211:
Balalabad and happened to go into the house of Babak's mother. Being poor, she could only light a fire for him, while Babak looked after the guest's servants and horses and brought water for them. Javidhan then sent Babak to buy food, wine, and fodder. When Babak came back and spoke to
Javidhan, he impressed Javidhan with his shrewdness despite his lack of fluency of speech. Javidhan therefore asked the woman for permission to take her son away to manage his farms and properties, and offered to send her fifty dirhams a month from Babak's salary. The woman accepted and let Babak go.
947:, London: Macmillan, pp. 195, 203 & 215 Azerbaijan was the scene of frequent anti-caliphal and anti-Arab revolts during the eighth and ninth centuries, and Byzantine sources talk of Persian warriors seeking refuge in the 830s from the Caliph's armies by taking service under the Byzantine emperor Theophilos. Azerbaijan had a Persian population and was a traditional centre of the Zoroastrian religion. The Khurramites were a Persian sect, influenced by Shiite doctrines, but with their roots in a pre-Islamic Persian religious movement.
6273:
756:
6283:
827:) as the only existing kind of afterlife and retribution and in the cancellation of all religious prescriptions and obligations. They highly revere Abu Muslim and their imams. In their rituals, which are rather simple, they "seek the greatest sacramental effect from wine and drinks". As a whole, they were estimated by Al-Maqdisi as "Mazdaeans... who cover themselves under the guise of Islam".
27:
804:"; more specifically, "the principle of the universe is Light, of which a part has been effaced and has turned into Darkness". They "avoid carefully the shedding of blood, except when they raise the banner of revolt". They are "extremely concerned with cleanliness and purification, and with approaching people with kindness and beneficence". Some of them "believed in
344:
295:
The last battle between the
Abbasid caliphate and the Khurramites occurred in Badd Fort on 837. The Khurramites were defeated, and Afshin reached Badd Fort. After capturing Badd Fort, Babak went to near the Araz River. His goal was to join the Byzantine emperor, gather new forces and continue the
237:
In 824–825, Generals Ahmad ibn al-Junayd and Zurayq ibn Ali ibn Sadaqa were sent by the caliph to subdue Babak's revolt, but Babak defeated them and captured Junayd. In 827–828, Muhammad ibn Humayd was sent to overcome Babak and had several victories, but the last battle at
Hashtadsar in 829, his
210:
Two rich men named
Javidhan b. Shahrak (or Shahrak) and Abu 'Emran were then living in the highland around the mountain of Badd and contending for the leadership of the highland's Khorrami inhabitants. Javidhan, when stuck in the snow on his way back from Zanjān to Badd, had to seek shelter at
929:
Arthur
Goldschmidt, Lawrence Davidson, “A concise history of the Middle East”, Westview Press; Eighth Edition (July 21, 2005). p. 81: “..a Persian named Babak whose rebellion lasted twenty years. These uprisings were inspired by Persia's pre-Islamic religions, such as
241:
When al-Ma'mun died in 833, he had failed against Babak, whose victories over Arab generals were associated with holding Badd Fort and the inaccessible mountain stronghold, according to Arab historians. They mentioned that his influence also extended to what is now
199:. The leader of the other Khurramite movement was Abu Imran, who often clashed with Javidhan. During one of the clashes, probably in 816, Abu Imran was defeated and killed, and Javidhan was wounded and died three days later. Javidhan was succeeded by his heir,
280:, to defeat Babak. Al-Mu'tasim set a price and allowances for Afshin that were unusually high. According to Said Nafisi, Afshin managed to attract Babak's spies on his side by paying much more than Babak. When Afshin found out that Babak was aware that
808:, provided that the women agreed to it, and also in the freedom of enjoying all pleasures and of satisfying one's inclinations so long as this does not entail any harm to others". (their name is most frequently derived from the Persian word
963:. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianchi, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2009. Brill Online. Excerpt: "Khurrammiya or Khurramdiniyya refers in the Islamic sources to the religious movement founded by
284:
had been sent a large amount of money by Afshin and was preparing to attack Bugha, he used that information to pressure Babak into full co-operation, managed to have Babak's comrades killed and let Babak flee to Badd.
215:
Under Babak's leadership, the
Khurramites proclaimed the division and the redistribution of the great estates and the end to the despotic foreign rule. Taking advantage of the turmoil created by the
815:
Regarding the variety of faiths, the
Khurramites believe that "the prophets, despite the difference of their laws and their religions, do not constitute but a single spirit".
2735:
6317:
5226:
784:
5075:
6132:
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250:
and the Šamāḵī district and Šervān, northward to the Mūqān (Moḡān) steppe and the Aras river bank, westward to the districts of Jolfā, Naḵjavān, and Marand".
6084:
3437:
226:
paid little attention to the uprising because of the difficulty in intervening from far-away
Khorasan, the appointment of his successor and the actions of
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1361:
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struggle. Thus, it was announced that al-Mu'tasim would give a reward of two million dirhams to whoever handed Babak over alive. Babak's former ally,
5211:
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234:
to fight Babak in 819–820, but Babak was undefeated several times. Two years later, Babak overcome the forces of Isa ibn
Muhammad ibn Abi Khalid.
184:". After the Hasemite Revolution, the Khurramites fought as rebels under Sunpadh, Muqanna, Babak and other leaders in various cities and regions.
6332:
5231:
967:
in the late 5th century A.D. and to various anti-Arab sects which developed out of it under the impact of certain extremist Shi'i doctrines."
288:
Before Afshin's departure, the caliph had sent a group under Abu Sa'id
Muhammad to rebuild the forts demolished by Babak between Zanjan and
5696:
2730:
777:
5814:
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4696:
706:
6024:
5754:
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1624:
265:, sent troops under Ishaq ibn Ibrahim ibn Mus'ab. The Khurramites were defeated in a battle near Hamadan. According to al-Tabari and
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292:. The Khurramites, led by Mu'awiya, made a failed attack on the Arabs that was recorded by al-Tabari as Babak's first defeat.
191:, a landlord who led one of the two Khurramite movements in Azerbaijan (from 807–808 to 816–817), with his headquarters being
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273:
843:("Red-Heads") of the 16th century – a religious and political movement in Azerbaijan that helped to establish the
6162:
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5869:
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1529:
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The Emperor Theophilos and the East, 829–842: Court and Frontier in Byzantium during the Last Phase of Iconoclasm
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980:
454:
6250:
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3085:
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1702:
1614:
741:
644:
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1939:
6307:
6240:
6230:
6215:
6122:
6049:
6019:
5994:
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5919:
5914:
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5759:
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2742:
2326:
2086:
1697:
1641:
1592:
1577:
1430:
696:
639:
308:
300:, handed Babak over to the Abbasids, and on March 14, 838, Babak was executed in the city of Samira.
150:
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1514:
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107:
3333:
1842:
816:
303:
The Abbasid suppression of the rebellion led to the flight of many thousands of Khurramites to
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58:
33:
20:
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2587:
2301:
1818:
1619:
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1485:
1440:
1409:
861:
844:
760:
230:. Those circumstances paved the way for Babak and his supporters. The caliph sent General
111:
83:
71:
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1990:
1653:
1636:
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1404:
931:
824:
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262:
135:
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42:
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2515:
2450:
1901:
1852:
1557:
876:
820:
711:
504:
409:
297:
5100:
5002:
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4524:
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3827:
3762:
3705:
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3189:
3003:
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1959:
1929:
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1519:
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1100:
1031:
599:
584:
544:
474:
469:
434:
216:
196:
3328:
2010:
1803:
1060:
The Nativist Prophets of Early Islamic Iran: Rural Revolt and Local Zoroastrianism
223:
5022:
4997:
4821:
4789:
4780:
4726:
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4641:
4534:
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3540:
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2321:
2291:
2184:
2128:
1982:
1874:
1798:
1663:
1599:
1550:
484:
359:
247:
106:("Red-Heads"') of the 16th century – a religious and political movement in
755:
4988:
4983:
4858:
4853:
4816:
4794:
4651:
4631:
4626:
4467:
4457:
4420:
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3750:
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3115:
2708:
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2613:
2552:
2316:
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2217:
1869:
1837:
1808:
1587:
1582:
1567:
996:
866:
797:
574:
464:
374:
312:
243:
222:
Al-Tabari recorded that Babak started his revolt in 816–817. At first, Caliph
192:
177:
158:
131:
38:
26:
2458:
4935:
4731:
4646:
4636:
4507:
4462:
4447:
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4228:
3695:
3617:
3577:
3567:
3530:
3505:
3485:
3380:
3246:
3100:
3090:
2998:
2862:
2715:
2525:
2510:
2475:
2440:
2353:
2133:
2049:
2028:
2023:
2000:
1995:
1954:
1949:
1886:
1823:
1746:
1717:
1668:
1609:
1562:
840:
805:
624:
619:
384:
364:
343:
304:
277:
173:
103:
75:
46:
2405:
1934:
114: – have been described as "spiritual descendants of the Khurramites".
74:
religious and political movement with roots in the Zoroastrian movement of
934:(the faith of the Sassanid ruler) and a peasant movement called Mazdakism”
161:, "The Veiled" prophet, who claimed that the spirit of God had existed in
4738:
4482:
4472:
4327:
4051:
3975:
3817:
3797:
3624:
3500:
3355:
2929:
2678:
2618:
2537:
2445:
2432:
2410:
2390:
2368:
2363:
2343:
2283:
2250:
2189:
2033:
2018:
1896:
1857:
1813:
1604:
1541:
1445:
1348:
800:
mentions several facts. He observes that "the basis of their doctrine is
529:
524:
429:
188:
162:
206:
Babak's participation in the Khorrami movement was summarised by Waqed:
5007:
4611:
4576:
4497:
4410:
4351:
4255:
3958:
3812:
3562:
3515:
3400:
3276:
3095:
2557:
2520:
2331:
1881:
1847:
1690:
1391:
649:
569:
549:
389:
289:
261:
joined the Khurrami movement and settled near Hamadan. The new caliph,
258:
254:
154:
153:
by the Abbasids and the claim that he had died but would return as the
127:
219:, they began making attacks on Muslim forces in 816 in Iran and Iraq.
4920:
4799:
4784:
4603:
4492:
4477:
4435:
4341:
4282:
4213:
4091:
3365:
3120:
3110:
2983:
2806:
2799:
2759:
2720:
2635:
2562:
2170:
2140:
1864:
964:
701:
659:
654:
514:
459:
414:
3311:
1174:
Bahramian, Ali; Hirtenstein, Stephen; Gholami, Rahim (2013-12-04).
4616:
4390:
4370:
4355:
3931:
3757:
3552:
3415:
3370:
3350:
2547:
1944:
1790:
1572:
534:
519:
424:
419:
311:, and they joined the Byzantine army under their Iranian leader,
4541:
4430:
2378:
1101:"AZERBAIJAN iv. Islamic History to 1941 – Encyclopaedia Iranica"
379:
369:
5151:
4309:
3859:
1359:
1321:
4440:
4405:
3080:
2454:
943:
Whittow (1996), "The Making of Orthodox Byzantium, 600–1025".
176:, the name first appeared in 736 when the missionary Kedas, a
166:
1317:
157:. This message was further bolstered by the appearance of
847: – were "spiritual descendants of the Khurramites".
246:"southward to near Ardabīl and Marand, eastward to the
138:. However, its true claim to fame was its adoption by
130:
as a revitalisation of an earlier sect that had mixed
276:, a senior general and a son of the vassal prince of
19:"Khorramdin" redirects here. Not to be confused with
149:
The sect grew out of a response to the execution of
16:
8th century Iranian religious and political movement
6186:
6103:
5975:
5720:
5445:
5162:
5056:
4981:
4757:
4665:
4602:
4320:
3780:
3603:
3478:
3465:
3430:
3178:
3155:
3144:
3071:
3034:
2773:
2669:
2651:
2595:
2586:
2503:
2431:
2282:
2273:
2231:
2203:
2161:
2094:
2085:
2076:
2042:
2009:
1981:
1972:
1922:
1789:
1476:
1390:
1381:
1372:
187:The Khurramites in Azerbaijan were associated with
122:The sect was founded in the 8th century AD by the
70:, meaning "those of the Joyful Religion") were an
1219:"ḴORRAMIS IN BYZANTIUM – Encyclopaedia Iranica"
208:
78:. An alternative name for the movement is the
1333:
979:Roger M. Savory (ref. Abdülbaki Gölpinarli),
896:
778:
94:
65:
8:
1195:Romanland: Ethnicity and Empire in Byzantium
99:), a reference to their symbolic red dress.
5159:
5148:
4317:
4306:
3856:
3475:
3152:
2592:
2279:
2091:
2082:
1978:
1387:
1378:
1369:
1356:
1340:
1326:
1318:
785:
771:
342:
322:
6318:Rebellions against the Abbasid Caliphate
25:
1290:
1288:
1032:"BĀBAK ḴORRAMI – Encyclopaedia Iranica"
991:
989:
975:
973:
922:
888:
334:
1267:Signes Codoñer, Juan (23 March 2016).
1149:K̲h̲ān Najībābādī, Akbar Shāh (2001).
1053:
1051:
307:, where they were welcomed by Emperor
955:
953:
7:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
983:, "Kizil-Bash", Online Edition 2005
707:Zoroastrianism in the United States
91:
87:
62:
5121:Religions and spiritual traditions
1362:Religious groups and denominations
997:"ḴORRAMIS – Encyclopaedia Iranica"
269:, 60,000 Khurramites were killed.
90:, "Red-Wearing Ones"; in Persian:
14:
819:states that they also believe in
6281:
6272:
6271:
6085:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
5227:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1244:Byzantium and Its Army, 284-1081
895:Modern Iranian Persian reading:
754:
203:, who married Javidhan's widow.
142:as a basis to rebel against the
4692:Evolutionary origin of religion
959:W. Madelung, "Khurrammiya" in
945:New studies in medieval history
238:troops were defeated by Babak.
6328:Opposition to Arab nationalism
5043:Separation of church and state
3701:Polytheistic reconstructionism
1062:. Cambridge University Press.
1:
2694:Traditional Sabahan religions
1309:The Cambridge history of Iran
1296:The Cambridge history of Iran
1246:. Stanford University Press.
1242:T. Treadgold, Warren (1995).
901:. They are also known as the
835:According to Turkish scholar
253:In 833, many men from Jebal,
110:that helped to establish the
6333:Anti-Islam sentiment in Iran
1197:. Harvard University Press.
802:belief in light and darkness
274:Khaydhar ibn Kawus al-Afshin
4901:National religiosity levels
4126:Nauruan Indigenous religion
3681:Hellenism (modern religion)
1193:Kaldellis, Anthony (2019).
1153:. Vol. 2. Darussalam.
897:
737:Criticism of Zoroastrianism
717:Persecution of Zoroastrians
95:
66:
6354:
872:List of extinct Shia sects
857:Islamic conquest of Persia
32:the Khurramīyah movement,
18:
6267:
5158:
5147:
4316:
4305:
3868:
3855:
3585:Transcendental Meditation
1368:
1355:
1124:Maurice, Lombard (2003).
272:In 835, al-Mu'tasim sent
5212:Central African Republic
2241:Vietnamese folk religion
1632:Charismatic Christianity
1294:Yarshater, Ehsan. 1983.
1058:Crone, Patricia (2012).
490:101 Names of Ahura Mazda
5106:New religious movements
4744:Theories about religion
4697:Evolutionary psychology
3726:Modern Finnish paganism
1708:Independent Catholicism
1126:The Golden age of Islam
5755:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3741:Erzyan native religion
3590:Unitarian Universalism
2979:Native American Church
1752:Oneness Pentecostalism
1180:Encyclopaedia Islamica
981:Encyclopaedia of Islam
961:Encyclopaedia of Islam
455:Zoroastrian literature
213:
50:
6075:Saint Kitts and Nevis
5372:São Tomé and Príncipe
5232:Republic of the Congo
3438:Aboriginal Australian
2104:Chinese folk religion
742:Zoroastrian cosmology
692:Zoroastrians in India
448:Scripture and worship
29:
5697:United Arab Emirates
4488:Religious experience
3862:Historical religions
2261:Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương
1593:Schwenkfelder Church
837:Abdülbaki Gölpınarlı
812:"happy, cheerful").
697:Zoroastrians in Iran
563:Accounts and legends
37:was the follower of
6323:9th century in Iran
6090:Trinidad and Tobago
5985:Antigua and Barbuda
5153:Religion by country
4214:Cult of Magna Mater
2731:Philippine Dayawism
2312:Nimbarka Sampradaya
2060:Chinese Manichaeism
1732:Jehovah's Witnesses
1537:Proto-Protestantism
1311:, volume 2. p. 1005
1298:, volume 2. p. 1008
1176:"Bābak Khurram-Dīn"
761:Religion portal
613:History and culture
30:The late leader of
6025:Dominican Republic
5071:Abrahamic prophets
4165:Proto-Indo-Iranian
2704:Aliran Kepercayaan
1907:Non-denominational
1829:Modernist Salafism
1515:Oriental Orthodoxy
1307:Yarshater, Ehsan.
580:Book of Arda Viraf
510:Cypress of Kashmar
108:Iranian Azerbaijan
51:
6338:History of Talysh
6313:Iranian religions
6295:
6294:
6263:
6262:
6259:
6258:
5247:Equatorial Guinea
5143:
5142:
5139:
5138:
4682:Cognitive science
4301:
4300:
4234:Mysteries of Isis
4008:Frankish paganism
3851:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3595:White Brotherhood
3461:
3460:
3426:
3425:
2765:Sundanese Wiwitan
2582:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2307:Brahma Sampradaya
2269:
2268:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2050:Assianism/Uatsdin
1968:
1967:
1737:British Israelism
1723:Nontrinitarianism
1686:Plymouth Brethren
1681:Nondenominational
1615:Congregationalism
1503:Eastern Orthodoxy
1451:Reconstructionist
1223:iranicaonline.org
1105:iranicaonline.org
1086:Bābak-e Ḵorramdīn
1036:iranicaonline.org
1001:iranicaonline.org
795:
794:
217:Abbasid Civil War
182:Din al-Khorramiya
144:Abbasid Caliphate
6345:
6285:
6275:
6274:
6153:Papua New Guinea
6128:Marshall Islands
5955:Northern Ireland
5160:
5149:
5033:Secular theology
5028:Secular humanism
4318:
4307:
4182:Ancestral Pueblo
3857:
3476:
3153:
2593:
2349:Shaiva Siddhanta
2280:
2213:Korean shamanism
2092:
2083:
1979:
1892:Mahdawi movement
1762:Swedenborgianism
1742:Christadelphians
1388:
1379:
1370:
1357:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1299:
1292:
1283:
1282:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1151:History of Islam
1146:
1140:
1139:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1055:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1028:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
993:
984:
977:
968:
957:
948:
941:
935:
927:
910:
900:
893:
787:
780:
773:
759:
758:
495:Adur Burzen-Mihr
346:
323:
267:Ali ibn al-Athir
232:Yahya ibn Mu'adh
228:al-Fadl ibn Sahl
201:Babak Khorramdin
169:and Abu Muslim.
140:Babak Khorramdin
98:
93:
89:
69:
64:
34:Babak Khorramdin
21:Babak Khorramdin
6353:
6352:
6348:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6343:
6342:
6298:
6297:
6296:
6291:
6255:
6182:
6163:Solomon Islands
6099:
5971:
5875:North Macedonia
5716:
5441:
5154:
5135:
5096:Mass gatherings
5064:
5059:
5052:
4991:
4986:
4977:
4916:Religiocentrism
4896:National church
4764:
4761:
4753:
4668:
4661:
4598:
4520:Bodies of water
4312:
4297:
4082:Jamaican Maroon
3864:
3839:
3776:
3606:
3599:
3470:
3468:
3457:
3422:
3396:Trinidad Orisha
3181:
3174:
3147:
3140:
3067:
3030:
2776:
2769:
2665:
2647:
2574:
2548:Srilankan Vedda
2499:
2427:
2302:Sri Vaishnavism
2265:
2227:
2199:
2157:
2064:
2038:
2005:
1964:
1918:
1843:Twelver Shi'ism
1785:
1647:Neo-charismatic
1620:Presbyterianism
1472:
1364:
1351:
1346:
1316:
1315:
1306:
1302:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1254:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1227:
1225:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1205:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1136:
1128:. p. 152.
1123:
1122:
1118:
1109:
1107:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1083:Nafisi, Saeed.
1082:
1081:
1077:
1070:
1057:
1056:
1049:
1040:
1038:
1030:
1029:
1014:
1005:
1003:
995:
994:
987:
978:
971:
958:
951:
942:
938:
928:
924:
919:
914:
913:
894:
890:
885:
862:Kaysanites Shia
853:
845:Safavid dynasty
833:
791:
753:
748:
747:
746:
731:
723:
722:
721:
686:
678:
677:
676:
635:
634:
614:
606:
605:
604:
590:Story of Sanjan
564:
556:
555:
554:
449:
441:
440:
439:
404:
403:Divine entities
396:
395:
394:
354:
321:
298:Sahl ibn Sumbat
120:
112:Safavid dynasty
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6351:
6349:
6341:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6300:
6299:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6289:
6279:
6268:
6265:
6264:
6261:
6260:
6257:
6256:
6254:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6192:
6190:
6184:
6183:
6181:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6109:
6107:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5981:
5979:
5973:
5972:
5970:
5969:
5968:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5945:United Kingdom
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5726:
5724:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5573:
5572:
5567:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5451:
5449:
5443:
5442:
5440:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5156:
5155:
5152:
5145:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5067:
5065:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5038:Secularization
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5018:Deconstruction
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4994:
4992:
4982:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4970:
4969:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4871:Fundamentalism
4868:
4867:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4825:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4804:
4803:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4778:
4773:
4767:
4765:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4735:
4734:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4673:
4671:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4608:
4606:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4596:
4595:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4512:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4349:
4347:Call to prayer
4344:
4339:
4334:
4332:Disaffiliation
4324:
4322:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4303:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4259:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4206:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4135:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4111:
4101:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4030:Greco-Buddhism
4027:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3990:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3934:
3924:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3881:
3880:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3860:
3853:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3760:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3627:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3611:
3609:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3473:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3391:Tambor de Mina
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3186:
3184:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3168:Guanche church
3159:
3157:
3150:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3077:
3075:
3073:Tibeto-Burmese
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3006:
2996:
2991:
2989:Nuu-chah-nulth
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2933:
2932:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2898:Muscogee Creek
2895:
2890:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2792:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2760:Sumbese Marapu
2757:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2681:
2679:Batak Parmalim
2675:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2657:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2601:
2599:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2518:
2513:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2490:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2443:
2437:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2341:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2288:
2286:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2167:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2148:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2100:
2098:
2089:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1991:Ilm-e-Khshnoom
1987:
1985:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1795:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1728:Bible Students
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1698:Restorationism
1695:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1654:Evangelicalism
1651:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1565:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1482:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1424:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1396:
1394:
1385:
1376:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1337:
1330:
1322:
1314:
1313:
1300:
1284:
1277:
1259:
1252:
1234:
1210:
1203:
1185:
1166:
1159:
1141:
1134:
1116:
1092:
1075:
1068:
1047:
1012:
985:
969:
949:
936:
932:Zoroastrianism
921:
920:
918:
915:
912:
911:
887:
886:
884:
881:
880:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
852:
849:
832:
829:
825:metempsychosis
793:
792:
790:
789:
782:
775:
767:
764:
763:
750:
749:
745:
744:
739:
733:
732:
730:Related topics
729:
728:
725:
724:
720:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
688:
687:
684:
683:
680:
679:
675:
674:
669:
664:
663:
662:
657:
647:
642:
636:
633:
632:
627:
622:
616:
615:
612:
611:
608:
607:
603:
602:
597:
595:Chinvat Bridge
592:
587:
585:Book of Jamasp
582:
577:
572:
566:
565:
562:
561:
558:
557:
553:
552:
547:
542:
540:Khordeh Avesta
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
480:Airyaman ishya
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
451:
450:
447:
446:
443:
442:
438:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
410:Amesha Spentas
406:
405:
402:
401:
398:
397:
393:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
356:
355:
353:Primary topics
352:
351:
348:
347:
339:
338:
336:Zoroastrianism
332:
331:
320:
317:
282:Bugha al-Kabir
136:Zoroastrianism
119:
116:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6350:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6305:
6303:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6278:
6270:
6269:
6266:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6189:
6188:South America
6185:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6106:
6102:
6096:
6095:United States
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5978:
5977:North America
5974:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5947:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5835:Liechtenstein
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5727:
5725:
5723:
5719:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5562:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5444:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5287:Guinea-Bissau
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5150:
5146:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5111:Organizations
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5055:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4971:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4941:Vegetarianism
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4886:Homosexuality
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4809:
4808:
4805:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4756:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4707:Neurotheology
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4670:
4664:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4401:Folk religion
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4308:
4304:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4239:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4224:Imperial cult
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4183:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4163:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4018:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3867:
3863:
3858:
3854:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3793:Discordianism
3791:
3789:
3788:Anthroposophy
3786:
3785:
3783:
3779:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3736:Mari religion
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3602:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3573:Neo-Theosophy
3571:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3511:New Acropolis
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3464:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3429:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
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3187:
3185:
3183:
3177:
3169:
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3160:
3158:
3156:North African
3154:
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3149:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
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3119:
3117:
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2920:Kwakwakaʼwakw
2918:
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2653:Austroasiatic
2650:
2642:
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2624:Vattisen Yaly
2622:
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2543:Kirat Mundhum
2541:
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2020:
2017:
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2014:
2012:
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1994:
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1910:
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1905:
1903:
1902:Milah Abraham
1900:
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1579:
1576:
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1570:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1558:Protestantism
1556:
1552:
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1543:
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1538:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1526:
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1320:
1310:
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1301:
1297:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1278:9781317034278
1274:
1271:. Routledge.
1270:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1253:9780804731638
1249:
1245:
1238:
1235:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1206:
1204:9780674986510
1200:
1196:
1189:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1160:9789960892887
1156:
1152:
1145:
1142:
1137:
1135:9781558763227
1131:
1127:
1120:
1117:
1106:
1102:
1096:
1093:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1076:
1071:
1069:9781139510769
1065:
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1054:
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1027:
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1023:
1021:
1019:
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998:
992:
990:
986:
982:
976:
974:
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966:
962:
956:
954:
950:
946:
940:
937:
933:
926:
923:
916:
908:
904:
899:
898:Khorram-Dinân
892:
889:
882:
878:
877:Bahram Chobin
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
854:
850:
848:
846:
842:
838:
830:
828:
826:
822:
821:reincarnation
818:
813:
811:
807:
803:
799:
788:
783:
781:
776:
774:
769:
768:
766:
765:
762:
757:
752:
751:
743:
740:
738:
735:
734:
727:
726:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
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703:
700:
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695:
693:
690:
689:
682:
681:
673:
670:
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665:
661:
658:
656:
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652:
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648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
637:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
610:
609:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
567:
560:
559:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
505:Adur Gushnasp
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
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458:
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452:
445:
444:
436:
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431:
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411:
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400:
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388:
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383:
381:
378:
376:
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368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
357:
350:
349:
345:
341:
340:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:
318:
316:
314:
310:
306:
301:
299:
293:
291:
286:
283:
279:
275:
270:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
249:
245:
239:
235:
233:
229:
225:
220:
218:
212:
207:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
185:
183:
179:
175:
172:According to
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
117:
115:
113:
109:
105:
100:
97:
96:Surkh-Jâmagân
85:
81:
77:
73:
68:
67:Khurram-Dīnân
60:
56:
48:
44:
40:
36:
35:
28:
22:
5692:Turkmenistan
5652:Saudi Arabia
5397:South Africa
5387:Sierra Leone
5192:Burkina Faso
5101:Names of God
5048:Unaffiliated
5003:Antireligion
4864:Universalism
4812:Assimilation
4677:Anthropology
4552:Supernatural
4547:Spirituality
4515:Sacred space
4503:Purification
4376:Denomination
4330: /
4138:Paleo-Balkan
4104:Mesopotamian
3944:Cook Islands
3915:Old Prussian
3828:UFO religion
3767:
3763:Zalmoxianism
3691:Neoshamanism
3548:Spiritualism
3431:Other ethnic
3320:
3146:Traditional
3106:Bongthingism
3004:Acoma Pueblo
2947:Mesoamerican
2671:Austronesian
2492:
2488:Neo-Buddhism
2420:
2416:Neo-Hinduism
2337:Swaminarayan
2175:
2124:Salvationist
2109:Confucianism
1960:Samaritanism
1930:Ali-Illahism
1911:
1778:
1772:Unitarianism
1713:Old Catholic
1520:Nestorianism
1478:Christianity
1465:
1431:Conservative
1308:
1303:
1295:
1268:
1262:
1243:
1237:
1226:. Retrieved
1222:
1213:
1194:
1188:
1179:
1169:
1150:
1144:
1125:
1119:
1108:. Retrieved
1104:
1095:
1085:
1078:
1059:
1039:. Retrieved
1035:
1004:. Retrieved
1000:
960:
944:
939:
925:
907:Khorramdinis
906:
902:
891:
834:
814:
809:
796:
629:
600:Frashokereti
545:The Rivayats
500:Adur Farnbag
485:Fire Temples
475:Yenghe hatam
470:Ahuna Vairya
435:Angra Mainyu
302:
294:
287:
271:
252:
240:
236:
221:
214:
209:
205:
186:
181:
171:
148:
121:
101:
79:
54:
52:
31:
6308:Khurramites
6143:New Zealand
6080:Saint Lucia
6030:El Salvador
5935:Switzerland
5870:Netherlands
5642:Philippines
5570:South Korea
5565:North Korea
5455:Afghanistan
5402:South Sudan
5292:Ivory Coast
5076:Deification
5023:Objectivism
4998:Agnosticism
4956:Persecution
4946:Video games
4911:Populations
4822:Proselytism
4790:Monasticism
4781:Clericalism
4771:Agriculture
4762:and society
4727:Soteriology
4687:Comparative
4657:Transtheism
4642:Panentheism
4426:Monasticism
4219:Gallo-Roman
4121:Micronesian
4087:Manichaeism
4035:Hermeticism
4003:Continental
3998:Anglo-Saxon
3878:Paleolithic
3873:Prehistoric
3823:Scientology
3686:Italo-Roman
3541:Radha Soami
3521:New Thought
3361:Espiritismo
3302:Waaqeffanna
3242:Fon and Ewe
3180:Sub-Saharan
3063:Satsana Phi
2859:Ghost Dance
2817:Californian
2795:Anishinaabe
2721:Karo Pemena
2700:Indonesian
2374:Lingayatism
2322:Mahanubhava
2292:Vaishnavism
2223:Jeungsanism
2146:Folk Taoism
2129:Xiantiandao
1983:Zoroastrian
1642:Charismatic
1637:Pentecostal
1600:Anglicanism
1551:Waldensians
1486:Catholicism
630:Khurramites
380:Persia/Iran
365:Zarathustra
360:Ahura Mazda
263:al-Mu'tasim
248:Caspian Sea
195:, near the
180:, adopted "
55:Khurramites
43:Zoroastrian
6302:Categories
6133:Micronesia
6010:Costa Rica
5905:San Marino
5865:Montenegro
5845:Luxembourg
5702:Uzbekistan
5677:Tajikistan
5582:Kyrgyzstan
5555:Kazakhstan
5505:East Timor
5475:Bangladesh
5465:Azerbaijan
5382:Seychelles
5347:Mozambique
5332:Mauritania
5317:Madagascar
5207:Cape Verde
4989:irreligion
4984:Secularism
4891:Minorities
4859:Toleration
4854:Syncretism
4839:Fanaticism
4829:Disability
4817:Missionary
4807:Conversion
4795:Ordination
4717:Psychology
4712:Philosophy
4652:Polytheism
4632:Monotheism
4627:Henotheism
4468:Orthopraxy
4458:Ordination
4421:Meditation
4416:Indigenous
4381:Entheogens
4366:Conversion
4192:Pueblo III
4109:Babylonian
4099:Melanesian
4025:Gnosticism
3910:Lithuanian
3803:Fourth Way
3657:Circassian
3635:Dievturība
3558:Tensegrity
3491:Falun Gong
3136:Sanamahism
3116:Donyi-Polo
2743:Polynesian
2689:Kaharingan
2614:Burkhanism
2553:Ravidassia
2531:Śvetāmbara
2317:Pushtimarg
2297:Krishnaism
2233:Vietnamese
2218:Cheondoism
2151:Yao Taoism
2087:East Asian
1853:Isma'ilism
1809:Maturidism
1588:Mennonites
1583:Hutterites
1568:Anabaptism
1461:Humanistic
1228:2020-09-13
1110:2020-09-13
1041:2020-09-13
1006:2020-09-13
917:References
867:Qarmatians
798:Al-Maqdisi
650:Initiation
465:Ashem Vohu
375:Vohu Manah
313:Theophobos
309:Theophilos
244:Azerbaijan
197:Aras River
159:al-Muqanna
151:Abu Muslim
132:Shia Islam
92:سرخجامگان
39:al-Muqanna
6251:Venezuela
6196:Argentina
6113:Australia
6065:Nicaragua
6040:Guatemala
5840:Lithuania
5662:Sri Lanka
5657:Singapore
5637:Palestine
5525:Indonesia
5515:Hong Kong
5337:Mauritius
5058:Overviews
5013:Criticism
4961:Terrorism
4936:Theocracy
4881:Happiness
4849:Pluralism
4834:Education
4760:Religion
4732:Salvation
4722:Sociology
4667:Religious
4647:Pantheism
4637:Nontheism
4530:Mountains
4508:Sacrifice
4463:Orthodoxy
4453:Mythology
4448:Mysticism
4337:Behaviour
4246:Canaanite
4229:Mithraism
4197:Pueblo IV
4187:Pueblo II
4092:Mazdakism
4067:Hungarian
4040:Mysteries
3949:Dravidian
3731:Hungarian
3647:Caucasian
3618:Godianism
3578:Agni Yoga
3568:Theosophy
3531:Rastafari
3506:Modekngei
3486:Brahmoism
3479:Syncretic
3471:movements
3469:religious
3381:Quimbanda
3329:Candomblé
3322:Diasporic
3101:Bathouism
3091:Benzhuism
3016:Tsimshian
2967:Purépecha
2888:Longhouse
2863:Sun Dance
2812:Blackfoot
2726:Malaysian
2716:Kapitayan
2526:Digambara
2511:Ayyavazhi
2476:Vajrayana
2441:Theravada
2354:Ganapatya
2327:Ramanandi
2256:Hoahaoism
2134:Yiguandao
2029:Yarsanism
2024:Shabakism
2011:Yazdânism
2001:Zurvanism
1996:Mazdaznan
1955:Rastafari
1950:Mandaeism
1824:Wahhabism
1804:Ash'arism
1767:Tolstoyan
1757:Spiritual
1747:Mormonism
1718:Judaizers
1691:Quakerism
1669:Methodist
1659:Irvingism
1610:Calvinism
1563:Adventism
1546:Moravians
1383:Abrahamic
903:Khorramis
841:Qizilbash
817:Naubakhti
685:Adherents
645:Festivals
625:Mazdakism
620:Zurvanism
575:Bundahišn
385:Faravahar
305:Byzantium
278:Osrushana
224:al-Ma'mun
193:Badd Fort
174:al-Tabari
104:Qizilbash
80:Muhammira
76:Mazdakism
6277:Category
6241:Suriname
6231:Paraguay
6216:Colombia
6123:Kiribati
6050:Honduras
6020:Dominica
5995:Barbados
5960:Scotland
5920:Slovenia
5915:Slovakia
5890:Portugal
5760:Bulgaria
5682:Thailand
5632:Pakistan
5612:Mongolia
5607:Maldives
5602:Malaysia
5490:Cambodia
5437:Zimbabwe
5412:Tanzania
5262:Ethiopia
5257:Eswatini
5237:Djibouti
5202:Cameroon
5187:Botswana
5131:Timeline
5126:Scholars
5086:Founders
4951:Violence
4906:Politics
4776:Business
4739:Theology
4483:Prophecy
4473:Paganism
4361:Covenant
4328:Apostasy
4263:Scythian
4204:Rapa Nui
4158:Thracian
4153:Illyrian
4143:Albanian
4114:Sumerian
4057:Harappan
3993:Germanic
3988:Georgian
3981:Selk'nam
3966:Etruscan
3954:Egyptian
3932:Druidism
3895:Armenian
3818:Satanism
3798:Eckankar
3721:Estonian
3706:Romanian
3696:Ossetian
3676:Germanic
3625:Armenian
3614:African
3607:paganism
3536:Sant Mat
3526:Rajneesh
3501:Meivazhi
3496:Japanese
3453:Siberian
3386:Santería
3356:Convince
3222:Bushongo
3126:Kiratism
3053:Hmongism
2930:Wocekiye
2915:Jivaroan
2883:Iroquois
2878:Ho-Chunk
2839:Cherokee
2777:American
2748:Hawaiian
2661:Sarnaism
2631:Tungusic
2619:Tengrism
2609:Mongolic
2538:Sarnaism
2469:Nichiren
2446:Mahayana
2433:Buddhism
2411:Sant Mat
2401:Sauraism
2396:Smartism
2391:Shaktism
2384:Balinese
2369:Kaumaram
2364:Kapalika
2359:Kashmiri
2344:Shaivism
2284:Hinduism
2251:Caodaism
2195:Ryukyuan
2190:Tenrikyo
2185:Shugendō
2163:Japanese
2034:Yazidism
2019:Ishikism
1897:Quranism
1870:Khawarij
1819:Salafism
1814:Atharism
1703:Esoteric
1674:Holiness
1664:Lutheran
1625:Reformed
1605:Baptists
1578:Brethren
1542:Hussites
1530:Assyrian
1446:Haymanot
1400:Orthodox
1349:Religion
851:See also
806:free sex
667:Marriage
640:Calendar
530:Visperad
525:Vendidad
430:Fravashi
328:a series
326:Part of
189:Javidhan
178:Hasemite
163:Muhammad
63:خرمدینان
49:prophet.
47:Mazdaean
6246:Uruguay
6221:Ecuador
6201:Bolivia
6178:Vanuatu
6105:Oceania
6055:Jamaica
6035:Grenada
5990:Bahamas
5950:England
5940:Ukraine
5895:Romania
5855:Moldova
5815:Ireland
5810:Iceland
5805:Hungary
5795:Germany
5785:Finland
5780:Estonia
5775:Denmark
5770:Czechia
5765:Croatia
5750:Belgium
5745:Belarus
5740:Austria
5735:Andorra
5730:Albania
5707:Vietnam
5617:Myanmar
5592:Lebanon
5510:Georgia
5470:Bahrain
5460:Armenia
5422:Tunisia
5392:Somalia
5377:Senegal
5362:Nigeria
5352:Namibia
5342:Morocco
5307:Liberia
5302:Lesotho
5252:Eritrea
5222:Comoros
5197:Burundi
5172:Algeria
5116:Outline
5081:Deities
5008:Atheism
4926:Science
4844:Freedom
4702:History
4669:studies
4622:Dualism
4612:Animism
4577:Worship
4557:Symbols
4498:Liturgy
4411:Goddess
4371:Deities
4352:Laicism
4342:Beliefs
4321:Aspects
4293:Zapotec
4288:Vainakh
4256:Yahwism
4241:Semitic
4170:Iranian
4072:Hurrian
4062:Hittite
4052:Guanche
4045:Orphism
3976:Fuegian
3971:Finnish
3959:Atenism
3905:Latvian
3890:Arabian
3833:Raëlism
3813:Jediism
3808:Goddess
3781:De novo
3669:Druidry
3563:Thelema
3516:New Age
3401:Umbanda
3292:Tumbuka
3277:Odinala
3262:Lugbara
3182:African
3148:African
3096:Bimoism
3086:Burmese
2942:Mapuche
2908:Wyandot
2868:Guarani
2849:Choctaw
2844:Chilote
2790:Alaskan
2785:Abenaki
2736:Tagalog
2709:Kejawèn
2558:Sikhism
2521:Jainism
2481:Tibetan
2464:Amidism
2332:Warkari
2246:Đạo Mẫu
2096:Chinese
2078:Eastern
2055:Roshani
1974:Iranian
1882:Alevism
1875:Ibadism
1848:Zaydism
1525:Ancient
1496:Eastern
1456:Renewal
1441:Karaite
1422:Zionist
1410:Hasidic
1392:Judaism
1374:Western
1089:. 1963.
810:khurram
570:Dēnkard
550:Ab-Zohr
415:Yazatas
390:Avestan
319:Beliefs
290:Ardabil
259:Isfahan
255:Hamadan
155:Messiah
128:Sunpadh
126:cleric
124:Persian
118:History
72:Iranian
59:Persian
6287:Portal
6226:Guyana
6206:Brazil
6173:Tuvalu
6070:Panama
6060:Mexico
6005:Canada
6000:Belize
5930:Sweden
5910:Serbia
5900:Russia
5885:Poland
5880:Norway
5860:Monaco
5830:Latvia
5825:Kosovo
5800:Greece
5790:France
5722:Europe
5687:Turkey
5672:Taiwan
5577:Kuwait
5550:Jordan
5540:Israel
5500:Cyprus
5485:Brunei
5480:Bhutan
5432:Zambia
5427:Uganda
5367:Rwanda
5322:Malawi
5282:Guinea
5272:Gambia
5177:Angola
5164:Africa
4973:Wealth
4921:Schism
4876:Growth
4800:Priest
4785:Clergy
4604:Theism
4587:Nature
4582:Astral
4525:Groves
4493:Ritual
4478:Prayer
4436:Novice
4386:Ethnic
4311:Topics
4283:Urartu
4278:Tongan
4273:Somali
4268:Slavic
4148:Dacian
3927:Celtic
3922:Basque
3900:Baltic
3751:Udmurt
3716:Uralic
3711:Slavic
3664:Celtic
3652:Abkhaz
3640:Romuva
3630:Baltic
3605:Modern
3448:Papuan
3411:Voodoo
3366:Kumina
3307:Yoruba
3297:Urhobo
3267:Maasai
3252:Lotuko
3200:Baluba
3190:Akamba
3163:Berber
3121:Heraka
3111:Dongba
2999:Pueblo
2994:Pawnee
2984:Navajo
2974:Muisca
2937:Lenape
2925:Lakota
2903:Seneca
2893:Mohawk
2827:Ohlone
2807:Apache
2800:Ojibwe
2775:Native
2641:Manchu
2636:Evenki
2597:Altaic
2588:Ethnic
2563:Khalsa
2516:Kalash
2406:Śrauta
2275:Indian
2205:Korean
2171:Shinto
2141:Taoism
2114:Luoism
1940:Baháʼí
1935:Bábism
1887:Ahmadi
1865:Sufism
1858:Alawis
1508:Church
1436:Reform
1417:Modern
1405:Haredi
1275:
1250:
1201:
1157:
1132:
1066:
965:Mazdak
831:Legacy
712:Iranis
702:Parsis
672:Burial
660:Sedreh
655:Kushti
535:Yashts
515:Gathas
460:Avesta
425:Daevas
420:Ahuras
84:Arabic
6211:Chile
6168:Tonga
6158:Samoa
6148:Palau
6138:Nauru
6045:Haiti
5965:Wales
5925:Spain
5850:Malta
5820:Italy
5712:Yemen
5667:Syria
5647:Qatar
5622:Nepal
5597:Macau
5560:Korea
5545:Japan
5520:India
5495:China
5407:Sudan
5357:Niger
5312:Libya
5297:Kenya
5277:Ghana
5267:Gabon
5242:Egypt
5182:Benin
5091:Index
5062:lists
4931:State
4749:Women
4617:Deism
4592:Place
4572:Water
4567:Truth
4535:Trees
4391:Faith
4356:Laity
4251:Punic
4209:Roman
4175:Vedic
4133:Olmec
4020:Greek
4013:Norse
3937:Irish
3758:Wicca
3553:Subud
3443:Inuit
3416:Winti
3406:Vodou
3371:Obeah
3351:Comfa
3334:Bantu
3287:Serer
3272:Mbuti
3232:Dogon
3227:Dinka
3210:Kongo
3205:Bantu
3131:Qiang
2962:Olmec
2952:Aztec
2873:Haida
2822:Miwok
2753:Māori
2684:Dayak
2605:Turko
2568:Sects
2504:Other
2459:Thiền
2043:Other
1945:Druze
1923:Other
1799:Sunni
1791:Islam
1573:Amish
1491:Latin
883:Notes
520:Yasna
88:محمرة
6236:Peru
6118:Fiji
6015:Cuba
5627:Oman
5587:Laos
5535:Iraq
5530:Iran
5447:Asia
5417:Togo
5327:Mali
5217:Chad
5060:and
4987:and
4562:Text
4542:Soul
4431:Monk
4396:Fire
4077:Inca
3885:Ainu
3769:list
3746:Sámi
3376:Palo
3344:Ketu
3339:Jejé
3257:Lozi
3237:Efik
3215:Zulu
3195:Akan
3048:Ahom
3040:Miao
3038:and
3026:Zuni
3009:Hopi
2957:Maya
2854:Crow
2832:Pomo
2494:list
2451:Chan
2422:list
2379:Nath
2177:list
1913:list
1838:Shia
1780:list
1467:list
1273:ISBN
1248:ISBN
1199:ISBN
1155:ISBN
1130:ISBN
1064:ISBN
839:the
370:Asha
257:and
134:and
102:The
53:The
45:and
41:, a
4966:War
4441:Nun
4406:God
3467:New
3312:Ifá
3282:San
3081:Bon
3036:Tai
3021:Ute
2455:Zen
2119:Nuo
905:or
167:Ali
6304::
4783:/
4354:/
3247:Ik
3058:Mo
1287:^
1221:.
1178:.
1103:.
1050:^
1034:.
1015:^
999:.
988:^
972:^
952:^
330:on
315:.
165:,
146:.
86::
61::
3324::
2861:/
2607:-
2457:/
2453:/
1730:/
1544:/
1341:e
1334:t
1327:v
1281:.
1256:.
1231:.
1207:.
1182:.
1163:.
1138:.
1113:.
1072:.
1044:.
1009:.
909:.
823:(
786:e
779:t
772:v
82:(
57:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
