Inmarsat - Knowledge (XXG)

368:, Inmarsat-2. These satellites provided the Inmarsat-A service for maritime uses. Between 1996 and 1998 Inmarsat's second constellation, Inmarsat-3, was launched. Consisting of five geostationary L-band satellites the constellation provides the Inmarsat-B and Inmarsat-C services, primarily providing low bandwidth communications and safety services for global shipping. Following privatisation in 1999 Inmarsat developed and launched the first satellite communications system offering global coverage, BGAN. This service was provided initially through the three Inmarsat-4 satellite launched between 2005 and 2008, and was then extended with the addition of 1493:: Since 2015, Inmarsat has offered high throughput services through the Global Xpress network. This service provides an IP based global service of up to 50 Mbit/s downlink and 5 Mbit/s uplink at a latency of 700 ms. Services are provided for maritime, aviation, government and enterprise markets. Global Xpress is supported by the existing BGAN L-band network, and services are offered using a combination of the two networks to increase availability and reliability. In March 2018, Inmarsat partnered with Isotropic Systems to develop all-electronic scanning antenna intended to be used with the Global Xpress network. 4715: 166: 1473: 1613:: IsatData Pro is a global satellite data service designed for two-way text and data communications to remote assets with message size to mobile: 10 KB / from mobile: 6.4 KB with typical delivery time of 15 seconds. This service is intended for mission-critical applications for managing trucks, fishing vessels and oil and gas and heavy equipment, text message remote workers and security applications. It is provided by SkyWave Mobile Communications Inc, part of 549: 628: 7352: 6284: 5198: 536:

codes vary, depending on the country in which they are placed. Inmarsat primarily uses country code 870 (see below). Newer Inmarsat services use an IP technology that features an always-on capability where the users are only charged for the amount of data they send and receive, rather than the length of time they are connected. In addition to its own satellites, Inmarsat has a collaboration agreement with

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company's value. Oaktree argued that the recommended offer for Inmarsat failed to take account of the potential value of spectrum assets used by Inmarsat's U.S. partner Ligado. Inmarsat delisted from London Stock Exchange, as the private equity funds took control of the company, on 5 December 2019; at the time, Inmarsat was operating 14 geostationary communications satellites.

6273: 1690:: a family of networks that includes the Inmarsat-Fleet77, Inmarsat-Fleet55 and Inmarsat-Fleet33 members (The numbers 77, 55 and 33 come from the diameter of the antenna in centimetres). Much like GAN, it provides a selection of low speed services like voice at 4.8 kbit/s, fax/data at 2.4 kbit/s, medium speed services like fax/data at 9.6 kbit/s, 7365: 6304: 5210: 314:(IMSO) as an intergovernmental regulatory body for satellite communications, while INMARSAT's operational unit was separated and became the UK-based company Inmarsat Ltd. The IMSO and Inmarsat Ltd. signed an agreement imposing public safety obligations on the new company. Inmarsat was the first international satellite organisation that was privatised. 3526: 36: 175: 1649:: Inmarsat's FleetPhone service is a fixed phone service for use on smaller vessels where voice communications is the primary requirement or on vessels where additional voice lines are needed. It provides a low-cost, global satellite phone service option for those working or sailing outside cellular coverage. 1816:

have the right to use the specific radio frequencies identified in the commission's decision and the right to operate their respective mobile satellite systems for 18 years from the selection decision. The operators are compelled to start operations within 24 months (May 2011) from the selection decision.

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organisation to oversee public safety aspects of satellite communication networks. In 1998, an agreement was reached to modify INMARSAT's mission as an intergovernmental organisation and separate and privatise the organisation's operational business, with public safety obligations attached to the sale.

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launch vehicle. The satellite has been described as a 'very high throughput satellite', and provides services to the Middle East, India and Europe. former CEO Rupert Pearce (new CEO Rajeev Suri) indicated that Inmarsat planned further expansion of the Global Xpress network. Trials of new technologies

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selected two operators, Inmarsat Ventures and Solaris Mobile, giving these operators "the right to use the specific radio frequencies identified in the Commission's decision and the right to operate their respective mobile satellite systems". EU Member States now have to ensure that the two operators

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and ADS, Aero-H (High Gain Antenna) for medium quality voice and fax/data at up to 9600 bit/s, and Aero-I (Intermediate Gain Antenna) for low quality voice and fax/data at up to 2400 bit/s. There are also aircraft-rated versions of Inmarsat-C and mini-M/M4. The aircraft version of GAN is called Swift

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for use on land. BGAN uses the I-4 satellites to offer a shared-channel IP packet-switched service of up to 800 kbit/s (uplink and downlink speeds may differ and depend on terminal model) and a streaming-IP service from 32 kbit/s up to X-Stream data rate (services depend on terminal model).

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provide global coverage using four geostationary satellites. Each satellite supports 89 beams, giving a total coverage of approximately one-third of the Earth's surface per satellite. In addition, 6 steerable beams are available per satellite, which may be moved to provide higher capacity to selected

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in which Viasat would purchase Inmarsat for $ 850m in cash, issuing approximately 46 million shares of Viasat stock and taking on $ 3.4bn in debt. Viasat has promised to honour a pledge made by the previous owners, when it was taken private in 2019, that Inmarsat would remain a UK-based company, and

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reported that the UK government was set to approve the takeover with the final consultation for the deal set to conclude on 24 October 2019. In November 2019, Inmarsat rejected an eleventh-hour effort to derail the US$ 6 billion sale, in which it was accused of ignoring a potential boost to the

1698:) and shared-channel IP packet-switched data services at 64 kbit/s (called Mobile Packet Data Service or MPDS - see below). However, not all services are available with all members of the family. The latest service to be supported is Mobile ISDN at 128 kbit/s on Inmarsat-Fleet77 terminals. 1511:

network and an Inmarsat S-band satellite to provide 50 Gbit/s capacity to aircraft in European airspace. The project faced a number of legal and regulatory challenges. In October 2017, Inmarsat stated that commercial service would begin in 2018. Construction of the ground network was completed

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Each regional beam covers a fraction of the area covered by a global beam, but collectively all of the regional beams offer virtually the same coverage as the global beams. Use of regional beams allow user terminals (also called mobile earth stations) to operate with significantly smaller antennas.

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In the mid-1990s, many member states were unwilling to invest in improvements to INMARSAT's network, especially owing to the competitive nature of the satellite communications industry, while many recognised the need to maintain the organisation's older systems and the need for an intergovernmental

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Narrow beams are offered by the three Inmarsat-4 satellites. Narrow beams vary in size, tend to be several hundred kilometres across. The narrow beams, while much smaller than the global or regional beams, are far more numerous and hence offer the same global coverage. Narrow spot beams allow yet

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The price of a call via Inmarsat has now dropped to a level where they are comparable to, and in many cases lower than, international roaming costs, or hotel phone calls. Voice call charges are the same for any location in the world where the service is used. Tariffs for calls to Inmarsat country

289:(IMO)—the United Nations maritime body—and pursuant to the Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organization, signed by 28 countries in 1976. The organisation was created to establish and operate a satellite communications network for the maritime community. In coordination with the 380:

portion of the spectrum. Global Xpress, launched in 2015, offers global satellite capacity to various markets including shipping and aviation. Global Xpress also marks a significant expansion of Inmarsat's commercial operations in the aviation markets. In 2017, Inmarsat launched its first S-band

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adopted the European's Decision to establish a single selection and authorisation process (ESAP – European S-band Application Process) to ensure a coordinated introduction of mobile satellite services (MSS) in Europe. The late 2008 selection process attracted four applications by prospective

1751:: service was retired on 30 December 2016. It provided digital voice services, telex services, medium speed fax/data services at 9.6 kbit/s and high speed data services at 56, 64 or 128 kbit/s. There was also a 'leased' mode for Inmarsat-B available on the spare Inmarsat satellites. 1480:

Inmarsat networks provide existing, evolved, and advanced services. Existing and evolved services are offered through land Earth stations which are not owned nor operated by Inmarsat, but through companies which have a commercial agreement with Inmarsat. Advanced services are provided via

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IRIS is a project to improve tracking of aircraft, and to improve communications between aircraft and air traffic controllers. Inmarsat will provide high capacity satellite communications links for aircraft, and improve detection of aircraft locations in time and

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in the 1980s, the convention governing INMARSAT was amended to include improvements to aeronautical communications, notably for public safety. The member states owned varying shares of the operational business. The main offices were originally located in the

1676:: this is effectively a "satellite telex" terminal with low-speed all-digital (transmission bit rate 1200 bit/s and information bit rate of 600 bit/s) store-and-forward, polling etc. capabilities. Certain models of Inmarsat-C terminals are approved for the 1977:

frequency bands abut each other at 1626.5 MHz thus each satcom radio has the ability to interfere with the other. Usually, the far more powerful INMARSAT radio disrupts the Iridium radio up to 10–800 m (33–2,625 ft) away.

1704:: Similar to GAN, providing voice, low rate fax/data, 64 kbit/s ISDN, and MPDS services, for private, business, and commercial aircraft. Swift 64 is often sold in a multi-channel version, to support several times 64 kbit/s. 1773:) and shared-channel IP packet-switched data services at 64 kbit/s (called Mobile Packet Data Service or MPDS, formerly Inmarsat Packet Data Service – IPDS). GAN is also known as "M4". Service was closed early in January 2017. 6340: 1599:: IsatM2M is a global, short burst data, store and forward service intended to deliver messages of 10.5 or 25.5 bytes in the send direction, and 100 bytes in the receive direction. The service is delivered to market via 2237: 1911:. These satellites planned to offer both Ka- and L-band payloads and additional capacity to the existing BGAN and Global Xpress networks. In 2017, it was announced that the first of these satellites would be launched by 568:

Each satellite is equipped with a single global beam that covers up to one-third of the Earth's surface, apart from the poles. Overall, global beam coverage extends from latitudes of −82 to +82° regardless of longitude.

1714:. The original Inmarsat-D terminals were one-way (to mobile) pagers. The newer Inmarsat-D+ terminals are the equivalent of a two-way pager. The main use of this technology nowadays is in tracking trucks and buoys and 7054: 1823:

satellite programme provides mobile multimedia broadcast, mobile two-way broadband telecommunications and next-generation MSS services across all member states of the European Union and as far east as Moscow and

7224: 1763:: provides voice services at 4.8 kbit/s and medium speed fax/data services at 2.4 kbit/s. One 2.4 kbit/s channel takes up 4.8 kbit/s on the satellite. Service was closed early January 2017. 1963:

ICE (Inmarsat Communications Evolution) is a partnership with industrial partners intended to identify innovative technologies that can expand and enhance the capabilities of the next generation of satellite

3613: 409: 2125: 524:(IP) satellite modem the size of a notebook computer, while the Global Xpress network offers up to 50 Mbit/s at a latency of 700 ms via antennas as small as 60 cm. Other services provide mobile 6333: 1589:: launched in January 2012, is a global, IP-based low-data rate service, designed for high data availability and performance in permanently unmanned environments. With high-frequency, very low-latency 3066: 4015: 1643:: IsatPhone Link is a low-cost, fixed, global satellite phone service. It provides voice connectivity for those working or living in areas without cellular coverage and includes data capabilities. 3314: 3253: 436:

satellite phone service. Analysis of these communications by Inmarsat and independently by other agencies determined that the aircraft flew into the southern Indian Ocean and was used to guide

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offering voice telephony. It has a variety of data capabilities, including SMS, short message emailing and GPS look-up-and-send, as well as supporting a data service of up to 20 kbit/s.

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company, offering global mobile services. It provides telephone and data services to users worldwide, via portable or mobile terminals which communicate with ground stations through fifteen

7422: 3394: 2588: 1738:, and is available in the EMEA and APAC satellite regions. Coverage is available in Africa, the Middle-East, Asia and Europe, as well as in maritime areas of the EMEA and APAC coverage. 7090: 7442: 2241: 1420:

The 870 number is an automatic locator; it is not necessary to know to which satellite the destination Inmarsat terminal is logged-in. SNAC is now usable by all Inmarsat services.

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is based on BGAN technology, offering similar services and using the same infrastructure as BGAN. A range of Fleet Broadband user terminals are available, designed for ships.

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alleging unfair bidding practices and a misuse of spectrum and a ruling by the Belgian telecommunications regulator revoking permission for the use of the ground network in

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SpaceX successfully launched Inmarsat's latest I-6 F2 satellite successfully launched last night from launch pad SLC-40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida.

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Services include traditional voice calls, low-level data tracking systems, and high-speed Internet and other data services as well as distress and safety services. The

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for an initial ten-year period, to provide in-flight broadband for commercial airlines. Inmarsat will be the exclusive provider of Panasonic for connectivity using the

7174: 4619: 2696: 4484: 4165: 231:, media outlets and businesses (especially in the shipping, airline and mining industries) with a need to communicate in remote regions or where there is no reliable 7370: 3497: 2718: 4129: 7452: 7257: 4836: 3971: 3196: 2114: 4677: 3288: 7407: 7292: 5157: 1757:: provides voice services at 4.8 kbit/s and medium speed fax/data services at 2.4 kbit/s. It paved the way towards Inmarsat-Mini-M. Service has ended. 1528:. As of early 2021, the service has been used on 200,000 flights throughout Europe on flights on 250 aircraft operated by British Airways, Iberia and Vueling. 6784: 6365: 6256: 6228: 6223: 5248: 2744: 1734:: provides voice services at 4.8 kbit/s and medium speed fax/data services at 2.4 kbit/s. This service emerged from a collaboration agreement with 7397: 578:

Regional beams were introduced with the I-3 satellites. Each I-3 satellite provides four to six spot beams; each I-4 satellite provides 19 regional beams.

311: 276: 20: 1769:: provides a selection of low speed services like voice at 4.8 kbit/s, fax and data at 2.4 kbit/s, ISDN like services at 64 kbit/s (called 7214: 7184: 3813: 1677: 506: 3570: 3321: 7049: 5183: 3260: 1593:, BGAN M2M is intended for monitoring fixed assets such as pipelines and oil well heads, or backhauling electricity consumption data within a utility. 290: 2842: 2816: 7179: 6349: 3913: 3844:

The first Inmarsat-6 spacecraft is scheduled for launch with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) at the end of 2021 with the second to follow in 2022.

3781: 1553:(ISDN) services at 64 kbit/s and even low speed (4.8 kbit/s) voice etc. services. BGAN service is available globally on all I4 satellites. 1452:

Since 18 July 2017, Inmarsat users using the service provided by China Transport Telecommunication & Information Center may apply for 11 digits

4462: 3441: 1665:: provides analogue voice/fax/data services for aircraft. Three levels of terminals, Aero-L (Low Gain Antenna) primarily for packet data including 7447: 7327: 7302: 5178: 4398: 2875: 2606: 2428: 437: 6779: 3405: 1728:. MPDS-specific terminals are not sold; rather, this is a service which comes with most terminals that are designed for GAN, Fleet, and Swift64. 7462: 7159: 6250: 4800: 341:

Inc., a provider of Inmarsat D+/IsatM2M network services which in turn purchased the GlobalWave business from TransCore. Inmarsat won the 2010

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In March 2019 the company's board agreed to recommend a takeover offer of US$ 3.4 billion from Connect Bidco, a consortium consisting of

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On 26 November 2019, the first satellite to extend the original 4 satellite first generation Global Xpress constellation was launched from

1724:: Previously known as IPDS, this is an IP-based data service in which several users share a 64 kbit/s carrier in a manner similar to 2454: 7262: 6894: 6240: 6086: 5111: 1896: 1550: 525: 286: 19:

This article is about the satellite telecommunications company. For the intergovernmental organisation formerly known as INMARSAT, see

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demonstrated bandwidths of 330 Mbit/s over the existing Global Xpress network, far in excess of the existing 50 Mbit/s.

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is based on BGAN technology and offers similar services. SB terminals are designed for commercial, private, and military aircraft.

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HEOSAT in the Arctic Satellite Broadband Mission. The satellites carrying the Inmarsat payload were to be manufactured by

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The "BGAN M2M Family" is a set of IP-based services designed for long-term machine-to-machine management of fixed assets:

1545: 592: 528:(ISDN) services used by the media for live reporting on world events via videophone, and inflight Internet access via the 513: 346: 338: 6307: 4319: 4140: 7412: 7204: 7131: 6297: 6058: 5955: 5498: 5265: 5162: 4886: 3730: 517: 415: 400:

satellite signal. Inmarsat will now be offering Panasonic's portfolio of services to its commercial aviation customers.

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in February 2018, and by mid-2019 the service was offered on over 100 routes from key destinations such as London,

1453: 651: 595:). This coverage was introduced with the I-4 satellites. Each I-4 satellite provides around 200 narrow spot beams. 389:

to develop a state-of-the-art, all electronic scanning antenna intended to be used with the Global Xpress network.

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in March 2023 with 25 May 2023 set as the date for a formal decision. On 31 May 2023, the acquisition was closed.

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International Organisations and Space Law, Proceedings of the Third ECSL Colloquium, Perugia, Italy, 6–7 May 1999

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On 8 November 2021, a $ 7.3bn deal was announced between Inmarsat's owners, led by Apax and Warburg Pincus, and

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and launched in 2017. The complementary ground network consists of around 300 LTE base stations constructed by

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The present company originates from the International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT), a non-profit

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owned 28% of the company. In 2009, Inmarsat completed the acquisition of satellite communications provider

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to Beijing. After turning away from its planned path and disappearing from radar coverage, the aircraft's

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in 2013. In the 2010s, Inmarsat began development of the High Throughput Satellite (HTS) constellation

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rocket, but suffered a power system failure in orbit that prevented it from becoming operational.

548: 7322: 7317: 7126: 7115: 7017: 6899: 6490: 6091: 6048: 5979: 5849: 5779: 5754: 5689: 5536: 5257: 2238:"Proposed Amendments to the Convention on the International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)" 1995: 1770: 1710:: Inmarsat's pager, although much larger than terrestrial versions. Some units are equipped with 1695: 1457: 1472: 4341: 3831: 2180: 385:

ground network) inflight internet access across Europe. In March 2018, Inmarsat partnered with

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distribution partners but the satellite gateways are owned and operated by Inmarsat directly.

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Sagar, David (1999). Harris, R. A. (ed.). "The privatisation of INMARSAT: Special problems".

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smaller antennas and much higher data rates. They form the backbone of Inmarsat's handheld (

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global data services, higher capacity GX satellite after the 4 first generation satellites

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Ashton, Chris; Bruce, Alan Shuster; Colledge, Gary; Dickinson, Mark (14 September 2014).

2277: 6663: 6612: 6599: 5962: 5834: 5809: 5769: 5739: 5614: 5449: 5335: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4785: 4714: 4191: 2697:"Inmarsat Partners with Isotropic Systems to Develop Next-Gen Ka-band Mobility Antenna" 2570: 2068: 1590: 1570: 1461: 1139: 627: 465: 453: 262:, in which Viasat was to purchase Inmarsat. The acquisition was completed in May 2023. 244: 165: 140: 7386: 7312: 7252: 6967: 6809: 6774: 6764: 6586: 6430: 6111: 5884: 5874: 5789: 5679: 5674: 5664: 5649: 5471: 5330: 5136: 5055: 4826: 4569: 4543: 3655: 3530: 2476: 1924: 1916: 1353: 1345: 1108: 1078: 1049: 1040: 989: 557: 449: 373: 318: 240: 218: 2552: 1100:, BGAN family, Classic Aero, SPS and lease services, FleetBroadband, SwiftBroadband 430:

via the IOR satellite (Indian Ocean Region, 64° East). The aircraft used Inmarsat's

6926: 6748: 6700: 6632: 6627: 6518: 6512: 5989: 5829: 5774: 5704: 5669: 5604: 5503: 5493: 5345: 5040: 4964: 3115:" Inmarsat Retrieved on 26 March 2014 "99 City Road London EC1Y 1AX United Kingdom" 2985: 2053: 2033: 1940: 1860: 1318: 520:(GPRS) - type services at up to 800 kbit/s at a latency of 900-1100 ms via an 432: 419: 295: 3543: 2636: 3895: 2150: 7272: 6889: 6723: 6637: 6619: 6476: 6465: 6189: 5839: 5749: 5734: 5694: 5654: 5513: 5050: 4984: 2477:"Making things better – finalists announced for Britain's top engineering award" 2043: 4107: 3498:"Airbus-built Inmarsat 2 F2 Satellite Breaks World Record for Mission Lifespan" 2654: 227:

Inmarsat's network provides communications services to a range of governments,

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At the end of 2015, Inmarsat ordered two sixth generation satellites from

1884:, Inmarsat plans to improve GlobalXpress connectivity to above 65° North. 392:

On 20 September 2018, Inmarsat announced its strategic collaboration with

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Two high-capacity, multi-beam payloads GX-10A and GX-10B were planned in

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bought shares in the company. The company was also first listed on the

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On 8 November 2021, a deal was announced between Inmarsat's owners and

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In May 2023, Inmarsat ordered three eighth-generation satellites from

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function is not required when making phone calls to such numbers from

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European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations

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by means of a hybrid satellite/terrestrial network. It was built by

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in that year. In March 2008, it was disclosed that U.S. hedge fund

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until it was acquired by Connect Bidco, a consortium consisting of

7282: 7100: 7064: 6931: 6864: 6854: 6594: 6184: 6121: 5429: 5116: 4913: 3571:"Inmarsat-4 F2 Satellite Relocating to Cover Middle East and Asia" 1952: 1920: 1715: 1666: 1471: 1362: 626: 547: 427: 232: 181: 173: 4272:"Mobile Satellite Services in Europe: Frequently Asked Questions" 3529:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

1891:(HEO) for reliable coverage. Inmarsat worked in partnership with 509:(GMDSS) to ships and aircraft at no charge, as a public service. 410:

Analysis of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 satellite communications

7022: 6126: 4933: 2843:"U.K. Government Set to Approve US$ 3.4 Billion Inmarsat Buyout" 2817:"UK satellite operator Inmarsat agrees US$ 3.4 billion takeover" 1735: 1725: 1691: 1537:

The "BGAN Family" is a set of IP-based shared-carrier services:

537: 350: 195: 6322: 5230: 4724: 4593:"Inmarsat orders 3 smallsats to bolster L-band safety services" 3994:"Inmarsat, Deutsche Telekom complete European Aviation Network" 3598:. International Launch Services. 19 August 2008. Archived from 5372: 4449:"Inmarsat CEO hints at more advanced Global Xpress satellites" 3757:"Inmarsat to purchase fourth Inmarsat-5 satellite from Boeing" 3088:"Satellite operators Viasat and Inmarsat complete merger deal" 1943:, which will be based on their HummingSat satellite platform. 1711: 4638:"ESA Using Inmarsat for Iris to Open up the Skies - Avionics" 4708: 2766:"UK firm behind Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 breakthrough" 156: 4620:"Satellite Communication for Air Traffic Management (Iris)" 3053:

25 May 2023: Revised statutory deadline following extension

556:

There are three types of coverage related to each Inmarsat

4039:"Europe's Fastest Inflight Wi-Fi Service Expands Coverage" 3596:"ILS Proton successfully launches Inmarsat-4 F3 satellite" 2719:"Inmarsat and Panasonic partner on in-flight connectivity" 1899:(NGIS). Launch for GX-10A and 10B was scheduled for 2022. 552:

Inmarsat Global HQ at 99 City Road, London. (January 2006)

485:

Provisional approval for the merger was given by the UK's

3896:"Global Xpress - Seamless Satellite Broadband - Inmarsat" 709:

Transferred to Intelsat in 2004, decommissioned in 2008

505:. Aside from its commercial services, Inmarsat provides 2981:"Space broadband outfit Viasat acquires rival Inmarsat" 418:

disappeared with 239 passengers and crew en route from

381:

satellite, intended to provide (in association with an

1859:

Inmarsat ordered a fifth Global Xpress satellite from

1843:

faced legal challenges as of 2018, including one from

1626:

The company offers portable and fixed phone services:

426:

remained in contact with Inmarsat's ground station in

3972:"Successful test flight shows EAN on track to launch" 1919:, was successfully launched on 22 December 2021 on a 960:

Reassigned to Maritime safety backup service in 2019

934:

Reassigned to Maritime safety backup service in 2020

1507:. The European Aviation Network uses a ground-based 1163:, BGAN family, Classic Aero, SPS and lease services 1073:, BGAN family, Classic Aero, SPS and lease services 7243: 7124: 7078: 7035: 7010: 6960: 6919: 6912: 6757: 6453: 6444: 6381: 6374: 6208: 6145: 6067: 6031: 5988: 5929: 5863: 5572: 5264: 5171: 5150: 5099: 4993: 4947: 4895: 4814: 4758: 2898:"Inmarsat delists from stock exchange after buyout" 1915:in December 2021. The first of the two satellites, 198:, Indonesia. The unit depicted was manufactured by 151: 139: 129: 114: 99: 88: 80: 62: 52: 42: 7403:Telecommunications companies of the United Kingdom 7096:Internet Telephony Services Providers' Association 4388: 4260:(Press release). European Commission. 14 May 2009. 3713:"Inmarsat launches second Global Xpress satellite" 3473:"Ariane 5 launches satellites for Egypt, Inmarsat" 2919: 2865: 1549:Most terminals also offer circuit-switched Mobile 1423:Country codes phased out on 31 December 2008 were 1102:Transferred from 25° East to 63° East in mid-2015 6350:Telecommunications industry in the United Kingdom 3701:. International Launch Services. 8 December 2013. 1035:, Classic Aero services and other various leases 7423:Telecommunications companies established in 1979 4521:"Inmarsat launch initiates a technology refresh" 2451:"Inmarsat grabs the MacRobert engineering prize" 1499:: Inmarsat offers aviation services through the 2670: 2668: 2419:"Inmarsat to take stake in tracking co SkyWave" 1863:. The satellite launched 26 November 2019 from 1134:, BGAN family, Classic Aero and lease services 7258:British Approvals Board for Telecommunications 3043:. Government Publishing Service. 28 March 2023 2953:"Viasat buying Inmarsat in $ 7.3 billion deal" 337:(Stratos) and acquired a 19-per cent stake in 7443:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange 6334: 5242: 5158:Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems 4736: 4390:"In-flight WiFi battle over Europe takes off" 4295:"Inmarsat and Solaris win EU spectrum rights" 3431:"Maritime Solution Overview-Shane Rossbacher" 310:In April 1999, INMARSAT was succeeded by the 8: 6366:Science and technology in the United Kingdom 3315:"BGAN provides 'eyes and ears' for oil rigs" 2259: 2257: 2255: 2253: 2251: 1923:rocket. The second satellite Inmarsat-6 F2 ( 835:Previous record holder for mission lifespan 28: 6257:Global telecommunications regulation bodies 2232: 2230: 2228: 2226: 2224: 1880:To provide GX coverage to the users in the 444:Takeover by Connect Bidco and privatisation 312:International Mobile Satellite Organization 277:International Mobile Satellite Organization 21:International Mobile Satellite Organization 6916: 6830:London & Provincial District Telegraph 6450: 6378: 6341: 6327: 6319: 6293: 5249: 5235: 5227: 4743: 4729: 4721: 4713: 3733:. Inmarsat. 29 August 2015. Archived from 2203:"Viasat Completes Acquisition of Inmarsat" 1927:6B) was launched on 18 February 2023 on a 1678:Global Maritime Distress and Safety System 805:also known as MARECS-B2, deactivated 2002 507:Global Maritime Distress and Safety System 356:Inmarsat at first provided services using 164: 34: 27: 7050:Defence Science and Technology Laboratory 5184:List of communication satellite companies 3492: 3490: 3365:"How the Inmarsat satellite system works" 2800: 2109: 2107: 2105: 291:International Civil Aviation Organization 285:established in 1979 at the behest of the 7438:Special international telephone services 7225:South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands 3681:"Inmarsat begins Global Xpress roll-out" 3656:"Inmarsat-5 F1, 2, 3, 4 (GX 1, 2, 3, 4)" 3466: 3464: 3462: 2505:"Inmarsat-A Ends Service After 32 Years" 2372:. Investorschronicle.co.uk. 7 March 2008 1694:like services at 64 kbit/s (called 634: 16:British satellite communications company 7303:Interception of Communications Act 1985 5179:List of communications satellite firsts 4503:"MHI launch first Inmarsat 6 satellite" 3283: 3281: 2795:. Royal Institute of Navigation: 1–22. 2101: 1658:These are based on older technologies: 235:network. The company was listed on the 7091:Internet Service Providers Association 5061:Shanghai Spacecom Satellite Technology 3884:(in Chinese). Sohu News. 18 July 2017. 3254:"Transforming satellite newsgathering" 1405:for calling Inmarsat destinations is: 7453:British companies established in 1979 7060:International Telecommunication Union 4401:from the original on 12 December 2022 4216:. Europa (web portal). 22 August 2007 3814:"Inmarsat Confirms Successful Launch" 3625: 3623: 3522:. National Space Science Data Center. 3191: 3189: 2878:from the original on 12 December 2022 2691: 2689: 1951:Inmarsat is participating in two ESA 7: 7408:Technology companies based in London 7364: 6785:British and Irish Magnetic Telegraph 6780:Bonelli's Electric Telegraph Company 6303: 5209: 4485:"Inmarsat awards contract to airbus" 2932:from the original on 12 January 2022 2350:. Satellitetoday.com. 2 January 2006 2131:from the original on 18 October 2022 2115:"Preliminary Full Year Results 2018" 1448:Atlantic Ocean Region – West (AOR-W) 1430:Atlantic Ocean Region – East (AOR-E) 1280:global data services, Global Xpress 1255:global data services, Global Xpress 1226:global data services, Global Xpress 1197:global data services, Global Xpress 7263:British Telecommunications Act 1981 4678:"Inmarsat Interference Information" 4320:"Pan-European numbers and services" 2979:Simon Sharwood (10 November 2021). 2312:Godwin, Matthew (5 December 2007). 1897:Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems 1551:Integrated Services Digital Network 984:Existing and evolved services only 540:regarding handheld voice services. 526:Integrated Services Digital Network 287:International Maritime Organization 7398:Communications satellite operators 4568:Krebs, Gunter (24 November 2021). 4542:Krebs, Gunter (28 February 2022). 3544:"All go for giant comms satellite" 860:World record for mission lifespan 14: 4842:Automatic Tracking Satellite Dish 3500:. Via Satellite. 22 December 2014 3471:Henry, Caleb (26 November 2019). 3395:"Inmarsat Global Xpress Coverage" 2951:Jason Rainbow (8 November 2021). 1800:(ICO), Inmarsat, Solaris Mobile ( 1722:MPDS (Mobile Packet Data Service) 487:Competition and Markets Authority 7363: 7351: 7350: 7333:UK telephone code misconceptions 6302: 6292: 6283: 6282: 6271: 5892:Free-space optical communication 5208: 5197: 5196: 3524: 2431:from the original on 31 May 2022 2370:"Private equity orbits Inmarsat" 1988: 1503:, developed in partnership with 1234:I-5 Pacific, Asia, West Americas 4570:"Inmarsat-6 F1, F2 (GX 6A, 6B)" 4037:Töre, Özgür (19 January 2021). 2864:Fildes, Nic (5 November 2019). 2845:. Bloomberg.com. 9 October 2019 1340:services for European aviation 1176:I-5 Europe, Middle East, Africa 858:Decommissioned in December 2014 497:The Inmarsat head office is at 482:for other planned investments. 7448:1979 establishments in England 7170:British Indian Ocean Territory 6795:Cable & Wireless Worldwide 4591:Rainbow, Jason (19 May 2023). 4544:"Inmarsat-6 F1, 2 (GX 6A, 6B)" 3086:Rainbow, Jason (31 May 2023). 2392:"Inmarsat buys Stratos Global" 1680:(GMDSS) system, equipped with 1476:Inmarsat-3 satellite locations 462:Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan 394:Panasonic Avionics Corporation 283:intergovernmental organisation 253:Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan 1: 7463:2023 mergers and acquisitions 7070:Phone-paid Services Authority 6484:BT Business and Public Sector 6361:Economy of the United Kingdom 3614:"Flawless launch of Alphasat" 3569:Caleb, Henry (10 June 2015). 3065:Freeman, Mike (31 May 2023). 2453:. 8 June 2010. Archived from 2417:Sandle, Paul (1 April 2009). 2294:, Focal Press, 2007, p. 204. 1654:Existing and evolved services 1601:SkyWave Mobile Communications 1546:Broadband Global Area Network 1319:Inmarsat S EAN (Hellas Sat 3) 514:Broadband Global Area Network 347:Broadband Global Area Network 339:SkyWave Mobile Communications 222:telecommunications satellites 7132:British Overseas Territories 6278:Telecommunication portal 6059:Telecommunications equipment 5163:ETSI Satellite Digital Radio 4887:Very-small-aperture terminal 4523:. BBC News. 22 December 2021 3996:. SpaceNews. 5 February 2018 2900:. SpaceNews. 5 December 2019 1454:Chinese mobile phone numbers 833:Decommissioned 19 April 2013 518:General Packet Radio Service 416:Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 404:Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 215:satellite telecommunications 7154:British Antarctic Territory 7045:Broadband Stakeholder Group 6895:Universal Private Telegraph 5795:Alexander Stepanovich Popov 4939:Digital audio radio service 4847:Motor-driven Satellite dish 4423:. SpaceNews. 21 March 2018. 4293:Felix, Bate (14 May 2009). 4139:. June 2015. Archived from 3072:The San Diego Union-Tribune 2676:"European Aviation Network" 2553:"Inmarsat-2 F1, F2, F3, F4" 2396:Washington Business Journal 2314:"Interview with Roy Gibson" 2049:Maritime safety information 1663:Aeronautical (Classic Aero) 1569:: An aeronautical service, 1263:I-5 Europe + in-orbit spare 573:Regional spot beam coverage 503:London Borough of Islington 438:the search for the aircraft 68:; 45 years ago 7484: 6840:National Telephone Company 6800:Electric Telegraph Company 6770:Atlantic Telegraph Company 5499:Telecommunications history 4680:. Inmarsat. Archived from 4451:. SpaceNews. 7 March 2017. 4168:. Inmarsat. Archived from 4166:"our services at a glance" 3952:. SpaceNews. 21 March 2018 3762:. Inmarsat. 7 October 2013 3291:. Inmarsat. Archived from 3202:. Inmarsat. Archived from 3034:"Administrative timetable" 2074:SES Broadband for Maritime 2059:OnAir (telecommunications) 1633:: IsatPhone 2 is a mobile 1436:Pacific Ocean Region (POR) 1414:Single Network Access Code 591:) and broadband services ( 407: 335:Stratos Global Corporation 274: 18: 7433:Satellite Internet access 7346: 7268:British telephone sockets 6401:BT Wholesale and Ventures 6356: 6266: 6107:Public Switched Telephone 5919:telecommunication circuit 5880:Fiber-optic communication 5625:Francis Blake (telephone) 5420:Optical telecommunication 5192: 4994:Relay satellite companies 4791:High-throughput satellite 4776:Satellite Internet access 4437:. SpaceNews. 2 June 2017. 4342:"EuropaSat / HellasSat 3" 3787:. Space X. Archived from 3229:"Global Mobile Broadband" 2802:10.1017/S037346331400068X 2535:"The launch of MARECS B2" 1841:European Aviation Network 1798:ICO Global Communications 1783:European Aviation Network 1767:GAN (Global Area Network) 1501:European Aviation Network 1497:European Aviation Network 1442:Indian Ocean Region (IOR) 1344: 1312:European Aviation Network 1310: 1167: 1039: 910: 809: 735: 661: 582:Narrow spot beam coverage 530:European Aviation Network 33: 7458:Warburg Pincus companies 7278:BT site engineering code 7230:Turks and Caicos Islands 7106:London Internet Exchange 6790:Cable & Wireless plc 6018:Orbital angular-momentum 5455:Satellite communications 5294:Communications satellite 4752:Satellite communications 4465:. SpaceNews. 3 July 2019 2607:"about-usour-satellites" 2004:Mobile-satellite service 1955:programs, IRIS and ICE: 1889:Highly elliptical orbits 1485:High Throughput Services 761:Deactivated August 1996 516:(BGAN) network provides 7428:Apax Partners companies 7328:Telephone numbers in UK 7288:Communications Act 2003 5897:Molecular communication 5720:Gardiner Greene Hubbard 5549:Undersea telegraph line 5284:Cable protection system 5100:Satellite manufacturers 4658:. European Space Agency 3782:"Inmarsat-5 F4 Mission" 3289:"one world, one number" 2337:Jonathan Higgins p. 207 2292:Satellite Newsgathering 1865:Centre Spatial Guyanais 1855:Global Xpress Expansion 1456:starting with 1749. An 1168:Inmarsat-5 (GX) series 613:Centre Spatial Guyanais 366:satellite constellation 298:, Euston Road, London. 200:Thrane & Thrane A/S 57:Satellite communication 7175:British Virgin Islands 6983:Marconi Communications 6039:Communication protocol 5825:Charles Sumner Tainter 5640:Walter Houser Brattain 5585:Edwin Howard Armstrong 5393:Information revolution 4130:"IsatPhone 2 Overview" 3923:. 2015. Archived from 2785:"The Search for MH370" 2089:Wideband Global SATCOM 2039:Iridium Communications 1559:: A maritime service, 1477: 1403:telephone country code 1288:Europe and Middle East 632: 553: 207: 179: 7140:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 6708:Virgin Media Business 6396:Babcock International 6013:Polarization-division 5745:Narinder Singh Kapany 5710:Erna Schneider Hoover 5630:Jagadish Chandra Bose 5610:Alexander Graham Bell 5341:online video platform 4572:. Gunter's Space Page 4322:. European Commission 4274:. Europa (web portal) 4238:. Europa (web portal) 3731:"I-5 F3: the mission" 3602:on 23 September 2008. 3351:marine-electronics.eu 3197:"Enterprise Services" 2789:Journal of Navigation 2348:"Dollars & Sense" 1787:On 30 June 2008, the 1708:Inmarsat D/D+/IsatM2M 1622:Global voice services 1475: 1285:Inmarsat-5 F5 (GX-5) 1260:Inmarsat-5 F4 (GX-4) 1231:Inmarsat-5 F3 (GX-3) 1202:Inmarsat-5 F2 (GX-2) 1173:Inmarsat-5 F1 (GX-1) 630: 551: 499:Old Street Roundabout 473:Acquisition by Viasat 464:. On 9 October 2019, 408:Further information: 327:London Stock Exchange 275:Further information: 237:London Stock Exchange 185: 177: 7293:Earth stations in UK 6820:Gutta Percha Company 6542:Cable & Wireless 6461:Andrews & Arnold 5855:Vladimir K. Zworykin 5815:Almon Brown Strowger 5785:Charles Grafton Page 5440:Prepaid mobile phone 5368:Electrical telegraph 4766:Satellite television 4684:on 12 September 2014 2183:on 21 September 2023 2079:Sky and Space Global 1270:Falcon 9 Full Thrust 1007:Decommissioned 2016 906:Decommissioned 2012 883:Decommissioned 2006 687:Decommissioned 1997 564:Global beam coverage 458:CPP Investment Board 255:, in December 2019. 249:CPP Investment Board 178:Inmarsat-3 satellite 125: million (2018) 110: million (2018) 95: million (2018) 29:Inmarsat Global Ltd. 7413:Satellite telephony 6880:Submarine Telegraph 6815:General Post Office 5805:Johann Philipp Reis 5564:Wireless revolution 5526:The Telephone Cases 5383:Hydraulic telegraph 5151:Trade organizations 5142:Thales Alenia Space 4955:Astra Digital Radio 4948:Broadcast companies 4877:Satellite data unit 4548:Gunter's Space Page 4369:. Inmarsat Aviation 4064:"Inmarsat services" 3974:. Inmarsat Aviation 2928:. 3 December 2019. 2725:. 20 September 2018 2457:on 11 December 2015 2278:1999ESASP.442..127S 1830:Thales Alenia Space 1813:European Commission 1789:European Parliament 1778:Projects since 2008 1567:SwiftBroadband (SB) 1557:FleetBroadband (FB) 599:Global Xpress (I-5) 424:satellite data unit 376:, operating in the 188:satellite telephone 131:Number of employees 30: 7338:Web blocking in UK 7323:Telegraph Act 1885 7318:Telegraph Act 1868 7127:Crown Dependencies 7116:Symbian Foundation 7018:Carphone Warehouse 6491:BT Global Services 6003:Frequency-division 5980:Telephone exchange 5850:Charles Wheatstone 5780:Jun-ichi Nishizawa 5755:Innocenzo Manzetti 5690:Reginald Fessenden 5425:Optical telegraphy 5258:Telecommunications 4970:Sirius XM Holdings 4861:Parabolic antennas 3882:"海事卫星电话1749号段投入使用" 3719:. 2 February 2015. 3687:. 9 December 2013. 3660:space.skyrocket.de 3438:thedigitalship.com 3411:on 1 November 2017 3209:on 17 October 2020 2557:space.skyrocket.de 2515:on 29 January 2019 2290:Jonathan Higgins, 1996:Spaceflight portal 1578:M2M communications 1478: 1458:international call 911:Inmarsat-3 series 810:Inmarsat-2 series 633: 554: 208: 180: 7468:Permira companies 7380: 7379: 7298:Hull Colour Pages 7038:regulatory bodies 7031: 7030: 7006: 7005: 6908: 6907: 6733: 6726: 6710: 6703: 6696: 6689: 6675: 6670: 6653: 6646: 6622: 6615: 6608: 6589: 6565: 6521: 6507: 6500: 6493: 6486: 6479: 6316: 6315: 6054:Store and forward 6049:Data transmission 5963:Network switching 5914:Transmission line 5760:Guglielmo Marconi 5725:Internet pioneers 5590:Mohamed M. Atalla 5559:Whistled language 5224: 5223: 4781:Amateur satellite 4642:aviationtoday.com 3737:on 12 August 2017 3616:. ESA. July 2013. 3550:. 8 November 2005 3130:weather.gmdss.org 2300:978-0-240-51973-9 1811:In May 2009, the 1533:Advanced services 1394: 1393: 1387:18 February 2023 1368:22 December 2021 657:Services / notes 522:Internet Protocol 387:Isotropic Systems 331:Harbinger Capital 172: 171: 7475: 7367: 7366: 7354: 7353: 7235:Tristan da Cunha 7215:Pitcairn Islands 7185:Falkland Islands 7160:Ascension Island 6917: 6729: 6722: 6706: 6699: 6692: 6685: 6673: 6668: 6649: 6642: 6618: 6611: 6604: 6585: 6563:Eclipse Internet 6561: 6537:The Co-operative 6517: 6503: 6496: 6489: 6482: 6475: 6451: 6436:Telehouse Europe 6379: 6343: 6336: 6329: 6320: 6306: 6305: 6296: 6295: 6286: 6285: 6276: 6275: 6274: 6147:Notable networks 6137:Wireless network 6077:Cellular network 6069:Types of network 6044:Computer network 5931:Network topology 5845:Thomas A. Watson 5700:Oliver Heaviside 5685:Philo Farnsworth 5660:Daniel Davis Jr. 5635:Charles Bourseul 5595:John Logie Baird 5304:Data compression 5299:Computer network 5251: 5244: 5237: 5228: 5212: 5211: 5200: 5199: 5127:Northrop Grumman 4806:Carriage dispute 4745: 4738: 4731: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4711: 4709:Official website 4694: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4674: 4668: 4667: 4665: 4663: 4652: 4646: 4645: 4634: 4628: 4627: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4588: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4539: 4533: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4517: 4511: 4510: 4499: 4493: 4492: 4481: 4475: 4474: 4472: 4470: 4459: 4453: 4452: 4445: 4439: 4438: 4431: 4425: 4424: 4417: 4411: 4410: 4408: 4406: 4397:. 5 March 2018. 4392: 4385: 4379: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4363: 4357: 4356: 4354: 4352: 4338: 4332: 4331: 4329: 4327: 4316: 4310: 4309: 4307: 4305: 4290: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4268: 4262: 4261: 4254: 4248: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4232: 4226: 4225: 4223: 4221: 4210: 4204: 4203: 4201: 4199: 4188: 4182: 4181: 4179: 4177: 4162: 4156: 4155: 4153: 4151: 4145: 4134: 4126: 4120: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4104: 4098: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4082: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4071: 4060: 4054: 4053: 4051: 4049: 4034: 4028: 4027: 4025: 4023: 4012: 4006: 4005: 4003: 4001: 3990: 3984: 3983: 3981: 3979: 3968: 3962: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3946: 3940: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3930:on 23 March 2018 3929: 3918: 3914:"Global Express" 3910: 3904: 3903: 3892: 3886: 3885: 3878: 3872: 3871: 3866: 3864: 3853: 3847: 3846: 3841: 3839: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3810: 3804: 3803: 3801: 3799: 3793: 3786: 3778: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3767: 3761: 3753: 3747: 3746: 3744: 3742: 3727: 3721: 3720: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3695: 3689: 3688: 3677: 3671: 3670: 3668: 3666: 3652: 3646: 3645: 3643: 3641: 3631:"Our satellites" 3627: 3618: 3617: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3592: 3586: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3566: 3560: 3559: 3557: 3555: 3540: 3534: 3528: 3527: 3523: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3505: 3494: 3485: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3468: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3447:on 23 March 2018 3446: 3440:. Archived from 3435: 3427: 3421: 3420: 3418: 3416: 3410: 3404:. Archived from 3399: 3391: 3385: 3384: 3382: 3380: 3371:. Archived from 3361: 3355: 3354: 3343: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3326: 3320:. Archived from 3319: 3311: 3305: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3285: 3276: 3275: 3273: 3271: 3265: 3259:. Archived from 3258: 3250: 3244: 3243: 3241: 3239: 3233: 3225: 3219: 3218: 3216: 3214: 3208: 3201: 3193: 3184: 3183: 3172: 3166: 3165: 3163: 3161: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3122: 3116: 3109: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3062: 3056: 3055: 3050: 3048: 3038: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3004: 2998: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2976: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2965: 2948: 2942: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2923: 2916: 2910: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2894: 2888: 2887: 2885: 2883: 2869: 2861: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2830: 2828: 2813: 2807: 2806: 2804: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2772:. 24 March 2014. 2762: 2756: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2741: 2735: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2715: 2709: 2708: 2706: 2704: 2693: 2684: 2683: 2672: 2663: 2662: 2651: 2645: 2644: 2633: 2627: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2617:on 24 March 2018 2613:. Archived from 2603: 2597: 2596: 2585: 2579: 2578: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2549: 2543: 2542: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2511:. Archived from 2501: 2495: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2473: 2467: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2447: 2441: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2414: 2408: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2388: 2382: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2366: 2360: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2344: 2338: 2335: 2329: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2318: 2309: 2303: 2288: 2282: 2281: 2261: 2246: 2245: 2234: 2219: 2218: 2216: 2214: 2199: 2193: 2192: 2190: 2188: 2179:. Archived from 2169: 2163: 2162: 2160: 2158: 2147: 2141: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2130: 2119: 2111: 1998: 1993: 1992: 1991: 1929:Falcon 9 Block 5 1867:(CSG) aboard an 1834:Deutsche Telekom 1793:European Council 1743:Retired services 1607:Global Tracking. 1505:Deutsche Telekom 1390:Failed in orbit 1383:Falcon 9 Block 5 1300:26 November 2019 1052: 981:18 December 1996 957:6 September 1996 880:16 December 1991 802:10 November 1984 780:9 September 1982 758:20 December 1981 684:19 February 1976 635: 619:launch vehicle. 192:natural disaster 168: 163: 160: 158: 124: 109: 102:Operating income 94: 76: 74: 69: 38: 31: 7483: 7482: 7478: 7477: 7476: 7474: 7473: 7472: 7383: 7382: 7381: 7376: 7342: 7245: 7239: 7130: 7120: 7086:GSM Association 7079:Industry bodies 7074: 7037: 7027: 7002: 6978:Marconi Company 6956: 6904: 6753: 6681:Virgin Media O2 6446: 6440: 6383: 6370: 6352: 6347: 6317: 6312: 6272: 6270: 6262: 6204: 6141: 6063: 6027: 5984: 5933: 5925: 5866: 5859: 5765:Robert Metcalfe 5620:Tim Berners-Lee 5568: 5388:Information Age 5260: 5255: 5225: 5220: 5188: 5167: 5146: 5122:Lockheed Martin 5095: 5001:AST SpaceMobile 4989: 4943: 4897:Satellite radio 4891: 4872:Satellite modem 4867:Satellite phone 4852:Multi-satellite 4810: 4796:Relay satellite 4771:Satellite radio 4754: 4749: 4707: 4706: 4703: 4698: 4697: 4687: 4685: 4676: 4675: 4671: 4661: 4659: 4654: 4653: 4649: 4644:. 7 March 2018. 4636: 4635: 4631: 4618: 4617: 4613: 4603: 4601: 4590: 4589: 4585: 4575: 4573: 4567: 4566: 4562: 4552: 4550: 4541: 4540: 4536: 4526: 4524: 4519: 4518: 4514: 4501: 4500: 4496: 4483: 4482: 4478: 4468: 4466: 4461: 4460: 4456: 4447: 4446: 4442: 4433: 4432: 4428: 4419: 4418: 4414: 4404: 4402: 4395:Financial Times 4387: 4386: 4382: 4372: 4370: 4365: 4364: 4360: 4350: 4348: 4340: 4339: 4335: 4325: 4323: 4318: 4317: 4313: 4303: 4301: 4292: 4291: 4287: 4277: 4275: 4270: 4269: 4265: 4256: 4255: 4251: 4241: 4239: 4234: 4233: 4229: 4219: 4217: 4212: 4211: 4207: 4197: 4195: 4190: 4189: 4185: 4175: 4173: 4172:on 13 July 2011 4164: 4163: 4159: 4149: 4147: 4143: 4132: 4128: 4127: 4123: 4113: 4111: 4106: 4105: 4101: 4091: 4089: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4069: 4067: 4062: 4061: 4057: 4047: 4045: 4036: 4035: 4031: 4021: 4019: 4014: 4013: 4009: 3999: 3997: 3992: 3991: 3987: 3977: 3975: 3970: 3969: 3965: 3955: 3953: 3948: 3947: 3943: 3933: 3931: 3927: 3916: 3912: 3911: 3907: 3894: 3893: 3889: 3880: 3879: 3875: 3862: 3860: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3837: 3835: 3830: 3829: 3825: 3812: 3811: 3807: 3797: 3795: 3794:on 12 July 2017 3791: 3784: 3780: 3779: 3775: 3765: 3763: 3760:(Press Release) 3759: 3755: 3754: 3750: 3740: 3738: 3729: 3728: 3724: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3699:"Inmarsat-5 F1" 3697: 3696: 3692: 3679: 3678: 3674: 3664: 3662: 3654: 3653: 3649: 3639: 3637: 3629: 3628: 3621: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3594: 3593: 3589: 3579: 3577: 3568: 3567: 3563: 3553: 3551: 3542: 3541: 3537: 3525: 3520:"Inmarsat-4 F1" 3518: 3517: 3513: 3503: 3501: 3496: 3495: 3488: 3478: 3476: 3470: 3469: 3460: 3450: 3448: 3444: 3433: 3429: 3428: 3424: 3414: 3412: 3408: 3397: 3393: 3392: 3388: 3378: 3376: 3363: 3362: 3358: 3345: 3344: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3327:on 13 July 2011 3324: 3317: 3313: 3312: 3308: 3298: 3296: 3295:on 13 July 2011 3287: 3286: 3279: 3269: 3267: 3266:on 13 July 2011 3263: 3256: 3252: 3251: 3247: 3237: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3226: 3222: 3212: 3210: 3206: 3199: 3195: 3194: 3187: 3174: 3173: 3169: 3159: 3157: 3149: 3148: 3144: 3134: 3132: 3126:"GMDSS weather" 3124: 3123: 3119: 3110: 3106: 3096: 3094: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3064: 3063: 3059: 3046: 3044: 3036: 3032: 3031: 3027: 3017: 3015: 3006: 3005: 3001: 2991: 2989: 2978: 2977: 2973: 2963: 2961: 2950: 2949: 2945: 2935: 2933: 2918: 2917: 2913: 2903: 2901: 2896: 2895: 2891: 2881: 2879: 2872:Financial Times 2863: 2862: 2858: 2848: 2846: 2841: 2840: 2836: 2826: 2824: 2823:. 25 March 2019 2815: 2814: 2810: 2782: 2781: 2777: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2749: 2747: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2728: 2726: 2717: 2716: 2712: 2702: 2700: 2699:. 13 March 2018 2695: 2694: 2687: 2674: 2673: 2666: 2653: 2652: 2648: 2637:"Global Xpress" 2635: 2634: 2630: 2620: 2618: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2569: 2568: 2564: 2551: 2550: 2546: 2533: 2532: 2528: 2518: 2516: 2503: 2502: 2498: 2488: 2486: 2475: 2474: 2470: 2460: 2458: 2449: 2448: 2444: 2434: 2432: 2416: 2415: 2411: 2401: 2399: 2398:. 16 April 2009 2390: 2389: 2385: 2375: 2373: 2368: 2367: 2363: 2353: 2351: 2346: 2345: 2341: 2336: 2332: 2322: 2320: 2316: 2311: 2310: 2306: 2289: 2285: 2263: 2262: 2249: 2244:on 7 June 2011. 2236: 2235: 2222: 2212: 2210: 2201: 2200: 2196: 2186: 2184: 2171: 2170: 2166: 2156: 2154: 2149: 2148: 2144: 2134: 2132: 2128: 2117: 2113: 2112: 2103: 2098: 2029:Globalsat Group 2009:Satellite phone 1994: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1971: 1964:communications. 1949: 1937: 1905: 1857: 1802:EchoStar Mobile 1785: 1780: 1745: 1670:64 (see below). 1656: 1635:satellite phone 1624: 1580: 1535: 1487: 1470: 1399: 1220:2 February 2015 1191:8 December 2013 1094:8 November 2005 1048: 1029:4 February 1998 859: 834: 830:30 October 1990 783:Launch failure 731:Decommissioned 706:14 October 1976 625: 601: 584: 575: 566: 546: 495: 475: 446: 414:In March 2014, 412: 406: 343:MacRobert Award 304: 279: 273: 268: 190:in use after a 155: 132: 122: 119: 107: 104: 92: 84:London, England 72: 70: 67: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7481: 7479: 7471: 7470: 7465: 7460: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7418:English brands 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7385: 7384: 7378: 7377: 7375: 7374: 7361: 7347: 7344: 7343: 7341: 7340: 7335: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7308:Internet in UK 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7249: 7247: 7241: 7240: 7238: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7222: 7217: 7212: 7207: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7180:Cayman Islands 7177: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7147: 7142: 7136: 7134: 7122: 7121: 7119: 7118: 7113: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7093: 7088: 7082: 7080: 7076: 7075: 7073: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7041: 7039: 7036:Government and 7033: 7032: 7029: 7028: 7026: 7025: 7020: 7014: 7012: 7008: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7001: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6964: 6962: 6958: 6957: 6955: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6929: 6923: 6921: 6914: 6910: 6909: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6767: 6761: 6759: 6755: 6754: 6752: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6735: 6734: 6727: 6715: 6714: 6713: 6712: 6711: 6697: 6690: 6678: 6677: 6676: 6671: 6664:Trunk Networks 6661: 6656: 6655: 6654: 6647: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6624: 6623: 6616: 6609: 6597: 6592: 6591: 6590: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6567: 6566: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6523: 6522: 6510: 6509: 6508: 6501: 6494: 6487: 6480: 6468: 6463: 6457: 6455: 6448: 6442: 6441: 6439: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6387: 6385: 6382:Infrastructure 6376: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6368: 6363: 6357: 6354: 6353: 6348: 6346: 6345: 6338: 6331: 6323: 6314: 6313: 6311: 6310: 6300: 6290: 6280: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6261: 6260: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6232: 6231: 6226: 6218: 6212: 6210: 6206: 6205: 6203: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6151: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6140: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6073: 6071: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6035: 6033: 6029: 6028: 6026: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5998:Space-division 5994: 5992: 5986: 5985: 5983: 5982: 5977: 5976: 5975: 5970: 5960: 5959: 5958: 5948: 5943: 5937: 5935: 5927: 5926: 5924: 5923: 5922: 5921: 5911: 5910: 5909: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5888: 5887: 5877: 5871: 5869: 5861: 5860: 5858: 5857: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5835:Camille Tissot 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5810:Claude Shannon 5807: 5802: 5800:Tivadar Puskás 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5770:Antonio Meucci 5767: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5740:Charles K. Kao 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5715:Harold Hopkins 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5615:Emile Berliner 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5576: 5574: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5554:Videotelephony 5551: 5546: 5545: 5544: 5539: 5529: 5522: 5517: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5490: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5469: 5468: 5467: 5457: 5452: 5450:Radiotelephone 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5416: 5415: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5354: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5336:Internet video 5328: 5327: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5270: 5268: 5262: 5261: 5256: 5254: 5253: 5246: 5239: 5231: 5222: 5221: 5219: 5218: 5206: 5193: 5190: 5189: 5187: 5186: 5181: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5160: 5154: 5152: 5148: 5147: 5145: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5103: 5101: 5097: 5096: 5094: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4997: 4995: 4991: 4990: 4988: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4951: 4949: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4905: 4903: 4893: 4892: 4890: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4857:Satellite dish 4854: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4786:Ground station 4783: 4778: 4773: 4768: 4762: 4760: 4756: 4755: 4750: 4748: 4747: 4740: 4733: 4725: 4719: 4718: 4702: 4701:External links 4699: 4696: 4695: 4669: 4647: 4629: 4611: 4583: 4560: 4534: 4512: 4494: 4476: 4454: 4440: 4426: 4412: 4380: 4358: 4333: 4311: 4285: 4263: 4249: 4227: 4205: 4183: 4157: 4146:on 28 May 2016 4121: 4099: 4077: 4055: 4029: 4007: 3985: 3963: 3941: 3905: 3887: 3873: 3848: 3823: 3805: 3773: 3748: 3722: 3704: 3690: 3672: 3647: 3619: 3605: 3587: 3561: 3535: 3511: 3486: 3458: 3422: 3386: 3356: 3338: 3306: 3277: 3245: 3220: 3185: 3167: 3142: 3117: 3113:Privacy Policy 3104: 3078: 3057: 3025: 3014:. 1 March 2023 2999: 2971: 2943: 2911: 2889: 2856: 2834: 2808: 2775: 2757: 2736: 2710: 2685: 2664: 2646: 2628: 2598: 2580: 2562: 2544: 2526: 2496: 2468: 2442: 2409: 2383: 2361: 2339: 2330: 2304: 2283: 2247: 2220: 2194: 2164: 2142: 2100: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2093: 2092: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2069:Radiotelephone 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2000: 1999: 1983: 1980: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1965: 1961: 1948: 1945: 1936: 1933: 1904: 1901: 1876:Polar Coverage 1856: 1853: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1775: 1774: 1764: 1758: 1752: 1744: 1741: 1740: 1739: 1729: 1719: 1705: 1699: 1685: 1671: 1655: 1652: 1651: 1650: 1644: 1641:IsatPhone Link 1638: 1623: 1620: 1619: 1618: 1608: 1594: 1591:data reporting 1579: 1576: 1575: 1574: 1571:SwiftBroadband 1564: 1561:FleetBroadband 1554: 1534: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1494: 1486: 1483: 1469: 1466: 1462:Mainland China 1450: 1449: 1443: 1437: 1431: 1418: 1417: 1401:The permanent 1398: 1395: 1392: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1380: 1378: 1376: 1370: 1369: 1366: 1360: 1358: 1356: 1350: 1349: 1342: 1341: 1335: 1332: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1315: 1314: 1308: 1307: 1301: 1298: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1282: 1281: 1275: 1272: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1257: 1256: 1250: 1249:28 August 2015 1247: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1228: 1227: 1221: 1218: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1199: 1198: 1192: 1189: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1170: 1169: 1165: 1164: 1158: 1155: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140:Inmarsat-4A F4 1136: 1135: 1129: 1128:18 August 2008 1126: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1105: 1104: 1095: 1092: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1075: 1074: 1068: 1065: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1045: 1044: 1037: 1036: 1030: 1027: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1009: 1008: 1005: 1002: 996: 994: 992: 986: 985: 982: 979: 973: 970: 968: 962: 961: 958: 955: 946: 944: 942: 936: 935: 932: 929: 923: 921: 919: 913: 912: 908: 907: 904: 901: 895: 893: 891: 885: 884: 881: 878: 872: 870: 868: 862: 861: 856: 853: 847: 845: 843: 837: 836: 831: 828: 822: 820: 818: 812: 811: 807: 806: 803: 800: 795: 793: 791: 785: 784: 781: 778: 773: 771: 769: 763: 762: 759: 756: 751: 749: 747: 741: 740: 733: 732: 729: 726: 721: 719: 717: 711: 710: 707: 704: 699: 697: 695: 689: 688: 685: 682: 677: 675: 673: 667: 666: 659: 658: 655: 648: 645: 642: 639: 624: 621: 605:I-5 satellites 600: 597: 583: 580: 574: 571: 565: 562: 545: 542: 494: 491: 474: 471: 454:Warburg Pincus 445: 442: 405: 402: 303: 300: 272: 269: 267: 264: 245:Warburg Pincus 206:. (April 2005) 170: 169: 153: 149: 148: 143: 137: 136: 133: 130: 127: 126: 120: 115: 112: 111: 105: 100: 97: 96: 90: 86: 85: 82: 78: 77: 64: 60: 59: 54: 50: 49: 44: 40: 39: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7480: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7390: 7388: 7373: 7372: 7362: 7360: 7359: 7349: 7348: 7345: 7339: 7336: 7334: 7331: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7313:Telegraph Act 7311: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7253:Adastral Park 7251: 7250: 7248: 7242: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7155: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7137: 7135: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7083: 7081: 7077: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7042: 7040: 7034: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7015: 7013: 7009: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6965: 6963: 6959: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6924: 6922: 6918: 6915: 6911: 6901: 6900:Virgin Mobile 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6775:Be Un Limited 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6756: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6732: 6728: 6725: 6721: 6720: 6719: 6716: 6709: 6705: 6704: 6702: 6698: 6695: 6691: 6688: 6684: 6683: 6682: 6679: 6672: 6667: 6666: 6665: 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