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74:) the photographed action at various points. Intertitles used to convey character dialogue are referred to as "dialogue intertitles", and those used to provide related descriptive/narrative material are referred to as "expository intertitles". In modern usage, the terms refer to similar text and logo material inserted at or near the start or end of films and television shows.
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format and recorded directly onto the film. Several specialty accessories from this period such as Sony's HVT-2100 Titler and cameras such as
Matsushita's Quasar VK-743 and Zenith VC-1800 could be used to generate intertitles for home movies. Early 1980s video game consoles and applications catering
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aficionados to intertitle their works post-production led to the development of a number of innovative approaches to the challenge. Frequently lacking access to high-quality film dubbing and splicing equipment, amateur film makers must plan ahead when making a film to allow space for filming an
238:" of a film or multimedia production by use as a title card. However, they are most commonly used as part of a historical drama's epilogue to explain what happened to the depicted characters and events after the conclusion of the story proper.
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intertitle over the existing film. Intertitles may be printed neatly on a piece of paper, a card, or a piece of cardboard and filmed, or they may be formed from adhesive strips and affixed to glass. In the early 1980s,
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device (they were common for providing narration, but not dialogue, well into the 1930s), but they are occasionally still used as an artistic device. For instance, intertitles were used as a
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as the first
British film to use intertitles. Film scholar Kamilla Elliott identifies another early use of intertitles in the 1901 British film
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is a modern filmmaker known for recreating the style of older films, and uses intertitles appropriately. Some locally produced shows, such as
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once the films became of sufficient length and detail to necessitate dialogue or narration to make sense of the enacted or documented events.
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were also adapted for the generation and recording of intertitles for home films. Among these were included the
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and its related spinoffs used them to give not only the location, but also the date of the upcoming scene.
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Nagels, Katherine (2012). "'Those funny subtitles': Silent film intertitles in exhibition and discourse".
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Woodcock, Roderick (May 1983). "The TV Den: Understanding
Techniques and Technology".
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presentation in 1929 included an award for "Best
Writing – Title Cards" that went to
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uses them to give location, date and information on distant events beyond
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The
British Film Catalogue, by Denis Gifford (Routledge, 2016), page 142.
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technology improved to the point where intertitles could be created in
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70:, is a piece of filmed, printed text edited into the midst of (hence,
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Chisholm, Brad (1987). Marsden, Michael T.; Nachbar, John G. (eds.).
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635:. Vol. 7, no. 2. Reese Communications. pp. 20–21.
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Intertitles have also had a long history in the area of
576:"The 1st Academy Awards (1929) Nominees and Winners"
226:In modern use, intertitles are used to supply an
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580:Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences
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359:Acknowledgment (creative arts and sciences)
344:cartridge), and the intertitle-specialized
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214:Learn how and when to remove this message
442:Journal of Popular Film & Television
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245:slowly eliminated their utility as a
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548:Elliot, Kamilla (27 November 2003).
192:adding citations to reliable sources
86:, intertitles were mostly called "
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98:motifs. They were a mainstay of
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415:WGA screenwriting credit system
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340:program or the more advanced
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47:Cinema etiquette title card (
27:Piece of filmed, printed text
510:10.1080/17460654.2012.724570
498:Early Popular Visual Culture
324:(using programs such as the
119:Scrooge, or, Marley's Ghost
36:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
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664:Film and video terminology
105:The British Film Catalogue
384:Digital on-screen graphic
364:Billing (performing arts)
90:", but also "leaders", "
241:The development of the
110:Our New General Servant
674:Television terminology
379:Credit (creative arts)
108:credits the 1898 film
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437:"Reading Intertitles"
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602:"Best Title Writing"
451:Taylor & Francis
336:(using the built-in
188:improve this section
124:first Academy Awards
369:Character generator
139:Laugh, Clown, Laugh
328:cartridge and the
259:. The BBC's drama
66:, also known as a
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551:Dickens on Screen
322:Magnavox Odyssey²
305:digital recording
298:. The efforts of
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145:Telling the World
128:Joseph W. Farnham
16:(Redirected from
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334:Bally Astrocade
326:Type & Talk
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272:Law & Order
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84:silent film era
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100:silent films
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611:12 November
390:Lower third
290:Amateur use
52: 1912
18:Intertitles
658:Categories
422:References
338:Scribbling
314:demo scene
300:home movie
284:game shows
277:Guy Maddin
243:soundtrack
156:Modern use
133:Fair Co-Ed
68:title card
64:intertitle
641:0147-8907
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405:Surtitles
400:Subtitles
281:quiz bowl
267:Sheffield
247:narrative
175:does not
88:subtitles
475:80640493
352:See also
228:epigraph
96:Art Deco
92:captions
586:25 June
453:: 137.
312:to the
262:Threads
256:Frasier
251:gimmick
196:removed
181:sources
150:talkies
82:In the
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330:Voice
62:, an
60:films
637:ISSN
613:2012
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514:ISSN
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236:acts
232:poem
179:any
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