Orevalle
1493:
1322:
1317:
1283:
1274:
1266:
1255:
1247:
1237:
1228:
1220:
1203:
1194:
1186:
1160:
1140:Grindal, Edmund
1134:
1123:
1121:
984:
979:
978:
968:
966:
958:
957:
953:
948:
944:
939:
935:
930:
921:
911:
910:
906:
899:
886:
885:
881:
873:
869:
864:
860:
852:
848:
840:
823:
815:
808:
795:
794:
790:
778:
765:
760:
756:
743:
734:
721:
717:
708:
707:
703:
698:
686:Highgate School
584:Archbishop Laud
576:St. Bees School
569:
561:Croydon Minster
549:
519:
462:St Paul's Cross
408:
380:
362:. According to
329:Nicholas Ridley
274:
160:
151:
142:
121:
43:
40:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3461:
3459:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3375:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3347:Rowan Williams
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3327:Michael Ramsey
3324:
3319:
3317:William Temple
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3277:William Howley
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3252:Matthew Hutton
3249:
3247:Thomas Herring
3244:
3239:
3234:
3232:Thomas Tenison
3229:
3227:John Tillotson
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3178:Edmund Grindal
3175:
3173:Matthew Parker
3169:
3167:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3152:Thomas Cranmer
3149:
3147:William Warham
3144:
3139:
3136:Thomas Langton
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3110:Henry Chichele
3107:
3105:Thomas Arundel
3102:
3097:
3095:Thomas Arundel
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3052:John de Ufford
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3013:Robert Burnell
3009:
3004:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2961:
2954:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2930:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2875:
2873:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2650:
2643:
2635:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2582:Michael Ramsey
2579:
2574:
2572:William Temple
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2517:Matthew Hutton
2514:
2512:Thomas Herring
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2482:Richard Sterne
2479:
2474:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2443:Tobias Matthew
2440:
2438:Matthew Hutton
2435:
2430:
2425:
2423:Edmund Grindal
2420:
2415:
2413:Nicholas Heath
2410:
2408:Robert Holgate
2405:
2399:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2365:Lawrence Booth
2362:
2360:George Neville
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2325:Thomas Langley
2322:
2317:
2312:
2310:Thomas Arundel
2307:
2302:
2297:
2295:William Zouche
2292:
2290:William Melton
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2270:John le Romeyn
2267:
2262:
2260:Walter Giffard
2257:
2252:
2247:
2245:Godfrey Ludham
2242:
2240:Sewal de Bovil
2237:
2235:Walter de Gray
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2091:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2048:
2046:
2038:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2006:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1991:Sarah Mullally
1988:
1984:Pete Broadbent
1980:
1975:
1970:
1968:Graham Leonard
1965:
1963:Gerald Ellison
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1908:William Howley
1905:
1900:
1898:Beilby Porteus
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1842:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1776:Edmund Grindal
1772:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1754:
1749:
1741:
1739:John Stokesley
1735:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1713:William Barons
1710:
1708:William Warham
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1688:Robert Gilbert
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1583:Richard Talbot
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1548:Gilbert Foliot
1545:
1540:
1535:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1328:
1327:Post-Augustine
1324:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1293:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1276:
1267:
1264:Matthew Parker
1262:
1258:
1257:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1230:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1201:Matthew Hutton
1199:
1196:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1159:
1158:External links
1156:
1155:
1154:
1144:Chisholm, Hugh
1119:
1112:
1109:
1100:
1090:William Pierce
1087:
1081:
1075:
1067:
1064:
1055:
1052:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1028:
1021:
1016:
1009:
996:
983:
980:
977:
976:
951:
942:
933:
919:
904:
897:
879:
867:
858:
846:
844:, p. 605.
821:
819:, p. 604.
806:
788:
763:
754:
732:
715:
700:
699:
697:
694:
679:St Bees School
610:Richard Baxter
606:William Prynne
599:Of Reformation
568:
565:
548:
545:
535:Edmund Spenser
518:
515:
486:James Calfhill
470:Matthew Parker
407:
404:
386:as one of the
379:
376:
301:St Bees Priory
273:
270:
204:Edmund Grindal
199:
198:
191:
187:
186:
181:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
157:
153:
152:
143:
136:
132:
131:
127:
126:
124:Matthew Parker
118:
114:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
96:Matthew Parker
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
52:
51:
45:
44:
42:Edmund Grindal
41:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3460:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3438:Marian exiles
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3364:
3359:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3337:Robert Runcie
3335:
3333:
3332:Donald Coggan
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3257:Thomas Secker
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3212:William Juxon
3210:
3208:
3206:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3183:John Whitgift
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3158:
3157:Reginald Pole
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3115:John Stafford
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3085:Simon Sudbury
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3075:Simon Langham
3073:
3071:
3070:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3041:Simon Mepeham
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3030:Thomas Cobham
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2970:Ralph Neville
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2934:
2933:Hubert Walter
2931:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2905:
2904:Thomas Becket
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2867:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2676:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2651:
2649:
2644:
2642:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2613:Paul Ferguson
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2592:Stuart Blanch
2590:
2588:
2587:Donald Coggan
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2577:Cyril Garbett
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
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2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2466:
2464:
2463:John Williams
2461:
2459:
2458:Richard Neile
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
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2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2392:
2386:
2385:Thomas Wolsey
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2375:Thomas Savage
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2355:William Booth
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2340:Philip Morgan
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2330:Robert Hallam
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2315:Robert Waldby
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2230:Simon Langton
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2170:Ælfric Puttoc
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
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2092:
2090:
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2020:
2015:
2013:
2008:
2007:
2004:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
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1944:
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1931:
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1926:
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1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1903:John Randolph
1901:
1899:
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1881:
1879:
1878:Thomas Hayter
1876:
1874:
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1868:Edmund Gibson
1866:
1864:
1863:John Robinson
1861:
1859:
1858:Henry Compton
1856:
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1844:William Juxon
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1608:Ralph Baldock
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1593:John Chishull
1591:
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1578:Henry Wingham
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1498:Post-Conquest
1496:
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1291:
1282:
1281:John Whitgift
1273:
1272:
1265:
1259:
1254:
1253:
1246:
1240:
1236:
1227:
1226:
1219:
1218:Edmund Bonner
1213:
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1193:
1192:
1185:
1179:
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1169:
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1131:public domain
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1033:Privy Council
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1017:
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1007:0-224-01703-9
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916:. p. 89.
915:
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898:9781473649101
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724:
719:
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695:
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682:
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674:and Croydon.
673:
669:
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497:John Whitgift
493:
491:
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483:
479:
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467:
463:
459:
458:William Cecil
455:
450:
448:
444:
443:Edmund Bonner
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
417:
412:
405:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:Marian exiles
385:
377:
375:
373:
367:
365:
361:
360:Privy Council
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
336:precentorship
332:
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318:
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310:Marian martyr
306:
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
271:
265:
261:
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248:
244:
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233:
232:Marian exiles
229:
225:
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217:
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205:
196:
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106:John Whitgift
104:
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79:
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72:
69:
66:
62:
58:
53:
50:
46:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3383:1510s births
3362:
3352:Justin Welby
3342:George Carey
3237:William Wake
3205:Commonwealth
3202:
3198:William Laud
3193:George Abbot
3177:
3134:
3100:Roger Walden
3067:
3050:
3028:
3019:John Peckham
3011:
2999:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2956:
2946:John de Gray
2944:
2937:
2925:
2908:
2869:Conquest to
2717:
2611:
2607:John Sentamu
2597:John Habgood
2522:John Gilbert
2470:Commonwealth
2467:
2428:Edwin Sandys
2422:
2418:Thomas Young
2210:Henry Murdac
2032:Bishops and
1982:
1948:William Wand
1923:John Jackson
1893:Robert Lowth
1838:Commonwealth
1835:
1826:William Laud
1811:George Abbot
1806:Thomas Ravis
1781:Edwin Sandys
1775:
1759:
1746:
1698:Richard Hill
1693:Thomas Kempe
1678:William Grey
1658:Roger Walden
1598:Fulke Lovell
1532:
1269:
1250:
1245:Thomas Young
1235:Edwin Sandys
1223:
1189:
1147:
1115:
1105:
1093:
1084:
1078:
1069:
1058:
1057:Douglas Sim
1048:
1042:
1031:Acts of the
1030:
1024:
1011:
992:
967:. Retrieved
963:
954:
945:
936:
913:
907:
888:
882:
874:
870:
861:
854:
849:
842:Pollard 1911
817:Pollard 1911
800:
791:
757:
749:
727:
718:
704:
683:
676:
657:
648:Walter Frere
637:
622:
617:
604:
597:
588:
581:
557:
550:
538:
528:
520:
494:
482:John Pullain
474:Thomas Huyck
451:
423:Edwin Sandys
420:
415:
381:
368:
333:
314:
305:Edwin Sandys
298:
275:
251:
203:
202:
117:Consecration
29:
3388:1583 deaths
3242:John Potter
3142:Henry Deane
3130:John Morton
3063:Simon Islip
2871:Reformation
2487:John Dolben
2396:archbishops
2335:Henry Bowet
2255:Bonaventure
2165:Wulfstan II
2135:Hrotheweard
2088:archbishops
2043:Reformation
1786:John Aylmer
1573:Fulk Basset
1568:Roger Niger
1394:Heathoberht
1027:. Cambridge
988:John Strype
723:John Strype
629:John Strype
614:Daniel Neal
590:John Milton
531:Dean Nowell
478:Thomas Cole
454:Erastianism
427:Elizabeth I
352:Westminster
278:John Strype
224:Elizabeth I
92:Predecessor
3377:Categories
3312:Cosmo Lang
3267:John Moore
2984:John Blund
2602:David Hope
2567:Cosmo Lang
2497:John Sharp
2433:John Piers
2403:Edward Lee
2140:Wulfstan I
2110:Eanbald II
2077:Wilfrid II
1973:David Hope
1489:Spearhafoc
1434:Æthelweard
1349:Earconwald
1275:1576–1583
1256:1570–1576
1229:1559–1570
1195:1559–1561
1184:John Young
982:References
668:Canterbury
640:Sidney Lee
594:Laodiceans
553:Canterbury
384:Strasbourg
348:prebendary
290:Cumberland
282:Whitehaven
239:Puritanism
179:Alma mater
149:Cumberland
78:Canterbury
3120:John Kemp
2845:Æthelnoth
2810:Byrhthelm
2770:Feologild
2760:Æthelhard
2750:Bregowine
2730:Berhtwald
2713:Deusdedit
2688:Augustine
2350:John Kemp
2195:Thomas II
2130:Æthelbald
2105:Eanbald I
2100:Æthelbert
1816:John King
1673:John Kemp
1533:(quashed)
1449:Brihthelm
1419:Swithwulf
1409:Ceolberht
1404:Æthelnoth
1138:(1911). "
1074:vol. iii.
602:of 1641.
447:John Foxe
392:Frankfurt
364:John Knox
344:Edward VI
317:Magdalene
236:Calvinist
228:Edward VI
190:Signature
102:Successor
87:1576–1583
84:In office
2995:Boniface
2939:Reginald
2879:Lanfranc
2820:Æthelgar
2795:Wulfhelm
2785:Plegmund
2780:Æthelred
2775:Ceolnoth
2755:Jænberht
2745:Cuthbert
2740:Nothhelm
2708:Honorius
2698:Mellitus
2693:Laurence
2680:Conquest
2200:Thurstan
2175:Cynesige
2160:Ealdwulf
2125:Wulfhere
2115:Wulfsige
2052:Paulinus
1986:(Acting)
1479:Ælfweard
1464:Wulfstan
1444:Theodred
1439:Leofstan
1429:Wulfsige
1424:Heahstan
1414:Deorwulf
1384:Coenwalh
1374:Eadberht
1354:Waldhere
1334:Mellitus
1041:Dixon's
990:(1710),
969:27 April
853:Foxe J,
725:(1710),
690:tamarisk
502:surplice
466:Puritans
439:recusant
400:Knoxians
321:Christ's
122:by
3363:Italics
2860:Stigand
2850:Eadsige
2835:Ælfheah
2825:Sigeric
2815:Dunstan
2805:Ælfsige
2765:Wulfred
2735:Tatwine
2719:Wighard
2180:Ealdred
2145:Oscytel
2120:Wigmund
2062:Wilfrid
2045:bishops
1515:Maurice
1459:Ælfstan
1454:Dunstan
1389:Eadbald
1369:Wigheah
1364:Ecgwulf
1359:Ingwald
1146:(ed.).
1133::
1092:(1909)
672:Lambeth
664:St Bees
431:liturgy
396:Coxians
286:St Bees
258:bishops
172:Croydon
145:St Bees
74:Diocese
18:Grindal
2884:Anselm
2840:Lyfing
2790:Athelm
2703:Justus
2190:Gerard
2155:Oswald
2150:Edwald
2095:Egbert
1530:Anselm
1474:Ælfwig
1469:Ælfhun
1399:Osmund
1379:Eadgar
1142:". In
1127:
1077:Gee's
1059:et al.
1005:
964:Ofsted
895:
783:
567:Legacy
523:Cawood
372:Mary I
247:Mary I
218:, and
168:Buried
162:London
112:Orders
64:Church
1760:(2nd)
1747:(1st)
696:Notes
378:Exile
2678:Pre-
2067:Bosa
2057:Chad
2041:Pre-
1344:Wine
1339:Cedd
1003:ISBN
971:2020
893:ISBN
781:ISBN
633:Whig
319:and
156:Died
141:1519
135:Born
2800:Oda
1166:at
748:’,
350:of
338:of
3379::
962:.
922:^
824:^
809:^
799:.
766:^
735:^
670:,
666:,
586:.
563:.
492:.
488:,
484:,
480:,
476:,
449:.
374:.
288:,
214:,
208:c.
147:,
139:c.
3207:)
2654:e
2647:t
2640:v
2472:)
2025:e
2018:t
2011:v
1840:)
1312:e
1305:t
1298:v
973:.
901:.
712:.
206:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
