1128:
814:
1124:. They still practice their traditional trade as coppersmiths and metal workers. Some Kalderash still travel around the French provinces although most are now sedentary. Despite frequent contact with non-Roma throughout their daily lives and economic activity, the Kalderash have managed to keep a degree of invisibility within French society that allows them to practice their traditional culture without fear of assimilation. In 2005, there was estimated to be about 8,000 Kalderash Roma living in France.
1649:
1196:) in terms of wealth and prosperity. Certain wealthy Kalderash vitsi in the U.S. have been able to achieve a higher level of wealth and consider themselves to be cleaner than lower class Kalderash vitsi. Unlike the more nationalistic Kalderash in Eastern Europe, American Kalderash are reluctant to take up any public political roles or bring attention to themselves; benefiting off of the relative invisibility they experience in the west. According to studies done on the Kalderash clans of
40:
1154:. Johan Taikon was a highly skilled copper and silversmith who would make elaborate metal craft at night in the makeshift workshops of the camps, primarily for use within the Swedish Roma community. He also derived part of his income from mending and tinning copper pots all over Sweden, which gave him brief and momentary access to the exclusionary Swedish society that was being shaped along the particular lines of Swedish national identity. Johan Taikon's daughter,
1306:
1021:
1090:
1236:
712:
550:
620:
1150:. During the late 19th and early 20th century, many Kalderash Roma from Russia migrated to Sweden. The Kalderash were the first and most numerous foreign Romani group to migrate and settle in the country. The most common occupations of the Kalderash of Sweden were tinning and coppersmithing. One of the most prominent Kalderash clans of Sweden were the
1297:
in Romani law. The absence of water, "dryness", has negative connotations in Romani culture. After having visited the house this character can also vomit out some "pulp" which usually turns to be a luck bringing blessing by Mam'orry. This "pulp" could be used as a basis for a "mascot" which brings luck and happiness to its possessor.
1296:
character that almost always appears in
Kalderash folklore as an old woman. She fulfills certain character forming activities based on Romani law and society such as visiting a person in order to ask for some water. This is related to the prohibition of lack of water in a tent or at a house at night
1317:
denominations. Historically the
Kalderash have followed the majority religion of their host country such as Eastern Orthodoxy in Romania and Roman Catholicism in Hungary. However, there has been a rising Pentecostal movement among Kalderash Roma of all countries since at least the 20th century.
996:. During the late 19th century, large migrations of the former Kalderash slaves of Romania to the neighboring countries of Serbia and then Bosnia occurred. They speak Kalderash Romani and are mostly concentrated around
1276:. Many traditional Roma still pray to God through Kali Sara in the Shakta tradition. During communist times, many Balkan Kalderash were barred from attending the sacred pilgrimage of Kali Sara, known to them as
667:) of Romani people in Europe by certain ethnographers. The Kalderash are recognized as the most numerous confederation of the three. Each main confederation is further split up into two or more subgroups (
683:
Roma groups. Because of this, significant differences in speech and culture can be seen in
Western and Eastern Kalderash populations; as evidenced in the differences between the eastern Kalderash of
1050:
to Russia and
Ukraine between the end of the 19th and the first 30 years of the 20th century following the abolition of Slavery in Romania. They spread throughout Ukraine and Russia migrating from
1880:
1066:
that aimed at bringing a settled way of life to the nomadic
Kalderash Roma. This resulted in the Kalderash becoming actively involved in cooperatives and establishing their own Romani production
950:
entered the
Bulgarian territory in an event coined by certain ethnographers as the "Kalderash Invasion." In addition, a large part of the Kalderash migrated from Romania to Bulgaria through the
1721:
Here the name is
Kalderash, designating several groups of Roma who migrated out of present-day Romania (then Wallachia) in the 1860s, when they were liberated after some 500 years of slavery.
2315:
868:, the Kalderash are associated with a tradition of artisans especially that of copper and tin smithing. The head of Kalderash communities in Romania is associated with a chief known as a
858:
and
Romanian is prevalent among the Kalderash of Romania. Traditional societal traits of the Kalderash of Romania include endogamy, cross-cousin marriage, and customary courts known as
1799:
They spread throughout
Ukraine migrating from Bessarabia to the north and east. There are about two hundred thousand Caldarari living in Romania, although the exact number isn't known.
1162:, also a daughter of Johan Taikon, was a prominent Romani activist and leader in the civil rights movement. The dialect of Kalderash Romani spoken in Sweden is commonly referred to as
2186:
Patrick
Williams (1982). "The invisibility of the Kalderash of Paris: some aspects of the economic activity and settlement patterns of the Kalderash Rom of the Paris suburbs".
1825:
Among the most traditional of Romani groups, the Kalderash number about 200,000 in Romania, or 10 percent of a broader Romanian Romani population estimated at up to 2 million.
2249:
Claude Cahn (2010). "Lawmaking in Traditional Romani Communities and International Human Rights Law and Norms: Case Study of the Real and Potential Role of the Romani Kris".
1127:
1523:
The genealogy of the Gypsies is highly complex, but they are divided into three principal tribal groups– the Kalderash, the Gitanos, and the Manush(also called the Sinti).
1078:. The artels lasted until the 1980s and became a vibrant part of the oral history of the Kalderash families. During the artel period, most Kalderash camps were located in
813:
946:. During the 18th and especially during the 19th centuries following the abolition of Slavery in Romania, Roma from the Romanian principalities of Wallachia and
1284:
each year during May. Now, the Kalderash Roma of Canada, Latin America, and the Balkans all have their own traditions on how they venerate the saint Kali Sara.
525:
962:
and Kalaydji, as well as, further branches within these subgroups such as "Grebenari", "Bakarjii", "Reshetari", etc. The Kalderash of Bulgaria mostly practice
2271:
Similarly, the very large Kalderash community of Sweden asserts a community history of Russian origins, although the dialect has evidently Romanian influences
3064:
1120:
is a town in the fringe of Paris with the largest Kalderash settlement in France. The Kalderash of Montreuil first arrived in France in 1941 following the
2936:
958:
before finally reaching Bulgaria. The Kalderash are the second largest Romani confederation in Bulgaria and are split up into 2 main subgroups: the
3197:
983:
579:
302:
2862:
872:
that has varying degrees of authority based on their locality. The Kalderash of Romania are further broken down into many different subgroups(
553:
2906:
2369:
2264:
1714:
1063:
511:
3509:
3458:
3392:
3232:
1625:
The Rais cite surprising similarities between the metalworking Kalderash of Greece and Italy and their Gadia Lohar counterparts at home.
515:
507:
332:
1256:, is an important saint in the traditional religion of the Kalderash. The traditional Kalderash Roma religion involves a syncretism of
1204:
jobs such as automobile body repair, roofing, stove cleaning, and other short term jobs that allows them to maintain their traditional
3262:
1175:
362:
1437:
675:) based on a combination of factors such as occupation, ancestry, or territorial origin. Although originally referring to a specific
2809:
2741:
2712:
2668:
2490:
2461:
2398:
2230:
2170:
1592:
1558:
2156:
1945:
3347:
3337:
3059:
432:
422:
211:
49:
3237:
1765:
they migrated en masse out of Romania after the abolition of slavery, phenomenon that is known as the great Kalderash migration
337:
1609:
1550:
1074:. These industrial artels helped the Kalderash successfully adapt their traditional craft to the new economic reality of the
39:
2795:
2929:
1784:
3416:
3105:
2909:
1117:
487:
417:
79:
2696:
171:
3504:
3332:
2660:
2655:
2525:
1062:
led them to initial prosperity. At the end of the 1920s and the beginning of the 1930s, the state took on a policy of
966:
and are bilingual in Kalderash Romani and Bulgarian. The customary courts of the Bulgarian Kalderash are known as the
572:
412:
1402:
1180:
The Kalderash are the largest subgroup of Romani people and comprise a majority of the urban Roma population in the
1054:
to the north and east. They soon became a relatively numerous group in Russia and their traditional occupations of
3494:
3489:
3317:
3177:
3172:
2954:
2292:
2090:
1946:"Virginity and early marriage customs in relation to children's rights among Chergashe Roma from Serbia and Bosnia"
1742:
1490:
1398:
1205:
1201:
536:
402:
282:
277:
114:
99:
59:
3499:
3382:
3377:
3357:
3217:
3207:
933:
855:
609:
472:
467:
447:
317:
312:
1918:
3453:
3436:
3426:
3362:
3327:
3287:
3277:
3267:
3252:
3242:
3222:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3167:
3162:
2922:
1668:
1033:
825:
531:
497:
452:
427:
382:
377:
367:
352:
347:
342:
322:
297:
292:
287:
272:
2730:
Faith and Revivalism in a Nordic Romani Community: Pentecostalism Amongst the Kaale Roma of Sweden and Finland
1842:"The Ethno-cultural Belongingness of Kalderash, Rudars, Tatars, and Turks in Romania and Bulgaria (1990-2012)"
1578:
818:
3431:
3411:
3372:
3367:
3352:
3342:
3322:
3307:
3302:
3272:
3257:
3227:
3212:
3202:
2801:
2035:
1452:
1141:
1109:
1103:
1043:
1029:
979:
963:
688:
652:
492:
482:
462:
457:
442:
437:
407:
397:
392:
372:
357:
327:
307:
3484:
3421:
3406:
3387:
3312:
3297:
3247:
2001:
1746:
1648:
1082:, however, after the dissolution of the artels, the Kalderash migrated all over Russia and other parts of
993:
565:
387:
3282:
3089:
2733:
2562:
1681:
1313:
The majority of Kalderash Roma follow Christianity, practicing the Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, or
1273:
1121:
104:
3397:
2506:
2081:
1613:
1253:
938:
The Kalderash are one of the 5 main Romani subgroups living in Bulgaria along with the Daskane Roma,
680:
613:
1751:
1352:, Romanian writer, musician (of the Wallachia region); theorized to have had a Romani father of the
3069:
2704:
1343:
860:
231:
2827:
3479:
2434:
2342:
2330:
2203:
2162:
2126:
2102:
1970:
1958:
1892:
1819:
1677:
1510:
1464:
835:
768:
752:
744:
1989:
1188:. However, there is considerable variability in the status of the various Kalderash subgroups (
2902:
2873:
2805:
2773:
2737:
2708:
2674:
2664:
2600:
2537:
2486:
2457:
2394:
2365:
2260:
2226:
2195:
2166:
2152:
2131:
2061:
2013:
1922:
1910:
1853:
1790:
1780:
1756:
1710:
1588:
1554:
1542:
1514:
1333:
736:
191:
2250:
691:. Certain scholars have suggested a connection between occupational Romani subgroups and the
3448:
2840:
2650:
2426:
2334:
2296:
2256:
2094:
2051:
2005:
1962:
1884:
1584:
1456:
1339:
1047:
1012:
to escape the economic and social oppression that Balkan Roma face in their home countries.
776:
521:
2990:
2945:
2482:
2047:
1359:
1281:
1230:
1209:
1189:
1184:. The Kalderash are generally less wealthy than other Roma groups in the U.S. such as the
1159:
1083:
951:
803:
728:
668:
660:
264:
146:
84:
74:
23:
2761:
1116:. It is estimated that they have been gradually settling there since at least the 1940s.
2121:
2079:
Alaina Lemon (1991). "Roma (Gypsies) in the Soviet Union and the Moscow Teatr 'Romen'".
1841:
1482:
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica (May 6, 2021). "Kalderash: Roma Confederation".
3292:
1914:
1813:
1314:
1020:
1009:
760:
644:
54:
2618:
1305:
1158:, was the first Roma silversmith in Sweden, who pursued a formal jewellery education.
1038:
The Kalderash Roma are one of the most populous Romani groups in Russia following the
3473:
3074:
3042:
2980:
2438:
2390:
2346:
2106:
1974:
1888:
1378:
1181:
939:
864:
in Southern Transylvania and Wallachia. As revealed by their traditional ethnonym of
676:
597:
251:
236:
141:
109:
31:
1871:
Alexey Pamporov (2007). "Sold Like a Donkey? Bride-Price among the Bulgarian Roma".
896:, in Southern Dobruja. Intra-ethnic marriages have united various subgroups such as
3441:
3125:
3120:
3010:
3005:
2417:
William Kornblum, Paul Lichter (1972). "Urban Gypsies and the Culture of Poverty".
1261:
1075:
605:
501:
186:
161:
94:
89:
69:
64:
2338:
1966:
1685:
1309:
Bistrița Monastery; considered a Holy place among Eastern Orthodox Kalderash Roma
1208:. The Kalderash are one of the more traditional groups of Roma and have resisted
3137:
3049:
3037:
2701:
European Social Integration and the Roma: Questioning Neoliberal Governmentality
2283:
Montesino, Norma (2001). "The 'Gypsy Question' and the Gypsy expert in Sweden".
1702:
1433:
1365:
1272:
and became a saint as a way for Roma to practice their religion without fear of
1243:
1155:
1067:
834:
and to have migrated to different parts of the world following the abolition of
830:
The Kalderash Roma are hypothesized to originate in the territory of modern-day
601:
216:
131:
2430:
1086:. The Kalderash of Russia are mostly bilingual in Kalderash Romani and Russian.
779:) is an occupational ethnonym which descends ultimately from the Romanian word
3132:
3110:
3054:
3000:
2558:
2098:
2036:"The Kalderash Gypsies of Russia in Industrial Cooperation of the 1920s–1930s"
1690:…we hardly find Kalderash away from Romanian-speaking territories before 1800…
1663:
1641:
1538:
1349:
1327:
1089:
1051:
1039:
1005:
997:
632:
623:
The three main confederations of Romani people in Europe, Kalderash (yellow),
226:
221:
201:
2882:
The family were Kalderash Roma who came to Sweden from Russia through Finland
2877:
2777:
2604:
2541:
2199:
2135:
2065:
2017:
1857:
1760:
1636:
1483:
846:
still living in Romania, although the exact number is unknown. The region of
2995:
2678:
2009:
1235:
851:
711:
156:
1919:"Joint Programme: Roma Women's Access to Justice-Bulgaria: Country Profile"
619:
2844:
2056:
679:
of traditional coppersmiths, the name Kalderash is now applied to several
3032:
3025:
2623:
1265:
1257:
1059:
1001:
947:
206:
2863:"Beauty and Struggle: An article about the jewellery artist Rosa Taikon"
2591:[Mythological Characters among the Kalderash Roma: "Mam'orry"].
2207:
3115:
1896:
1794:
1518:
1342:, Romanian Romani activist, Pentecostal minister, and self-proclaimed "
1197:
1055:
847:
831:
648:
640:
477:
181:
166:
2300:
1468:
608:
and speak a number of Romani dialects grouped together under the term
3084:
3020:
2985:
2975:
2536:(2). Cachoeira: Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia: 136–158.
1147:
1079:
959:
955:
943:
791:
684:
246:
196:
151:
136:
2653:. In Janice L. Reiff; Ann Durkin Keating; James R. Grossman (eds.).
2588:
992:
Roma are a primarily Kalderash subgroup living mostly in Serbia and
1460:
3142:
3079:
2914:
2316:"The Politics of Borders in the Emergence of Modern Swedish Craft"
1304:
1234:
1213:
1126:
1113:
1088:
812:
784:
710:
700:
699:; with the Kalderash being described as an ancestral stock of the
696:
692:
656:
618:
241:
2697:"Romani Pentecostalism vs semilogical state apparatus of capture"
2237:
France 10,000 (population includes 8,000 Kalderash; 2,000 Lovari)
2748:
Pentecostalism has continued to grow among the Swedish Kalderash
1705:(2017). Lowery A. Woodall (III); Mary Ellen Iatropoulos (eds.).
1293:
1269:
1112:, the Kalderash Roma are concentrated in the eastern suburbs of
2918:
2524:
Carliane Sandes Alves Gomes, Cássio Lopes da Cruz Novo (2020).
1664:"Rom Migrations and the End of Slavery: A Rejoinder to Fraser"
1610:"Nomadic Caravan's folklore project brings communities closer"
2526:"Blessings Lives: Queen of the Place's Multiterritorialities"
1881:
Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
1786:
Kalderash New Testament and Psalms/E Nevi Viasta ai O Psalmo
1146:
The Kalderash form one of the largest Romani communities in
1093:
An elderly woman of the Kalderash Roma ethnicity in diaspora
1008:, many Serbian and Bosnian Kalderash have immigrated to the
715:
A traditional Kalderash Roma metalsmith from Hungary in 1892
854:
and the Romanian-Bulgarian border regions. Bilingualism of
2828:"De Anton Pann à Matéo Maximoff. Le genre de l'adaptation"
2772:(5). Piteşti: Editura Universităţii din Piteşti: 306–312.
1362:, Swedish Romani activist and author of books for children
1024:
A Kalderash woman from a camp that stopped in Moscow, 1925
1990:"Les réfugiés Roms de Bosnie et de Serbie au Royaume-Uni"
850:
is a major center of Kalderash settlement, as well as,
2589:"Мифологические персонажи цыган-кэлдэраров: "мамёрры""
1212:
more rigorously than other Roma subgroups such as the
817:
Eight-spoked wheel flag used by the Kalderash Roma of
2513:. United States: Marquis Academic Media. p. 572.
1709:. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 132.
659:, are seen as one of the three main confederations (
3155:
3098:
2968:
2961:
1131:
Kalderash Roma family in Sweden, early 20th century
1042:. The Kalderash migrated from the territory of the
2826:
1944:
1873:The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
1812:
2599:(64). Russia: Center Russian Folklore: 135–146.
2479:Cities in Change: Studies on the Urban Condition
2314:Mahmoud Keshavarz; Christina Zetterlund (2019).
2155:(1961). "The Kalderash of Montreuil-Sous-Bois".
1200:, Kalderash Roma generally stick to traditional
2797:Historical Dictionary of the Gypsies (Romanies)
1733:Gabriel Troc (2005). "Gypsy reactive culture".
838:in the late 1800s in a phenomenon known as the
2690:
2688:
1547:Gypsy Law: Romani Legal Traditions and Culture
1356:clan by Romani and certain non-Romani sources.
3060:Scandinavian Travellers (Tavinger, Romanisæl)
2930:
2225:(2 ed.). Netherlands: Elsevier Science.
1368:, sister of Katarina, Swedish Romani jeweller
573:
8:
1580:The Rom: Walking in the Paths of the Gypsies
2252:European Yearbook of Minority Issues Online
1943:Bošnjak, Branislava; Acton, Thomas (2013).
1775:
1773:
2965:
2937:
2923:
2915:
2644:
2642:
2360:Hansen, Björn; de Haan, Ferdinand (2009).
842:. There are estimated to be about 200,000
580:
566:
18:
2856:
2854:
2055:
2029:
2027:
1951:The International Journal of Human Rights
1750:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1409:. Austria: Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
2223:Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics
2147:
2145:
1835:
1833:
1811:Petru Zoltan; Michael J. Jordan (2010).
1533:
1531:
1019:
2553:
2551:
2412:
2410:
1572:
1570:
1445:The American Journal of Comparative Law
1390:
984:Romani people in Bosnia and Herzegovina
270:
260:
129:
122:
30:
2782:Lee's father was a Kalderash musician
1543:"Social organization and Rom identity"
790:, in effect describing their trade as
2477:John Walton, Donald E. Carns (1977).
2194:(3/4). The Institute, Inc.: 315–346.
1852:(4). Bucharest: Editura Eikon: 5–27.
1707:Joss Whedon and Race: Critical Essays
7:
2899:Romani Dictionary: Kalderash-English
2762:"Ronald Lee: A Canadian Roma Writer"
2419:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography
924:under a common Kalderash identity.
884:in Northern Dobruja, as well as in
549:
2800:. United States: Scarecrow Press (
2364:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 307.
1994:Chimères: Revue des schizoanalyses
1176:Romani people in the United States
14:
2362:Modals in the Languages of Europe
2158:Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society
1743:Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai
1608:Alexander Varty (July 13, 2011).
2255:. Vol. 7. The Netherlands:
1889:10.1111/j.1467-9655.2007.00437.x
1647:
548:
38:
2587:Kozhanov K; Chernykh A (2016).
2456:. Waveland press. p. 260.
1545:. In Walter O. Weyrauch (ed.).
2766:European Landmarks of Identity
2563:"The Romani Goddess Kali Sara"
2034:Aleksandr V. Chernykh (2020).
1551:University of California Press
1509:. India: Archana Publications/
1:
2870:Bulletin Muzea Romské Kultury
2861:Christina Zetterlund (2019).
2454:Gypsies: The Hidden Americans
2425:(3). SAGE journals: 239–253.
2339:10.1080/17496772.2019.1568017
964:Eastern Orthodox Christianity
882:Chori (Grebenari, Pieptenari)
687:and the western Kalderash of
16:Subgroup of the Romani people
3106:Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians
2695:Cerasela Voiculescu (2016).
1967:10.1080/13642987.2013.831697
1789:(in Romany). Bible Society.
1438:"A glossary of Romani terms"
3510:Romani in the United States
2661:University of Chicago Press
2656:The Encyclopedia of Chicago
2323:The Journal of Modern Craft
2161:. Vol. 40. Edinburgh:
1505:Damodar P. Singhal (1982).
1264:. Kali Sara comes from the
1004:. Since the dissolution of
783:(coppersmith) derived from
3526:
2511:Standard Education Almanac
2431:10.1177/089124167200100302
2293:Liverpool University Press
2122:"Russia: Settlement Blues"
2091:Cambridge University Press
1403:"Roma – Sub Ethnic Groups"
1228:
1173:
1139:
1122:German occupation of Paris
1101:
1027:
977:
931:
823:
801:
635:of the Middle East (green)
600:. They were traditionally
126:Romani people by sub-group
2952:
2728:Thurfjell, David (2013).
2099:10.1080/00905999108408208
1507:Gypsies, Indians in Exile
934:Romani people in Bulgaria
840:great Kalderash migration
2802:Rowman & Littlefield
2794:Donald Kendrick (2007).
2452:Anne Sutherland (1986).
2385:Marcello Truzzi (1974).
1840:Constatin Marin (2014).
1662:Thomas A. Acton (1993).
1577:Roger C. Moreau (2002).
1034:Romani people in Ukraine
826:Romani people in Romania
2901:, Magoria Books, 2010.
2760:Mihaela Mudure (2009).
2010:10.3406/chime.1995.2031
1491:Encyclopedia Britannica
1453:Oxford University Press
1344:King of Roma Everywhere
1239:The shrine of Kali Sara
1193:
1142:Romani people in Sweden
1104:Romani people in France
1044:Romanian principalities
1030:Romani people in Russia
980:Romani people in Serbia
952:Austro-Hungarian Empire
672:
664:
3198:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2649:Sway, Marlene (2004).
2387:Sociology for pleasure
1814:"Victims of tradition"
1336:, Romani-French writer
1310:
1240:
1132:
1094:
1025:
994:Bosnia and Herzegovina
821:
716:
636:
631:(red), as well as the
596:are a subgroup of the
2845:10.3917/tsig.043.0030
2839:(43). FNASAT: 30–43.
2734:Bloomsbury Publishing
2593:Традиционная культура
2530:Novos Olhares Sociais
2120:Irina Sandul (2004).
2057:10.17645/si.v8i2.2765
1988:Thomas Acton (1995).
1846:Sociologie Românească
1399:Hübschmannová, Milena
1308:
1238:
1130:
1092:
1023:
816:
714:
647:, in addition to the
639:The Kalderash of the
622:
2825:Hélène Lenz (2010).
2707:. pp. 150–155.
2705:Taylor & Francis
2627:. September 10, 2013
2485:. pp. 237–242.
2221:Keith Brown (2005).
2165:. pp. 109–111.
2082:Nationalities Papers
1797:– via Amazon.
1614:The Georgia Straight
1553:. pp. 197–201.
1246:, commonly known as
878:Pletoshi (Kalaydzii)
3065:Scottish Travellers
2619:"Gathering of Roma"
1823:(7/06). Targu Jiu.
1783:(August 22, 1998).
1046:and other parts of
187:Kale (Finnish Roma)
182:Kale (Iberian Roma)
3505:Romani in Bulgaria
3001:English Romanichal
2736:. pp. 43–45.
2703:. United Kingdom:
2331:Taylor and Francis
2188:Urban Anthropology
2163:Gypsy Lore Society
2127:Transitions Online
1959:Taylor and Francis
1820:Transitions Online
1678:Gypsy Lore Society
1511:Folklore Institute
1311:
1241:
1133:
1095:
1026:
1016:Russia and Ukraine
836:Slavery in Romania
822:
717:
637:
303:Bosnia-Herzegovina
3495:Romani in Ukraine
3490:Romani in Romania
3467:
3466:
3151:
3150:
2907:978-0-9811626-4-5
2532:(in Portuguese).
2507:Marquis Who's Who
2389:. United States:
2371:978-3-11-021920-3
2301:10.3828/rs.2001.1
2266:978-90-04-17990-5
1923:Council of Europe
1911:Council of Europe
1716:978-1-4766-2657-4
1645:(25th ed., 2022)
1330:, Canadian writer
1322:Notable Kalderash
1280:, that occurs in
1064:industrialization
974:Serbia and Bosnia
771:, and кэлдэрары (
612:, a sub-group of
590:
589:
192:Kale (Welsh Roma)
3517:
3500:Romani in Russia
3401:
2966:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2916:
2885:
2884:
2867:
2858:
2849:
2848:
2830:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2646:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2555:
2546:
2545:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2414:
2405:
2404:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2320:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2257:Brill Publishers
2246:
2240:
2239:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2130:(9/28). Prague.
2117:
2111:
2110:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2059:
2040:Social Inclusion
2031:
2022:
2021:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1948:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1837:
1828:
1827:
1816:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1777:
1768:
1767:
1754:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1676:(2). Edinburgh:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1620:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1585:Key Porter Books
1574:
1565:
1564:
1535:
1526:
1525:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1442:
1430:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1395:
1292:is a human like
1164:Taikon Kalderash
1048:Southeast Europe
954:passing through
942:, Kalaydji, and
856:Kalderash Romani
610:Kalderash Romani
582:
575:
568:
552:
551:
526:Hungarian-Slovak
232:Sepečides Romani
42:
19:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3395:
3338:North Macedonia
3147:
3094:
2991:Burgenland Roma
2957:
2948:
2946:Romani diaspora
2943:
2894:
2892:Further reading
2889:
2888:
2865:
2860:
2859:
2852:
2833:Études Tsiganes
2824:
2823:
2819:
2812:
2804:). p. 44.
2793:
2792:
2788:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2744:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2715:
2694:
2693:
2686:
2671:
2663:. p. 559.
2648:
2647:
2640:
2630:
2628:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2571:
2569:
2557:
2556:
2549:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2505:
2504:
2500:
2493:
2483:Allyn and Bacon
2476:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2416:
2415:
2408:
2401:
2393:. p. 365.
2384:
2383:
2379:
2372:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2318:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2267:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2233:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2173:
2153:Maximoff, Matéo
2151:
2150:
2143:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2048:Cogitatio Press
2033:
2032:
2025:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1927:
1925:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1839:
1838:
1831:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1781:Maximoff, Matéo
1779:
1778:
1771:
1752:10.1.1.731.1704
1735:Studia Europaea
1732:
1731:
1727:
1717:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1646:
1635:
1631:
1618:
1616:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1595:
1587:. p. 108.
1576:
1575:
1568:
1561:
1537:
1536:
1529:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1440:
1432:
1431:
1422:
1412:
1410:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1375:
1360:Katarina Taikon
1324:
1303:
1282:Southern France
1233:
1231:Romani folklore
1227:
1222:
1210:Americanization
1178:
1172:
1160:Katarina Taikon
1144:
1138:
1106:
1100:
1084:Northern Europe
1060:cauldron making
1036:
1028:Main articles:
1018:
986:
978:Main articles:
976:
936:
930:
828:
819:Călărași County
811:
806:
804:Romani diaspora
800:
709:
586:
541:
423:North Macedonia
269:
268:
265:Romani diaspora
256:
147:Burgenland Roma
128:
127:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3523:
3521:
3513:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3472:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3459:United Kingdom
3456:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3393:Basque Country
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3238:Czechoslovakia
3235:
3233:Czech Republic
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3108:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3035:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2972:
2970:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2850:
2817:
2810:
2786:
2752:
2742:
2720:
2713:
2684:
2669:
2638:
2610:
2595:(in Russian).
2579:
2547:
2516:
2498:
2491:
2469:
2462:
2444:
2406:
2399:
2377:
2370:
2352:
2306:
2285:Romani Studies
2275:
2265:
2241:
2231:
2213:
2178:
2171:
2141:
2112:
2071:
2023:
1980:
1935:
1915:European Union
1902:
1863:
1829:
1803:
1769:
1725:
1715:
1694:
1669:Romani Studies
1654:
1629:
1600:
1593:
1566:
1559:
1527:
1497:
1474:
1461:10.2307/840853
1420:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1347:
1337:
1334:Matéo Maximoff
1331:
1323:
1320:
1302:
1299:
1229:Main article:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1174:Main article:
1171:
1168:
1140:Main article:
1137:
1134:
1102:Main article:
1099:
1096:
1017:
1014:
1010:United Kingdom
975:
972:
932:Main article:
929:
926:
876:) such as the
824:Main article:
810:
807:
802:Main article:
799:
796:
761:Serbo-Croatian
708:
705:
645:Central Europe
588:
587:
585:
584:
577:
570:
562:
559:
558:
557:
556:
543:
542:
540:
539:
534:
529:
519:
508:United Kingdom
505:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
338:Czechoslovakia
335:
333:Czech Republic
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
263:
262:
261:
258:
257:
255:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
125:
124:
123:
120:
119:
118:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
44:
43:
35:
34:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3522:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3485:Romani groups
3483:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3449:United States
3447:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3399:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3075:Servitka Roma
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2981:Bergitka Roma
2979:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2951:
2947:
2940:
2935:
2933:
2928:
2926:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2911:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2864:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2835:(in French).
2834:
2829:
2821:
2818:
2813:
2811:9780810864405
2807:
2803:
2799:
2798:
2790:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2743:9780857722324
2739:
2735:
2731:
2724:
2721:
2716:
2714:9781317483762
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2670:0-226-31015-9
2666:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2583:
2580:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2520:
2517:
2512:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2494:
2492:9780205055791
2488:
2484:
2480:
2473:
2470:
2465:
2463:9781478610410
2459:
2455:
2448:
2445:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2402:
2400:9780138212568
2396:
2392:
2391:Prentice Hall
2388:
2381:
2378:
2373:
2367:
2363:
2356:
2353:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2307:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2232:9780080547848
2228:
2224:
2217:
2214:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2182:
2179:
2174:
2172:9789354035609
2168:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2116:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2075:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1996:(in French).
1995:
1991:
1984:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1939:
1936:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1867:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1815:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1658:
1655:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1615:
1611:
1604:
1601:
1596:
1594:9781552634233
1590:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1562:
1560:9780520221864
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1501:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1486:
1478:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1394:
1391:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1341:
1340:Florin Cioabă
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1307:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1237:
1232:
1224:
1219:
1217:
1215:
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1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
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1182:United States
1177:
1170:United States
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949:
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940:Horahane Roma
935:
927:
925:
923:
919:
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911:
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903:
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895:
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698:
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690:
686:
682:
681:Vlax-Speaking
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
634:
630:
626:
621:
617:
615:
611:
607:
606:metal workers
603:
599:
598:Romani people
595:
583:
578:
576:
571:
569:
564:
563:
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560:
555:
547:
546:
545:
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522:United States
520:
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237:Servitka Roma
235:
233:
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142:Bergitka Roma
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41:
37:
36:
33:
32:Romani people
29:
25:
21:
20:
3015:
3011:Finnish Kale
3006:Erromintxela
2898:
2897:Ronald Lee,
2881:
2869:
2836:
2832:
2820:
2796:
2789:
2781:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2747:
2729:
2723:
2700:
2654:
2629:. Retrieved
2622:
2613:
2596:
2592:
2582:
2570:. Retrieved
2566:
2533:
2529:
2519:
2510:
2501:
2478:
2472:
2453:
2447:
2422:
2418:
2386:
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2355:
2326:
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2309:
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2251:
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2222:
2216:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2157:
2125:
2115:
2086:
2080:
2074:
2043:
2039:
1997:
1993:
1983:
1954:
1950:
1938:
1926:. Retrieved
1905:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1849:
1845:
1824:
1818:
1806:
1798:
1785:
1764:
1738:
1734:
1728:
1720:
1706:
1697:
1689:
1673:
1667:
1657:
1640:
1637:Romani, Vlax
1632:
1624:
1617:. Retrieved
1603:
1579:
1546:
1522:
1506:
1500:
1489:
1484:
1477:
1448:
1444:
1434:Hancock, Ian
1411:. Retrieved
1406:
1393:
1353:
1312:
1294:mythological
1288:
1287:
1286:
1277:
1262:Christianity
1248:
1247:
1242:
1185:
1179:
1163:
1151:
1145:
1107:
1076:Soviet Union
1071:
1068:cooperatives
1037:
989:
987:
967:
937:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
859:
843:
839:
829:
798:Distribution
787:
780:
772:
764:
763:, 'котляри (
756:
748:
747:, калдараш (
740:
732:
724:
720:
718:
693:Caste System
638:
628:
625:Sinti/Manush
624:
602:coppersmiths
593:
591:
176:
172:Judeo-Romani
162:Crimean Roma
3417:Switzerland
3396: [
3348:Netherlands
3050:Polska Roma
3038:Muslim Roma
2969:Uncontested
2955:Settlements
2659:. Chicago:
2567:kopachi.com
2559:Lee, Ronald
2093:: 359–372.
2050:: 358–366.
1961:: 646–667.
1883:: 471–476.
1703:Joss Whedon
1539:Lee, Ronald
1366:Rosa Taikon
1315:Pentecostal
1274:persecution
1244:Saint Sarah
1156:Rosa Taikon
701:Lohar caste
614:Vlax Romani
554:WikiProject
488:Switzerland
433:Netherlands
418:New Zealand
217:Polska Roma
132:Afro-Romani
115:Settlements
50:Archaeology
3474:Categories
3333:Montenegro
3156:By country
3090:Welsh Kale
3055:Ruska Roma
2872:(27): 60.
2631:August 11,
1795:B001R8ZXEC
1686:1299023422
1642:Ethnologue
1583:. Canada:
1519:B005KDK3IG
1413:August 27,
1385:References
1350:Anton Pann
1328:Ronald Lee
1252:among the
1052:Bessarabia
1040:Ruska Roma
1006:Yugoslavia
998:Banja Luca
633:Dom people
413:Montenegro
267:by country
227:Ruska Roma
222:Romanichal
3480:Kalderash
3318:Lithuania
3178:Australia
3173:Argentina
3133:Bosha/Lom
3099:Contested
3070:Sepečides
3016:Kalderash
2996:Cascarots
2962:Subgroups
2878:1212-0707
2778:1843-1577
2651:"Gypsies"
2605:2410-6658
2542:2596-2833
2439:144091953
2347:164809310
2333:: 13–24.
2200:0363-2024
2136:1214-1615
2107:162363520
2066:2183-2803
2018:2111-4412
2004:: 89–97.
1975:144668895
1858:1220-5389
1761:2065-9563
1747:CiteSeerX
1745:: 57–68.
1619:August 2,
1354:Căldărari
1254:Vlax Roma
1249:Kali Sara
1206:lifestyle
1202:itinerant
1118:Montreuil
990:Chergashe
922:Njamcurja
910:Tasmanari
902:Niculešti
890:Tasmanari
870:Bulibasha
866:Căldărari
852:Wallachia
844:Căldărari
773:kelderary
769:Ukrainian
753:Bulgarian
749:kaldarash
745:Hungarian
733:căldărari
725:kalderash
721:Kalderash
719:The name
707:Etymology
594:Kalderash
537:Venezuela
403:Lithuania
283:Australia
278:Argentina
212:Romanisæl
177:Kalderash
157:Cascarots
3383:Slovenia
3378:Slovakia
3358:Portugal
3218:Colombia
3208:Bulgaria
3033:Manouche
3026:Machvaya
2679:54454572
2624:CBS News
2572:July 27,
2561:(2002).
2509:(1979).
2295:: 1–23.
2208:40552980
1928:July 24,
1682:ProQuest
1541:(2001).
1513:(U.S.).
1436:(1997).
1401:(2003).
1373:See also
1301:Religion
1289:Mam'orry
1268:Goddess
1258:Shaktism
1225:Folklore
1186:Machwaya
1002:Sarajevo
948:Moldavia
928:Bulgaria
906:Dudulani
898:Grastari
894:Zhaplesh
886:Militari
788:caldāria
781:căldăraș
765:Kotlyary
757:kalderaš
741:kalderás
737:Romanian
653:Manouche
627:(blue),
516:Scotland
473:Slovenia
468:Slovakia
448:Portugal
318:Colombia
313:Bulgaria
207:Machvaya
110:Religion
85:Language
75:Folklore
24:a series
22:Part of
3454:Uruguay
3437:Ukraine
3427:Tunisia
3363:Romania
3328:Moldova
3288:Ireland
3278:Hungary
3268:Germany
3263:Georgia
3253:Estonia
3243:Denmark
3223:Croatia
3193:Belgium
3188:Belarus
3183:Austria
3168:Algeria
3163:Albania
3121:Kawliya
3116:Garachi
3043:Zargari
1957:(5–6).
1897:4622960
1455:: 335.
1407:Rombase
1278:santana
1220:Culture
1198:Seattle
1070:called
1056:tinning
968:meshere
848:Dobruja
832:Romania
809:Romania
792:tinkers
777:Russian
665:natsiya
649:Gitanos
641:Balkans
629:Gitanos
532:Uruguay
498:Ukraine
453:Romania
428:Moldova
383:Ireland
378:Hungary
368:Germany
363:Georgia
353:Finland
348:Estonia
343:Denmark
323:Croatia
298:Belgium
293:Belarus
288:Austria
273:Albania
252:Zargari
202:Lăutari
167:Gurbeti
80:History
60:Culture
55:Cuisine
3442:Crimea
3432:Turkey
3412:Sweden
3373:Serbia
3368:Russia
3353:Poland
3343:Norway
3323:Mexico
3308:Latvia
3303:Kosovo
3293:Israel
3273:Greece
3258:France
3228:Cyprus
3213:Canada
3203:Brazil
3085:Ursari
3021:Lovari
2986:Boyash
2976:Arlije
2905:
2876:
2808:
2776:
2740:
2711:
2677:
2667:
2603:
2540:
2489:
2460:
2437:
2397:
2368:
2345:
2263:
2229:
2206:
2198:
2169:
2134:
2105:
2064:
2016:
2002:Persée
1973:
1895:
1856:
1793:
1759:
1749:
1713:
1684:
1680:: 77.
1591:
1557:
1517:
1469:840853
1467:
1379:Lovari
1190:Romani
1152:Taikon
1148:Sweden
1136:Sweden
1110:France
1098:France
1080:Moscow
1072:artels
960:Lovari
956:Serbia
944:Boyash
918:Lajneš
914:Žapleš
729:Romani
689:Serbia
685:Russia
669:Romani
661:Romani
502:Crimea
493:Turkey
483:Sweden
463:Serbia
458:Russia
443:Poland
438:Norway
408:Mexico
398:Latvia
393:Kosovo
373:Greece
358:France
328:Cyprus
308:Brazil
247:Ursari
197:Lovari
152:Boyash
137:Arlije
105:People
3422:Syria
3407:Sudan
3400:]
3388:Spain
3313:Libya
3298:Italy
3248:Egypt
3143:Lyuli
3126:Nawar
3080:Sinti
2866:(PDF)
2435:S2CID
2343:S2CID
2329:(1).
2319:(PDF)
2291:(1).
2204:JSTOR
2103:S2CID
2089:(3).
2046:(2).
1971:S2CID
1893:JSTOR
1879:(2).
1741:(1).
1465:JSTOR
1451:(2).
1441:(PDF)
1266:Hindu
1214:Sinti
1194:vitsi
1114:Paris
874:vitsi
785:Latin
775:) in
767:) in
751:) in
697:India
677:vitsa
673:vitsa
657:Sinti
478:Spain
388:Italy
242:Sinti
100:Names
95:Music
90:Media
70:Dress
65:Dance
3283:Iraq
3138:Lori
2910:娱乐八卦
2903:ISBN
2874:ISSN
2806:ISBN
2774:ISSN
2738:ISBN
2709:ISBN
2675:OCLC
2665:ISBN
2633:2021
2601:ISSN
2574:2021
2538:ISSN
2487:ISBN
2458:ISBN
2395:ISBN
2366:ISBN
2261:ISBN
2227:ISBN
2196:ISSN
2167:ISBN
2132:ISSN
2062:ISSN
2014:ISSN
1930:2021
1854:ISSN
1791:ASIN
1757:ISSN
1711:ISBN
1621:2021
1589:ISBN
1555:ISBN
1515:ASIN
1485:Roma
1415:2021
1270:Kali
1260:and
1058:and
1032:and
1000:and
988:The
982:and
892:and
880:and
861:Kris
651:and
643:and
604:and
592:The
512:term
3111:Dom
2841:doi
2427:doi
2335:doi
2297:doi
2095:doi
2052:doi
2006:doi
1963:doi
1885:doi
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743:in
735:in
727:in
695:of
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