1116:
1144:
66:
55:
1159:
73:
733:
892:
37:
498:
627:
1104:
1536:
143:
1128:
1088:
124:
114:
48:
1617:
971:
150:
404:
399:
1115:
867:
Following the war in 1945, the town became part of Poland. In July 1945, the Polish administration issued a decree that all
Germans are to wear on their clothing a discriminatory mark with "N" on white background. In the following, the German native population was
1143:
1158:
65:
869:
433:
54:
915:
has some 1800 businesses (1300 of which are located within the city's boundaries). The largest factories in
Kluczbork are: Fabryka Maszyn i Urządzeń „Famak” (machinery production), PV „Prefabet - Kluczbork” S.A.
1186:
1802:
699:
A fire on 23 April 1737 almost completely destroyed the town, leaving only a few houses and the castle unscathed. Several years of rebuilding passed before it reached its previous size.
928:
907:
and construction material, alongside newly emerging industries, namely: the transport sector, trade, agriculture and the food production sector as well as being the centre for the
72:
668:
began to grow in importance in 1553, but suffered a fire in 1569. Another great fire destroyed many houses on 8 December 1562. On 25 January 1588, the day after the
1797:
1787:
1807:
1425:
817:
1480:
580:
729:-speaking population of 5,238 in 1875, although it was located in a Polish-dominated district. The population grew to 8,750 by 1895 and 10,236 by 1900.
1583:
821:
1228:
548:
1298:
274:
732:
171:
1535:
563:. The Knights built a settlement on 2 November 1252 . Named Cruceburg (later spelled Creutzburg, Creuzburg, Kreuzburg), it received
1706:
1127:
1746:
142:
1271:
Cygański, Mirosław (1984). "Hitlerowskie prześladowania przywódców i aktywu Związków Polaków w
Niemczech w latach 1939-1945".
36:
1701:
1473:
1374:
993:
1721:
1716:
986:
1756:
1676:
1631:
1576:
540:). In the late 10th century the Silesian territory was included in the emerging Polish state by its first historic ruler
649:
354:
1103:
803:
sentiments became more visible. In 1936, the
Germans changed the Polish-sounding street names, and in 1938, during the
1661:
1027:
608:
1782:
1150:
772:
1087:
123:
1792:
1641:
1466:
768:
508:
have determined that a settlement existed at the location of present-day
Kluczbork by 1000–800 BCE. The Germanic
403:
398:
1187:"Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June"
891:
829:
1569:
788:
630:
497:
392:
382:
372:
1023:
113:
1550:
809:
they burned down the synagogue, built in 1886. Local Polish leader Paweł Widera was arrested in May 1939.
764:
722:
677:
213:
1319:
Kreuzburg : Stadt und Kreis in
Oberschlesien ; Geschichte und Erinnerung ; ein Heimatbuch
796:
681:
604:
333:
592:
864:
on 20 January 1945 toward the end of the war. After German surrender, the German population returned.
852:
were moved to Ilag VIII/Z, whereas the remaining POWs passed through the town in a German-perpetrated
959:
875:
Between 1975–1998, the town was administratively part of the former Opole
Voivodeship. A monument of
745:
737:
634:
596:
343:
1236:
626:
47:
1691:
711:
637:
1291:
The United States
Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV
1777:
940:
703:
552:
1651:
1341:
1294:
848:
in
January 1945 to then German-speaking parts of Bohemia. In January 1945, sick POWs from the
714:. Under Prussian rule the town and the region saw a large influx of German-speaking settlers.
669:
653:
620:
463:
447:
218:
567:
on 26 February 1253, now accepted as the official date of the town's foundation. The
Knights
1686:
1656:
1525:
1489:
1332:
Stanek, Piotr (2015). "Stalag Luft 7 Bankau i jego ewakuacja na Zachód w styczniu 1945 r.".
1057:
1051:
1045:
908:
853:
665:
600:
588:
564:
467:
230:
1592:
1520:
1073:
1005:
912:
760:
726:
689:
661:
657:
645:
439:
426:
242:
1741:
1011:
974:
876:
696:
in the city in 1663 and 1668. The town had a population of approximately 1,000 in 1681.
1711:
1017:
921:
904:
837:
616:
970:
1771:
1726:
1515:
1039:
999:
955:
944:
849:
841:
805:
784:
753:
718:
707:
612:
584:
505:
1736:
1666:
1165:
1033:
857:
825:
813:
800:
673:
568:
560:
1293:. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 254.
1751:
1731:
1671:
1616:
936:
759:
in 1921. 95.6% (37,957 votes out of 39,703 participants) voted to remain within
749:
685:
1452:
982:
792:
756:
533:
478:
1361:
Vertreibung und Aussiedlung der deutschen Bevölkerung aus Polen 1945 bis 1949
1345:
186:
173:
1681:
900:
541:
537:
513:
486:
324:
1696:
1636:
556:
482:
660:
of a salt market. For centuries the town was inhabited by a predominantly
1646:
978:
917:
880:
861:
845:
474:
932:
927:
The part of the town of Kluczbork, around Ligota Dolna, is part of the
824:
officers. In 1942, it was dissolved and the POWs were relocated to the
619:
until its dissolution in 1675. Afterwards it was incorporated into the
529:
525:
521:
1061:
935:). The current investors in the Wałbrzych Special Economic Zone are:
459:
350:
329:
225:
206:
832:
in German-occupied Czechoslovakia. In 1943, the Germans founded the
1458:
1561:
969:
890:
731:
693:
625:
603:
until 1341, when it came under direct rule of the King of Poland,
517:
509:
496:
237:
1289:
Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022).
962:
club founded in 2003 as a result of a merger of two local clubs.
833:
576:
572:
571:
in the town until 1274, when it started to be administered by a
455:
1565:
1462:
736:
Memorial plaque at the site of the former German Oflag VIII A
1400:
1060:(born 1988), computer scientist, businessman; co-founder of
583:, Kluczbork was part of various Polish duchies ruled by the
414:
844:. The Germans evacuated the populace before the advancing
611:, and continued to belong to various duchies ruled by the
1036:(1897–1946), Nazi SS police chief executed for war crimes
551:
acquired territory in Silesia, including the villages of
516:
settled in the vicinity, and were followed c. 100 BCE by
899:
Kluczbork's economy is dominated by the production of
816:, in 1939, the Germans established the Oflag VIII-A
692:
settled in the city after 1660, and organized their
1624:
1599:
1543:
1508:
410:
391:
381:
371:
361:
340:
323:
315:
307:
302:
294:
286:
281:
269:
264:
256:
248:
236:
224:
212:
202:
21:
702:In the 18th century Kreuzburg was annexed by the
676:plundered the city. The townspeople accepted the
1803:Populated places established in the 13th century
462:with 23,554 inhabitants (2019), situated in the
911:'s banks and other financial institutions. The
648:operated in Kluczbork during the reign of Duke
623:, as part of the Habsburg-ruled Czech Kingdom.
1321:. Heimatkreisverband Kreuzburg, Oberschlesien.
771:; to differentiate between other places named
1577:
1474:
895:Kluczbork budget income's sources as of 2015.
8:
920:materials) and Wagrem sp. z o.o. Kluczbork (
615:. From 1536 it was part of the Piast-ruled
536:came to the region in the 7th century (see
1584:
1570:
1562:
1481:
1467:
1459:
1375:"Kluczbork - Pomnik ks. dr Jana Dzierżona"
1259:Topographisches handbuch von Oberschliesen
939:, Inpol-Krak Tubes Service Center and the
652:, in the early 14th century. In 1426 Duke
477:splits into two directions – westwards to
18:
836:VIII/Z camp for interned citizens of the
1312:
1310:
1178:
1164:The grave of Polish soldiers killed in
1083:
1008:(1660–1747), philosopher and theologian
1002:(1615–1688), parish priest in this city
520:and various Germanic tribes, including
409:
390:
380:
360:
322:
301:
293:
280:
263:
247:
201:
166:
135:
107:
27:
1284:
1282:
1229:"Najważniejsze daty z historii miasta"
791:and had 11,693 inhabitants. After the
549:Knights of the Cross with the Red Star
473:In Kluczbork the major rail line from
1798:13th-century establishments in Poland
1788:Cities and towns in Opole Voivodeship
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
879:, pioneering and world-famous Polish
370:
339:
314:
306:
285:
268:
255:
235:
223:
211:
7:
1808:Populated riverside places in Poland
795:took power in Germany in the 1930s,
787:). By 1939 the town was the seat of
579:were introduced. As a result of the
470:and an important railroad junction.
290:12.35 km (4.77 sq mi)
1020:(1816–1895), dramatist and novelist
820:initially for Polish and later for
943:Seppeler Gruppe Ocynkownia Śląsk (
93:Our Lady Help of Christians Church
87:From top, left to right: Town Hall
16:Place in Opole Voivodeship, Poland
14:
149:
1615:
1534:
1157:
1142:
1126:
1114:
1102:
1086:
752:, Kreuzburg was involved in the
725:in 1871. It had a predominantly
710:and became part of the Prussian
680:in 1656 and converted the local
581:dynastic fragmentation of Poland
425:
402:
397:
148:
141:
122:
112:
71:
64:
53:
46:
35:
1193:. Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15
929:Wałbrzych Special Economic Zone
856:. The town was captured by the
994:Category:People from Kluczbork
1:
1453:Jewish Community in Kluczbork
1359:Nitschke, Bernadetta (2004).
1334:Łambinowicki rocznik muzealny
1074:twin towns of Gmina Kluczbork
319:1,952.3/km (5,056/sq mi)
717:The town became part of the
575:of local Silesian dukes and
485:. It is also connected with
1426:"BAZY BIBLIOTEKI NARODOWEJ"
1235:(in Polish). Archived from
987:Łowkowice, Kluczbork County
607:. In 1356 it passed to the
1824:
1261:, 1865, p. 145 (in German)
1233:Urząd Miejski w Kluczborku
1151:Sisters of Saint Elizabeth
1121:Church of St. Mary of Help
1068:Twin towns – sister cities
991:
1613:
1532:
1496:
1363:. Oldenbourg. p. 98.
769:Province of Upper Silesia
650:Bolesław III the Generous
167:
136:
108:
28:
1030:, near this city – 1942)
883:, was unveiled in 1981.
789:Landkreis Kreuzburg O.S.
767:. It became part of the
664:-speaking populace. The
547:In the 13th century the
415:https://www.kluczbork.eu
298:190 m (620 ft)
99:Church of Christ Saviour
1054:(born 1979), politician
763:instead of joining the
466:. It is the capital of
451:
1551:Gmina Lasowice Wielkie
989:
981:and "father of modern
896:
765:Second Polish Republic
741:
723:unification of Germany
678:Protestant Reformation
672:, Polish troops under
641:
502:
443:
1014:(1811–1906), apiarist
973:
894:
735:
682:Roman Catholic Church
629:
605:Casimir III the Great
500:
342: • Summer (
1401:"Marcegaglia Poland"
1275:(in Polish) (4): 28.
1239:on 22 September 2020
1024:Walther von Lüttwitz
960:association football
818:prisoner-of-war camp
746:Treaty of Versailles
740:and Ilag VIII/Z camp
738:prisoner of war camp
316: • Density
1048:(born 1972), singer
1042:(1925–2003), author
712:Province of Silesia
706:in 1741 during the
638:Kluczbork Town Hall
183: /
96:Kluczbork monastery
1509:Urban-rural gminas
1405:www.marcegaglia.pl
1379:PolskaNiezwykla.pl
990:
958:is a professional
937:Marcegaglia Poland
897:
775:, it was known as
742:
704:Kingdom of Prussia
656:granted Kluczbork
642:
528:. The latter left
503:
481:and northwards to
308: • Total
287: • Total
270: • Mayor
1783:Cities in Silesia
1765:
1764:
1652:Bogacka Szklarnia
1559:
1558:
1455:on Virtual Shtetl
1317:Rosemarie Dette.
1300:978-0-253-06089-1
1273:Przegląd Zachodni
1149:Monastery of the
670:Battle of Byczyna
654:Louis II of Brzeg
621:Habsburg monarchy
597:Duchy of Oleśnica
501:Kraków Gate Tower
464:Opole Voivodeship
420:
419:
273:Jarosław Kielar (
187:50.983°N 18.217°E
103:
1815:
1793:Kluczbork County
1692:Kujakowice Górne
1687:Kujakowice Dolne
1619:
1586:
1579:
1572:
1563:
1538:
1490:Kluczbork County
1483:
1476:
1469:
1460:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1340:. Opole: 64–65.
1329:
1323:
1322:
1314:
1305:
1304:
1286:
1277:
1276:
1268:
1262:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1225:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1183:
1161:
1146:
1130:
1118:
1106:
1090:
1058:Wojciech Zaremba
1052:Tomasz Garbowski
909:Kluczbork County
830:Moravská Třebová
666:textile industry
601:Duchy of Legnica
589:Duchy of Silesia
565:Magdeburg rights
468:Kluczbork County
437:
436:
435:
428:
406:
401:
347:
198:
197:
195:
194:
193:
188:
184:
181:
180:
179:
176:
152:
151:
145:
126:
116:
83:
75:
68:
57:
50:
39:
19:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1620:
1611:
1595:
1593:Gmina Kluczbork
1590:
1560:
1555:
1539:
1530:
1521:Gmina Kluczbork
1504:
1492:
1487:
1449:
1444:
1434:
1432:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1409:
1407:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1384:
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1227:
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1205:
1196:
1194:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1153:
1147:
1138:
1131:
1122:
1119:
1110:
1109:Railway station
1107:
1098:
1093:Market Square (
1091:
1082:
1070:
1006:Samuel Crellius
996:
985:", was born in
968:
953:
931:(area of 53939
913:Gmina Kluczbork
889:
690:Polish Brethren
599:until 1323 and
593:Duchy of Głogów
495:
432:
431:
430:
367:
341:
191:
189:
185:
182:
177:
174:
172:
170:
169:
163:
162:
161:
160:
159:
158:
157:
153:
132:
131:
130:
129:
120:
119:
104:
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1759:
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1712:Ligota Zamecka
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1447:External links
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1257:Felix Triest,
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1177:
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1135:Municipal Park
1133:Park Miejski (
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1018:Gustav Freytag
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1003:
967:
966:Notable people
964:
952:
949:
922:weighing scale
888:
885:
838:United Kingdom
779:(referring to
777:Kreuzburg O.S.
761:Weimar Germany
754:Upper Silesian
744:Following the
640:and townhouses
617:Duchy of Brzeg
506:Archaeologists
494:
491:
444:Kreuzburg O.S.
418:
417:
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395:
393:National roads
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366:46–200, 46–203
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1727:Nowa Bogacica
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1564:
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1537:
1527:
1526:Gmina Wołczyn
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1516:Gmina Byczyna
1514:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1479:
1477:
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1430:mak.bn.org.pl
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1747:Stare Czaple
1742:Smardy Górne
1737:Smardy Dolne
1707:Ligota Górna
1702:Ligota Dolna
1667:Czaple Wolne
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1433:. Retrieved
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1237:the original
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1195:. Retrieved
1190:
1181:
1166:World War II
1134:
1094:
1071:
1034:Kurt Daluege
1012:Jan Dzierżon
975:Jan Dzierżon
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877:Jan Dzierżon
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858:Soviet Union
828:POW camp in
826:Oflag VIII-F
814:World War II
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674:Jan Zamoyski
643:
595:until 1312,
591:until 1293,
561:Chocianowice
546:
504:
472:
458:in southern
422:
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252:13th century
128:Coat of arms
1732:Przybkowice
1544:Rural gmina
1385:14 February
1381:(in Polish)
1243:14 February
1191:stat.gov.pl
854:death march
846:Soviet army
801:anti-Jewish
797:anti-Polish
750:World War I
631:Renaissance
609:Czech Crown
569:adjudicated
532:c. 400 and
362:Postal code
257:Town rights
249:Established
214:Voivodeship
190: /
1772:Categories
1435:31 January
1410:31 January
1197:2020-02-14
1174:References
992:See also:
983:apiculture
947:company).
924:repairs).
793:Nazi Party
757:referendum
658:privileges
534:West Slavs
452:Kluczborek
383:Car plates
303:Population
265:Government
1778:Kluczbork
1717:Łowkowice
1682:Krzywizna
1662:Borkowice
1607:Kluczbork
1502:Kluczbork
1346:0137-5199
977:, Polish
901:machinery
773:Kreuzburg
721:upon the
688:one. The
553:Młodoszów
542:Mieszko I
538:Silesians
514:Bastarnae
487:Fosowskie
423:Kluczbork
373:Area code
325:Time zone
295:Elevation
243:Kluczbork
231:Kluczbork
156:Kluczbork
90:City Park
23:Kluczbork
1757:Żabiniec
1752:Unieszów
1722:Maciejów
1672:Gotartów
1647:Bogacica
1625:Villages
1028:Bogacica
979:apiarist
918:concrete
905:knitwear
881:apiarist
870:expelled
862:Red Army
840:and the
686:Lutheran
475:Katowice
448:Silesian
1677:Krasków
1642:Biadacz
1168:in 1939
1080:Gallery
1026:(1859,
887:Economy
812:During
684:into a
635:Baroque
530:Silesia
526:Vandals
522:Silingi
493:History
479:Wrocław
454:) is a
411:Website
203:Country
178:18°13′E
175:50°59′N
1697:Kuniów
1637:Bażany
1344:
1297:
1062:OpenAI
941:German
822:French
748:after
727:German
694:synods
662:Polish
577:juries
559:, and
557:Kuniów
483:Poznań
460:Poland
440:German
377:+48 77
311:23,554
226:County
207:Poland
1632:Bąków
1499:Seat:
1095:Rynek
951:Sport
783:, or
518:Celts
510:Sciri
429:
351:UTC+2
330:UTC+1
238:Gmina
219:Opole
1437:2017
1412:2017
1387:2020
1342:ISSN
1295:ISBN
1245:2020
1072:See
834:Ilag
799:and
646:mint
573:vogt
524:and
512:and
456:town
355:CEST
282:Area
260:1252
118:Flag
860:'s
387:OKL
344:DST
334:CET
275:OKS
1774::
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1309:^
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933:ha
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644:A
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