Lifeguard - Knowledge (XXG)

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consisting of three sections; first aid, lifeguarding situations and pool specifics). The qualification is valid for two years from the date of assessment. A minimum of 20 hours training must be logged in those two years for the individual to be eligible to submit for a renewal examination. The employer of the lifeguard should provide training every month in lifeguard skills and resuscitation training to help it comply with HSE guidelines. Additional units which all full Pool Lifeguards are assessed vigorously and which all Leisure facilities must have (public and private) is the use of spinal boards, a specialist piece of rescue equipment designed for immobilizing a casualty suspected of suffering a

629: 1561:, the lifeguard service is coordinated by the Portuguese Lifeguard Institute (ISN). Under the technical tutelage of the ISN, several organizations provide lifeguard services in the Portuguese maritime and river beaches. The entities that have a concession to explore a beach are obliged to contract a lifeguard service to be provided in the respective concession area. In the cases of beaches that are not under concession, the contracting and providing of lifeguard services is usually done by the local municipalities. The ISN is responsible for the establishment of standards for the training, equipment and uniforms of the lifeguards. 480: 691: 1120: 1698:, there are three awarding bodies for Lifeguard qualifications, Highfield Awarding Body for Compliance (HABC), the Swimming Teachers Association, and the Royal Life Saving Society UK (RLSS). The organisations' qualifications are STA Level 2 Award for Pool Lifeguard / STA Professional Award for Pool Lifeguard (title in Scotland,) the HABC Level 2 Award in Pool lifeguarding (QCF) and the National Pool Lifeguard Qualification respectively. The National Pool Lifeguard Qualification is administered by the Institute of Qualified Lifeguards (IQL) on behalf of the RLSS. 1237:, the training of the lifeguards is organised by that province. Beach lifeguards in Belgium are trained by the WOBRA and are mostly students who are employed for a month during the summer holidays (July and August). Some municipalities also employ lifeguards in June and September. To obtain uniformity, all municipalities from the Belgian coast joined the IKWV This is the coordinating organisation for all the municipalities for lifeguard service. The organisation of IKWV has made the Belgian coastline one of the safest coastlines of the world in a couple decades. 1358:. Also the Fire Departments will maintain lifeguard services at rivers, coasts and lakes. In Germany, anyone who wants to be a ILS Pool Lifeguard equivalent requires the following certification: 'Rettungsschwimmer Silber' (DRSA Silber) In order to attain this, they have to demonstrate various practical and theoretical skills, e.g. 25m distance diving, three deep dives to 3-5m depth retrieving 5kg brick, 300m swimming in clothing in 12 minutes, rescue exercises, and various other skills. The training is considered more demanding than in many other countries. 29: 1807:. There are also commercial entities that provide similar services, ranging from marina staff to workboat providers. Typically in the UK voluntary groups of this type are either local to that particular stretch of water or provide a service across the country. As of recently, the Royal Life Saving Society has offered an Open Water Lifeguard qualification which specialises in still, non-tidal waters. This acts as an entirely separate qualification or can be done as an additional module in National Pool Lifeguard Qualifications (NPLQs). 721: 699: 792: 762: 415:

beach facility may practice beachfront saves and search-and-rescue scenarios, where an indoor pool facility whose lifeguards are responsible for the whole building may practice scenarios that simulate emergencies in different parts of the building. These in-service trainings are meant to serve as practice in order to maintain and develop skills taught during the certification process. Examples of these trainings include First Aid/CPR/AED skill review and Aquatic Emergency Action Plan Drills.

528: 822: 1163: 384: – A common rescue, when a victim is facing the rescuer, is to straighten the arms and push the victim to the side of the pool. The space the straightened arms give between the rescuer and the victim will prevent a victim from latching on to the rescuer. When approaching an active drowning victim from the rear, a common save is to perform a 'hooking' maneuver, where rescuers hook their arms under the victim's arm pits and begin extraction. 807: 250: 1442: 1828: 1586: 265:

25–30 hours and will generally be held over a few days, with the hours per day varying depending on the number of days needed. At the end of the certification class, lifeguards are required to take a final exam, and will only receive a certificate if they pass the final exam. Lifeguards are then required to do additional training throughout the duration of their certification at the discretion of the facility they work for.

747: 571:– Lifeguards are commonly associated with beaches on the seashore, and this is often considered the most challenging environment to lifeguard due to the influence of external factors such as weather, currents, tides and waves. Lifeguards have to be in peak physical condition in order to accommodate these conditions. Lifeguards are required to complete additional training to be able to service ocean beach areas. 1197:. Lifeguards are paid employees who patrol beaches, lakes and pools/aquatic venues. Beach lifeguards are usually employed by local government authorities and patrol the beach throughout the year. Surf Lifesavers are a large voluntary organization that patrol beaches on weekends and public holidays during the warmer months (usually from mid-September to late April) and also perform public training of kids, the 1537: 777: 135:' in which each link can lead directly to an incident, or contribute to a succession of links. It consists of lack of education about water safety or local conditions, a lack of safety advice (for example, about rip currents at a beach) a lack of protection (like no flotation device for a weak swimmer), lack of safety supervision, or an inability to cope with conditions (strong surf with a weak swimmer). 891: 116: 1894: 1726: 1714:

the lifeguards. TAs and tutors also assess qualification renewals but RLSS TAs and STA tutors are unable to assess any lifeguard who works in the same place the TA or tutors hold training sessions. Also they are unable to assess any lifeguard they have trained. Highfield (HABC) T/As are able to assess lifeguards from the same centre as long as they have had no involvement with the training.

1323: 642: 139: 1030: – Best used in calmer water, wood paddle boats are used to patrol swimmers and for quick entry into the water when a drowning is happening at further distance. These are maneuvered and propelled by human power, so they require a lot of practice. Each boat has a larger wooden bench that allows lifeguards to perform CPR while heading back to shore, if needed. 1007: 41: 3516: 839: 361: – lifeguards must learn how to legally care for guests and/or guests in distress, otherwise they may be a liability. The certification process and further trainings will instruct lifeguards on the legal facets of lifeguarding: duty to care, standard of care, negligence, consent, refusal of care, abandonment, confidentiality, and documentation. 854: 192: 1774: 1681:. The Red Cross Society was founded around 1949. NWLSA joined the International Life Saving Federation in 1994. National Chinese Surf Lifesaving Association, founded in 1993 and joined ILS as associated member in 1997, is the first and only organization that focus on training surf lifesaver and open-water lifeguard in Taiwan. 661:

Other options, depending on the location, can include patrolling the edge of the water on foot, which allows closer interaction with the public, and the opportunity to provide face to face reassurance and advice, or supervising from within or on the water, which is most applicable in open water (such

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While performing patron surveillance (usually from an elevated stand or a water-level standing or sitting position) lifeguards watch for and recognize struggling or drowning swimmers, and swimmers with sudden medical conditions such as a stroke, heart attack, asthma, diabetes, or seizures. Lifeguards

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A lifeguard is responsible for the safety of people in an area of water, and usually a defined area immediately surrounding or adjacent to it, such as a beach next to an ocean or lake. The priority is to ensure no harm comes to users of the area for which they are responsible. Lifeguards often take

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Many people are also unaware that a swimmer who has struggled in the water and later appears to be fine, may have had water enter into their lungs. People can drown from this even hours after they have left the aquatic facility. This is referred to as "dry drowning." It is advised that a patron seek

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Continuous training is necessary to maintain lifeguarding skills and knowledge. Formal competitions have developed as a way to encourage training, and also as a social activity. In Australia, the annual Surf Lifesaving competition at Kurrawa Beach on the Gold Coast is the largest athletic event in

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Inland water sites such as lakes, rivers and estuaries – typically where there is a specific need, such as sports competitions or public events. There are a few examples of organisations that provide such services; some operating on a voluntary basis such as Colwick Park Lifeguards, relying heavily

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HABC/RLSS qualifications are trained by TAs (Trainer/Assessors) and STA qualifications are trained by tutors. These are experienced lifeguards or lifesavers who have undergone additional training to train and assess. Many leisure centres have their own TAs or tutors who operate in-house training for

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There is a hierarchy of rescue techniques which minimizes danger to lifeguards and maximizes the effectiveness of a rescue, and this dictates the types of rescue aids that a lifeguard should have available. Lifeguards are supposed to have some equipment to aid rescues. After determining a swimmer is

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The chair or tower can also act as storage for the lifeguard, holding important rescue and communication equipment nearby. It can also act as a recognizable point for the public to find lifeguard assistance. For this reason, it is often marked with a flag or flags to enable location by the public.

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Most skills taught in various lifeguard certification classes are similar or the same, but some skills may vary minorly based on the certification company. Additionally, different in-water skills will be taught depending on the facility certifying the lifeguard, i.e., shallow/deep water pools, water

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has a special branch called OPSA (Polyvalent Water Rescue Operators) that has some lifeguards duties in some parts of Italy. Lifeguards in Italy are not organised in a unique service: every venue has its own Lifeguards, depending on licenses, danger and requests. Public beaches are not patrolled by

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Lifeguards have a primary duty to supervise their responsibility area. To achieve this the lifeguard needs an optimum position to observe the public. This is often best achieved from an elevated position, which can be a chair, platform or the roof of a vehicle. This allows them maximum visibility

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Every lifeguard has to undergo a certification course in order to be able to work as a lifeguard. Certain certification companies, such as the Red Cross or Ellis and Associates, are in charge of the certification process. Certification usually lasts for 1–2 years, but can last up to 5. Classes last

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All three qualifications are recognised professionally within the United Kingdom and enable the holder to work as a Professional Pool Lifeguard satisfying all Health and Safety Executive (HSE) regulations. For Public Swimming sessions a full lifeguard qualification is recommended by the HSE in the

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and St Michaels beaches have voluntary lifeguard clubs. These clubs recruit new members into the Lifeguard niche by way of their nipper and Junior Lifesaving Award programs. A cost-effective way of obtaining the LA certification would be to join a club and do the course, at a reduced rate, through

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The KNBRD or Reddingsbrigade is the Dutch lifeguard association. The Netherlands has more than 200 units on the Dutch beaches, and over 5000 active volunteers. The lifeguards secure the Dutch coastline and also many cities that have a lot of swimming water, like lakes. They also provide training.

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Additionally, some certification companies outside of the facility may audit or examine lifeguards during their rotations. These visits are meant to serve as both a test of preparedness and also as a learning experience and a chance to improve on weaker skills. Visits are generally unannounced and

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Many aquatic facilities will have their lifeguards undergo additional Lifeguard Training Classes for the duration of their certification. The nature and frequency of these additional training depends on the aquatic facility and the certification company the aquatic facility follows. For example, a

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In an active emergency, lifeguards are required to act, and to ask permission to give care in any situation. Ill or injured people can grant their informed consent for care. Someone who is unresponsive, confused or seriously injured or ill (such as in a nonfatal drowning) may not be able to grant

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are certified through Lifesaving South Africa, a regulatory body. All Lifesaving Award (LA) trainees are thoroughly trained in surf rescue with pool and open water training being incorporated into the LA course. Once a year, Lifesaving SA holds an annual retest for all LA certified Lifeguards. If

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Some lifeguard teams use portable platforms or chairs which can be moved to the most appropriate position. This can take account of changes such as a specific activity taking place, prevailing wind direction or simply enable lifeguards to move closer to the water if the tide goes out on a beach.

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The lifeguard is able to provide all these elements to help prevent drownings (or other incidents) in their area of responsibility, and for this reason this should be the primary focus of a lifeguard's activities, as it is better to stop an incident from occurring rather than reacting once it has

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Beaches in South Africa are contracted out to independent or private companies. These companies submit tenders, on an annual basis, to local municipalities/government. Lifeguards who are not permanently employed by a company often find work during the holiday periods as Temp Lifeguards on main

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A full Pool Lifeguard course lasts a minimum of 36 hours and ends with external examiners testing the individuals both on land and in the water and includes an examination paper (verbal in Generation 8 NPLQ, however this has been replaced with multiple choice questions in the new Generation 9,

1496:. The Italian Swimming Federation's diploma is recognized abroad by the country affiliated to ILS whilst the National Lifesaving Society is active member and internationally recognized by the International Maritime Rescue Federation. Differences exist between pool, lakes and sea diplomas. Also 501:

are taking in water while attempting to stay at the surface. Common signs lifeguards look for include looking for arms moving or flapping laterally (in an effort to press down on the water and leverage the head above the water's surface), not necessarily flailing, with the body vertical, no

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with tens of thousands of lifeguards competing. Lifeguard competitions include both physical events and technical (medical) events. Technical events are challenging accident simulations in which guards are evaluated on their adherence to treatment standards. These events are a subject of

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Common equipment used by lifeguards in rescue situations are: Rigid torpedo buoys, soft torpedo buoys, rescue craft (malibu boards), paddle skis, box line, throw line and spinal boards. Common equipment used by Lifeguards in first aid situations are: Saline solution, bandages, antiseptics,

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which qualifies them as a volunteer Surf Lifeguards. Volunteers patrol New Zealand's beaches on weekends over the summer months from Labour Day to around Easter. Paid Lifeguards patrol beaches during the week over the busiest summer months. They also come under the control of SLSNZ.

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has a coastline with a length of 68 kilometres (42 mi). The coast is urbanised over practically its entire length and is visited by thousands of tourists each year. In 1982 a lifeguard service has been built up to minimize the death by drowning at the Belgian coast. Because the

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Most lifeguard certification companies require potential lifeguards to demonstrate strong swimming skills prior to the certification process. These prerequisites will usually include a mid-distance swim, a timed water tread, and diving for a weighted brick at the bottom of the pool.

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More often than not a whistle is used in the pool leisure facility (public and private), the following signals are used by some lifeguards with a whistle (It is always important to remember that each facility may have their own standards and procedures for their whistle protocol).

585:– Swimming pools of various sizes are oftentimes monitored by lifeguards, however some pools may not require monitoring as due to the size of the pool, or the patron attendance being too low. A sign indicating that "Lifeguard not on duty" will be present in this case. 1505:

calls on duty freelance lifeguards during summer or particular events, when public funds can afford the costs. In some beaches, where there hotels or other structures have licenses, there is the obligation to have lifeguards, that are paid by the structure itself.

1249:, firefighting services, accident assistance, and the rescue of people drowning on beaches, rivers, and lakes are maintained by each state's fire department. The rescue of drowning people in private places is the responsibility of the owner of the place. Like the 1960:

controversy amongst some lifeguards due to their subjectivity. Purely physical competitions have recently become more popular, often including various combinations of running, swimming, paddle boarding, and surf skiing. Most lifeguard competitions include an

1577:(SLSS) which is responsible for administering lifesaving awards. Lifeguards have to earn their Lifesaving 1, 2 and 3 awards before they are allowed to move on to Bronze Medallion which is the minimum requirement for employment in most Singapore pools. 396: – A rescue that assumes a victim has a head, neck, or spinal injury and uses more appropriate measures to ensure that no unnecessary movement creates further harm to the victim. There are variations for both shallow and deep water. 1386:. They have 5000+ rescues on record since starting operations in 2008. The lifeguards are trained by Special Rescue Training Academy (SRTA) and enlisted as government first response for emergency services such as flood rescue. The lifeguards in 2424:

out assistance from a lifeguard after they have struggled in the water to ensure that all their vitals are stable ( even if they "feel fine"). Some open water facilities have a Stethoscope to check the lung sounds of the patron as well.

3367: 1310:(both commercial and government) are required to "provide a secure and safe environment" and thus lifeguards. Unlike the beach lifeguards, these have to pass a government approved test as well as a yearly a physical examination and 1819:, the Royal Life Saving Society (RLSS IRELAND) also provide training in lifesaving and courses in lifeguarding for both the National Pool Lifeguard Qualification (NPLQ) and the National Beach Lifeguard Qualification. 681:

The standard requires scanning from one side of the pool to the other, or the designated area, in 10 seconds, with the lifeguard no further than 20 seconds away from any swimmer in difficulty in the lifeguard's area.

339: – A technique used for suspected spinal injuries both in and out of the water that uses the arms to stabilize the head and prevent further movement that could worsen the head, neck, or spinal injury. 1417:, the lifesaving organization is the "Iran lifesaving organization." It has an areas roughly equal to that of the United Kingdom, France, Spain, and Germany combined, or somewhat more than the US state of Alaska. 378: – An active victim rescue is designed to quickly remove and calm a victim from the water. Depending on whether the victim is facing towards or facing away from the rescuer, the rescue will change. 1518:

the term lifeguard generally refers to swimming pool lifeguards but can be used interchangeably with lifesaver. These are qualified paid professionals employed by the pool management to watch over pool users.

506:. Lifeguards perform an emergency rescue to assist this kind of swimmer as their behavior results from being incapable of more active efforts to survive. They may be less than 60 seconds from sinking underwater. 206:

Maintain concentrated observation of the duty area and its users in to anticipate problems (this will enable the lifeguard to intervene with one of the drowning prevention measures) and to identify an emergency

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are having trouble swimming, perhaps from fatigue, and may or may not be calling out for help. Lifeguards usually swim out and help these swimmers to the side. They may or may not require additional assistance.

1024: – These inflatable boats are useful when patrolling a beach especially ocean surf beaches where either the surf is too powerful or the beach too large to perform rescues effectively on a board. 1637:

this retest is not completed or is failed three years consecutively the LA certification lapses. In the event of the LA certification lapsing the lifeguard will have to redo the LA course in its entirety.

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A more traditional method of communication with the public is through the use of colored flags, which can be raised over permanent or temporary flag poles to inform the public of different information.

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occurred. This means that the effectiveness of a lifeguard unit can be measured not by the number or rapidity of rescues, or the skill with which they are executed, but by the absence or reduction of

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These entries are used in different scenarios depending on if the victim is passive, or conscious, whether they are in deep or shallow water, and if they have a potential head, neck or spinal injury.

1472:(RLSS), through independent trainer assessors / clubs, trains and qualifies lifeguards with the National Pool Lifeguard Qualification (NPLQ) and the National Beach Lifeguard Qualification (NBLQ). 1880:

consent. In these cases, the law assumes the victim would give consent if able. This is called implied consent, and also applies to an underage victim whose parent or guardian is not present.

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three major organizations exist that train people in swimming, lifesaving and which maintain lifeguard services at public beaches, lakes etc. All three are mainly based on volunteer work. The

3371: 1261:. Considering the service provided by fire departments insufficient, some Brazilian cities have their own lifeguard services, but most Brazilian lifeguards are members of fire departments. 1110:– used to signal to swimmers that they must clear the pool, this could be because the pool is closed or an emergency is taking place significant enough for the lifeguards to clear the pool. 349:

measures make use of back blows and abdominal thrusts to try to force out the object blocking the victim's airway; Unconscious choking measures are similar to CPR with a few small changes.

311: – A series of chest compressions and ventilations that try to circulate blood containing oxygen throughout the body to vital organs in an attempt to resuscitate a victim. 2674: 1666: 613:

Waterfront – Lifeguards can look after in a non-surf, open-water areas such as lakes, rivers, streams, and lagoons that are found at public parks, resorts, summer camps and campgrounds.

542: 1523:(SLSNZ) is responsible for training and maintaining coastal Surf Lifesaving in New Zealand. Surf Lifesavers patrol various beaches in New Zealand. Lifesavers are able to sit their 561:

Lifeguards can be found patrolling many different types of water, and each type has its own unique features, duties and challenges. Locations where lifeguards can be found include:

1279:. The lifeguarding certification offered by the LSS is the National Lifeguard program, which was officially launched in 1964. There are four types of lifeguard certification: pool, 1338:(Deutsche Lebens-Rettungs-Gesellschaft – German Life Saving Society) is the largest aquatic lifeguard organization in the world with more than 1,000,000 members and promoters. The 238:

levels, or acting as a general information point. It is important that lifeguards never allow their secondary responsibilities to interfere with their primary responsibilities.

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The 10/20 Protection Standard is a technique developed by safety consultants Jeff Ellis and Associates, and taught to lifeguards on many courses including the United Kingdom

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is the largest operator of lifeguard units in the UK, patrolling over 230 operational beaches around the coast of England and Wales, helping around 7,000 people each year.

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the lifeguard-services are divided into two major groups. The beach lifeguards, which are established on a voluntarily basis by the beach administrators (in most cases the

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As of December 31, 2022, the Canadian Red Cross Lifeguard and Learn to Swim programs were retired. Canadian Red Cross wanted to focus their efforts on humanitarian relief.

973:. Lifeguards are trained to contact EMS personnel immediately. If a drowning victim has been rescued the victim might need EMS attention or extensive medical treatment. 610:– These enclosed areas use seawater, but like a pool have a limited and contained area, but have the potential for additional hazards above and beyond an artificial pool 1710:

injury. They are trained in lifeguarding, first aid and CPR and are typically stationed at beaches, pools, or other bodies of water where there is a risk of drowning.

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in trouble they try to help in ways that will not result in a threat to the life of the lifeguard or others. This is done by helping at a distance by using a pole; a

2118:. The Surf Life Saving Association of Great Britain (SLSA GB) /The Swimming Teachers Association (STA)/The Institute of Leisure and Amenity Management (ILAM). 1998. 1014:

Lifeguards will sometimes use rescue watercraft to rescue victims that are either far away or when there is large surf, i.e. big waves. Types of rescue watercraft:

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are also trained in stranded marine mammal rescue as part of Ocean Watch a collaborative effort between Drishti Marine, Terra Conscious, Goa Forest Department and

1391: 99:, certified in water rescue using a variety of aids and equipment depending on requirements of their particular venue. In some areas, lifeguards are part of the 1740:, who offer the 'National Vocational Beach Lifeguard Qualification' (NVBLQ), Surf Life Saving Wales and Surf Life Saving Great Britain (in association with the 1302:). There are three main lifeguard service providers, one heavily sponsored: TrygFonden Kystlivredning, which is backed by TrygFonden (Danish Foundation) while 2545: 1524: 1253:, responsible for ostensive policing, the members of the fire departments are also considered military, including lifeguards. The state military police and 913:

and rescue aids. Other equipment includes, but is not limited to, rescue cans, rescue tubes, rescue boards, spinal boards, AEDs, trauma bags, and oxygen.

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Equipment used by lifeguards will vary depending on the location and specific conditions encountered. Certain equipment is relatively universal such as a

2577: 1670: 367: – each facility will have an established protocol in the event of an emergency. The details of this protocol are decided by the facility. 1871:

In 2009, 117 drowned at the nation's beaches; 21 drowned where lifeguards were on duty. There were 82,969 rescues reported from 114 reporting agencies.

2700: 1461:" who train and award lifeguards with the National Pool Lifeguard Award, the National Beach Lifeguard Award and the Inland Open Water Lifeguard Award. 1131:

For duty areas over a wide area, such as beaches and lakes, lifeguards may require transport over distance and they may use land transport including

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can be used from the side of the pool or from the lifeguard chair. The pool depth should be at least five feet if jumping from an elevated position.

593:– Whilst water parks are a type of swimming pool, they can be considered a unique type of facility as they may involve additional features such as 624:– In some cases, people may swim in the open ocean from a boat (such as a cruise ship) and lifeguards may be employed for safety in this instance. 2059: 1306:

are sponsored by the councils at the Zealand Northshore. In Copenhagen there is Team Bade lifeguard service, run by Copenhagen Municipality. All

183:. Prevention is an effective skill that is vitally important to a lifeguard because it can aid in maintaining the safety of the aquatic patrons. 390: – Saving and removing a victim who is passive (or not moving) in the water; There are variations for both shallow and deep water 1549:. Additionally, many local rescue teams have one or more disaster units which can be called in case of major flooding anywhere in the country. 419:

may include videoing of on-duty lifeguards, skills evaluations involving a scenario meant to model real life, and vigilance awareness testing.

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The British Canoe Union has canoe life guard units in the UK managed by the BCU Lifeguards. These are special units that operate in

1605: 1674: 518:(Healthy swimmers) are those who do not need any support and can swim on their own doing intermediate strokes (swimming standards). 479: 199:

A lifeguard's key duties (usually as part of a team, but in some places, lifeguards may be required to work on their own) are to:

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The American Red Cross, USLA and Ellis and Associates establish standards which are universally adopted for lifeguard training.

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lifeguards are trained in a more extensive advanced first aid that is known as Title 22 First Aid For Public Safety Personnel.

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are inactive in the water, submerged or otherwise. When a lifeguard sees this kind of swimmer they perform an emergency rescue.

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Lifeguards may also be required to attend occasional in-service meetings to discuss strategy, patron safety and water skills.

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In most countries, lifeguards use similar flag signs to signal swimmers their presence, specific areas and possible dangers:

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Supervise the use of other equipment when allocated to that duty (such as water slides or any other activities taking place)

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should only be used in water depth of five feet or more and the lifeguard should be no higher than three feet above ground.

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In addition to these basic lifeguarding techniques, some units are trained in additional water rescue techniques such as

1737: 1520: 1469: 1276: 984: 2997:"Royal Spanish Rescue and Lifesaving Federation – Real Federación Española de Salvamento y Socorrismo official website" 577:– Lifeguards can also look after open water areas such as rivers, or even lakes or ponds where swimmers may congregate. 3546: 1485: 1254: 3171:"2012 a Proud Year for All Involved in Pool Lifeguarding – 11/01/2013 | the Royal Life Saving Society UK's Blog" 1904: 1601: 1493: 1747:

Both organizations also offer a range of "specialist modules" that can be added to the basic qualification, such as

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antihistamines, oxygen kits, latex gloves, laerdal pocket masks, splints, rescue blankets and first aid kits.

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Lifeguards may have other secondary duties such as cleaning, filing paperwork, checking a swimming pool's

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The KNBRD wears the international clothing style which is yellow/red. The KNBRD works together with the

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there are three main lifesaving organizations providing lifeguard licenses and training, one is called

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beaches. Often students who hold LA certification will work on a day by day basis during busy seasons.

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In 2012, there were no reported drownings in UK swimming pools where there was a lifeguard on duty.

527: 3551: 1868:. The Atlantic City Beach Patrol is currently the oldest active beach patrol in the United States. 1465: 1454: 1136: 1037: 663: 422:

Lifeguards also must be recertified regularly, as lifeguard certifications expire after some time.

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In October 2018 Drishti lifeguards were water safety partners for India's first Ironman held in

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for cliff rescue and bike patrol training, and they will carry appropriate equipment for these.

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Dutch abbreviation for West Flemish training centre for firemen, lifeguards and ambulance crew

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Belgian lifeguards with portable high chair to afford optimum viewing position of bathing area

100: 2466:""It Doesn't Look Like They're Drowning": How To Recognize the Instinctive Drowning Response" 926:

may be thrown, wading to the victim, using available watercraft, swim with an aid, such as a

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to be in the water, which extends their range and may allow quicker response to emergencies.

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Vittone, Aviation Survival Technician First Class Mario; Pia, Francesco Ph.D. (Fall 2006).

2060:"USC Student Campus Calendar – Weekend Signature Events – Weekend Events – Upcoming Events" 249: 1827: 1441: 1206: 1194: 815:; mainly for jellyfish (not in all countries; in dangerous cases, the red flag is shown). 650:

over their supervised area and may facilitate communication between them and their team.

483:

U.S. military personnel undergo lifeguard training / Spinal Injury recovery via Backboard

437:

is the slowest of the four entries. This technique is used when a victim has a suspected

124:

on this responsibility upon employment, However, there may also be volunteer lifeguards.

2341: 1585: 658:

These flags may also give information to the bathers about current swimming conditions.

2035: 1755:, Rescue Surf Skills, Rescue (paddle) Board, Rescue Boat (Crew), Rescue Boat (Driver), 1695: 1378:

holds government contracts with a body of 710 professionally trained lifeguards across

1258: 319: – The lifeguard in training should know how to protect themselves from 147: 132: 1736:

The three alternative schemes for qualifying beach lifeguard in the UK are run by the

1086:– used to gain the attention of fellow lifeguards (including managers/head lifeguards) 1040:, are useful for their faster top speeds and maneuverability in ocean surf conditions. 3530: 3441: 3196: 2040: 1956: 1846:

Lifeguarding program, American Lifeguard Association, Jeff Ellis and Associates, the

1839: 1744:) who offer the 'National Rescue Standards Beach Lifeguard Qualification' (NaRS BL). 1234: 1202: 1132: 1054: 962: 950: 910: 706: 581: 442: 355: – Used to treat various injuries and sudden illnesses that can occur. 65: 1842:

there are several nationally recognized organizations that certify lifeguards. The

1536: 937:

and swift water training, or in rescue techniques unrelated to water rescue such as

103:

system to incidents and in some communities, lifeguards may function as the primary

2868: 2010: 1804: 1633: 1430: 1426: 1402: 1307: 958: 934: 890: 746: 1104:– used to signal to a fellow lifeguard that you are jumping in for an active save. 115: 2494: 2978: 2934: 2015: 1893: 1725: 1707: 1617: 1515: 1422: 1339: 1322: 927: 725: 641: 594: 438: 662:

as the sea or even a large water park) where lifeguards can use boats or other

119:

Picture of a lifeguard warning sign taken in Santa Barbara, California, in 2011

3044: 2912: 2025: 2005: 1649: 1167: 1151: 977: 828: 606: 589: 69: 2643:

Dutch abbreviation for intercommunal coast lifeguard service of West Flanders

2282: 1394:

India. They conduct regular interventions for turtles and dolphins caught in

1049:

Effective communications are vital for lifeguards and they may choose to use

694:

A red flag flies during heavy seas in St Ives, Cornwall. No swimming allowed

2446: 2428: 2020: 1600:

there are many organizations that teach and train people in lifesaving. The

1590: 1570: 1395: 1311: 1280: 1222: 1190: 1058: 938: 895: 866: 776: 536: 323:

Lifeguards should protect themselves at all times when performing first aid.

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for attracting the attention of the public or other members of the team, a

40: 3515: 2262: 1375: 502:

supporting kick, and no forwards progress. This behavior is known as the

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They may also use larger water craft such as a large rigid or inflatable

923: 710: 231: 176: 172: 128: 57: 1773: 1275:

In Canada, all lifeguards and assistant lifeguards are certified by the

1331: 1295: 1217: 1198: 1050: 953:

available. They may have advanced first aid items such as supplemental

906: 838: 714: 346: 258: 254: 191: 61: 53: 853: 44:

Red and yellow flag indicating a bathing area patrolled by lifeguards.

2030: 1791: 1787: 1662: 1502: 1383: 1246: 990:

In certain jurisdictions, lifeguards may use airway adjuncts such as

954: 602: 555: 532: 226:

Help clean areas around pool or beach to ensure the safety of patrons

3295: 2773: 2591: 1677:(NCSLSA). NWLSA was first launched in 1970 and aided by Australians 3345: 3273: 2471:. On Scene (journal of US Coastguard search and rescue). p. 14 1864:

The first beach patrol in the United States was founded in 1891 in

223:

Communicate with bathers and other users to fulfill the above tasks

3045:"St Michaels on Sea, South Coast KZN, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa" 2000: 1850:, Starfish Aquatics Institute's Starguard program, NASCO, and the 1826: 1772: 1724: 1597: 1584: 1535: 1481: 1440: 1367: 1321: 1161: 1118: 1062: 1005: 889: 783:

Medium hazard. Only for experienced swimmers. Proceed with caution

719: 697: 689: 640: 627: 620: 567: 541: 526: 478: 248: 190: 137: 114: 81: 73: 39: 27: 3022: 1092:– used to signal that a lifeguard is taking action in their area. 1847: 1730: 1546: 1418: 1414: 1335: 1147: 949:

Lifeguards are proficient in first aid, and have a well stocked

702: 675: 547: 195:

An enclosed lifeguard tower at Ala Moana Beach, Honolulu, Hawaii

85: 213:

Effect rescues and initiate other emergency action as necessary

150:

provides a clear basis for preventing drowning which includes:

1887: 1760: 1752: 1748: 1387: 1379: 1371: 865:; sometimes also a red flag with a white diagonal stripe (see 272:

Training equipment required in certification classes include:

77: 2842: 2817: 1457:, the statutory body established to promote water safety is " 2747: 2297:"First Aid/CPR/AED participant's manual. American Red Cross" 930:. As a last resort, direct swimming to the apparent victim. 2890: 333:

therapy for victims with breathing and cardiac emergencies.

235: 3197:"Lifeguards And Lifeguarded Beaches In The UK And Ireland" 3088: 1968:

Australian Surf Life Saving Championships, Perth Australia

3251: 3157:"How Can a Lifeguard Motivate People in the Community? -" 3110: 2141:. Krames StayWell Strategic Partnerships Division. 2012. 1964:

event that combines three different physical activities.

3393: 3066: 1986:

British Universities Lifesaving Clubs Association League

1667:

National Water Life Saving Association Republic of China

488:

look for swimmers in various categories and conditions:

2996: 2449:(1974). "Observations on the drowning of nonswimmers". 3415: 2622: 3296:"Water Safety & Rescue | Colwick Park Lifeguards" 3224:. Royal National Lifeboat Institution. Archived from 2435:(2 ed.). Larchmont, NY: Water Safety Films, Inc. 1702:

Managing health and safety in swimming pools manual.

632:"No lifeguard on duty" Sign posted in Toronto Canada. 2795: 2521:"The complete list of beach flags and warning signs" 1303: 733: 301:

Some of the various out-of-water skills taught are:

220:

in the event of injury to a bather or other incident

1854:. The standard in open water surf training is the 64:, and other water sports participants such as in a 2342:"Aquatic Examiner Evaluation Services | Red Cross" 3346:"Details of all lifeguard courses and activities" 2453:. Warsaw, IN: The YMCA Society of North America. 1794:in areas where motor boats would have problems. 371:Some of the various in-water skills taught are: 2957:"Operatori Polivalenti di Salvataggio in Acqua" 2317:"Protecting Yourself From Bloodborne Pathogens" 2231:International Lifeguard Training Program Manual 1990:Federacion Aragonesa de Salvamento y Socorrismo 1326:A member of the Wasserwacht observing a regatta 1257:are auxiliary institutions and reserves of the 724:Lifeguard tower with yellow and purple flag in 2233:(5th ed.). Ellis & Associates. 2020. 1606:Royal Spanish Rescue and Lifesaving Federation 987:as a part of their emergency services system. 768:High hazard. Swimming discouraged / prohibited 597:or wave generators, or shallow pool play areas 550:patrolling a public bathing area of a lake on 2744:"Den Nordsjællandske Kystlivredningstjeneste" 2062:. Sait.usc.edu. 30 March 2012. Archived from 1675:National Chinese Surf Life Saving Association 1608:are a couple of the prominent organizations. 32:A lifeguard (United States) on patrol during 8: 3495:"Rip tides making life tough for lifeguards" 3133:Managing Health and Safety in Swimming Pools 430:There are four main types of water entries: 2913:"Federazione Italiana Salvamento Acquatico" 1922:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1777:RNLI lifeguards at Widemouth bay, Cornwall. 1304:Den Nordsjællandske Kystlivredningstjeneste 770:(in some countries only at two red flags). 253:National Training Centre for Beach Guards, 2935:"International Maritime Rescue Federation" 1671:Red Cross Society of the Republic of China 1370:the longest coast manned by lifeguards is 1080:– used to gain the attention of a swimmer. 203:Enforce rules to prevent problems/injuries 2654:"Lifesaving Society | National Lifeguard" 2406:"Lifeguarding Manual. American Red Cross" 2370:"Lifeguard In-Service Trainings: A Guide" 1942:Learn how and when to remove this message 1098:– (swimming pools) used to clear the pool 88:. Lifeguards are trained in swimming and 2496:Starguard: Best Practices for Lifeguards 2133: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2125: 2085: 2083: 2081: 56:who supervises the safety and rescue of 3440:. Cdc.gov. 11 June 2012. Archived from 3019:"LifeSaving South Africa ::: HOME" 2796:"Details of Irish Water Safety classes" 2772:. Dlrg.de. 18 June 2012. Archived from 2051: 983:Some lifeguards are crossed trained as 463:is used in shallow waters that go from 3416:"United States Lifesaving Association" 3394:"Welcome to Ellis and Associates, Inc" 2701:"Canadian Red Cross Lifeguard Program" 2675:"Lifesaving Society Lifeguard Options" 2576:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 2569: 2364: 2362: 2139:American Red Cross Lifeguarding Manual 2488: 2486: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2256: 2254: 2252: 2250: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2219: 2217: 2215: 2208:from the original on 19 January 2024. 2186: 2184: 2182: 2180: 2178: 676:National Pool Lifeguard Qualification 7: 2311: 2309: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2170: 2168: 2166: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2158: 1975:Bournemouth Lifeguards Corps Regatta 1920:adding citations to reliable sources 1856:United States Lifesaving Association 1181:Royal Life Saving Society Australia 2937:. International-maritime-rescue.org 2843:"Details of RLSS Lifeguard courses" 1751:Radio Operator; Rescue Water Craft 1742:Royal National Lifeboat Institution 1620:the lifesaving organization is the 1573:the lifesaving organization is the 1356:Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Deutschland 1201:, as well as competitions, such as 1833:Ocean Beach, San Diego, California 1484:, Lifeguards are certified by the 1193:lifeguards are distinguished from 14: 2891:"Società Nazionale di Salvamento" 2090:Whatling, Shaun (December 1994). 1669:(NWLSAROC) another is called The 575:Inland body of water (Waterfront) 3514: 3321:"Open Water Lifeguard – RLSS UK" 2201:(3rd ed.). CDC. July 2018. 1892: 1036: – Also known as 852: 837: 820: 805: 790: 775: 760: 745: 3501:. Portland, Maine. pp. B2. 3493:Sharp, David (12 August 2010). 3067:"Swimming Teachers Association" 2867:. Federnuoto.it. Archived from 1729:Lifeguard pick-up truck of the 1602:International Lifeguard Society 1494:Italian Water Rescue Federation 1123:KNRM Lifeguard Schiermonnikoog 327:Emergency oxygen administration 3370:. Redcross.org. Archived from 3089:"Royal Life Saving Society UK" 3021:. 74.53.28.130. Archived from 2499:. Human Kinetics. p. 50. 343:Active and unconscious choking 1: 3091:. Rlss.org.uk. 1 January 1970 2451:Journal of Physical Education 2094:. Royal Life Saving Society. 1831:Lifeguard tower and truck in 985:emergency medical technicians 546:Two lifeguards of the German 504:instinctive drowning response 307:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 3250:. Bcu.org.uk. Archived from 2722:"TrygFonden: Bliv livredder" 1738:Royal Life Saving Society UK 1575:Singapore Lifesaving Society 1521:Surf Life Saving New Zealand 1277:Lifesaving Society of Canada 1150:, personal water crafts, or 475:Identifying types of swimmer 127:The conditions resulting in 2999:. Rfess.es. 26 January 2012 2746:(in Danish). Archived from 2261:American Red Cross (2016). 1971:Risser's Beach, Nova Scotia 1490:National Lifesaving Society 1486:Italian Swimming Federation 1449:explaining lifeguard flags. 971:spinal immobilization board 329: – Provides 166:training in survival skills 3568: 1648:Many main beaches such as 1501:an organisation, but each 1374:'s 105 km shoreline. 1268: 1185:Surf Life Saving Australia 1178: 382:Active-victim front rescue 21:Lifeguard (disambiguation) 18: 2915:. Fisa1899.altervista.org 2199:Model Aquatic Health Code 1866:Atlantic City, New Jersey 845:Watercraft use prohibited 670:10/20 Protection Standard 345: – Active 154:education and information 3300:www.thelifeguards.org.uk 2979:"Lifeguard: The Origins" 2267:. : American Red Cross. 1622:Swiss Lifesaving Society 1470:Royal Lifesaving Society 1229:, more particularly the 1034:Rescue Water Craft (RWC) 493:Passive drowning victims 353:Various first aid skills 3348:. Lifeguardsireland.com 2845:. www.lifesavers.org.uk 2594:. Redderaanzee.wobra.be 2493:White, Jill E. (2012). 1981:Nova Scotia Surf League 1763:Oxygen Administration. 1421:has a coastline to the 1346:) is a division of the 1283:, waterfront and surf. 1020:Inflatable Rescue Boats 499:Active drowning victims 467:to at least three feet. 131:are summarized by the ' 3368:"Lifeguarding program" 2116:Beach Lifeguard Manual 1835: 1778: 1733: 1593: 1541: 1450: 1425:to the north, and the 1327: 1255:state fire departments 1171: 1128: 1011: 1010:Inflatable Rescue Boat 992:nasopharyngeal airways 957:, a suction device, a 902: 879:No lifeguards on duty 800:(usually unofficial). 728: 717: 695: 646: 633: 558: 539: 484: 365:Emergency Action Plans 321:blood borne pathogens. 261: 196: 143: 120: 45: 37: 3499:Portland Press Herald 3248:"British Canoe Union" 3113:. IQL. 1 January 1970 1852:Boy Scouts of America 1830: 1776: 1728: 1588: 1540:Dutch lifeguard truck 1539: 1444: 1325: 1165: 1122: 1009: 996:oropharyngeal airways 894:Lifeguard station at 893: 723: 701: 693: 644: 631: 552:stand-up paddleboards 545: 530: 482: 388:Passive-victim rescue 337:In-line stabilization 269:parks, beaches, etc. 252: 194: 157:provision of warnings 141: 118: 43: 31: 3523:at Wikimedia Commons 1955:the world after the 1916:improve this section 1352:Wasserrettungsdienst 813:Marine pests present 376:Active-victim rescue 19:For other uses, see 3228:on 22 December 2010 2750:on 8 September 2012 2264:Lifeguarding manual 1803:on the services of 1139:, gators, or other 1038:personal watercraft 664:personal watercraft 531:Lifeguard on duty, 510:Distressed swimmers 285:Resuscitation masks 181:medical emergencies 3547:Emergency services 3254:on 12 October 2012 3177:on 19 January 2013 2822:rlsscourses.org.uk 2681:on 31 January 2016 2374:The Redwoods Group 2092:Beach Lifeguarding 1844:American Red Cross 1836: 1779: 1734: 1594: 1542: 1459:Irish Water Safety 1451: 1328: 1271:National Lifeguard 1172: 1129: 1012: 903: 831:area. No swimming. 729: 718: 696: 647: 634: 559: 540: 485: 297:First aid supplies 262: 197: 144: 142:The drowning chain 121: 101:emergency services 46: 38: 3519:Media related to 3222:"RNLI Lifeguards" 3142:978-0-7176-2686-1 3025:on 2 October 2011 2871:on 25 August 2012 2776:on 25 August 2012 2770:"Über uns – DLRG" 2506:978-0-7360-9835-9 2274:978-0-9983745-0-5 2240:978-0-9961108-7-7 2148:978-1-58480-487-1 1952: 1951: 1944: 1798:Inland lifeguards 1498:Italian Red Cross 1166:Lifeguard tower, 1125:Volkswagen Amarok 1002:Rescue watercraft 883: 882: 753:Lifeguard on duty 410:Ongoing Trainings 291:Disposable gloves 3559: 3518: 3503: 3502: 3490: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3470:. Archived from 3460: 3454: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3425: 3423: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3403: 3401: 3390: 3384: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3364: 3358: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3317: 3311: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3276:. BCU Lifeguards 3274:"BCU Lifeguards" 3270: 3264: 3263: 3261: 3259: 3244: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3218: 3212: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3193: 3187: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3173:. Archived from 3167: 3161: 3160: 3159:. 16 April 2022. 3153: 3147: 3146: 3129: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3107: 3101: 3100: 3098: 3096: 3085: 3079: 3078: 3076: 3074: 3063: 3057: 3056: 3054: 3052: 3041: 3035: 3034: 3032: 3030: 3015: 3009: 3008: 3006: 3004: 2993: 2987: 2986: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2953: 2947: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2909: 2903: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2887: 2881: 2880: 2878: 2876: 2865:"FIN Salvamento" 2861: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2830: 2828: 2814: 2808: 2807: 2805: 2803: 2792: 2786: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2740: 2734: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2718: 2712: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2688: 2686: 2677:. 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