408:
85:
72:
58:
45:
31:
705:
are present on mast cells, eosinophil, and endothelial cells. During cysteinyl leukotriene interaction, they can stimulate proinflammatory activities such as endothelial cell adherence and chemokine production by mast cells. As well as mediating inflammation, they induce asthma and other inflammatory
381:
Leukotrienes originating from the omega-3 class eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) have diminished inflammatory effects. In human subjects whose diets have been supplemented with eicosapentaenoic acid, leukotrine B5, along with leukotrine B4, is produced by neutrophils.
1728:
Advances in prostaglandin and leukotriene research: basic science and new clinical applications: 11th
International Conference on Advances in Prostaglandin and Leukotriene Research: Basic Science and New Clinical Applications, Florence, Italy, June 4–8,
569:
on target cells to contract bronchial and vascular smooth muscle, to increase permeability of small blood vessels, to enhance secretion of mucus in the airway and gut, and to recruit leukocytes to sites of inflammation.
339:. Its primary function is to recruit neutrophils to areas of tissue damage, though it also helps promote the production of inflammatory cytokines by various immune cells. Drugs that block the actions of LTB
2500:
722:, correlating with disease severity. Cysteinyl leukotrienes may also play a role in adverse drug reactions in general and in contrast medium induced adverse reactions in particular.
480:), an unstable epoxide. 5-HETE can be further metabolized to 5-oxo-ETE and 5-oxo-15-hydroxy-ETE, all of which have pro-inflammatory actions similar but not identical to those of LTB
390:, chemokinesis of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), lysosomal enzyme release from human PMN and potentiation of bradykinin-induced plasma exudation, although compared to LTB
1552:
Samitas, Konstantinos; Chorianopoulos, Dimitrios; Vittorakis, Stelios; Zervas, Eleftherios; Economidou, Erasmia; Papatheodorou, George; Loukides, Stelios; Gaga, Mina (2009).
212:) was originally described between 1938 and 1940 by Feldberg and Kellaway. The researchers isolated SRS from lung tissue after a prolonged period following exposure to snake
3192:
2493:
602:
1438:"Leukotrienes promote plasma leakage and leukocyte adhesion in postcapillary venules: in vivo effects with relevance to the acute inflammatory response"
2486:
1593:
Böhm, Ingrid; Speck, Ulrich; Schild, Hans (2005). "A possible role for cysteinyl-leukotrienes in non-ionic contrast media induced adverse reactions".
3562:
661:
2039:
262:
209:
1780:
980:
636:
effect on migrating neutrophils, and as such help to bring the necessary cells to the tissue. Leukotrienes also have a powerful effect in
2736:
2726:
1736:
1721:
1707:
451:
166:) is to trigger contractions in the smooth muscles lining the bronchioles; their overproduction is a major cause of inflammation in
3530:
3036:
2973:
2800:
2721:
2002:
1436:
Dahlén, Sven-Erik; Björk, Jakob; Hedqvist, Per; Arfors, Karl-E.; Hammarström, Sven; Lindgren, Jan-Åke; Samuelsson, Bengt (1981).
3370:
2716:
2573:
606:
423:. The catalytic mechanism involves the insertion of an oxygen moiety at a specific position in the arachidonic acid backbone.
3288:
3260:
3131:
2786:
2731:
489:
466:
1401:
Manev, Radmila; Manev, Hari (2004). "5-Lipoxygenase as a
Putative Link Between Cardiovascular and Psychiatric Disorders".
3555:
3270:
3232:
2096:
800:
Loick, H.; Theissen, J. (1994). "Die
Eicosanoide als Mediatoren beim ARDS" [Eicosanoids as mediators in ARDS].
3093:
1276:
Terano, Takashi; Salmon, John A.; Moncada, Salvador (1984). "Biosynthesis and biological activity of leukotriene B5".
758:
493:
420:
130:
605:. Leukotrienes are involved in asthmatic and allergic reactions and act to sustain inflammatory reactions. Several
461:(5-LO) uses FLAP to convert arachidonic acid into 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE), which spontaneously
148:) in order to regulate immune responses. The production of leukotrienes is usually accompanied by the production of
3515:
598:
1554:"Exhaled cysteinyl-leukotrienes and 8-isoprostane in patients with asthma and their relation to clinical severity"
2697:
2554:
1773:
715:
3461:
3429:
3308:
1752:
500:
332:
3397:
3207:
2540:
2523:
870:
O'Byrne, Paul M.; Israel, Elliot; Drazen, Jeffrey M. (1997). "Antileukotrienes in the treatment of asthma".
523:
3451:
3387:
175:
40:
Note the four double bonds, three of them conjugated. This is a common property of A4, B4, C4, D4, and E4.
3250:
3174:
2529:
2461:
2255:
2153:
1908:
1700:
Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and lipoxins: biochemistry, mechanism of action, and clinical applications
996:
Scott JP, Peters-Golden M (September 2018). "Antileukotriene agents for the treatment of lung disease".
641:
123:
1630:"The release of histamine and formation of a slow-reacting substance (SRS-A) during anaphylactic shock"
621:. Recent research points to a role of 5-lipoxygenase in cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric illnesses.
3584:
3510:
3156:
2741:
2604:
2578:
1766:
1677:
1449:
835:
Salmon, John A; Higgs, Gerald A (1987). "Prostaglandins and leukotrienes as inflammatory mediators".
120:
3589:
3202:
2198:
637:
555:
446:. When such cells are activated, arachidonic acid is liberated from cell membrane phospholipids by
145:
141:
3345:
1172:
3325:
2515:
1467:
1210:
895:
707:
589:) are partly degraded in local tissues, and ultimately become inactive metabolites in the liver.
208:). What would be later named leukotriene C, "slow reaction smooth muscle-stimulating substance" (
3179:
2948:
2928:
2923:
2913:
2893:
2878:
2868:
2677:
2647:
2622:
972:
966:
3355:
3298:
2953:
2888:
2883:
2873:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2687:
2667:
2642:
2632:
2627:
2617:
2612:
2594:
914:
3594:
3212:
3164:
3136:
3026:
3021:
2938:
2908:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2672:
2662:
2657:
2652:
1732:
1717:
1703:
1659:
1610:
1575:
1534:
1485:
1418:
1383:
1334:
1293:
1251:
1202:
1155:
1111:
1062:
1013:
976:
962:
936:
887:
852:
817:
205:
3350:
3121:
2963:
2933:
2682:
3525:
3335:
3283:
3245:
3217:
3116:
3106:
3082:
2898:
2452:
2432:
2412:
2404:
2355:
2288:
2249:
2204:
1897:
1886:
1864:
1838:
1803:
1649:
1641:
1602:
1565:
1524:
1516:
1475:
1457:
1410:
1373:
1365:
1324:
1285:
1241:
1194:
1145:
1101:
1093:
1052:
1044:
1005:
926:
883:
879:
844:
809:
447:
426:
The lipoxygenase pathway is active in leukocytes and other immunocompetent cells, including
416:
363:
191:
178:
are used to treat these disorders by inhibiting the production or activity of leukotrienes.
116:
1877:
774:
653:
137:
1414:
1748:
1453:
1229:
3535:
3055:
3008:
3000:
2992:
2835:
2827:
2819:
2749:
2586:
2512:
2389:
2381:
2340:
2320:
2312:
2304:
2271:
2263:
2236:
2228:
2220:
2212:
2063:
2055:
2047:
2026:
2018:
1969:
1961:
1654:
1629:
1529:
1504:
1378:
1353:
1106:
1081:
1057:
1032:
848:
738:
470:
325:
314:
309:
243:
236:
229:
160:
88:
75:
61:
48:
34:
1480:
1437:
1246:
1198:
1134:"The Liberation of a Slow-Reacting Smooth Muscle-Stimulating Substance in Anaphylaxis"
931:
3578:
3505:
1822:
1289:
1150:
1133:
750:
343:
have shown some efficacy in slowing the progression of neutrophil-mediated diseases.
153:
1214:
1033:"Liberation of histamine and formation of lysocithin-like substances by cobra venom"
899:
407:
3340:
3126:
2478:
2363:
2296:
2282:
1929:
1645:
1097:
1082:"The formation of lysocithin and of a muscle-stimulating substance by snake venoms"
1048:
625:
458:
104:
1369:
366:
has been oxidized to an alpha-keto-acid (i.e.—the cysteine has been replaced by a
3520:
3169:
2958:
2903:
2181:
1952:
1606:
762:
726:
711:
665:
633:
614:
610:
535:
387:
286:
1570:
1553:
1009:
3477:
3414:
3151:
2943:
2918:
2445:
1813:
1789:
746:
435:
431:
101:
1329:
1312:
1159:
3330:
3255:
3146:
3111:
2374:
1520:
742:
427:
282:
149:
108:
84:
71:
57:
44:
30:
17:
1663:
1614:
1579:
1538:
1505:"Science commentary: What are leukotrienes and how do they work in asthma?"
1462:
1422:
1387:
1115:
1066:
1017:
940:
1489:
1338:
1297:
1255:
1206:
891:
856:
821:
813:
3482:
3446:
3360:
3293:
3184:
3141:
2848:
2637:
2333:
2136:
2128:
2120:
2112:
1138:
Quarterly
Journal of Experimental Physiology and Cognate Medical Sciences
754:
443:
439:
367:
258:
171:
1678:"Temple researchers reverse cognitive impairments in mice with dementia"
737:
Leukotrienes are found to play an important role in the later stages of
2172:
2165:
2161:
1311:
O'Flaherty, Joseph T.; Taylor, Jennifer S.; Thomas, Michael J. (1998).
702:
698:
669:
294:
3193:
3419:
3222:
3076:
1471:
719:
657:
618:
566:
562:
200:
167:
127:
511:, which is a powerful chemoattractant for neutrophils acting at BLT
2425:
2080:
779:
469:(5-HETE). The enzyme 5-LO acts again on 5-HETE to convert it into
462:
213:
112:
83:
70:
56:
43:
29:
802:
Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie
2482:
1762:
1354:"The eosinophil chemoattractant 5-oxo-ETE and the OXE receptor"
561:
The cysteinyl-leukotrienes act at their cell-surface receptors
546:
can be converted by ubiquitous enzymes to form successively LTD
1758:
1313:"Receptors for the 5-oxo class of eicosanoids in neutrophils"
757:, a drug that inhibits leukotriene formation by blocking the
1187:
261:
in their structure. The cysteinyl leukotrienes make up the
370:). Very little is known about this putative leukotriene.
140:
to convey information to either the cell producing them (
3037:
2974:
2801:
915:"Mediators of inflammation and the inflammatory process"
3198:
2787:
1228:
von
Schacky, C; Fahrer, C; Fischer, S (October 1990).
1185:
Crooks, S.W; Stockley, R.A (1998). "Leukotriene B4".
1080:
Feldberg, W.; Holden, H. F.; Kellaway, C. H. (1938).
688:
Infiltration of inflammatory cells in the airway wall
3371:
3271:
3233:
538:
to form the first of the cysteinyl-leukotrienes, LTC
3495:
3460:
3428:
3396:
3369:
3307:
3269:
3231:
3094:
3092:
3075:
3035:
2972:
2799:
2785:
2696:
2553:
2539:
2522:
2190:
2152:
2105:
2089:
2079:
2038:
2011:
1995:
1985:
1951:
1922:
1876:
1857:
1850:
1831:
1821:
1812:
1796:
710:. The levels of cysteinyl leukotrienes, along with
354:
There has also been postulated the existence of LTG
775:A chemical synthesis of Leukotriene A methyl ester
507:is converted to the dihydroxy acid leukotriene LTB
2698:
2555:
725:In excess, the cysteinyl leukotrienes can induce
519:receptors on the plasma membrane of these cells.
3462:
3430:
3309:
1716:(2nd ed.) Facts on File, New York, p. 167,
3398:
2541:
1442:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
706:disorders, thereby reducing the airflow to the
597:Leukotrienes act principally on a subfamily of
919:The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
624:Leukotrienes are very important agents in the
488:receptors but rather by the OXE receptor (see
415:Leukotrienes are synthesized in the cell from
411:Eicosanoid synthesis. (Leukotrienes at right.)
2494:
1774:
1712:Lipkowitz, Myron A. and Navarra, Tova (2001)
67:is a cysteinyl leukotriene, as are D4 and E4.
8:
714:, have been reported to be increased in the
156:, which also act as inflammatory mediators.
1352:Powell, William S.; Rokach, Joshua (2013).
603:peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
3531:5-HPETE (arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide)
3089:
2796:
2550:
2536:
2501:
2487:
2479:
2086:
1992:
1854:
1828:
1818:
1781:
1767:
1759:
1127:
1125:
961:Nelson, David L.; Cox, Michael M. (2008).
1751:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
1653:
1569:
1528:
1479:
1461:
1377:
1328:
1245:
1149:
1105:
1056:
930:
530:, such as mast cells and eosinophils, LTA
394:, it has at least 30 times less potency.
3045:Tooltip Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor E
2982:Tooltip Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2
2809:Tooltip Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1
1230:"Catabolism of leukotriene B5 in humans"
1132:Kellaway, C.H.; Trethewie, E.R. (1940).
503:, such as neutrophils and monocytes, LTA
406:
27:Class of inflammation mediator molecules
1731:Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht,
884:10.7326/0003-4819-127-6-199709150-00009
792:
662:aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
2792:Tooltip Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor
1031:Feldberg, W.; Kellaway, C. H. (1938).
263:slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis
257:due to the presence of the amino acid
7:
3380:Tooltip Leukotriene B4 ω-hydroxylase
3276:Tooltip Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase
3238:Tooltip Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase
1415:10.1615/CritRevNeurobiol.v16.i12.190
968:Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
3099:Tooltip Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
1317:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
971:(5th ed.). Macmillan. p.
577:and the cysteinyl-leukotrienes (LTC
190:, introduced by Swedish biochemist
849:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072183
534:is conjugated with the tripeptide
159:One of their roles (specifically,
25:
3511:γ-Linolenic acid (gamolenic acid)
3165:Meclofenamic acid (meclofenamate)
2706:Tooltip Leukotriene B4 receptor 2
2563:Tooltip Leukotriene B4 receptor 1
2097:Arachidonic acid 15-hydroperoxide
452:5-lipoxygenase-activating protein
204:(indicating the compound's three
3470:Tooltip Leukotriene D4 hydrolase
3439:Tooltip Leukotriene C4 hydrolase
3318:Tooltip Leukotriene A4 hydrolase
2003:Arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide
1403:Critical Reviews in Neurobiology
1151:10.1113/expphysiol.1940.sp000825
745:in studies with animals. In tau
697:Cysteinyl leukotriene receptors
607:leukotriene receptor antagonists
3563:Prostanoid signaling modulators
3407:Tooltip Leukotriene C4 synthase
2546:Tooltip Leukotriene B4 receptor
1726:Samuelsson, Bengt (ed.) (2001)
652:Leukotrienes contribute to the
1646:10.1113/jphysiol.1960.sp006449
1098:10.1113/jphysiol.1938.sp003676
1049:10.1113/jphysiol.1938.sp003674
693:Role of cysteinyl leukotrienes
660:, especially in patients with
490:5-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
467:5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
194:in 1979, comes from the words
1:
3556:Receptor/signaling modulators
1714:The Encyclopedia of Allergies
1595:European Journal of Radiology
1370:10.1016/j.plipres.2013.09.001
1247:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)42326-0
1199:10.1016/S1357-2725(97)00123-4
998:Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med
932:10.1016/S0091-6749(99)70215-0
1628:Brocklehurst, W. E. (1960).
1290:10.1016/0090-6980(84)90075-3
679:Increased secretion of mucus
1934:(Prostacyclin/Epoprostenol)
1607:10.1016/j.ejrad.2005.01.007
872:Annals of Internal Medicine
599:G protein-coupled receptors
494:5-Oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid
421:arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
386:induces aggregation of rat
131:arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
3611:
1571:10.1016/j.rmed.2008.11.009
1358:Progress in Lipid Research
1010:10.1164/rccm.201301-0023PP
628:response. Some such as LTB
601:. They may also act upon
454:(FLAP) to 5-lipoxygenase.
307:
3547:
1698:Bailey, J. Martyn (1985)
1634:The Journal of Physiology
1234:Journal of Lipid Research
1086:The Journal of Physiology
1037:The Journal of Physiology
1753:Medical Subject Headings
1702:Plenum Press, New York,
1330:10.1074/jbc.273.49.32535
837:British Medical Bulletin
733:Leukotrienes in dementia
297:residue of glutathione.
273:, is a metabolite of LTC
144:) or neighboring cells (
3516:Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid
1521:10.1136/bmj.319.7202.90
761:" was found to reverse
542:. Outside the cell, LTC
499:In cells equipped with
484:and mediated not by LTB
362:in which the cysteinyl
206:conjugated double bonds
176:Leukotriene antagonists
1463:10.1073/pnas.78.6.3887
1175:checked April 24, 2012
913:White, Martha (1999).
648:Leukotrienes in asthma
522:In cells that express
412:
255:cysteinyl leukotrienes
225:Cysteinyl leukotrienes
105:inflammatory mediators
94:
81:
68:
54:
41:
3452:Serine-borate complex
2618:CGS-23131 (LY-223982)
814:10.1055/s-2007-996677
759:5-lipoxygenase enzyme
664:(AERD), and cause or
642:vascular permeability
450:, and donated by the
410:
358:, a metabolite of LTE
124:eicosapentaenoic acid
87:
74:
60:
47:
33:
3388:17-Octadecynoic acid
3158:Hypericum perforatum
1558:Respiratory Medicine
782:(14,15-leukotrienes)
749:mice, which develop
741:disease and related
682:Mucosal accumulation
121:essential fatty acid
3483:Ubenimex (bestatin)
3361:Ubenimex (bestatin)
2199:bronchoconstriction
1503:Berger, A. (1999).
1454:1981PNAS...78.3887D
925:(3 Pt 2): S378-81.
685:Bronchoconstriction
676:Airflow obstruction
638:bronchoconstriction
556:biological activity
146:paracrine signaling
142:autocrine signaling
3251:3-Methoxytropolone
3175:N-Stearoyldopamine
727:anaphylactic shock
617:are used to treat
413:
281:, which lacks the
95:
82:
69:
55:
42:
3572:
3571:
3491:
3490:
3160:(St. John's Wort)
3086:
3071:
3070:
3067:
3066:
2781:
2780:
2533:
2476:
2475:
2148:
2147:
2075:
2074:
1981:
1980:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1240:(10): 1831–1838.
982:978-0-7167-7108-1
718:of patients with
277:, but, unlike LTD
253:are often called
136:Leukotrienes use
16:(Redirected from
3602:
3526:Arachidonic acid
3471:
3467:
3440:
3436:
3408:
3404:
3381:
3377:
3319:
3315:
3277:
3273:
3239:
3235:
3199:
3195:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3080:
3046:
3042:
2983:
2979:
2810:
2806:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2707:
2703:
2564:
2560:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2527:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2480:
2250:vasoconstriction
2087:
1993:
1855:
1829:
1819:
1804:Arachidonic acid
1783:
1776:
1769:
1760:
1686:
1685:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1657:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1573:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1532:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1483:
1465:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1381:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1332:
1323:(49): 32535–41.
1308:
1302:
1301:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1249:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1153:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1109:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1060:
1028:
1022:
1021:
993:
987:
986:
958:
952:
951:
949:
947:
934:
910:
904:
903:
867:
861:
860:
832:
826:
825:
797:
448:phospholipase A2
417:arachidonic acid
192:Bengt Samuelsson
182:History and name
117:arachidonic acid
100:are a family of
21:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3543:
3539:
3487:
3469:
3466:
3456:
3438:
3434:
3424:
3406:
3402:
3392:
3379:
3375:
3365:
3317:
3313:
3303:
3275:
3265:
3237:
3227:
3197:
3098:
3079:
3063:
3059:
3044:
3041:
3031:
3012:
3004:
2996:
2981:
2978:
2968:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2808:
2805:
2791:
2777:
2753:
2745:
2705:
2702:
2692:
2608:
2590:
2582:
2562:
2559:
2545:
2526:
2518:
2507:
2477:
2472:
2465:
2456:
2436:
2416:
2408:
2393:
2385:
2367:
2359:
2344:
2324:
2316:
2308:
2300:
2292:
2275:
2267:
2259:
2240:
2232:
2224:
2216:
2208:
2186:
2176:
2169:
2144:
2140:
2132:
2124:
2116:
2101:
2071:
2067:
2059:
2051:
2034:
2030:
2022:
2007:
1977:
1973:
1965:
1939:
1933:
1918:
1912:
1901:
1890:
1872:
1868:
1846:
1842:
1808:
1792:
1787:
1745:
1695:
1693:Further reading
1690:
1689:
1684:. June 8, 2018.
1676:
1675:
1671:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1131:
1130:
1123:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1030:
1029:
1025:
995:
994:
990:
983:
960:
959:
955:
945:
943:
912:
911:
907:
869:
868:
864:
834:
833:
829:
799:
798:
794:
789:
771:
735:
695:
654:pathophysiology
650:
631:
595:
588:
584:
580:
576:
554:, which retain
553:
549:
545:
541:
533:
527:
518:
514:
510:
506:
487:
483:
479:
474:
405:
400:
393:
385:
379:
377:
361:
357:
352:
350:
342:
336:
329:
320:is synthesized
318:
312:
306:
304:
292:
280:
276:
272:
268:
252:
247:
240:
233:
227:
222:
216:and histamine.
184:
164:
138:lipid signaling
92:
79:
65:
52:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3608:
3606:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3577:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3521:Diacylglycerol
3518:
3513:
3508:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3474:
3472:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3432:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3411:
3409:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3384:
3382:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3322:
3320:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3242:
3240:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3103:
3101:
3087:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3049:
3047:
3039:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2986:
2984:
2976:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2813:
2811:
2803:
2794:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2742:20-Hydroxy-LTB
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2710:
2708:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2605:20-Carboxy-LTB
2598:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2579:20-Hydroxy-LTB
2576:
2567:
2565:
2557:
2548:
2534:
2520:
2519:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2483:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2459:
2458:(Dinoprostone)
2454:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2167:
2158:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2093:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1999:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1956:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1893:
1891:(Dinoprostone)
1888:
1883:
1881:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1859:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1833:
1826:
1823:Prostaglandins
1816:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1744:
1743:External links
1741:
1740:
1739:
1724:
1710:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1669:
1620:
1585:
1544:
1495:
1448:(6): 3887–91.
1428:
1409:(1–2): 181–6.
1393:
1344:
1303:
1278:Prostaglandins
1268:
1220:
1177:
1165:
1144:(2): 121–145.
1121:
1072:
1043:(2): 187–226.
1023:
1004:(5): 538–544.
988:
981:
963:"Leukotrienes"
953:
905:
862:
827:
791:
790:
788:
785:
784:
783:
777:
770:
767:
734:
731:
694:
691:
690:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
668:the following
649:
646:
629:
594:
591:
586:
582:
578:
574:
551:
547:
543:
539:
531:
525:
516:
512:
508:
504:
485:
481:
477:
472:
404:
401:
399:
396:
391:
383:
378:
375:
372:
359:
355:
351:
348:
345:
340:
334:
331:by the enzyme
327:
316:
310:Leukotriene B4
308:Main article:
305:
302:
299:
290:
278:
274:
270:
266:
250:
245:
238:
231:
226:
223:
221:
218:
183:
180:
162:
154:prostaglandins
90:
77:
63:
50:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3607:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3540:
3536:Leukotriene A
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3506:Linoleic acid
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3494:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3468:
3459:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3437:
3427:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3405:
3395:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3378:
3368:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3316:
3306:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3274:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3097:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3078:
3074:
3060:
3056:Leukotriene E
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3043:
3034:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3009:Leukotriene E
3007:
3005:
3001:Leukotriene D
2999:
2997:
2993:Leukotriene C
2991:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2980:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2836:Leukotriene E
2834:
2832:
2828:Leukotriene D
2826:
2824:
2820:Leukotriene C
2818:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2807:
2798:
2795:
2790:
2784:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2750:Leukotriene B
2748:
2746:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2704:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2587:Leukotriene B
2585:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2561:
2552:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2504:
2499:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2466:
2460:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2319:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2295:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2270:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2219:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2141:
2135:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1974:
1968:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1935:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1902:(Alprostadil)
1896:
1895:
1892:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1772:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1737:1-4020-0146-0
1734:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1722:0-8160-4404-X
1719:
1715:
1711:
1709:
1708:0-306-41980-7
1705:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1640:(3): 416–35.
1639:
1635:
1631:
1624:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1589:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1548:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1499:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1432:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1397:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1364:(4): 651–65.
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1284:(2): 217–32.
1283:
1279:
1272:
1269:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1224:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1092:(2): 232–48.
1091:
1087:
1083:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1027:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
992:
989:
984:
978:
974:
970:
969:
964:
957:
954:
942:
938:
933:
928:
924:
920:
916:
909:
906:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
878:(6): 472–80.
877:
873:
866:
863:
858:
854:
850:
846:
843:(2): 285–96.
842:
838:
831:
828:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
804:(in German).
803:
796:
793:
786:
781:
778:
776:
773:
772:
768:
766:
764:
760:
756:
752:
751:tau pathology
748:
744:
740:
732:
730:
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
712:8-isoprostane
709:
704:
700:
692:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
674:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
647:
645:
643:
640:and increase
639:
635:
627:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
592:
590:
571:
568:
564:
559:
557:
537:
529:
520:
502:
501:LTA hydrolase
497:
495:
491:
475:
471:leukotriene A
468:
464:
460:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
409:
402:
397:
395:
389:
373:
371:
369:
365:
346:
344:
338:
330:
323:
319:
311:
300:
298:
296:
288:
284:
264:
260:
256:
248:
241:
234:
224:
219:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
189:
181:
179:
177:
173:
170:and allergic
169:
165:
161:leukotriene D
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
134:
132:
129:
126:(EPA) by the
125:
122:
119:(AA) and the
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
99:
93:
86:
80:
73:
66:
59:
53:
46:
39:
32:
19:
3561:
3554:
3502:
3346:JNJ-26993135
3341:Fosinoprilat
3191:
3157:
3127:Caffeic acid
3052:
3019:Antagonists:
3018:
2989:
2846:Antagonists:
2845:
2816:
2760:Antagonists:
2759:
2713:
2602:Antagonists:
2601:
2570:
2509:
2448:stimulation:
2444:
2428:stimulation:
2424:
2399:
2373:
2350:
2332:
2283:vasodilation
2281:
2248:
2197:
1987:Leukotrienes
1986:
1953:Thromboxanes
1749:Leukotrienes
1727:
1713:
1699:
1681:
1672:
1637:
1633:
1623:
1601:(3): 431–6.
1598:
1594:
1588:
1564:(5): 750–6.
1561:
1557:
1547:
1515:(7202): 90.
1512:
1508:
1498:
1445:
1441:
1431:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1320:
1316:
1306:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1259:. Retrieved
1237:
1233:
1223:
1193:(2): 173–8.
1190:
1186:
1180:
1168:
1141:
1137:
1089:
1085:
1075:
1040:
1036:
1026:
1001:
997:
991:
967:
956:
944:. Retrieved
922:
918:
908:
875:
871:
865:
840:
836:
830:
805:
801:
795:
736:
724:
696:
651:
626:inflammatory
623:
596:
572:
560:
521:
498:
459:Lipoxygenase
456:
425:
414:
398:Biochemistry
380:
353:
321:
313:
265:(SRS-A). LTF
254:
228:
199:
195:
187:
185:
158:
135:
107:produced in
98:Leukotrienes
97:
96:
18:Leukotrienes
3585:Eicosanoids
3503:Precursors:
3326:Acebilustat
3200:inhibitors:
3170:Minocycline
2959:Zafirlukast
2904:Montelukast
2510:Leukotriene
2467:(Dinoprost)
2191:By function
2182:Virodhamine
1913:(Dinoprost)
1814:Prostanoids
1790:Eicosanoids
1682:Eurekalart!
763:memory loss
739:Alzheimer's
634:chemotactic
615:zafirlukast
611:montelukast
536:glutathione
436:neutrophils
432:eosinophils
388:neutrophils
287:glutathione
285:residue of
188:leukotriene
3590:Immunology
3579:Categories
3478:Cilastatin
3415:Azelastine
3180:Timegadine
3152:Hyperforin
3083:inhibitors
2949:Tomelukast
2944:Tipelukast
2929:SKF-104353
2924:Ritolukast
2919:Pranlukast
2914:Pobilukast
2894:Masilukast
2879:ICI-198615
2869:Cinalukast
2678:Ticolubant
2648:Moxilubant
2623:CGS-25019C
2516:modulators
2375:leukocytes
2154:Nonclassic
1261:16 January
808:(1): 3–9.
787:References
747:transgenic
666:potentiate
428:mast cells
293:lacks the
269:, like LTD
109:leukocytes
102:eicosanoid
3356:SC-57461A
3331:Captopril
3299:PD-146176
3256:Baicalein
3147:Fenleuton
3112:Baicalein
3053:Agonists:
2990:Agonists:
2954:Verlukast
2889:LY-170680
2884:Iralukast
2874:FPL-55712
2817:Agonists:
2773:ZK-158252
2768:LY-255283
2763:CP-195543
2714:Agonists:
2688:ZK-158252
2668:SB-209247
2643:LY-293111
2633:CP-195543
2628:CP-105696
2613:Amelubant
2595:LY-255283
2571:Agonists:
2513:signaling
2334:platelets
2090:Precursor
1996:Precursor
1832:Precursor
1797:Precursor
1160:1469-445X
743:dementias
444:basophils
440:monocytes
403:Synthesis
337:hydrolase
196:leukocyte
186:The name
150:histamine
113:oxidation
3595:Polyenes
3551:See also
3447:Acivicin
3294:Luteolin
3213:BAYx1005
3185:Zileuton
3142:Curcumin
3137:CJ-13610
3027:BAYu9916
3022:BAYu9773
2939:Sulukast
2909:ONO-1078
2864:BAYx7195
2859:BAYu9916
2854:BAYu9773
2849:Ablukast
2737:15-HpETE
2727:12-HpETE
2673:SC-53228
2663:RP-69698
2658:RG-14893
2653:ONO-4057
2638:Etalocib
2524:Receptor
2377:: induce
2336:: induce
2162:Lipoxins
1664:13804592
1615:16129253
1580:19110408
1539:10398630
1423:15581413
1388:24056189
1215:45983006
1173:internet
1116:16995040
1067:16995038
1018:23822826
941:10069896
900:21480605
769:See also
755:zileuton
670:symptoms
609:such as
593:Function
573:Both LTB
528:synthase
368:pyruvate
283:glutamic
259:cysteine
172:rhinitis
3351:SA-6541
3122:BW-B70C
2964:ZD-3523
2934:SR-2640
2732:15-HETE
2717:12-HETE
2683:U-75302
2574:12-HETE
2530:ligands
2400:inhibit
2351:inhibit
2012:Initial
1655:1363273
1530:1116241
1490:6267608
1450:Bibcode
1379:5710732
1339:9829988
1298:6326200
1256:1964169
1207:9608670
1107:1393612
1058:1393616
892:9313005
857:2825898
822:8142566
708:alveoli
703:CYSLTR2
699:CYSLTR1
632:have a
550:and LTE
515:and BLT
463:reduces
322:in vivo
295:glycine
249:and LTF
111:by the
3496:Others
3420:MK-886
3336:DG-051
3284:2-TEDC
3272:15-LOX
3246:2-TEDC
3234:12-LOX
3223:MK-886
3218:MK-591
3208:AM-679
3203:AM-103
3117:BW-A4C
3107:2-TEDC
3077:Enzyme
2899:MK-571
2722:12-HHT
2164:(LX) (
2106:Eoxins
2081:Eoxins
1851:Active
1755:(MeSH)
1735:
1720:
1706:
1662:
1652:
1613:
1578:
1537:
1527:
1488:
1481:319678
1478:
1470:
1421:
1386:
1376:
1337:
1296:
1254:
1213:
1205:
1158:
1114:
1104:
1065:
1055:
1016:
979:
946:8 June
939:
898:
890:
855:
820:
780:Eoxins
720:asthma
658:asthma
619:asthma
567:CysLT2
563:CysLT1
442:, and
364:moiety
201:triene
168:asthma
128:enzyme
3095:5-LOX
3038:CysLT
2975:CysLT
2802:CysLT
2788:CysLT
2446:labor
2426:fever
2040:SRS-A
1472:10943
1468:JSTOR
1211:S2CID
896:S2CID
585:, LTE
581:, LTD
324:from
289:, LTF
220:Types
214:venom
3194:FLAP
2083:(EX)
1989:(LT)
1955:(TX)
1825:(PG)
1733:ISBN
1729:2000
1718:ISBN
1704:ISBN
1660:PMID
1611:PMID
1576:PMID
1535:PMID
1486:PMID
1419:PMID
1384:PMID
1335:PMID
1294:PMID
1263:2023
1252:PMID
1203:PMID
1156:ISSN
1112:PMID
1063:PMID
1014:PMID
977:ISBN
948:2019
937:PMID
888:PMID
853:PMID
818:PMID
701:and
613:and
565:and
492:and
476:(LTA
198:and
152:and
3463:LTD
3431:LTC
3399:LTC
3372:LTB
3310:LTA
3289:CDC
3261:CDC
3132:CDC
2699:BLT
2556:BLT
2542:BLT
2462:PGF
2453:PGE
2433:PGE
2413:PGE
2405:PGD
2390:LTB
2382:TXA
2364:PGI
2356:PGD
2341:TXA
2321:LTE
2313:LTD
2305:LTC
2297:PGI
2289:PGE
2272:TXB
2264:TXA
2256:PGF
2237:LTE
2229:LTD
2221:LTC
2213:TXA
2205:PGD
1858:D/J
1650:PMC
1642:doi
1638:151
1603:doi
1566:doi
1562:103
1525:PMC
1517:doi
1513:319
1509:BMJ
1476:PMC
1458:doi
1411:doi
1374:PMC
1366:doi
1325:doi
1321:273
1286:doi
1242:doi
1195:doi
1146:doi
1102:PMC
1094:doi
1053:PMC
1045:doi
1006:doi
1002:188
973:359
927:doi
923:103
880:doi
876:127
845:doi
810:doi
753:, "
716:EBC
656:of
524:LTC
496:).
465:to
419:by
382:LTB
374:LTB
347:LTG
333:LTA
326:LTA
315:LTB
301:LTB
244:LTE
237:LTD
230:LTC
210:SRS
115:of
89:LTE
76:LTD
62:LTC
49:LTB
35:LTA
3581::
2464:2α
2258:2α
2171:,
1911:2α
1880:/F
1680:.
1658:.
1648:.
1636:.
1632:.
1609:.
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1597:.
1574:.
1560:.
1556:.
1533:.
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1319:.
1315:.
1292:.
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1236:.
1232:.
1209:.
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1191:30
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1140:.
1136:.
1124:^
1110:.
1100:.
1090:94
1088:.
1084:.
1061:.
1051:.
1041:94
1039:.
1035:.
1012:.
1000:.
975:.
965:.
935:.
921:.
917:.
894:.
886:.
874:.
851:.
841:43
839:.
816:.
806:29
765:.
729:.
672::
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457:5-
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430:,
242:,
235:,
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133:.
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3465:4
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3433:4
3403:S
3401:4
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3312:4
3085:)
3081:(
3058:4
3040:E
3011:4
3003:4
2995:4
2977:2
2838:4
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2528:(
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2168:4
2166:A
2139:4
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2129:D
2123:4
2121:C
2115:4
2113:A
2066:4
2064:E
2058:4
2056:D
2050:4
2048:C
2029:4
2027:B
2021:4
2019:A
1972:2
1970:B
1964:2
1962:A
1936::
1932:2
1930:I
1923:I
1915::
1909:F
1900:1
1898:E
1889:2
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