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549:). The name "koodiyattam", meaning playing or performing together, is thought to refer to the presence of multiple actors on stage who act in rhythm with the beats of the mizhavu drummers. Alternatively, it may also be a reference to a common practice in Sanskrit drama where a single actor who has performed solo for several nights is joined by another.
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In 1962, under the leadership of art and
Sanskrit scholar V. Raghavan, Sanskrit Ranga of Madras invited Guru Mani Madhava Chakyar to perform koodiyattam in Chennai. Thus for the first time in history koodiyattam was performed outside Kerala. They presented over three nights koodiyattam scenes from
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My own people condemned my action (performing Koothu and
Kutiyattam outside the precincts of the temples), Once, after I had given performances at Vaikkom, they even thought about excommunicating me. I desired that this art should survive the test of time. That was precisely why I ventured outside
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in Hindu temples and access to these performances was restricted to only caste Hindus. Also, performances can take up to forty days to complete. The collapse of the feudal order in the nineteenth century in Kerala curtailed the patronage of koodiyattam artists, and they faced serious financial
556:, are not allowed to participate. Instead, the female roles are played by Nangyaramma. Koodiyattam performances are often lengthy and elaborate, ranging from 12 to 150 hours spread across several nights. A complete Koodiyattam performance consists of three parts. The first of these is the
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has called for the creation of a network of koodiyattam institutions and gurukalams to promote the transmission of the art form to future generations and for the development of new audiences besides fostering greater academic research in it. Natanakairali in
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Ancient kings are among those listed as authors of works for these services. There is evidence of these across the ancient subcontinent during the Chola and
Pallava periods. A Pallava king called Rajasimha has been credited with authoring the play
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403:, a medieval king of the Chera Perumal dynasty, reformed koodiyattam, introducing the local language for Vidusaka and structuring the presentation of the play into well-defined units. He himself wrote two plays,
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1974:
364:. It is the only surviving art form that uses drama from ancient Sanskrit theatre. It has a documented history of a thousand years in Kerala, but its origins are not known. Koodiyattam and
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were among the dramatized dance worship services in the temples of ancient India, particularly Kerala. Both koodiyattam and
Chakyar koothu originated from the ancient art form
1126:
1967:
696:, who in 1981 became the first Residential Guru at Margi, an institution promoting traditional art forms of Kerala. He was a cousin of Ammannur Madhava Chakyar.
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difficulties. Following a revival in the early twentieth century, Koodiyattam is once again facing a lack of funding, leading to a crisis in the profession.
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The elders of the
Chakyar community traditionally taught the artform to their youngsters. It was performed only by Chakyars until the 1950s. In 1955, Guru
1983:
1960:
576:, which is the play itself. While the first two parts are solo acts, koodiyattam can have as many characters as are required to perform on the stage.
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performed
Kutiyattam outside the temple for the first time, for which he faced many problems from the hardline Chakyar community. In his own words:
620:, studied koodiyattam with Mani Madhava Chakyar and became the first non-Chakyar/nambiar to learn the art form. He stayed in Guru's home at
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The main actor is a
Chakyar who performs the ritualistic koothu and koodiyattam inside the temple or in the koothambalam. Chakyar women,
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502:. The mizhavu, the most prominent of these, is a percussion instrument that is played by a person of the Ambalavas
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in Tamil, which has the topic of Ravana becoming subject to Siva's anger and being subdued mercilessly for this.
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is one of the most prominent institutions in the field of koodiyattam revival. The Margi
Theatre Group in
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In early 1960s Maria
Christoffer Byrski, a Polish student doing research in Indian theatres at
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where an actor performs a verse along with the nritta aspect of dance. Following this is the
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Koodiyattam traditionally was an exclusive art form performed in special venues called
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Rajendran C, "The
Traditional Sanskrit Theatre of Kerala" (University of Calicut,1989)
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is an institution promoting koodiyattam and related art forms at Moozhikkulam. The
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Kudiyattam: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to the Living Sanskrit Theater of Kerala
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Bibliography of the Books, Papers & Other Contributions of Dr. V. Raghavan
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the master treatise on all aspects of koodiyattam by Guru Mani Madhva Chakyar
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Virginie Johan, "Kuttu-Kutiyattam : théâtres classiques du Kerala".
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568:, presents the mood of the main character of the play. Then there is the
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506:, accompanied by Nangyaramma playing the kuzhithalam (a type of cymbal).
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and made arrangements for their presentation on stage with the help of a
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Traditionally, the main musical instruments used in koodiyattam are the
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1221:(University of Michigan Press, 2002). CD-ROM featuring videos and text.
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745:, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama, has awarded the
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Virginie Johan, "Pour un théâtre des yeux : l’exemple indien".
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periods. Inscriptions related to koothu can be seen in temples at
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Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
1261:"Creating and Destroying the Universe in Twenty-Nine Nights"
857:"Creating and Destroying the Universe in Twenty-Nine Nights"
338:
Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
1049:"Koodiyattom festival begins at Moozhikulam – The Hindu"
314:) is a traditional performing art form in the state of
937:, K.N. Panikar, Sangeet Natak Akademi New Delhi, 1994
1207:, another work of dramatic theory comparable to the
729:
is another organisation dedicated to the revival of
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51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
526:Traditionally, koodiyattam has been performed by
16:Traditional performing art form in Kerala, India
1984:UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
585:
1249:Wikiquote:Guru Mani Madhava Chakyar/Kutiyattam
757:(2010) and Painkulam Damodara Chakyar (2012).
478:(a wooden box made especially to keep mizhavu)
1968:
1286:
1170:-winning book on Koodiyattam written by Guru
963:Venkatarama Raghavan, A. L. Mudaliar (1968),
8:
1183:, an ancient work of dramatic theory where
985:, Samskrita Ranga, Madras, 1967, p. 77
952:, Samskrita Ranga, Madras, 1963, p. 89
299:
1975:
1961:
1953:
1293:
1279:
1271:
356:Koodiyattam, meaning "combined acting" in
131:
996:Mani Madhava Chakkyar: The Master at Work
935:Mani Madhava Chakkyar: The Master at Work
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1127:Mani Madhava Chakyar: The Master at Work
969:, New Order Book Co., India, p. 370
1174:, considered authoritative by scholars.
831:"UNESCO – Kutiyattam, Sanskrit theatre"
822:
201:
122:
1219:Kutiyattam: Sanskrit Theater of India
439:of Harsa, and many plays ascribed to
328:, an ancient performing art from the
7:
49:adding citations to reliable sources
1921:
1259:Shulman, David (24 November 2012),
213:UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
906:, Department of Cultural Affairs,
14:
384:, Tiruvidaimaruthur, Vedaranyam,
332:. It is officially recognised by
318:. It is a combination of ancient
2414:
1934:
1920:
1909:
1908:
1897:
1896:
1073:Official website. Archived from
811:Moozhikkulam Kochukuttan Chakyar
694:Moozhikkulam Kochukuttan Chakyar
25:
1326:Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi
1067:"SNA: List of Akademi Awardees"
624:and studied in the traditional
36:needs additional citations for
1087:Chakiar, Mani Madhava (1975),
1021:"Kutiyattam, Sanskrit theatre"
663:Nayaka (Hero) King Udayana in
1:
1107:An Introduction to Kutiyattam
900:Bhargavinilayam, Das (1999),
751:Kalamandalam Sivan Namboodiri
665:Swapnavasavadattam Kutiyattam
159:) Koodiyattam (1962, Chennai)
1265:The New York Review of Books
1168:Kerala Sahitya Academy Award
861:The New York Review of Books
205:Kutiyattam, Sanskrit theatre
2061:Bumba-meu-boi from Maranhão
2001:Albanian folk iso-polyphony
1229:Revue d’histoire du théâtre
747:Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
2482:
2466:Cultural heritage of India
2461:Religious vernacular drama
1781:Tattamangalam Kuthira Vela
982:The Samskrita Ranga Annual
949:The Samskrita Ranga Annual
652:(lust), performed by Guru
141:and his troupe performing
2412:
1991:
1892:
1766:Onathallu or Avittathallu
1676:Aluva Sivarathri festival
1321:Kerala Lalitakala Academy
1035:"Welcome to margitheatre"
291:
209:
130:
2441:Performing arts in India
2156:Georgian vocal polyphony
1786:Thirumandhamkunnu Pooram
1731:Kottankulangara Festival
1686:Edakkunni Uthram Vilakku
688:Ammannur Madhava Chakyar
618:Banaras Hindu University
1331:Kerala Folklore Academy
1105:Raja, Kunjunni (1964),
755:Painkulam Raman Chakyar
612:Koodiyattam face makeup
564:where the actor, using
1756:Nenmara Vallanghy Vela
1238:, 2006 : 259–274.
1157:
781:
678:
677:as Ravanan at Nepathya
667:
656:
613:
590:
523:
479:
462:
458:Koodiyattam performer
353:
2376:The Song of the Sibyl
1650:Kerala mural painting
1309:Arts Promotion Bodies
1231:216, 2002-4: 365–382.
1150:
1132:Sangeet Natak Akademi
1111:Sangeet Natak Akademi
1095:Sangeet Natak Akademi
1071:Sangeet Natak Akademi
1004:Sangeet Natak Akademi
778:Mani Damodara Chakyar
768:
743:Sangeet Natak Akademi
700:Mani Damodara Chakyar
673:
662:
639:
622:Killikkurussimangalam
611:
517:
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2026:Ashiqs of Azerbaijan
1751:Kalpathi Ratholsavam
1746:Nalukulangara Pooram
1172:Mani Madhava Chakyar
908:Government of Kerala
683:Mani Madhava Chakyar
654:Mani Madhava Chakyar
581:Mani Madhava Chakyar
520:Mani Madhava Chakyar
399:It is believed that
253:Asia and the Pacific
139:Mani Madhava Chakyar
45:improve this article
1836:Musical instruments
1701:Kadavallur Anyonyam
1387:Sheethankan Thullal
1316:Kerala Kalamandalam
924:on 15 February 2008
733:and koodiyattom in
405:Subhadradhananjayam
259:Inscription history
181:Originating culture
1853:Kombu (instrument)
1801:Uthralikavu Pooram
1681:Arattupuzha Pooram
1158:
1122:Kavalam N. Panikar
1000:Kavalam N. Panikar
782:
727:Thiruvananthapuram
679:
668:
657:
614:
599:Subhadrādhanañjaya
524:
480:
474:Mizhavu kept in a
463:
425:Kalyanasaugandhika
354:
267:2001 (3rd session)
153:based on the epic
2423:
2422:
2071:Dainichido Bugaku
1950:
1949:
1696:Ilanjithara Melam
1469:Charadupinnikkali
1302:Culture of Kerala
1077:on 31 March 2016.
646:(emotion) called
518:Koodiyattam Guru
510:Performance style
401:Kulasekhara Varma
322:with elements of
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2451:Theatre of India
2446:Dances of Kerala
2418:
2351:Slovácko Verbuňk
2221:Khorasan Bakhshi
2086:Cante Alentejano
1977:
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1941:India portal
1939:
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1771:Peruvanam Pooram
1726:Kottakkal pooram
1579:Parichamuttukali
1514:Kothammuriyattam
1499:Garudan Thookkam
1474:Chavittu Nadakam
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1200:Abhinaya Darpana
1189:Sanskrit theatre
1153:Nātyakalpadrumam
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1090:Nātyakalpadrumam
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998:(English film),
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903:Mani Madhaveeyam
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855:Shulman, David.
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776:. The artist is
423:of Saktibhadra,
320:Sanskrit theatre
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2286:Ojkanje singing
2186:Jongmyo Jereyak
2106:Cremona violins
2091:Cantonese opera
2066:Byzantine music
2031:Azerbaijani tar
1987:
1981:
1951:
1946:
1935:
1933:
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1867:
1831:
1810:
1796:Thrissur Pooram
1736:Machad Mamangam
1691:Gandharvanpattu
1654:
1638:
1534:Malavazhiyattam
1452:
1438:Pulluvan Paattu
1403:Kshetram vadyam
1391:
1382:Parayan thullal
1340:Performing arts
1335:
1304:
1299:
1258:
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1215:Farley Richmond
1163:Natyakalpadruma
1145:
1143:Further reading
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1055:. 30 July 2012.
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421:Ascaryacudamani
409:Tapatisamvarana
394:Kailasodharanam
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101:November 2019
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62: –
61:
60:"Koodiyattam"
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
2406:Xoan singing
2396:Wayang kulit
2346:Silbo Gomero
2215:
2161:Gong culture
2016:Arabic maqam
1932:
1925:
1913:
1901:
1815:Martial arts
1791:Thiruvathira
1716:Keralotsavam
1609:Thacholikali
1544:Mangalamkali
1519:Kummattikali
1423:Panchavadyam
1408:Kuzhal Pattu
1377:Ottamthullal
1367:Mohiniyattam
1361:
1264:
1236:Coulisses 33
1235:
1228:
1218:
1208:
1198:
1193:Gupta Empire
1185:Bharata Muni
1178:
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1125:
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1088:
1075:the original
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922:the original
902:
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864:. Retrieved
860:
850:
838:. Retrieved
834:
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796:Mohiniyattam
770:Mattavilasam
723:Irinjalakuda
712:
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309:combined act
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67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
2436:Koodiyattam
2401:Xi'an guyue
2391:Vedic chant
2256:Morin khuur
2216:Koodiyattam
2191:Iraqi Maqam
1927:WikiProject
1594:Poothamkali
1554:Margam Kali
1549:Marathukali
1539:Malayikuthu
1524:Kuthiyottam
1428:Pandi Melam
1362:Koodiyattam
840:21 February
786:Margi Sathi
675:Margi Madhu
588:the temple.
574:koodiyattam
540:Nangyaramma
522:as "Ravana"
496:kurumkuzhal
466:Instruments
460:Kapila Venu
352:Koodiyattam
284:Koodiyattam
264:Inscription
126:Koodiyattam
2430:Categories
2366:Sutartinės
2361:Sosso Bala
2341:Shashmaqam
2336:Seto Leelo
2226:Kumi odori
2036:Baul music
1879:Sarpa Kavu
1706:Kanyarkali
1666:Aanayoottu
1619:Theyyannam
1584:Poorakkali
1564:Nayadikali
1489:Eruthukali
1484:Duff Muttu
1479:Chozhikali
1448:Thayambaka
1166:(1975), a
866:9 December
817:References
593:the plays
570:nirvahanam
562:nirvahanam
554:Illotammas
544:Ambalavasi
534:of Kerala
488:kuzhitalam
330:Sangam era
292:കൂടിയാട്ടം
195:Sangam era
71:newspapers
2386:Vallenato
2241:Long song
2201:Kgal Laox
1903:Templates
1776:Puli Kali
1659:Festivals
1643:Fine arts
1629:Thiyyattu
1604:Slamakali
1457:Folk arts
1352:Kathakali
1136:New Delhi
1115:New Delhi
1099:New Delhi
1053:The Hindu
1008:New Delhi
886:The Hindu
774:Kottiyoor
731:kathakali
649:Sringaram
558:purappadu
538:) and by
476:mizhavana
437:Nagananda
433:Bodhayana
386:Tiruvarur
358:Malayalam
288:Malayalam
239:Reference
145:(part of
2321:Rebetiko
2276:Nhã nhạc
2081:Candombe
2051:Biyelgee
2006:Angklung
1915:Category
1884:Tharavad
1827:Velakali
1711:Karivela
1671:Aaraattu
1574:Padayani
1559:Mudiyett
1124:(1994),
761:See also
753:(2007),
739:Nepathya
737:. Also,
626:Gurukula
595:Abhiṣeka
566:abhinaya
532:subcaste
528:Chakyars
445:Abhiseka
415:friend (
374:Pandiyan
156:Ramayana
149:'s play
2371:Táncház
2301:Quan họ
2296:Pirekua
2291:Pansori
2251:Meshrep
2206:Khuumii
2046:Bigwala
2041:Bećarac
2021:Arirang
1986:: Music
1872:Society
1858:Mizhavu
1614:Theyyam
1589:Poothan
1509:Kolkali
1494:Gadhika
1443:Sopanam
1191:of the
1010:, 1994.
801:Thulall
707:Decline
603:Nāgānda
484:mizhavu
449:Pratima
417:Thozhan
413:Brahmin
382:Tanjore
303:
231:Domains
221:Country
85:scholar
2316:Reggae
2281:Nongak
2271:Nanyin
2261:Mugham
2246:Maloya
2176:Hua'er
2141:Gagaku
2136:Fujara
2121:Eshuva
2101:Ca trù
1863:Timila
1848:Idakka
1843:Chenda
1569:Oppana
914:
735:Kerala
718:UNESCO
536:Hindus
500:sankhu
498:, and
492:edakka
370:koothu
344:Origin
334:UNESCO
325:Koothu
249:Region
185:Kerala
174:Koothu
165:Medium
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
2311:Radif
2266:Muqam
2236:Lhamo
2231:Kunqu
2211:Klapa
2171:Gwoka
2166:Guqin
2146:Gagok
2131:Frevo
2116:Duduk
2111:Doina
1806:Vishu
1396:Music
628:way.
441:Bhasa
378:Chola
336:as a
243:00010
225:India
171:with
147:Bhasa
137:Guru
92:JSTOR
78:books
2326:Sama
2126:Fado
2011:Aqyn
1761:Onam
1177:The
912:ISBN
868:2012
842:2022
643:rasa
640:The
601:and
447:and
407:and
300:lit.
296:IAST
273:List
64:news
1203:by
530:(a
431:of
47:by
2432::
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910:,
898:*
884:.
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451:.
435:,
340:.
294:;
290::
1976:e
1969:t
1962:v
1294:e
1287:t
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844:.
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312:'
306:'
286:(
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
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