50:
1052:
1040:
1848:
1842:
104:
99:
749:, that have failed. Instead of reconstructing their constructs to meet disconfirmations with better predictions, the hostile person attempts to force or coerce the world to fit their view, even if this is a forlorn hope, and even if it entails emotional expenditure and/or harm to self or others.
694:
For hunter gatherers, every stranger from outside the small tribal group was a potential source of hostility. Similarly, in archaic Greece, every community was in a state of hostility, latent or overt, with every other community - something only gradually tempered by the rights and duties of
2432:
1082:
2425:
2418:
713:
that intra-group hostility is reduced when greater hostility is directed at Thems, something exploited by insecure leaders when they mobilise external conflicts so as to reduce in-group hostility towards themselves.
779:
in the face of failure can be a valuable trait (for instance in invention or discovery ), in the case of hostility it is argued that evidence is not being accurately assessed but rather forced into a
2329:
764:
by individuals and groups in various social contexts, in order that preconceptions become ever more widely validated. Kelly's theory of cognitive hostility thus forms a parallel to
722:
Automatic mental functioning suggests that among universal human indicators of hostility are the grinding or gnashing of teeth, the clenching and shaking of fists, and grimacing.
709:
argues that the tendency to form in-groups and out-groups of Us and Them, and to direct hostility at the latter, is inherent in humans. He also explores the possibility raised by
791:, and is "deleted" from awareness - unfavorable evidence which might suggest that a prior belief is flawed is to various degrees ignored and willfully avoided.
631:
1136:
783:
mould in order to maintain one's belief systems and avoid having one's identity challenged. Instead it is claimed that hostility shows evidence of
2173:
2077:
2287:
675:
2089:
145:
820:
2161:
810:
800:
745:
considered hostility as the attempt to extort validating evidence from the environment to confirm types of social prediction,
2047:
2377:
2022:
679:
624:
2354:
1129:
2630:
2277:
742:
683:
2410:
2307:
1056:
2518:
2387:
2282:
2084:
710:
140:
1044:
49:
2240:
2205:
1246:
1097:
776:
617:
31:
698:
Tensions between the two poles of hostility and hospitality remain a potent force in the 21st century world.
2735:
2382:
2297:
2141:
1864:
1356:
1122:
150:
2639:
2225:
2168:
2032:
1962:
1814:
1553:
1149:
746:
592:
129:
119:
2312:
1957:
1762:
1191:
815:
557:
2324:
2267:
2257:
2245:
2156:
2151:
2136:
2121:
2037:
1987:
1982:
1927:
1787:
1538:
769:
332:
157:
2496:
2272:
2235:
2220:
2190:
2131:
2116:
2072:
2057:
1952:
1942:
1588:
784:
587:
322:
114:
2501:
2441:
2230:
2210:
2195:
2185:
2126:
2106:
2067:
2062:
2027:
2012:
1972:
1932:
1804:
1543:
1533:
1181:
667:
582:
427:
124:
2730:
2612:
2589:
2562:
2215:
2042:
2017:
1994:
1967:
1782:
1772:
1629:
1619:
1486:
1413:
1346:
1316:
567:
482:
472:
412:
317:
282:
134:
82:
65:
2372:
2178:
2146:
1819:
1777:
1693:
1688:
597:
572:
517:
512:
2527:
2334:
2302:
2200:
2007:
1999:
1937:
1824:
1443:
706:
392:
2359:
2292:
2111:
1792:
1752:
1678:
1326:
765:
723:
502:
297:
1051:
2724:
2635:
2367:
2052:
1736:
1602:
1454:
1423:
1351:
1256:
542:
372:
327:
292:
242:
58:
2584:
2339:
2252:
2096:
1548:
1476:
1363:
1226:
217:
1102:
2707:
2682:
1906:
1879:
1718:
1656:
1528:
1496:
1418:
1398:
1291:
805:
671:
422:
367:
267:
2697:
2675:
2670:
2622:
2523:
2508:
2445:
2344:
1703:
1573:
1383:
1276:
1271:
1171:
1166:
1091:
780:
757:
660:
648:
527:
452:
342:
252:
182:
177:
70:
2702:
2645:
2607:
2513:
2479:
2469:
2461:
2453:
1894:
1869:
1856:
1847:
1841:
1799:
1745:
1639:
1614:
1583:
1448:
1428:
1378:
1373:
1311:
1306:
1281:
1221:
1201:
1186:
1176:
1039:
753:
577:
547:
467:
447:
397:
377:
277:
257:
212:
192:
187:
103:
98:
17:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2599:
2572:
2484:
2474:
1889:
1884:
1874:
1809:
1646:
1568:
1558:
1523:
1510:
1393:
1336:
1286:
1266:
761:
492:
442:
432:
352:
307:
262:
1074:
2692:
2650:
2557:
2544:
2532:
2491:
2449:
2319:
1899:
1767:
1727:
1713:
1708:
1698:
1609:
1469:
1368:
1331:
1301:
1296:
1261:
1241:
1231:
1216:
1158:
1145:
756:- an attempt to force reality to produce the desired feedback, even by
652:
562:
537:
532:
522:
337:
302:
272:
247:
232:
222:
207:
90:
2349:
1683:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1515:
1462:
1321:
1236:
1086:
788:
507:
402:
287:
227:
733:
represents a ritualised set of such non-verbal signs of hostility.
666:
It appears in several psychological theories. For instance it is a
2687:
2552:
1831:
1757:
1651:
1624:
1503:
1438:
1433:
1403:
1341:
1211:
1206:
1114:
656:
602:
552:
497:
477:
387:
382:
357:
312:
202:
197:
2567:
1634:
1595:
1578:
1481:
1408:
1388:
1196:
730:
487:
462:
457:
407:
362:
347:
2414:
1118:
2330:
Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems
1563:
1251:
437:
237:
867:
Hospitality and
Hostility in the Multilingual Global Village
775:
While challenging reality can be a useful part of life, and
651:
behavior. In everyday speech, it is more commonly used as a
1064:
768:'s view that there is an inherent impulse to reduce
2621:
2598:
2543:
2460:
1917:
1855:
1157:
1068:
752:In this sense hostility is a form of psychological
64:
42:
1725:
1600:
30:"Hostile" redirects here. For other uses, see
2426:
1130:
625:
8:
1904:
1743:
1734:
1501:
2403:indicate emotion names in foreign languages
1467:
2433:
2419:
2411:
1137:
1123:
1115:
1065:
632:
618:
77:
48:
39:
27:Form of emotionally charged angry behavior
647:is seen as a form of emotionally charged
832:
89:
7:
856:(Pelican 1967) p. 113-4 and p. 116-7
57:Two people in a heated argument in
25:
726:would add stamping and thumping.
1846:
1840:
1050:
1038:
986:(Bristol 1984) p. 132 and p. 250
102:
97:
843:(Penguin 2013) p. 50 and p. 290
811:Narcissism of small differences
801:Antisocial personality disorder
1025:(Bristol 1984) p. 14 and p. 19
1:
1055:The dictionary definition of
919:The Triune Brain in Evolution
680:personal construct psychology
2355:Social emotional development
2631:Sensory processing disorder
1601:
882:(London 2018) Ch 11 384-424
821:Cook–Medley hostility scale
2752:
29:
2398:
1838:
841:The World Until Yesterday
56:
47:
2288:in virtual communication
741:In psychological terms,
32:Hostile (disambiguation)
1010:Theories of Personality
997:Theories of Personality
971:Theories of Personality
958:Theories of Personality
2640:Auditory hallucination
1905:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1502:
1468:
1043:Quotations related to
130:Emotional intelligence
932:The Naked Ape Trilogy
854:The World of Odysseus
816:Righteous indignation
736:
718:Non-verbal indicators
690:Hostility/hospitality
2325:Group affective tone
934:(London 1988) p. 109
921:(London 1990) p. 460
770:cognitive dissonance
678:, and forms part of
333:Emotional Detachment
2497:Anterograde amnesia
2378:constructed emotion
2048:functional accounts
947:(London 2018) p. 17
895:(London 2018) p. 45
2502:Retrograde amnesia
2442:Signs and symptoms
2278:in decision-making
1519:(sense of purpose)
908:(Hove 2007) p. 493
2718:
2717:
2590:Suicidal ideation
2408:
2407:
1995:Appeal to emotion
1773:Social connection
1112:
1111:
906:Social Psychology
642:
641:
568:Social connection
76:
75:
37:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
2743:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2412:
2383:discrete emotion
2283:in the workplace
2179:Empathy quotient
1910:
1850:
1844:
1749:
1740:
1731:
1606:
1507:
1473:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1116:
1066:
1054:
1042:
1026:
1019:
1013:
1006:
1000:
993:
987:
980:
974:
967:
961:
954:
948:
941:
935:
928:
922:
915:
909:
902:
896:
889:
883:
876:
870:
863:
857:
850:
844:
837:
634:
627:
620:
106:
101:
78:
52:
40:
21:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2617:
2594:
2539:
2528:Lightheadedness
2456:
2439:
2409:
2404:
2394:
2335:Jealousy in art
2078:in conversation
2000:Amygdala hijack
1913:
1851:
1845:
1836:
1825:sense of wonder
1153:
1143:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1077:
1035:
1030:
1029:
1020:
1016:
1007:
1003:
994:
990:
981:
977:
968:
964:
955:
951:
942:
938:
929:
925:
916:
912:
903:
899:
890:
886:
877:
873:
864:
860:
851:
847:
838:
834:
829:
797:
739:
720:
707:Robert Sapolsky
704:
692:
682:, developed by
638:
609:
608:
607:
172:
171:
162:
141:Self-regulation
139:
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2749:
2747:
2739:
2738:
2736:Rage (emotion)
2733:
2723:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2685:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2643:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2613:Russell's sign
2610:
2604:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2549:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2521:
2519:Disequilibrium
2511:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2466:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2415:
2406:
2405:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2388:somatic marker
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2362:
2360:Stoic passions
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2308:social sharing
2305:
2300:
2298:self-conscious
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2241:thought method
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2206:lateralization
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2033:classification
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1753:Sentimentality
1750:
1741:
1732:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1649:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1589:at first sight
1586:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1513:
1508:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1465:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1327:Disappointment
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1163:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1119:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1094:
1078:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:Classification
1063:
1062:
1048:
1034:
1033:External links
1031:
1028:
1027:
1023:Live and Learn
1014:
1012:(1995) p. 52-3
1001:
988:
984:Live and Learn
975:
973:(1995) p. 52-4
962:
949:
936:
923:
910:
897:
884:
871:
865:K Thorpe ed.,
858:
845:
831:
830:
828:
825:
824:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
796:
793:
766:Leon Festinger
738:
735:
724:Desmond Morris
719:
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365:
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298:Disappointment
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120:Classification
117:
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107:
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86:
74:
73:
68:
62:
61:
54:
53:
45:
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36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2701:
2699:
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2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2637:
2636:Hallucination
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2569:
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2564:
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2556:
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2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2486:
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2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
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2468:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2424:
2422:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2402:
2397:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2142:dysregulation
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
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1928:consciousness
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1737:Schadenfreude
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1455:Joie de vivre
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1424:Gratification
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1352:Embarrassment
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1257:Belongingness
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1061:at Wiktionary
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869:(2014) p. 2-7
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737:Kelly's model
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711:Samuel Bowles
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695:hospitality.
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543:Schadenfreude
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293:Determination
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243:Belongingness
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151:Dysregulation
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147:
146:Interpersonal
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63:
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59:New York City
55:
51:
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33:
19:
2585:Irritability
2579:
2444:relating to
2400:
2340:Meta-emotion
2253:Emotionality
2226:responsivity
2174:and bullying
2169:intelligence
1979:Affectivity
1963:neuroscience
1933:in education
1516:
1491:
1477:Homesickness
1453:
1379:Enthrallment
1364:Emotion work
1227:Anticipation
1096:
1081:
1057:
1047:at Wikiquote
1022:
1017:
1009:
1004:
999:(1995) p. 76
996:
991:
983:
978:
970:
965:
960:(1995) p. 52
957:
952:
944:
943:R Sapolsky,
939:
931:
926:
918:
913:
905:
900:
892:
891:R Sapolsky,
887:
879:
878:R Sapolsky,
874:
866:
861:
853:
852:M I Finley,
848:
840:
835:
774:
751:
743:George Kelly
740:
728:
721:
705:
697:
693:
684:George Kelly
665:
644:
643:
417:
218:Anticipation
2708:Hypergeusia
2683:Synesthesia
2268:and culture
2073:recognition
2058:homeostatic
1958:forecasting
1907:Weltschmerz
1880:Misanthropy
1657:grandiosity
1539:Inspiration
1529:Infatuation
1497:Humiliation
1419:Frustration
1292:Contentment
1021:G Claxton,
982:G Claxton,
917:D Maclean,
839:J Diamond,
806:Death drive
785:suppression
781:Procrustean
777:persistence
672:neuroticism
423:Humiliation
368:Frustration
268:Contentment
18:Hostilities
2725:Categories
2698:Hypogeusia
2676:Hyperosmia
2671:Phantosmia
2623:Perception
2563:Depression
2524:Presyncope
2509:Convulsion
2446:perception
2345:Pathognomy
2246:well-being
2162:and gender
2157:expression
2152:exhaustion
2137:detachment
2122:competence
2103:Emotional
2085:regulation
2068:perception
2063:in animals
2013:and memory
1949:Affective
1857:Worldviews
1719:melancholy
1704:Resentment
1574:Loneliness
1549:Irritation
1534:Insecurity
1524:Indulgence
1399:Excitement
1384:Enthusiasm
1317:Depression
1277:Confidence
1272:Compassion
1247:Attraction
1172:Admiration
1167:Acceptance
1008:D Lester,
995:D Lester,
969:D Lester,
956:D Lester,
930:D Morris,
827:References
758:acting out
747:constructs
661:aggression
649:aggressive
528:Resentment
453:Loneliness
343:Enthusiasm
283:Depression
253:Confidence
183:Admiration
178:Acceptance
125:In animals
71:Psychiatry
2703:Dysgeusia
2608:Verbosity
2580:Hostility
2514:Dizziness
2480:Psychosis
2470:Confusion
2462:Cognition
2454:behaviour
2373:appraisal
2313:sociology
2264:Emotions
2236:symbiosis
2221:reasoning
2191:isolation
2132:contagion
2117:blackmail
2043:expressed
2038:evolution
2028:and sleep
2018:and music
1953:computing
1900:Reclusion
1895:Pessimism
1870:Defeatism
1800:Suffering
1746:Sehnsucht
1689:Rejection
1640:self-pity
1615:Nostalgia
1584:limerence
1554:Isolation
1492:Hostility
1449:Happiness
1429:Gratitude
1374:Emptiness
1357:vicarious
1307:Curiosity
1282:Confusion
1222:Annoyance
1202:Amusement
1192:Agitation
1187:Affection
1182:Aesthetic
1177:Adoration
1058:hostility
1045:Hostility
904:E Smith,
754:extortion
645:Hostility
588:Suspicion
578:Suffering
548:Self-pity
513:Rejection
468:Nostalgia
448:Limerence
418:Hostility
398:Happiness
378:Gratitude
323:Elevation
278:Curiosity
258:Confusion
213:Annoyance
193:Amusement
188:Affection
66:Specialty
43:Hostility
2731:Emotions
2666:Parosmia
2661:Dysosmia
2656:Hyposmia
2600:Behavior
2573:Paranoia
2485:Delusion
2475:Delirium
2231:security
2211:literacy
2196:lability
2186:intimacy
2127:conflict
2107:aperture
2004:Emotion
1988:negative
1983:positive
1973:spectrum
1938:measures
1890:Optimism
1885:Nihilism
1875:Fatalism
1865:Cynicism
1810:Sympathy
1805:Surprise
1647:Pleasure
1569:Kindness
1559:Jealousy
1544:Interest
1511:Hysteria
1394:Euphoria
1337:Distrust
1287:Contempt
1267:Calmness
1159:Emotions
1146:Emotions
795:See also
762:bullying
583:Surprise
493:Pleasure
443:Kindness
433:Jealousy
428:Interest
353:Euphoria
308:Distrust
263:Contempt
170:Emotions
91:Emotions
83:a series
81:Part of
2693:Ageusia
2651:Anosmia
2558:Anxiety
2545:Emotion
2533:Vertigo
2492:Amnesia
2450:emotion
2401:Italics
2364:Theory
2320:Feeling
2273:history
2258:bounded
2216:prosody
2023:and sex
2008:and art
1968:science
1924:Affect
1918:Related
1793:chronic
1768:Shyness
1728:Saudade
1714:Sadness
1709:Revenge
1699:Remorse
1630:Passion
1620:Outrage
1610:Neglect
1470:Hiraeth
1369:Empathy
1347:Ecstasy
1332:Disgust
1302:Cruelty
1297:Courage
1262:Boredom
1242:Arousal
1232:Anxiety
1217:Anguish
1103:D006791
702:Us/them
674:in the
653:synonym
563:Shyness
538:Saudade
533:Sadness
523:Remorse
483:Passion
473:Outrage
338:Empathy
318:Ecstasy
303:Disgust
273:Courage
248:Boredom
233:Arousal
223:Anxiety
208:Anguish
158:Valence
2368:affect
2350:Pathos
2303:social
2147:eating
1820:Wonder
1788:Stress
1778:Sorrow
1694:Relief
1684:Regret
1672:vanity
1667:insult
1662:hubris
1517:Ikigai
1487:Horror
1463:Hatred
1322:Desire
1312:Defeat
1237:Apathy
945:Behave
893:Behave
880:Behave
789:denial
676:NEO PI
598:Wonder
573:Sorrow
518:Relief
508:Regret
413:Horror
403:Hatred
288:Desire
228:Apathy
115:Affect
2688:Taste
2646:Smell
2553:Anger
2293:moral
2201:labor
2053:group
1832:Worry
1815:Trust
1783:Spite
1763:Shock
1758:Shame
1652:Pride
1625:Panic
1504:Hygge
1444:Guilt
1439:Grief
1434:Greed
1404:Faith
1342:Doubt
1212:Angst
1207:Anger
1197:Agony
1092:R45.4
668:facet
657:anger
603:Worry
593:Trust
558:Shock
553:Shame
498:Pride
478:Panic
393:Guilt
388:Grief
383:Greed
358:Faith
313:Doubt
203:Angst
198:Anger
2568:Fear
2452:and
2112:bias
2097:work
1679:Rage
1635:Pity
1596:Lust
1579:Love
1482:Hope
1414:Flow
1409:Fear
1389:Envy
1150:list
1098:MeSH
731:Haka
729:The
659:and
655:for
503:Rage
488:Pity
463:Lust
458:Love
408:Hope
363:Fear
348:Envy
135:Mood
1564:Joy
1252:Awe
1083:ICD
787:or
760:in
670:of
438:Joy
238:Awe
2727::
2448:,
1101::
1090::
1087:10
772:.
686:.
663:.
85:on
2642:)
2638:(
2526:/
2434:e
2427:t
2420:v
1152:)
1148:(
1138:e
1131:t
1124:v
1085:-
1075:D
633:e
626:t
619:v
34:.
20:)
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