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and sell their works on display. Nationally renowned musicians as well as the best of the regional mountain musicians share six different stages located throughout the downtown area of
Pikeville. Aspiring hillbillies from across the nation compete to come up with the wildest Hillbilly outfit. The event has earned its name as the Mardi Gras of the Mountains. Fans of "mountain music" come from around the United States to hear this annual concentrated gathering of talent.
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The stereotyping also has political implications for the region. There is a sense of "perceived history" that prevents many political issues from receiving adequate attention. Appalachians are often blamed for economic struggles. "Moonshiners, welfare cheats, and coal miners" are stereotypes stemming
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Pop culture has perpetuated the "hillbilly" stereotype. Scholarly works suggest that the media has exploited both the
Appalachian region and people by classifying them as "hillbillies". These generalizations do not match the cultural experiences of Appalachians. Appalachians, like many other groups,
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is twofold in that it incorporates both positive and negative traits: "Hillbillies" are often considered independent and self-reliant individuals who resist the modernization of society, but at the same time they are also defined as backward and violent. Scholars argue this duality is reflective of
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celebrating the best of
Appalachian culture. The event began by local Shriners as a fundraiser to support the Shriners Children's Hospital. It has grown since its beginning in 1976 and now is the second largest festival held in the state of Kentucky. Artists and craftspeople showcase their talents
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The "hillbilly music" categorization covers a wide variety of musical genres including bluegrass, country, western, and gospel. Appalachian folk song existed long before the "hillbilly" label. When the commercial industry was combined with "traditional
Appalachian folksong", "hillbilly music" was
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The hillbilly stereotype is considered to have had a traumatizing effect on some in the
Appalachian region. Feelings of shame, self-hatred, and detachment are cited as a result of "culturally transmitted traumatic stress syndrome". Appalachian scholars say that the large-scale stereotyping has
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displayed the "hillbilly" lifestyle for viewers in the United States. This sparked protests across the country with rural-minded individuals gathering to fight the stereotype. The Center for Rural
Strategies started a nationwide campaign stating the stereotype was "politically incorrect". The
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However, the term has also been used repeatedly by outsiders to systematically denigrate
Appalachian natives and other rural people. To many native Appalachians, an outsider calling them "hillbilly" is highly offensive and the term is one of the oldest epithets in use in the United States.
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and his family, the
Sawyers, portray a particularly violent "Hillbilly" stereotype that is common in horror films. The Texas Chainsaw Massacre movie series is thought to have paved the way for the countless horror films featuring deranged and often
917:. Positive self-identification with the term generally includes identification with a set of "hillbilly values" including love and respect for nature, strong work ethic, generosity toward neighbors and those in need, family ties, self-reliance, resiliency, and a simple lifestyle.
289:", brought these previously isolated communities into mainstream United States culture. In response, poor white mountaineers became central characters in newspapers, pamphlets, and eventually, motion pictures. Authors at the time were inspired by historical figures such as
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pushed farther west, the region retained frontier characteristics. The
Appalachian people themselves were perceived as backward, quick to violence, and inbred in their isolation. Fueled by news stories of mountain feuds such as that in the 1880s between the
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read, "In this day of hypersensitivity to diversity and political correctness, Appalachians have been a group that it is still socially acceptable to demean and joke about... But rural folks have spoken up and said 'enough' to the
Hollywood mockers."
321:. One of the issues associated with stereotyping is that it is profitable. When "hillbilly" became a widely used term, entrepreneurs saw a window for potential revenue. They "recycled" the image and brought it to life through various forms of media.
239:. At this time, the country was developing both technologically and socially, but the Appalachian region was falling behind. Before the war, Appalachia was not distinctively different from other rural areas of the country. Post-war, although the
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where he was in conflict with Boyd Crowder, a drug dealer who had grown up with Raylan. The show's plots often included "hillbilly" tropes such as dimwitted and easily manipulated men, use of homemade drugs, and snake-handling revivalists.
172:, Protestant supporters of William III ("King Billy") were referred to as "Billy's Boys" because 'Billy' is a diminutive of 'William' (common across both Britain and Ireland). In time the term hillbilly became synonymous with the
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rewritten Appalachian history, making Appalachians feel particularly vulnerable. "Hillbilly" has now become part of Appalachian identity and some Appalachians feel they are constantly defending themselves against this image.
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in recent years it has sometimes been supposed that was coined to refer to followers of King William III and brought to America by early Ulster emigrants, but this derivation is almost certainly incorrect. ... In America
133:. In Scotland, the term "hill-folk" referred to people who preferred isolation from the greater society, and "billy" meant "comrade" or "companion". The words "hill-folk" and "Billie" were combined and applied to the
682:, but now it was used to describe traditional Appalachian music. Appalachians had never used this term to describe their own music. Popular songs whose style bore characteristics of both hillbilly and
572:. Both protestors argued that the discrimination of any other group in United States would not be tolerated, so neither should the discrimination against rural U.S. citizens. A 2003 piece published by
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Chamber of Commerce once presented dignitaries visiting the city with an "Ozark Hillbilly Medallion" and a certificate proclaiming the honoree a "hillbilly of the Ozarks". On June 7, 1952, President
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Many video games feature plots, subplots or characters that utilize the Hillbilly stereotype for narrative purposes and cultural signifiers. Some notable examples of this include the
108:, who lives in the hills, has no means to speak of, dresses as he can, talks as he pleases, drinks whiskey when he gets it, and fires off his revolver as the fancy takes him". The
667:. The recordings were labeled "made for Hillbilly" in the Gennett files and were marketed to a white audience. Columbia Records had much success with the "Hill Billies" featuring
506:. An early example of this character was Whiskers Savage (born Edward Civil, 1899â1967) who was promoted as a "bumpkin" persona as early as 1928. During the 1960s and 1970s, two
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the split ethnic identities in white America. The term's later usage extended beyond solely white communities, exemplified with the "Hispanic hillbillies of northern
266:. The period of Appalachian out-migration, roughly from the 1930s through the 1950s, saw many mountain residents moving north to the Midwestern industrial cities of
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regularly lampooned the stereotypical "hillbilly" lifestyle. A darker negative image of the hillbilly was introduced to another generation in the film
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The usage of the term hillbilly as a descriptor receives mixed perceptions, often in part due to the nature in which it is used. It may be used in
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728:) and fans were offended by the "hillbilly music" label. While the term is not used as frequently today, it is still used on occasion to refer to
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formed. Some argue this is a "High Culture" issue where sophisticated individuals may see something considered "unsophisticated" as "trash".
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By the late-1940s, radio stations started to use the "hillbilly music" label. Originally, "hillbilly" was used to describe fiddlers and
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The term "Hillbilly" has been used with pride by a number of people within the region as well as famous persons, such as singer
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in the 17th century. Many further migrated to the American colonies beginning in the 1730s, and in America became known as the
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Despite the political and social difficulties associated with stereotyping, Appalachians have organized to enact change. The
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cannibalistic "Hillbillies" that have since become a staple of the horror genre.
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fled to the hills of southern Scotland in the late 17th century to avoid persecution for their religious beliefs.
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has been said to serve as a barrier for addressing some serious issues such as the economy and the environment.
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broadcasts a popular weekly radio show entitled "Hillbilly at Harvard". The show is devoted to playing a mix of
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A family of "Hill People", who are employed as migrant workers on a farm in 1952 Arkansas, have a major role in
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about the Appalachian values of his upbringing and their relationship to the social problems of his hometown,
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549:"Hillbillies" were at the center of reality television in the 21st century. Network television shows such as
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is sometimes considered to be an example of one effort that allowed for Appalachian community organization.
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In the early-20th century, artists began to utilize the "hillbilly" label. The term gained momentum due to
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were settled in the 18th century by settlers primarily from England, lowland Scotland, and the province of
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490:(2010â2015) was centered around deputy U. S. Marshal Raylan Givens who was reassigned to his hometown in
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Similar "evil hillbilly people"-type have also been seen in a more comical light in the 1988 horror film
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Television and film have portrayed "hillbillies" in both derogatory and sympathetic terms. Films such as
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297:. The mountaineer image transferred over to the 20th century where the "hillbilly" stereotype emerged.
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series portrayed the "hillbilly" as wild but good-natured. Television programs of the 1960s such as
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Newcomb, Horace (1979). "Appalachia on Television: Region as Symbol in American Popular Culture".
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The "classic" hillbilly stereotype reached its current characterization during the years of the
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was a prominent player of rockabilly and was known early in his career as the "Hillbilly Cat".
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article containing the definition: "a Hill-Billie is a free and untrammeled white citizen of
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African Banjo Echoes in Appalachia: A Study of Folk Tradition (1995), by Cecelia Conway
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Grappling With Diversity Readings On Civil Rights Pedagogy and Critical Multiculturalism
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movements, protests, and strikes are common in the area, though not always successful.
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Festus Haggen was portrayed as intelligent and quick-witted (but lacking "education").
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This article is about "hillbilly" as a slang term. For the historical subculture, see
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was first attested only in 1898, which suggests a later, independent development."
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Hawthorne, Julian (April 23, 1900). "Mountain Votes Spoil Huntington's Revenge".
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both portrayed "country boys" in overalls and carrying lucky horseshoes. In the
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although this term is inaccurate as they were also of Northern English descent.
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Kentucky-based organization engaged political figures in the movement such as
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Dessauer, Phil "Springfield, Mo.-Radio City of Country Music" (April, 1957),
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received the medallion after a breakfast speech at the Shrine Mosque for the
248:, the hillbilly stereotype developed in the late 19th to early 20th century.
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king of England, Ireland and Scotland. In 17th century Ireland, during the
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309:"Hillbilly shot glass" inscribed on a wooden shot glass at a gift shop in
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was at one time considered an acceptable label for what is now known as
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The term "hillbilly" is Scottish in origin but is not derived from its
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gradually fell out of use. The music industry merged hillbilly music,
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From Ulster to America: The Scotch-Irish Heritage of American English
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From Ulster to America: The Scotch-Irish Heritage of American English
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The Monster Always Returns: American Horror Films and Their Remakes
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1010:"Geographic Discrimination: Of Place, Space, Hillbillies, and Home"
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A customized pickup truck called "Hillbilly Heaven", on display in
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even parodies hillbilly stereotyping. More recently, the TV series
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The comics portrayed hillbilly stereotypes, notably in two strips,
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When the Country Music Association was founded in 1958, the term
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Billings, Dwight B.; Norman, Gurney; Ledford, Katherine (2000).
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This movement to Northern society, which became known as the "
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Some scholars disagree with this theory. Michael Montgomery's
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94:(vol. ix, July 1892), an 1899 photograph of men and women in
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Green, Archie (1965). "Hillbilly Music: Source and Symbol".
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Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis
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from the greater hillbilly stereotype in the region. This
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followed with their song "Hillbilly Boogie". In 1927, the
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The first known instances of "hillbilly" in print were in
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The term "hillbilly" spread in the years following the
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usually Indigenous, regarded as primitive/uncivilized
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as a point of pride, while others consider its usage
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The Pop, Rock and Soul Reader: Histories and Debates
1230:"Brutal Saviours of the Black Patch | History Today"
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1558:"'Hillbilly at Harvard' hosts heady hoedown weekly"
4554:(sometimes used against other semi-nomadic groups)
1503:
1263:Back Talk from Appalachia: Confronting Stereotypes
72:. As people migrated out of the region during the
1080:Hillbilly: A Cultural History of an American Icon
1008:Rhee, William; Scott, Stephen (1 December 2018).
651:entitled one of their songs "Hillbilly Rose" and
1867:Social and economic stratification in Appalachia
1354:""7. Cannibal Hillbillies and Backwoods Horror""
1323:"Hillbilly Elegy: Culture, Circumstance, Agency"
251:The term "hillbilly" was used by members of the
628:. The label, coined in 1925 by country pianist
1481:. Albany: State University of New York Press.
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8:
1208:. Ulster Historical Foundation. p. 82.
372:, with Grisham trying to avoid stereotypes.
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897:is an annual festival held in mid-April in
534:, led a faction of "hillbillies" including
498:"Hillbillies" became a frequent gimmick in
336:. Both characters were introduced in 1934.
259:farmers who did not join the organization.
176:who settled in the hills of North America.
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502:, usually portrayed as simple but amiable
432:The popular 1970s television variety show
1083:(1st ed.). Oxford University Press.
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1068:
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137:who followed the teachings of a militant
717:, to form the current category C&W,
40:
4808:European-American culture in Appalachia
4793:American people of Scotch-Irish descent
3332:Maritime Southeast Asian-origin Indians
997:
856:Association. Other recipients included
212:. The settlers from Ulster were mainly
1821:Paint CreekâCabin Creek strike of 1912
1077:Harkins, Anthony (November 20, 2003).
216:who migrated to Ireland from Lowland
98:labeled "Camp Hillbilly", and a 1900
87:, especially when used as an insult.
7:
1564:. Harvard University. Archived from
663:, made a recording of black fiddler
3132:(to Japan-affiliated Korean people)
1412:"Where Are They Now? Hillbilly Jim"
3211:American-Born Confused Desi (ABCD)
840:Intragroup versus intergroup usage
478:, but the 2010 horror comedy film
152:Many of the early settlers of the
56:is a term for people who dwell in
34:. For different connotations, see
27:Stereotype of some rural Americans
25:
4803:Pejorative terms for white people
1410:Murphy, Ryan (December 8, 2010).
1321:Aaron M. Renn (August 23, 2016).
4718:Non-Anglo immigrant to Australia
1708:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
1266:. University Press of Kentucky.
1182:"Hillbillies in the White House"
384:Buddy Ebsen and Irene Ryan from
253:Planter's Protection Association
3706:Cheese-eating surrender monkeys
617:playing hill-billy songs (1939)
92:The Railroad Trainmen's Journal
4828:Stereotypes of white Americans
4303:Jewish-American princess (JAP)
2834:non-Spanish speaking Hispanics
1877:Childbirth in rural Appalachia
1:
4818:Scotch-Irish American history
4208:eastern and central europeans
3582:English-speaking Welsh people
2078:John Gordon (militia captain)
1782:Battle of the Grapevine Creek
632:, persisted until the 1950s.
605:Western music (North America)
317:do not subscribe to a single
2157:The Hatfields and the McCoys
2131:Moonshine in popular culture
1686:in the Eastern United States
1352:KnĂśppler, Christian (2017).
1204:Montgomery, Michael (2006).
1148:Journal of American Folklore
643:, the recording director of
551:The Real Beverly Hillbillies
4823:Stereotypes of rural people
4798:American regional nicknames
4613:Fresh off the boat / F.O.B.
2869:Central and South Americans
1051:Online Etymology Dictionary
530:, depicted as a protegĂŠ of
461:The Texas Chainsaw Massacre
60:, mountainous areas in the
4844:
2017:Cumberland Gap (folk song)
1562:Harvard University Gazette
1508:. In Eric Weisbard (ed.).
686:music were referred to as
586:
481:Tucker & Dale vs. Evil
29:
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2012:Cripple Creek (folk song)
1992:Blackberry Blossom (tune)
1811:Kentucky County, Virginia
1680:
1366:10.1515/9783839437353-010
3223:westernized South Asians
1846:1920 Alabama coal strike
1758:Battle of Blair Mountain
1514:Harvard University Press
1014:West Virginia Law Review
510:wrestlers (and frequent
2977:westernized East Asians
2935:westernized East Asians
2320:Black American princess
2109:Appalachian stereotypes
1841:West Virginia coal wars
931:Appalachian stereotypes
673:Fiddlin' Charlie Bowman
575:The Cincinnati Enquirer
417:The Beverly Hillbillies
386:The Beverly Hillbillies
156:were from Scotland and
117:", in reference to the
4430:Indigenous Australians
2056:Historical individuals
1502:Sanjek, David (2004).
1378:– via Degruyter.
891:
724:Some artists (notably
618:
500:professional wrestling
446:novel of the same name
411:The Andy Griffith Show
389:
344:(2016) is a memoir by
313:
160:and were followers of
119:Hispanos of New Mexico
50:
4747:non-Jewish boy or man
4362:Rootless cosmopolitan
1872:Appalachian Americans
1730:Kanawha Valley people
1714:Chestnut Ridge people
1684:Appalachian Mountains
886:
846:Springfield, Missouri
812:Cultural implications
793:Red Dead Redemption 2
612:
383:
308:
202:Appalachian Mountains
44:
3635:Scottish Highlanders
3566:Welsh-speaking elite
2616:Hillbilly / Hilljack
2571:of European descent)
2168:Part of a series on
2022:East Tennessee Blues
1987:Appalachian dulcimer
1908:Appalachian folk art
1773:FrenchâEversole feud
1475:Pate, Susan (2008).
1234:www.historytoday.com
951:List of ethnic slurs
653:the Delmore Brothers
613:Migrant family from
475:The Moonlight Sonata
464:and its sequels has
246:Hatfields and McCoys
226:Plantation of Ulster
147:Scottish Covenanters
3052:westernized Chinese
2114:Appalachian studies
2083:Devil Anse Hatfield
1936:chicken fried steak
1903:Appalachian English
1826:Southwest Territory
1788:Lincoln County feud
1778:HatfieldâMcCoy feud
1768:Coal strike of 1902
1392:. Wrestlingdata.com
1333:on October 28, 2016
1296:Appalachian Journal
899:Pikeville, Kentucky
766:video game series,
750:country and western
719:Country and Western
444:(1972), based on a
376:Film and television
64:, primarily in the
2963:Chinese and Korean
2499:Redskin/Red Indian
2102:In popular culture
2042:Shady Grove (song)
1887:Urban Appalachians
936:Country (identity)
892:
889:Wheelersburg, Ohio
787:Grand Theft Auto V
748:, and traditional
619:
390:
355:The New York Times
352:. The book topped
314:
311:Nashville, Indiana
301:In popular culture
237:American Civil War
66:Appalachian region
51:
36:Country (identity)
4780:
4779:
4238:
4237:
3933:Northern Italians
3391:
3390:
3362:
3361:
3309:Northeast Indians
3189:
3188:
2901:
2900:
2177:
2176:
2047:Tom Dooley (song)
1982:Appalachian music
1975:Traditional music
1882:Settlement school
1793:Hillbilly Highway
1541:Brackett, David.
1527:978-0-674-01321-6
661:Richmond, Indiana
649:The York Brothers
589:Appalachian music
520:Man Mountain Mike
516:Haystacks Calhoun
456:, and murderous.
414:, and especially
287:Hillbilly Highway
162:William of Orange
154:Thirteen Colonies
16:(Redirected from
4835:
4773:
4772:
4768:non-Jewish woman
4757:
4751:
4736:
4735:
4722:
4721:
4708:
4707:
4691:
4685:
4672:
4671:
4656:
4655:
4639:
4638:
4622:
4621:
4608:
4601:
4600:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4556:
4545:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4483:
4482:
4478:Pacific Islander
4467:
4466:
4462:Pacific Islander
4451:
4450:
4435:
4434:
4408:
4401:
4394:
4387:
4386:
4371:
4364:
4357:
4356:
4335:
4328:
4327:
4312:
4305:
4298:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4263:
4231:
4230:
4212:
4211:
4198:
4197:
4165:
4158:
4140:
4133:
4132:
4121:
4120:
4105:
4098:
4082:
4075:
4055:
4048:
4041:
4023:
4016:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3983:
3968:
3967:
3954:
3953:
3938:
3937:
3922:
3917:
3910:
3905:
3898:
3882:
3881:
3878:Anglophile Irish
3868:
3867:
3852:
3851:
3848:Anglophile Irish
3838:
3837:
3834:Irish Travellers
3824:
3823:
3819:Irish Travellers
3808:
3807:
3803:Irish Protestant
3794:
3793:
3767:
3749:
3742:
3722:
3715:
3708:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3658:
3640:
3639:
3624:
3623:
3610:
3609:
3594:
3587:
3586:
3571:
3570:
3555:
3554:
3526:
3519:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3402:
3384:
3377:
3367:Southeast Asians
3355:
3337:
3336:
3321:
3314:
3313:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3234:
3227:
3226:
3213:
3200:
3182:
3181:
3155:
3154:
3141:
3134:
3133:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3055:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2981:
2980:
2967:
2966:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2938:
2919:
2910:
2894:
2893:
2880:
2873:
2872:
2859:
2852:
2851:
2838:
2837:
2824:
2823:
2810:
2809:
2796:
2795:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2765:
2752:
2745:
2744:
2729:
2728:
2713:
2712:
2699:
2698:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2589:
2574:
2573:
2558:
2551:
2531:
2530:
2514:
2513:
2494:
2493:
2470:
2468:
2432:
2425:
2418:
2411:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2300:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2204:
2197:
2190:
2181:
2172:around the world
1997:Bluegrass fiddle
1951:Goo Goo Clusters
1831:Trans-Appalachia
1816:Overmountain Men
1667:
1660:
1653:
1644:
1629:
1628:
1625:"Hillbilly days"
1621:
1615:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1507:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1329:. Archived from
1318:
1312:
1311:
1302:(1/2): 155â164.
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1257:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1201:
1192:
1191:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1154:(309): 204â228.
1143:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1106:New York Journal
1101:
1095:
1094:
1074:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1005:
781:Dead by Daylight
689:hillbilly boogie
684:African American
508:superheavyweight
492:Harlan, Kentucky
428:
400:Ma and Pa Kettle
359:in August 2016.
357:Best Seller list
350:Middletown, Ohio
264:Great Depression
222:Northern England
158:Northern Ireland
101:New York Journal
74:Great Depression
21:
4843:
4842:
4838:
4837:
4836:
4834:
4833:
4832:
4783:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4764:
4760:
4743:
4739:
4729:
4725:
4715:
4711:
4698:
4694:
4679:
4675:
4663:
4659:
4646:
4642:
4629:
4625:
4615:
4611:
4604:
4591:
4587:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4552:
4548:
4541:
4520:
4513:
4506:
4499:
4486:
4474:
4470:
4458:
4454:
4442:
4438:
4426:
4422:
4411:
4404:
4399:Zhyd / Zhydovka
4397:
4390:
4378:
4374:
4367:
4360:
4342:
4338:
4331:
4319:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4281:
4274:
4267:
4255:
4251:
4234:
4219:
4215:
4205:
4201:
4183:
4179:
4168:
4161:
4154:
4143:
4136:
4128:
4124:
4112:
4108:
4101:
4096:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4058:
4051:
4044:
4037:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3975:
3971:
3961:
3957:
3945:
3941:
3929:
3925:
3920:
3913:
3908:
3901:
3896:
3885:
3875:
3871:
3863:Irish Catholics
3859:
3855:
3845:
3841:
3831:
3827:
3815:
3811:
3799:
3797:
3785:
3781:
3770:
3763:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3693:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3661:
3654:
3643:
3631:
3627:
3617:
3613:
3601:
3597:
3590:
3578:
3576:Dic SiĂ´n Dafydd
3574:
3562:
3558:
3546:
3542:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3481:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3358:
3351:
3340:
3328:
3324:
3317:
3305:
3301:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3237:
3230:
3220:
3216:
3209:
3185:
3173:
3169:
3158:
3148:
3144:
3137:
3131:
3127:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3043:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2997:
2984:
2974:
2970:
2960:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2932:
2928:
2897:
2887:
2883:
2876:
2866:
2862:
2855:
2845:
2841:
2831:
2827:
2817:
2813:
2803:
2799:
2787:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2759:
2755:
2748:
2736:
2732:
2720:
2716:
2706:
2702:
2692:
2688:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2581:
2577:
2565:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2534:
2525:Native American
2521:
2517:
2505:Native American
2501:
2497:
2489:American Indian
2481:Native American
2477:
2473:
2452:
2448:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2414:
2409:Queen / Queenie
2407:
2400:
2393:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2295:
2294:North and South
2289:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2222:
2213:
2208:
2178:
2173:
2162:
2097:
2088:Abraham Lincoln
2051:
2002:Bluegrass music
1970:
1917:
1891:
1850:
1836:Wilderness Road
1746:
1687:
1676:
1671:
1641:
1633:
1632:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1607:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1568:on 16 July 2012
1555:
1554:
1550:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1528:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1489:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1459:
1457:
1444:"Hillbilly Jim"
1442:
1441:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1395:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1336:
1334:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1259:
1258:
1247:
1238:
1236:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1216:
1203:
1202:
1195:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1145:
1144:
1137:
1127:
1125:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1091:
1076:
1075:
1064:
1055:
1053:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1030:
1028:
1007:
1006:
999:
994:
946:Hillbilly armor
927:
866:Matthew Ridgway
850:Harry S. Truman
842:
814:
805:Resident Evil 7
799:Resident Evil 4
758:
736:. For example,
707:hillbilly music
622:Hillbilly music
607:
587:Main articles:
585:
560:The Simple Life
426:
405:The Real McCoys
378:
369:A Painted House
303:
198:
143:Richard Cameron
127:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4841:
4839:
4831:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4785:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4758:
4737:
4723:
4709:
4692:
4673:
4657:
4640:
4623:
4609:
4602:
4584:
4582:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4565:
4558:
4546:
4538:
4536:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4511:
4504:
4496:
4494:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4468:
4452:
4436:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4336:
4329:
4323:Ashkenazi Jews
4313:
4306:
4299:
4291:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4279:
4272:
4265:
4248:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4213:
4199:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4159:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4141:
4134:
4122:
4106:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4076:
4068:
4066:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4017:
4009:
4007:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3979:South Italians
3969:
3955:
3939:
3923:
3918:
3911:
3906:
3899:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3869:
3853:
3839:
3825:
3809:
3795:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3760:
3758:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3750:
3743:
3735:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3684:
3677:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3625:
3611:
3595:
3588:
3572:
3556:
3550:English people
3539:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3524:Turco-Albanian
3520:
3512:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3408:
3406:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3378:
3370:
3368:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3322:
3315:
3298:
3296:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3281:
3274:
3267:
3260:
3253:
3245:
3243:
3242:Bengali Hindus
3239:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3228:
3214:
3206:
3204:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3142:
3135:
3124:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3083:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2994:
2992:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2968:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2925:
2923:
2916:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2881:
2874:
2860:
2853:
2839:
2825:
2811:
2797:
2791:Newfoundlander
2781:
2774:
2767:
2753:
2746:
2730:
2714:
2700:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2575:
2559:
2552:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2515:
2495:
2471:
2445:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2426:
2419:
2412:
2405:
2398:
2391:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2313:Alligator bait
2308:
2306:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2184:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2136:Mountain white
2133:
2128:
2123:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2063:Francis Asbury
2059:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
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726:Hank Williams
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711:Western swing
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626:country music
623:
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597:Country music
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570:Mike Huckabee
567:
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544:Cousin Junior
541:
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528:Hillbilly Jim
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62:United States
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3620:Welsh people
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3605:Welsh people
3603:
3580:
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3222:
3195:South Asians
3175:
3151:also Chinese
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3139:Gaoli bangzi
3129:Ban-jjokbari
3051:
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2651:Swamp Yankee
2615:
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2479:
2475:Indian/Injun
2454:
2220:by ethnicity
2211:Ethnic slurs
2155:
2151:Redneck joke
2125:
2118:
2068:Daniel Boone
2032:In the Pines
1956:Shucky beans
1931:apple butter
1724:Scotch-Irish
1634:
1619:
1609:
1604:
1592:. Retrieved
1582:
1570:. Retrieved
1566:the original
1561:
1551:
1542:
1536:
1509:
1497:
1477:
1470:
1458:. Retrieved
1447:
1438:
1426:. Retrieved
1415:
1405:
1394:. Retrieved
1390:"Leo Savage"
1384:
1357:
1347:
1335:. Retrieved
1331:the original
1326:
1316:
1299:
1295:
1289:
1277:. Retrieved
1262:
1237:. Retrieved
1233:
1224:
1205:
1185:
1176:
1151:
1147:
1126:. Retrieved
1120:
1114:
1105:
1099:
1079:
1054:. Retrieved
1050:
1041:
1029:. Retrieved
1017:
1013:
919:
915:Minnie Pearl
907:Dolly Parton
904:
893:
874:Johnny Olson
870:J. C. Penney
862:Omar Bradley
843:
827:
819:
815:
803:
797:
791:
785:
779:
773:
767:
761:
759:
723:
715:Cowboy music
706:
704:
693:
687:
680:string bands
677:
645:OKeh Records
638:
634:
621:
620:
573:
558:
554:
550:
548:
497:
485:
479:
473:
471:
459:
458:
450:James Dickey
439:
433:
431:
421:
415:
409:
403:
393:
391:
385:
367:
364:John Grisham
361:
354:
339:
338:
333:Snuffy Smith
331:
325:
323:
315:
295:Daniel Boone
284:
261:
250:
234:
199:
189:
183:states, "In
180:
178:
151:
139:Presbyterian
128:
99:
91:
89:
78:
53:
52:
4382:German Jews
4352:Crypto-Jews
4187:Macedonians
4130:(Mercheros)
3789:Republicans
3681:China Swede
3264:Danchi babu
3177:Benshengren
3013:Ching chong
2914:East Asians
2665:White trash
2348:House Negro
2170:hill people
2120:Deliverance
2093:Belle Starr
1946:country ham
1913:Affrilachia
1699:Black-Dutch
1516:. pp.
1510:This is Pop
1360:: 183â210.
1337:October 28,
1327:Urbanophile
1047:"Hillbilly"
981:White trash
878:Ralph Story
763:Silent Hill
756:Video games
659:studios in
593:Cajun music
566:Robert Byrd
540:Cousin Luke
536:Uncle Elmer
466:Leatherface
441:Deliverance
230:Scots-Irish
224:during the
214:Protestants
174:Williamites
135:Cameronians
49:clan (1897)
18:Hillbillies
4787:Categories
4424:Blackfella
4406:Ĺťydokomuna
4217:Yestonians
4148:Ukrainians
3964:Sardinians
3949:Sardinians
3943:Sardegnolo
3909:Greaseball
3656:Cheesehead
3469:Mat Salleh
3382:Vietnamese
3345:Pakistanis
3146:Sangokujin
3109:Xiao Riben
2951:Sangokujin
2806:Oklahomans
2771:Half-breed
2637:Peckerwood
2441:Indigenous
2395:Pickaninny
2327:Black Buck
2141:Poor White
2027:Hootenanny
1966:soup beans
1862:Appalachia
1674:Appalachia
1594:30 October
1572:19 October
1396:2022-08-07
1239:2022-03-23
1056:2017-01-24
1031:8 December
992:References
966:Peckerwood
911:Sean Brock
834:Grassroots
775:Fallout 76
695:rockabilly
669:Al Hopkins
665:Jim Booker
641:Ralph Peer
630:Al Hopkins
532:Hulk Hogan
514:partners)
327:Li'l Abner
166:Protestant
115:New Mexico
110:stereotype
85:derogatory
4618:immigrant
4606:Barbarian
4580:Outsiders
4416:Oceanians
4346:Conversos
4226:Estonians
4223:Russified
4090:Spaniards
4080:Serbomans
3927:Polentone
3873:West Brit
3765:Grecomans
3688:Finnjävel
3508:Albanians
3397:Europeans
3375:Filipinos
3163:Taiwanese
3041:Jook-sing
2890:Americans
2820:Americans
2709:Canadians
2569:Bahamians
2430:Uncle Tom
2296:Americans
2249:Boerehaat
2126:Hillbilly
1941:chow-chow
1797:Baltimore
1728:formerly
1719:Melungeon
1460:April 26,
1428:April 26,
1128:April 16,
1026:0043-3268
860:generals
823:prejudice
769:Fallout 3
746:bluegrass
734:bluegrass
555:High Life
487:Justified
272:Cleveland
190:hillbilly
125:Etymology
81:in-groups
54:Hillbilly
4754:Shkutzim
4651:Japanese
4259:Shi'ites
4116:Catalans
4103:GachupĂn
4031:Russians
3890:Italians
3629:Teuchter
3560:Crachach
3483:Wasi'chu
3095:Jjokbari
3079:Japanese
3047:overseas
3006:Chinaman
2848:Chileans
2724:Mestizos
2695:Mexicans
2423:Tar-Baby
2355:Jim Crow
2270:Golliwog
2256:Choc ice
2227:Africans
2007:Clogging
1704:Cherokee
1614:, p. 151
1308:40932731
1187:BBC News
1121:Verbatim
925:See also
615:Arkansas
512:tag team
423:Gunsmoke
366:'s book
346:JD Vance
319:identity
241:frontier
218:Scotland
145:. These
47:Hatfield
4741:Shegetz
4703:Chinese
4667:non-Jew
4550:Gypsies
4543:Didicoy
4472:Coconut
4340:Marrano
4269:Raghead
4156:Khokhol
4138:Xarnego
4126:Quinqui
3973:Terrone
3903:Goombah
3843:Shoneen
3813:Knacker
3731:Germans
3720:Gabacho
3674:Chukhna
3535:British
3427:Cracker
3405:General
3295:Indians
3218:Coconut
3203:General
3120:Koreans
2999:Ah Beng
2990:Chinese
2972:Twinkie
2922:General
2878:Wetback
2750:Greaser
2734:Coonass
2644:Redneck
2595:Cracker
2579:Coonass
2464:Unangan
2341:Colored
2146:Redneck
1923:Cuisine
1896:Culture
1855:Society
1805:Detroit
1801:Chicago
1751:History
1738:Shawnee
1734:Koasati
1611:Coronet
1518:156â157
1279:31 July
971:Redneck
909:, chef
858:US Army
657:Gennett
435:Hee Haw
398:or the
388:in 1970
280:Detroit
268:Chicago
210:Ireland
196:History
131:dialect
106:Alabama
4813:Ozarks
4762:Shiksa
4727:Savage
4696:Laowai
4688:Kuffar
4644:Gaijin
4634:Romani
4532:, and
4526:Romani
4515:Kanake
4508:Mongol
4456:Kanaka
4317:Khazar
4253:Rafida
4173:Others
4110:Polaco
4073:Shkije
4039:Moskal
4014:Polack
3921:Guinea
3783:Fenian
3757:Greeks
3698:French
3517:Ĺ iptar
3490:Wigger
3476:Redleg
3455:Gweilo
3434:Farang
3413:Ang mo
3326:Keling
3319:Coolie
3303:Chinki
3285:Mayang
3278:Malaun
3257:Bongal
3232:Coolie
3171:Tai Ke
3061:Locust
3034:Coolie
3027:Chinky
2958:Toku-A
2930:Banana
2906:Asians
2864:Sudaca
2815:Pindos
2785:Newfie
2762:Cubans
2757:Gusano
2740:Cajuns
2704:Canuck
2690:Beaner
2682:Others
2672:Whitey
2602:Gringo
2585:Cajuns
2556:Buckra
2540:Whites
2450:Eskimo
2402:Rastus
2383:Nigger
2362:Macaca
2334:Cocolo
2277:Kaffir
1740:, and
1524:
1485:
1372:
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1270:
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1168:538356
1166:
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1087:
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876:, and
713:, and
603:, and
557:, and
454:inbred
427:'s
278:, and
206:Ulster
185:Ulster
164:, the
141:named
70:Ozarks
4752:(pl.
4686:(pl.
4677:Kafir
4627:Gadjo
4596:Arabs
4562:Nawar
4501:Kebab
4492:Turks
4446:MÄori
4376:Yekke
4310:Kafir
4244:Arabs
4203:Hunky
4193:Serbs
4163:Ukrop
4064:Serbs
4053:Tibla
4021:Pshek
4006:Poles
3915:Guido
3829:Pikey
3775:Irish
3747:Kraut
3666:Finns
3648:Dutch
3615:Taffy
3544:Limey
3462:Honky
3448:Guizi
3441:Guiri
3271:Dkhar
3068:Shina
3020:Chink
2829:Pocho
2718:Cholo
2630:Karen
2623:Honky
2609:Haole
2563:Conch
2549:Becky
2527:women
2519:Squaw
2460:Yupik
2456:Inuit
2416:Sambo
2387:Nigga
2376:Negro
2369:Mammy
2304:Black
2263:Cushi
2235:Abeed
1742:Yuchi
1304:JSTOR
1164:JSTOR
1020:(2).
986:Yokel
583:Music
276:Akron
58:rural
4701:non-
4649:non-
4632:non-
4594:non-
4589:Ajam
4569:Zott
4440:Hori
4333:Kike
4287:Jews
4190:and
4097:Dago
3897:Dago
3857:Taig
3713:Frog
3420:Bule
3353:Paki
3250:Bong
2944:Gook
2857:Spic
2843:Roto
2801:Okie
2778:Naco
1596:2010
1574:2012
1522:ISBN
1483:ISBN
1462:2014
1451:.com
1430:2014
1419:.com
1370:ISBN
1339:2016
1281:2014
1268:ISBN
1210:ISBN
1130:2020
1108:: 2.
1085:ISBN
1033:2023
1022:ISSN
961:Okie
864:and
844:The
802:and
738:WHRB
692:and
671:and
568:and
542:and
518:and
330:and
293:and
257:scab
220:and
200:The
68:and
45:The
4661:Goy
4534:Lom
4530:Dom
4392:Yid
4369:Wog
4276:Wog
4046:Orc
3996:Wog
3989:Wop
3798:Hun
3740:Hun
3592:Pom
3497:Wog
3102:Nip
3088:Jap
2284:Wog
1455:WWE
1449:WWE
1423:WWE
1417:WWE
1362:doi
1156:doi
1018:121
732:or
524:WWF
448:by
208:in
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