Popularity - Knowledge (XXG)

1475:

group. Without group or team cohesiveness, there is no correlation between leadership and popularity; however, when a group is cohesive, the higher up someone is in the leadership hierarchy, the more popular they are for two reasons. First, a cohesive group feels more personal responsibility for their work, thus placing more value on better performance. Cohesive members see leaders as taking a bulk of the work and investing a lot of personal time, so when they see a job's value they can ascribe its success to the leader. This greatest contribution principle is perceived as a great asset to the team, and members view the leader more favorably and he gains popularity. Secondly, cohesive groups have well established group values. Leaders can become more popular in these groups by realizing and acting on dominant group values. Supporting group morals and standards leads to high positive valuation from the group, leading to popularity.

1407:, where the cohesion is a confounding factor that forces the greater links in the smaller minority, causing them to be more noticed and thus more popular. When considering race as a predictor for perceived popularity by asking a class how popular and important each other person is, African American students were rated most popular by their peers. Popularity in race was found to be correlated with athleticism, and because African Americans have a stereotype of being better at sports than individuals of other races, they are viewed as more popular. Additionally, White and Hispanic children were rated as more popular the better they succeeded in school and came from a higher socioeconomic background. No single factor can explain popularity, but instead the interaction between many factors such as race and athleticism vs. academics. 1257:

purpose. For example, sports teams exist with the goal of being successful in competitions against other sports teams. Study groups exist so that the members of the group can mutually benefit from one another's academic knowledge. In these situations, leaders often emerge because other members of the group perceive them as adding a lot of value to the group as a whole. On a sports team, this means that the best players are usually elected captain and in study groups people might be more inclined to like an individual who has a lot of knowledge to share. It has been argued that this may be a result of our evolutionary tendencies to favor individuals who are most likely to aid in our own survival.

1579:

when it comes down to the bottom line, but there have been many studies which have shown that, in general, attractiveness is not at all a valid predictor of on-the-job performance. Many individuals have previously thought this was only a phenomenon in the more individualistic cultures of the Western world, but research has shown that attractiveness also plays a role in hiring in collectivist cultures as well. Because of the prevalence of this problem during the hiring process in all cultures, researchers have recommended training a group to ignore such influencers, just like legislation has worked to control for differences in sex, race, and disabilities.

1571:

employees typically respond based on perceived popularity; however, they really prefer the social interactions with those who are more sociometrically popular. For each individual to ensure that they are consistent with the group's popularity consensus, those who are high in perceived popularity are treated with the same positive behaviors as those who are more interpersonally, but privately, liked by specific individuals. Well-liked workers are most likely to get salary increases and promotions, while disliked (unpopular) workers are the first to get their salary cut back or laid off during recessions.

1508:

trending. Since people rely on what those before them do, one can manipulate what becomes popular among the public by manipulating a website's download rankings. Experts paid to predict sales often fail but not because they are bad at their jobs; instead, it is because they cannot control the information cascade that ensues after first exposure by consumers. Music is again, an excellent example. Good songs rarely perform poorly on the charts and poor songs rarely perform very well, but there is tremendous variance that still makes predicting the popularity of any one song very difficult.

1241: 1389:

also more likely than women to be socially excluded. Boys tend to become popular based on athletic ability, coolness, toughness, and interpersonal skills; however, the more popular a boy gets, the worse he tends to do on his academic work. On the other hand, this negative view of academics is not seen at all in popular girls, who gain popularity based on family background (primarily socioeconomic status), physical appearance, and social ability. Boys are also known to be more competitive and rule focused, whereas girls have more emotional intimacy.

1567:. The majority of people have about 130 friends, while very few people have larger social networks. However, some individuals do have more than 5,000 friends. This reflects that very few people can be extremely well-connected, but many people are somewhat connected. The number of friends a person has, has been a way to determine how popular an individual is, so the small number of people who have an extremely high number of friends is a way of using social networking services, like Facebook, to illustrate how only a few people are deemed popular. 1430:

for communication with both management and co-workers, causing a greater feeling of responsibility and belongingness at work. Others prefer to work with popular individuals, most notably in manual labor jobs because, although they might not be the most knowledgeable for the job, they are approachable, willing to help, cooperative in group work, and are more likely to treat their coworkers as an equal. If an employee feels good-natured, genial, but not overly independent, more people will say that they most prefer to work with that employee.

63: 1336:

individuals. For unattractive individuals, there is again a strongly negative relationship between overt aggression and sociometric popularity. This means that attractive individuals stand to gain a lot of perceived popularity at the cost of very little sociometric popularity by being overtly aggressive while unattractive individuals stand to gain very little perceived popularity from acts of overt aggression but will be heavily penalized with regards to sociometric popularity.

1533: 1273:, has been shown to have very profound effects on popularity. People who are physically attractive are more likely to be thought of as possessing positive traits. People who are attractive are expected to perform better on tasks and are more likely to be trusted. Additionally, they are judged to possess many other positive traits such as mental health, intelligence, social awareness, and dominance. 1591: 969: 859: 1575:

the workplace. Coworkers agree with each other on who is and who is not popular and, as a group, treat popular coworkers more favorably. While popularity has proven to be a big determiner of getting more positive feedback and interactions from coworkers, such a quality matters less in organizations where workloads and interdependence is high, such as the medical field.

1282:

must prove that they are bringing value to the group. It has been shown empirically that being physically attractive is correlated with both sociometric and perceived popularity. Some possible explanations for this include increased social visibility and an increased level of tolerance for aggressive, social interactions that may increase perceived popularity.

1380:

and interpersonal conduct. By adulthood, work and romantic relationships become much more important. This peer functioning and gaining popularity is a key player in increasing interest in social networks and groups in the workplace. To succeed in such a work environment, adults then place popularity as a higher priority than any other goal, even romance.

1220:. Both popularization and personalization are employed together by tech companies, organizations, governments or individuals as complementing mechanisms to gain economic, political, and social power. Among the social implications of information popularization is the emergence of homogeneity, which often reflects dominant views. An example would be the 1093:. The 3 Factor Model proposed attempts to reconcile the two concepts of sociometric and perceived popularity by combining them orthogonally and providing distinct definitions for each. In doing so, it reconciles the counter intuitive fact that liking does not guarantee perceived popularity nor does perceived popularity guarantee being well liked. 1512:

best light, with the most famous people, or being in the media most often. Such constant exposure is a way of gaining more product followers. Marketers can often make the difference between an average product and a popular product. However, since popularity is primarily constructed as a general consensus of a group's attitude towards something,

1081:. Individuals who have perceived popularity are often highly socially visible and frequently emulated but rarely liked. Since perceived popularity is a measure of visible reputation and emulation, this form of popularity is most openly discussed, agreed upon within a group, and what most people refer to when they call someone popular. 1474:

With a greater focus on groups in the workplace, it is essential that leaders effectively deal with and mediate groups to avoid clashing. Sometimes a leader does not need to be popular to be effective, but there are a few characteristics that can help a leader be more accepted and better liked by his

1420:

More tasks in the workplace are being done in teams, leading to a greater need of people to seek and feel social approval. In academic settings, a high social standing among peers is associated with positive academic outcomes. Popularity also leads to students in academic environments to receive more

1335:

Attractive individuals who are overtly aggressive barely suffer any consequences in terms of sociometric popularity. This is a key difference between overt and relational aggression because relational aggression has a strongly negative relationship on sociometric popularity, especially for attractive

1260:

The actual value which an individual brings to a group is not of consequence in determining his or her popularity; the only thing that is important is his or her value as perceived by the other members of the group. While perceived value and actual value may often overlap, this is not a requisite and

993:

While popularity is a trait often ascribed to an individual, it is an inherently social phenomenon and thus can only be understood in the context of groups of people. Popularity is a collective perception, and individuals report the consensus of a group's feelings towards an individual or object when

1574:

During interactions with others in the work environment, more popular individuals receive more organizational citizenship behavior (helping and courteousness from others) and less counter productive work behavior (rude reactions and withheld information) than those who are considered less popular in

1511:

Experts can determine if a product will sell in the top 50% of related products or not, but it is difficult to be more specific than that. Due to the strong impact that influence plays, this evidence emphasizes the need for marketers. They have a significant opportunity to show their products in the

1507:

Information cascades have strong influence causing individuals to imitate the actions of others, whether or not they are in agreement. For example, when downloading music, people don't decide 100% independently which songs to buy. Often they are influenced by charts depicting which songs are already

1495:

Popularity is a social phenomenon but it can also be ascribed to objects that people interact with. Collective attention is the only way to make something popular, and information cascades play a large role in rapid rises in something's popularity. Rankings for things in popular culture, like movies

1429:

Popularity is positively linked to job satisfaction, individual job performance, and group performance. The popular worker, besides just feeling more satisfied with his job, feels more secure, believes he has better working conditions, trusts his supervisor, and possesses more positive opportunities

1379:

Popularity is gauged primarily through social status. Because of the importance of social status, peers play the primary role in social decision making so that individuals can increase the chances that others like them. However, as children, individuals tend to do this through friendship, academics,

1281:

This means that, in addition to being more well-liked, attractive people are more likely to be seen as bringing actual value to the group, even when they may be of little or no value at all. In essence, physically attractive people are given the benefit of the doubt while less attractive individuals

1201:

The Situation refers to the circumstances that an individual finds themself in. Different circumstances may result in different social outcomes. For example, the same student may be perceived as popular when in the social context of their church youth group but unpopular within the social context of

1062:

Perceived popularity is used to describe those individuals who are known among their peers as being popular. Unlike sociometric popularity, perceived popularity is often associated with aggression and dominance and is not dependent on prosocial behaviors. This form of popularity is often explored by

1190:

refers to all those aspects of a person that are objective: participation in sports, physical appearance, etc. Perceived popularity is primarily the result of what a person is. It is mediated by Input of Energy combining with the Hierarchy of Attraction. This preferential receipt of Input of Energy

1148:

asserting that it is based on a multitude of different factors but primarily those of: socioeconomic status; interpersonal similarity; physical appearance; and efficacy. It proposes the concept of a "Hierarchy of Attraction" which, in simple terms, is just a stylized bell curve that illustrates how

1570:

Popular people may not be those who are best liked interpersonally by their peers, but they do receive most of the positive behavior from coworkers when compared to nonpopular workers. This is a result of the differences between sociometric and perceived popularity. When asked who is most popular,

1388:

These two types of popularity, perceived popularity and sociometric popularity, are more correlated for girls than they are for boys. However, it is said that men can possess these qualities to a larger extent, making them more likely to be a leader, more powerful, and more central in a group, but

1306:

is nonviolent aggression that is emotionally damaging to another individual. Examples of relationally aggressive activities include ignoring or excluding an individual from a group, delivering personal insults to another person, and the spreading of rumors. Relational aggression is more frequently

1276:

Additionally, people who are of above average attractiveness are assumed to also be of above average value to the group. Research shows that attractive people are often perceived to have many positive traits based on nothing other than their looks, regardless of how accurate these perceptions are.

1578:

In many instances, physical appearance has been used as one indicator of popularity. Attractiveness plays a large role in the workplace and physical appearance influences hiring, whether or not the job might benefit from it. For example, some jobs, such as salesperson, benefit from attractiveness

1014:

as popular are not necessarily the most well liked as originally assumed. When students are given the opportunity to freely elect those they like most and those they perceive as popular, a discrepancy often emerges. This is evidence that there are two main forms of personal popularity that social

1331:

It has been shown that overt aggression directly leads to perceived popularity when the aggressor is attractive. Experiments that are controlled for levels of physical attractiveness show that individuals who are attractive and overtly aggressive have a higher degree of perceived popularity than

1256:

One of the most widely agreed upon theories about what leads to an increased level of popularity for an individual is the perceived value which that individual brings to the group. This seems to be true for members of all groups, but is especially demonstrable in groups that exist for a specific

1290:

The degree to which an individual is perceived as popular is often highly correlated with the level of aggression with which that individual interacts with his or her peers. There are two main categories of aggression, relational and overt, both of which have varying consequences for popularity

1155:

Input of Energy is the interpersonal actions that an individual takes, consciously and unconsciously, when they experience an interpersonal attraction. Examples of Input of Energy given in the book include: attempts at physical proximity; changes in verbal communications; changes to non-verbal

1516:

is a more effective way to attract new attention. Websites and blogs start by recommendations from one friend to another, as they move through social networking services. Eventually, when the fad is large enough, the media catches on to the craze. This spreading by word-of-mouth is the social

1310:

It has been found that relational aggression almost always has a strongly negative relationship with sociometric popularity but can have a positive relationship with perceived popularity depending on the perceived level of attractiveness of the aggressor. For an aggressor who is perceived as

1215:

offers analytical framework to understand how popularity is used to gain political and economic power. This model explains the way information is organized and selected based on its popularity among users. It links between information popularization and the opposite mechanism, information

1397:

In some instances, it has been found that in predominantly white high schools, attractive non-white students are on average significantly more sociometrically popular than equally attractive white students. One theory that has been put forth to explain this phenomenon is a high degree of

1197:

refers to the personality of the individual and how they treat other people. It is this factor that is responsible for determining where a student sits along the "liking" and "disliking" dimensions that characterize a student. The more pro-social an individual, the more they will be

1327:

Overt aggression is aggression that involves individuals physically interacting with each other in acts such as pushing, hitting, kicking or otherwise causing physical harm or submission in the other person. This includes threats of violence and physical intimidation as well.

1053:

non-aggressively. This is a more private judgement, characterized by likability, that will not generally be shared in a group setting. Often, it is impossible to know whom individuals find popular on this scale unless confidentiality is ensured.

1311:

unattractive, relational aggression, by both males and females, leads to less perceived popularity. For an attractive aggressor however, relational aggression has been found to actually have a positive relationship with perceived popularity.

1402:

among minority students compared with the relative lack of cohesion amongst members of the majority. Since there is more cohesion, there is more availability for one person to be liked by many since they are all in contact. This acts like

1318:

In short, the more physically attractive an individual is, the more likely they are to experience decreased levels of sociometric popularity but increased levels of perceived popularity for engaging in relationally aggressive activities.

1314:

The relationship between attractiveness and aggression is further intertwined by the finding that increased levels of physical attractiveness actually further decreased the sociometric popularity of relationally aggressive individuals.

926:, superiority, and similar factors. For example, a kind person may be considered likable and therefore more popular than another person, and a wealthy person may be considered superior and therefore more popular than another person. 1361:

Only the responsiveness/rejection culture results in teenagers actively trying to become popular. There is no effort for popularity in Northern or Southern Europe, Latin America or Asia. This emotional bonding is specific for the

1455:

Create connections – others are more likely to approach individuals they have strong relationships with; these can be built by talking about more personal issues, attending work gatherings, and communicating outside the office

2697:

James Silk Buckingham; John Sterling; Frederick Denison Maurice; Henry Stebbing; Charles Wentworth Dilke; Thomas Kibble Hervey; William Hepworth Dixon; Norman Maccoll; Vernon Horace Rendall; John Middleton Murry, eds. (1886).

1998:

Santor, Darcy A.; Messervey, Deanna; Kusumakar, Vivek (April 2000). "Measuring Peer Pressure, Popularity, and Conformity in Adolescent Boys and Girls: Predicting School Performance, Sexual Attitudes, and Substance Abuse".

994:

rating popularity. It takes a group of people to like something, so the more that people advocate for something or claim that someone is best liked, the more attention it will get, and the more popular it will be deemed.

1442:, employees in more central positions that must relate to many others throughout the day, such as a manager, are more likely to be considered popular. There are many characteristics that contribute to popularity: 1366:. In the love/hate cultures, the family and close friends are more important than popularity. In the approval/criticism cultures, actions are more important than persons, so no strong links develop during school. 997:

Notwithstanding the above, popularity as a concept can be applied, assigned, or directed towards objects such as songs, movies, websites, activities, soaps, foods etc. Together, these objects collectively make up

1294:

The relationship also depends on culture. Prinstein notes that studies have found that increased aggression tends to correlate with higher social status in the United States, but lower social status in China.

1449:

Focusing on positive energy – others will feel too drained to be around someone if their interactions are not started on a positive note or they don't have empathy to share in someone else's positive news

1488:

Popularity is a term widely applicable to the modern era thanks primarily to social networking technology. Being "liked" has been taken to a completely different level on ubiquitous sites such as

1123:

The interpersonal feeling of "liking" is not the same as "attraction" and that both are responsible for different human behaviours. The neurological evidence of this comes from the research of

941:

is measured by objectively measuring the number of connections a person has to others in the group. A person can have high perceived popularity without having high sociometric popularity, and

1517:

information cascade that allows something to grow in usage and attention throughout a social group until everyone is telling everyone else about it, at which point it is deemed popular.

1421:

help, have more positive relationships and stereotypes, and be more approached by peers. While this is the research found in schools, it is likely to be generalized to a workplace.

1551:

For example, there are few very popular websites, but many websites have small followings. This is the result of interest; as many people use e-mail, it is common for sites like

2561: 2465: 1643:

Massachusetts Dept. of Corporations and Taxation (1932). Annual Report of the Commissioner of Corporations and Taxation (Report). University of Michigan. p. 101.

1548:, which posits that there is a low frequency of very large quantities and a high frequency of low quantities. This illustrates popularity of many different objects. 1465:

Hands-on or servant leader – is a person that will do the work before anyone else, be the first to do the less desirable jobs, and have a positive attitude about it.

990:, which originally meant "common." The current definition of the word popular, the "fact or condition of being well liked by the people", was first seen in 1601. 1870: 1010:

For many years, popularity research focused on a definition of popularity that was based on being "well liked." Eventually, it was discovered that those who are

2827:

Shahani-Denning, C., Dudhat, P., Tevet, R., & Andreoli, N. (2010). Effect of Physical Attractiveness on Selection Decisions in India and the United States.

442: 1261:

it has been shown that there are instances in which an individual's actual value is relatively low, but they are perceived as highly valuable nevertheless.

1459:

Patience – turning away too quickly ignores that relationships take time to grow, especially in the busy and stressful environments that work often induces

2923: 1045:. Those who act in prosocial ways are likely to be deemed sociometrically popular. Often they are known for their interpersonal abilities, their 2231:

de Bruyn, Eddy H.; van den Boom, Dymphna C. (1 November 2005). "Interpersonal Behavior, Peer Popularity, and Self-esteem in Early Adolescence".

974: 467: 1520:

Individuals also rely on what others say when they know that the information they are given could be completely incorrect. This is known as

2883: 1452:

Treating others with respect – others do not like to be around someone if they aren't treated equally and acknowledged for their hard work

2511:

Kennedy, E. (1995). Correlates of perceived popularity among peers: A study of race and gender differences among middle school students.

1963:

Borch, Casey; Allen Hyde, Antonius H. N. Cillessen (13 May 2010). "The role of attractiveness and aggression in high school popularity".

889: 486: 2811: 2420:

Adler, P. A., Kless, S. J., & Adler, P. (1992). Socialization to gender roles: Popularity among elementary school boys and girls.

1930: 1332:

attractive non-overtly aggressive individuals. This was found to be true to a small degree for females and a large degree for males.

2903: 2851: 2488: 2107:

Berger, Joseph; Fişek, M. Hamit (1 January 2006). "Diffuse Status Characteristics and the Spread of Status Value: A Formal Theory".

1363: 828: 818: 522: 482: 2524:

Eder, D. (1985). The cycle of popularity: Interpersonal relations among female adolescents. Sociology Of Education, 58(3), 154–165.

910:

is how much a person, idea, place, item or other concept is either liked or accorded status by other people. Liking can be due to

2918: 2908: 277: 1245: 577: 362: 113: 2590:

Porter, L. W., & Ghiselli, E. E. (1960). A self-description scale measuring sociometric popularity among manual workers.

2534:

J.C, W, Masters, Furman (1981). "Popularity, individual friendship selection, and specific peer interaction among children".

2394: 2336:

Crick, Nicki R.; Grotpeter, Jennifer K. (1 June 1995). "Relational Aggression, Gender, and Social-Psychological Adjustment".

1555:

to be accessed by large numbers of people; however, a small subset of people would be interested in a blog on a particular

1191:

by a select few is what propels them to the "popular" side of the graph that combines sociometric and perceived popularity.

1104:

was first published as a blog before being converted to a book and various versions have been available online since 2013.

1232:

to organize results based on their popularity, it presents mainly white young females as a result for the query "beauty".

1002:, or the consensus of mainstream preferences in society. In essence, anything, human or non-human, can be deemed popular. 843: 497: 1747:"What Makes You Think You're so Popular? Self-Evaluation Maintenance and the Subjective Side of the "Friendship Paradox"" 1524:. Relying on others to influence one's own decisions is a very powerful social influence, but can have negative impacts. 1089:

To date, only one comprehensive theory of interpersonal popularity has been proposed: that of A. L. Freedman in the book

162: 128: 1175:

According to Freedman, an individual's place in the social landscape is determined by a combination of three factors:

949: 806: 132: 82: 1077: 1446:

Expressing and acting in genuine ways – others will turn away if they can detect that someone is being fake to them

823: 321: 1824:

Scott, B. A., & Judge, T. A. (2009). The popularity contest at work: Who wins, why, and what do they receive?

2893: 1560: 1344:

According to Talcott Parsons, as rewritten by Fons Trompenaars, there are four main types of culture, marked by:

813: 649: 382: 252: 118: 1559:. In this situation, only Yahoo! would be deemed a popular site by the public. This can additionally be seen in 2878: 1462:

Incorporating others – others feel a sense of trust and belongingness when they are asked for help on a project

1240: 1145: 915: 372: 207: 2751:

Salganik, J. (2006). Experimental Study of Inequality and Unpredictability in and Artificial Cultural Market.

2734: 1714:"The Benefits of Facebook "Friends:" Social Capital and College Students' Use of Online Social Network Sites" 2913: 1513: 1270: 882: 622: 612: 582: 462: 447: 412: 332: 327: 227: 2898: 2151: 607: 537: 527: 507: 492: 422: 392: 312: 217: 1496:

and music, often do not reflect the public's taste, but rather the taste of the first few buyers because

2888: 2707: 2555: 2459: 1303: 838: 663: 592: 567: 472: 397: 357: 317: 302: 267: 240: 167: 1135:

extrapolates the conclusions of this research and applies it to human-human interpersonal interactions.

1439: 1212: 923: 833: 687: 635: 602: 572: 407: 377: 367: 297: 282: 77: 72: 2615:

Theodorson, G. A. (1957). The relationship between leadership and popularity roles in small groups.

2156: 62: 2873: 1501: 707: 452: 352: 190: 177: 2603:

Hawkins, K. (2012). Why Popularity At Work Matters And How To Achieve It. Officepro, 72(2), 22–25.

2659: 2361: 2318: 2310: 2275: 2213: 2124: 2089: 2024: 1980: 1893: 1847: 1766: 1675: 1399: 1128: 1042: 1016: 875: 517: 512: 432: 387: 337: 307: 287: 147: 124: 31: 2064:

Segev, Elad (5 September 2019). "Volume and control: the transition from information to power".

783: 2679: 2494: 2484: 2400: 2390: 2353: 2205: 2142:

Kanazawa, Satoshi; Jody L Kovar (May–June 2004). "Why beautiful people are more intelligent".

2081: 2016: 1926: 911: 735: 699: 679: 659: 617: 597: 427: 417: 347: 197: 142: 2764:

Leskovec, J., Singh, A., and Kleinberg, J. Patterns of Influence in a Recommendation Network.

2386: 2380: 2801: 2669: 2543: 2447: 2345: 2302: 2267: 2240: 2197: 2161: 2116: 2073: 2008: 1972: 1885: 1758: 1725: 1667: 1619: 1497: 1124: 957: 787: 747: 691: 547: 502: 457: 402: 342: 257: 222: 172: 2802: 2185: 2720: 1609: 1217: 1156:

communication; biased interpersonal judgments; cognitive intrusion; and helping behaviour.

999: 795: 791: 775: 755: 683: 671: 560: 532: 477: 437: 202: 152: 2857: 933:

is measured by asking people who the most popular or socially important people in their

2349: 1596: 863: 779: 771: 767: 763: 715: 675: 262: 108: 38: 1291:

depending on several factors, such as the gender and attractiveness of the aggressor.

1019:

popularity and perceived popularity. Prinstein distinguishes between the two types as

2867: 2322: 2279: 2244: 2217: 2128: 2093: 1984: 1889: 1730: 1713: 1679: 1624: 1545: 1404: 1225: 1221: 1025: 919: 751: 739: 723: 719: 645: 157: 103: 2481:

Modeling Dyadic and Interdependent Data in the Developmental and Behavioral Sciences

2028: 1897: 929:

There are two primary types of interpersonal popularity: perceived and sociometric.

2643: 2365: 1797: 1532: 1071: 953: 934: 743: 695: 2700:

The Athenaeum: Journal of Literature, Science, the Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama

2077: 1693:

Blaikie, William Garden (1882). "The Catholic Presbyterian, ed. by W.G. Blaikie".

968: 2628:

Turk, H. (1961). Instrumental values and the popularity of instrumental leaders.

2165: 1784: 1166:

defines eight prototypical student types that can be plotted on the single graph.

2382:

Riding the waves of culture: Understanding cultural diversity in global business

2271: 1614: 1278: 1050: 978:, this image shows one girl behaving with overt aggression towards another girl. 759: 731: 703: 587: 542: 272: 247: 2547: 2451: 2184:

Mulford, Matthew; Orbell, John; Shatto, Catherine; Stockard, Jean (May 1998).

2012: 1976: 1604: 1590: 1586: 1556: 1521: 1065: 858: 292: 212: 2683: 2498: 2435: 2209: 2085: 2020: 1671: 1500:

plays a large role in determining what is popular and what is not through an

1351:

approval/criticism (United Kingdom, Canada, Scandinavia, Germanic countries);

2404: 2293:

Webster Jr., Murray; James E. Driskell Jr. (July 1983). "Beauty as Status".

1850:: Associations of popularity and preference with social roles and behavior. 1153:

Interpersonal attraction (in the broadest sense) results in Input of Energy.

903: 711: 667: 54: 2385:. Hampden-Turner, Charles. (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill. pp. 1655: 1063:

the popular media. Notable works dealing with perceived popularity include

2357: 2258:

Feingold, Alan (March 1992). "Good-looking people are not what we think".

1037:

Sociometric popularity can be defined by how liked an individual is. This

2773:

Anderson, L. and Holt, C. (1997). Information cascades in the laboratory

1564: 1537: 1489: 1229: 2186:"Physical Attractiveness, Opportunity, and Success in Everyday Exchange" 17: 2860:# Dr. A. L. Freedman; PopularityExplained.com, retrieved July 19, 2015. 2843: 2674: 2647: 2314: 1770: 1160:

Sociometric and perceived popularity are correlated but not equivalent.

1046: 98: 2483:. Selig, James P., Little, Todd D. London: Routledge. pp. 61–86. 1149:

attractive people are relative to each other in terms of a percentile.

1552: 2786:

Adamic, L. (2002). Zipf, power-laws, and pareto-a ranking tutorial.

1762: 1139:

A hierarchy of interpersonal attraction exists in all social groups.

2306: 2201: 2120: 1712:

Ellison, Nicole B.; Steinfield, Charles; Lampe, Cliff (July 2007).

2664: 2574:

SVan Zelst, R. H. (1951). Worker popularity and job satisfaction.

1746: 1531: 1239: 967: 37:"Likable" redirects here. For the song by Toshinori Yonekura, see 1656:"McTV: Understanding the Global Popularity of Television Formats" 2739:

Networks: Course blog for INFO 2040/CS 2850/Econ 2040/SOC 2090

1479:

The popularity of objects as a consequence of social influence

2648:"A Bayesian approach for predicting the popularity of tweets" 1846:

Lansu, T. M., & Cillessen, A. N. (2012). Peer status in

1544:

The popularity of many different things can be described by

1923:

Popular: The Power of Likability in a Status-Obsessed World

1348:

love/hate (Middle East, Mediterranean, Latin America);

952:, "Popularity to do with being the middle point of a 2844:"Interpersonal Relations Among Female Adolescents" 2050:(1). University of North Carolina Press: 15. 1929. 2850:, Vol. 58, No. 3 (Jul., 1985), pp. 154–165; 2059: 2057: 1864: 1862: 1860: 2044:University of North Carolina Extension Bulletin 1695:The Catholic Presbyterian, ed. By W.G. Blaikie 2611: 2609: 1871:"Understanding popularity in the peer system" 1357:responsiveness/rejection (the United States). 948:According to psychologist Tessa Lansu at the 883: 8: 2560:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2464:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2440:Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1916: 1914: 1869:Cillessen, Antonius; Amanda J. Rose (2005). 1878:Current Directions in Psychological Science 2823: 2821: 1718:Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 1354:esteem/contempt (Japan, Eastern Asia); and 890: 876: 61: 45: 2673: 2663: 2586: 2584: 2155: 2042:"Correspondence Instruction, 1929–1930". 1729: 2416: 2414: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 2741:. Cornell University. 13 November 2011. 1842: 1840: 1838: 1836: 1834: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1635: 1121:Liking and attraction are not the same. 53: 2814:from the original on 6 September 2018. 2716: 2705: 2553: 2457: 2436:"Ordinal position and peer popularity" 1411:Effects of popularity in the workplace 2646:; Bradlow, Eric T. (September 2014). 2179: 2177: 2175: 1785:"Popularity an unconscious deterrent" 1112:There are four primary concepts that 1058:Perceived popularity or social status 1049:for others, and their willingness to 1033:Sociometric popularity or likeability 7: 1745:Zuckerman, E.W.; Jost, J.T. (2001). 1144:develops a very broad definition of 2829:International Journal of Management 2066:Journal of Multicultural Discourses 2803:"You've got to have (150) friends" 2800:Dunbar, Robin (25 December 2010). 2350:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1995.tb00900.x 1798:Etymology Online entry for Popular 1207:Popularization vs. Personalization 25: 2852:American Sociological Association 1540:over time illustrating Zipf's Law 1364:high schools in the United States 1244:"Popularity" artwork featured in 1162:By combining these two concepts, 1006:Types of interpersonal popularity 2652:The Annals of Applied Statistics 2245:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2005.00317.x 2001:Journal of Youth and Adolescence 1890:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00343.x 1731:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x 1589: 1277:This phenomenon is known as the 986:is borrowed from the Latin term 857: 2434:N.,G, Miller, Maruyama (1976). 1246:East Texas State Normal College 443:Peace, war, and social conflict 2735:"Information Cascade in Music" 2513:The Journal of Negro Education 1965:Social Psychology of Education 1852:Journal of Adolescent Research 30:For the 2006 indie album, see 1: 2295:American Journal of Sociology 2190:American Journal of Sociology 2109:American Journal of Sociology 2078:10.1080/17447143.2019.1662028 1826:Journal of Applied Psychology 1701:. The Oxford University: 127. 1269:Attractiveness, specifically 1183:they are; and the situation. 2775:The American Economic Review 2617:American Sociological Review 2379:Trompenaars, Alfons (1998). 2166:10.1016/j.intell.2004.03.003 1307:used by females than males. 2924:Majority–minority relations 2884:Interpersonal communication 2272:10.1037/0033-2909.111.2.304 1751:Social Psychology Quarterly 950:Radboud University Nijmegen 2940: 2548:10.1037/0012-1649.17.3.344 2452:10.1037/0022-3514.33.2.123 1660:Television & New Media 1561:social networking services 975:Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm 972:From the 1917 silent film 114:Human environmental impact 36: 29: 1977:10.1007/s11218-010-9131-1 2904:Sociological terminology 2536:Developmental Psychology 2479:Card, Noel, ed. (2008). 1921:Mitch Prinstein (2017). 1672:10.1177/1527476404268922 1202:their school as a whole. 1146:interpersonal attraction 1078:Ferris Bueller's Day Off 916:interpersonal attraction 208:Structural functionalism 2919:Biological interactions 2909:Experimental psychology 2013:10.1023/A:1005152515264 1370:Demographic differences 1271:physical attractiveness 1015:psychology recognizes, 918:, and similar factors. 228:Symbolic interactionism 123:Industrial revolutions 2848:Sociology of Education 2422:Sociology Of Education 2260:Psychological Bulletin 1541: 1253: 1222:bias of search engines 1108:Conceptual foundations 1097:"Popularity Explained" 1085:Comprehensive theories 979: 939:Sociometric popularity 218:Social constructionism 1535: 1470:Leadership popularity 1304:Relational aggression 1299:Relational aggression 1243: 971: 593:Conversation analysis 168:Social stratification 2592:Personnel Psychology 2576:Personnel Psychology 1654:S, Waisbord (2004). 1484:Information cascades 1440:mere-exposure effect 1434:Contributing factors 1236:Interpersonal causes 1213:Volume-Control Model 1164:Popularity Explained 1142:Popularity Explained 1133:Popularity Explained 1114:Popularity Explained 1102:Popularity Explained 1091:Popularity Explained 1043:prosocial behaviours 931:Perceived popularity 27:Concept in sociology 2858:"How to be Popular" 1527: 1502:information cascade 1041:is correlated with 178:Social cycle theory 49:Part of a series on 2675:10.1214/14-AOAS741 2233:Social Development 1848:emerging adulthood 1542: 1536:The popularity of 1400:group cohesiveness 1254: 1171:Three-factor model 1129:incentive salience 980: 864:Society portal 487:History of science 468:Race and ethnicity 148:Social environment 32:Popularity (album) 2715:Missing or empty 2424:, 65(3), 169–187. 2338:Child Development 1854:, 27(1), 132–150. 1438:According to the 912:reciprocal liking 900: 899: 618:Social experiment 498:Social psychology 143:Social complexity 16:(Redirected from 2931: 2894:Social influence 2832: 2825: 2816: 2815: 2805: 2797: 2791: 2784: 2778: 2771: 2765: 2762: 2756: 2749: 2743: 2742: 2731: 2725: 2724: 2718: 2713: 2711: 2703: 2694: 2688: 2687: 2677: 2667: 2658:(3): 1583–1611. 2639: 2633: 2626: 2620: 2613: 2604: 2601: 2595: 2588: 2579: 2572: 2566: 2565: 2559: 2551: 2531: 2525: 2522: 2516: 2509: 2503: 2502: 2476: 2470: 2469: 2463: 2455: 2431: 2425: 2418: 2409: 2408: 2376: 2370: 2369: 2333: 2327: 2326: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2255: 2249: 2248: 2228: 2222: 2221: 2196:(6): 1565–1592. 2181: 2170: 2169: 2159: 2139: 2133: 2132: 2115:(4): 1038–1079. 2104: 2098: 2097: 2061: 2052: 2051: 2039: 2033: 2032: 1995: 1989: 1988: 1960: 1937: 1936: 1918: 1909: 1908: 1906: 1904: 1875: 1866: 1855: 1844: 1829: 1822: 1801: 1795: 1789: 1788: 1781: 1775: 1774: 1742: 1736: 1735: 1733: 1724:(4): 1143–1168. 1709: 1703: 1702: 1690: 1684: 1683: 1651: 1645: 1644: 1640: 1620:Social influence 1599: 1594: 1593: 1498:social influence 1340:Cultural factors 1323:Overt aggression 1125:Kent C. Berridge 892: 885: 878: 862: 861: 613:Network analysis 503:Sociocybernetics 493:Social movements 223:Social darwinism 173:Social structure 65: 46: 21: 2939: 2938: 2934: 2933: 2932: 2930: 2929: 2928: 2879:Group processes 2864: 2863: 2840: 2838:Further reading 2835: 2831:, 27(1), 37–51. 2826: 2819: 2799: 2798: 2794: 2785: 2781: 2772: 2768: 2763: 2759: 2755:, 311, 854–856. 2750: 2746: 2733: 2732: 2728: 2714: 2704: 2696: 2695: 2691: 2642:Zaman, Tauhid; 2641: 2640: 2636: 2627: 2623: 2614: 2607: 2602: 2598: 2589: 2582: 2573: 2569: 2552: 2533: 2532: 2528: 2523: 2519: 2510: 2506: 2491: 2478: 2477: 2473: 2456: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2419: 2412: 2397: 2378: 2377: 2373: 2335: 2334: 2330: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2257: 2256: 2252: 2230: 2229: 2225: 2183: 2182: 2173: 2157:10.1.1.106.8858 2141: 2140: 2136: 2106: 2105: 2101: 2063: 2062: 2055: 2041: 2040: 2036: 1997: 1996: 1992: 1962: 1961: 1940: 1933: 1920: 1919: 1912: 1902: 1900: 1873: 1868: 1867: 1858: 1845: 1832: 1828:, 94(1), 20–33. 1823: 1804: 1800:, 5 April 2009. 1796: 1792: 1783: 1782: 1778: 1763:10.2307/3090112 1744: 1743: 1739: 1711: 1710: 1706: 1692: 1691: 1687: 1653: 1652: 1648: 1642: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1610:School bullying 1595: 1588: 1585: 1546:Zipf's powerlaw 1530: 1486: 1481: 1472: 1436: 1427: 1418: 1413: 1395: 1386: 1377: 1372: 1342: 1325: 1301: 1288: 1267: 1238: 1218:personalization 1209: 1173: 1110: 1099: 1087: 1060: 1035: 1008: 1000:popular culture 966: 896: 856: 849: 848: 809: 799: 798: 726: 652: 638: 636:Major theorists 628: 627: 563: 553: 552: 243: 233: 232: 203:Critical theory 198:Conflict theory 193: 183: 182: 153:Social equality 94: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2937: 2935: 2927: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2914:Human behavior 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2866: 2865: 2862: 2861: 2855: 2846:# Donna Eder; 2839: 2836: 2834: 2833: 2817: 2808:New York Times 2792: 2779: 2777:, 87, 847–863. 2766: 2757: 2744: 2726: 2689: 2634: 2632:, 39, 252–260. 2621: 2605: 2596: 2594:, 13, 141–146. 2580: 2567: 2542:(3): 344–350. 2526: 2517: 2515:, 64, 186–185. 2504: 2489: 2471: 2446:(2): 123–131. 2426: 2410: 2395: 2371: 2344:(3): 710–722. 2328: 2307:10.1086/227836 2301:(1): 140–165. 2285: 2266:(2): 304–341. 2250: 2239:(4): 555–573. 2223: 2202:10.1086/231401 2171: 2150:(3): 227–243. 2134: 2121:10.1086/498633 2099: 2072:(3): 240–257. 2053: 2034: 2007:(2): 163–182. 1990: 1938: 1932:978-0399563737 1931: 1910: 1884:(2): 102–105. 1856: 1830: 1802: 1790: 1776: 1757:(3): 207–223. 1737: 1704: 1685: 1666:(4): 359–383. 1646: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1628: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1601: 1600: 1597:Society portal 1584: 1581: 1529: 1526: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1471: 1468: 1467: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1435: 1432: 1426: 1423: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1394: 1391: 1385: 1382: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1359: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1341: 1338: 1324: 1321: 1300: 1297: 1287: 1284: 1266: 1265:Attractiveness 1263: 1237: 1234: 1208: 1205: 1204: 1203: 1199: 1192: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1167: 1157: 1150: 1136: 1109: 1106: 1098: 1095: 1086: 1083: 1059: 1056: 1034: 1031: 1007: 1004: 965: 962: 922:can be due to 898: 897: 895: 894: 887: 880: 872: 869: 868: 867: 866: 851: 850: 847: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 810: 805: 804: 801: 800: 654: 653: 639: 634: 633: 630: 629: 626: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 570: 564: 559: 558: 555: 554: 551: 550: 545: 540: 535: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 325: 315: 310: 305: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 263:Astrosociology 260: 255: 250: 244: 239: 238: 235: 234: 231: 230: 225: 220: 215: 210: 205: 200: 194: 189: 188: 185: 184: 181: 180: 175: 170: 165: 160: 155: 150: 145: 140: 135: 121: 116: 111: 109:Human behavior 106: 101: 95: 92: 91: 88: 87: 86: 85: 80: 75: 67: 66: 58: 57: 51: 50: 39:Likable (song) 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2936: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2899:Social status 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2871: 2869: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2842: 2841: 2837: 2830: 2824: 2822: 2818: 2813: 2809: 2804: 2796: 2793: 2790:, 3, 143–150. 2789: 2788:Glottometrics 2783: 2780: 2776: 2770: 2767: 2761: 2758: 2754: 2748: 2745: 2740: 2736: 2730: 2727: 2722: 2709: 2701: 2693: 2690: 2685: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2644:Fox, Emily B. 2638: 2635: 2631: 2630:Social Forces 2625: 2622: 2618: 2612: 2610: 2606: 2600: 2597: 2593: 2587: 2585: 2581: 2578:, 4, 405–412. 2577: 2571: 2568: 2563: 2557: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2530: 2527: 2521: 2518: 2514: 2508: 2505: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2490:9780805859737 2486: 2482: 2475: 2472: 2467: 2461: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2430: 2427: 2423: 2417: 2415: 2411: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2383: 2375: 2372: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2332: 2329: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2289: 2286: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2254: 2251: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2227: 2224: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2138: 2135: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2103: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2060: 2058: 2054: 2049: 2045: 2038: 2035: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1994: 1991: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1943: 1939: 1934: 1928: 1924: 1917: 1915: 1911: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1872: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1843: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1821: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1794: 1791: 1786: 1780: 1777: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1741: 1738: 1732: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1708: 1705: 1700: 1696: 1689: 1686: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1650: 1647: 1639: 1636: 1630: 1626: 1625:Social status 1623: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1598: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1547: 1539: 1534: 1525: 1523: 1518: 1515: 1514:word-of-mouth 1509: 1505: 1503: 1499: 1493: 1491: 1483: 1478: 1476: 1469: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1444: 1443: 1441: 1433: 1431: 1424: 1422: 1415: 1410: 1408: 1406: 1401: 1392: 1390: 1383: 1381: 1374: 1369: 1367: 1365: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1346: 1345: 1339: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1305: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1274: 1272: 1264: 1262: 1258: 1251: 1247: 1242: 1235: 1233: 1231: 1227: 1226:Google Images 1223: 1219: 1214: 1206: 1200: 1196: 1193: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1170: 1165: 1161: 1158: 1154: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1117: 1115: 1107: 1105: 1103: 1096: 1094: 1092: 1084: 1082: 1080: 1079: 1074: 1073: 1068: 1067: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1032: 1030: 1028: 1027: 1026:social status 1022: 1018: 1013: 1005: 1003: 1001: 995: 991: 989: 985: 977: 976: 970: 963: 961: 959: 955: 951: 946: 944: 940: 936: 932: 927: 925: 921: 920:Social status 917: 913: 909: 905: 893: 888: 886: 881: 879: 874: 873: 871: 870: 865: 860: 855: 854: 853: 852: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 829:Organizations 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 815: 812: 811: 808: 803: 802: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 778: · 777: 774: · 773: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 734: · 733: 730: 727: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 666: · 665: 661: 658: 651: 647: 644: 641: 640: 637: 632: 631: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 583:Computational 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 569: 566: 565: 562: 557: 556: 549: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 488: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 328:Environmental 326: 323: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 278:Consciousness 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 245: 242: 237: 236: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 201: 199: 196: 195: 192: 187: 186: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 159: 158:Social equity 156: 154: 151: 149: 146: 144: 141: 139: 136: 134: 130: 126: 122: 120: 117: 115: 112: 110: 107: 105: 104:Globalization 102: 100: 97: 96: 90: 89: 84: 81: 79: 76: 74: 71: 70: 69: 68: 64: 60: 59: 56: 52: 48: 47: 44: 40: 33: 19: 2889:Anthropology 2847: 2828: 2807: 2795: 2787: 2782: 2774: 2769: 2760: 2752: 2747: 2738: 2729: 2717:|title= 2708:cite journal 2699: 2692: 2655: 2651: 2637: 2629: 2624: 2619:, 22, 58–67. 2616: 2599: 2591: 2575: 2570: 2556:cite journal 2539: 2535: 2529: 2520: 2512: 2507: 2480: 2474: 2460:cite journal 2443: 2439: 2429: 2421: 2381: 2374: 2341: 2337: 2331: 2298: 2294: 2288: 2263: 2259: 2253: 2236: 2232: 2226: 2193: 2189: 2147: 2144:Intelligence 2143: 2137: 2112: 2108: 2102: 2069: 2065: 2047: 2043: 2037: 2004: 2000: 1993: 1971:(1): 23–39. 1968: 1964: 1922: 1901:. Retrieved 1881: 1877: 1851: 1825: 1793: 1779: 1754: 1750: 1740: 1721: 1717: 1707: 1698: 1694: 1688: 1663: 1659: 1649: 1638: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1550: 1543: 1519: 1510: 1506: 1494: 1487: 1473: 1437: 1428: 1419: 1396: 1387: 1378: 1360: 1343: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1302: 1293: 1289: 1275: 1268: 1259: 1255: 1249: 1210: 1194: 1187: 1180: 1176: 1174: 1163: 1159: 1152: 1141: 1138: 1132: 1120: 1113: 1111: 1101: 1100: 1090: 1088: 1076: 1072:Odd Girl Out 1070: 1064: 1061: 1038: 1036: 1024: 1020: 1011: 1009: 996: 992: 987: 983: 981: 973: 964:Introduction 947: 942: 938: 935:social group 930: 928: 907: 901: 814:Bibliography 728: 656: 655: 642: 608:Mathematical 588:Ethnographic 568:Quantitative 253:Architecture 191:Perspectives 163:Social power 137: 43: 1615:Self-esteem 1279:Halo effect 1116:relies on. 1021:likeability 1017:sociometric 956:and having 819:Terminology 788:Baudrillard 664:Tocqueville 578:Comparative 573:Qualitative 543:Victimology 373:Immigration 358:Generations 273:Criminology 2874:Popularity 2868:Categories 2396:0786311258 1925:. Viking. 1903:7 November 1631:References 1605:Peer group 1563:, such as 1557:video game 1528:Zipf's Law 1522:groupthink 1416:Importance 1405:Zipf's Law 1286:Aggression 1179:they are; 1066:Mean Girls 984:popularity 943:vice versa 908:popularity 844:By country 598:Historical 523:Technology 463:Punishment 448:Philosophy 423:Mathematic 413:Literature 378:Industrial 368:Historical 293:Demography 213:Positivism 138:Popularity 93:Key themes 2684:1932-6157 2665:1304.6777 2499:221663023 2323:146349353 2280:144166220 2218:144715112 2210:0002-9602 2152:CiteSeerX 2129:144034385 2094:203088993 2086:1744-7143 2021:0047-2891 1985:145421487 1680:220732538 1051:cooperate 1012:perceived 988:popularis 982:The term 958:influence 924:dominance 904:sociology 660:Martineau 603:Interview 528:Terrorism 508:Sociology 453:Political 393:Knowledge 313:Education 55:Sociology 2812:Archived 2405:37513179 2029:38800770 1898:16566957 1583:See also 1565:Facebook 1538:Facebook 1490:Facebook 1425:Benefits 1375:Maturity 1252:yearbook 1248:'s 1922 1230:PageRank 1224:. While 1127:and his 960:on it." 839:Timeline 824:Journals 792:Bourdieu 784:Habermas 780:Luhmann 776:Foucault 720:Mannheim 700:Durkheim 473:Religion 433:Military 398:Language 383:Internet 338:Feminist 322:Jealousy 308:Economic 303:Disaster 298:Deviance 241:Branches 119:Identity 18:Likeable 2753:Science 2366:6647537 2358:7789197 2315:2779050 1771:3090112 1131:model. 1047:empathy 796:Giddens 794:· 790:· 782:· 770:· 768:Goffman 764:Schoeck 750:· 742:· 718:· 716:Du Bois 714:· 706:· 702:· 694:· 688:Tönnies 686:· 672:Spencer 670:· 648:· 561:Methods 538:Utopian 483:Science 428:Medical 418:Marxist 408:Leisure 318:Emotion 283:Culture 99:Society 78:Outline 73:History 2682: 2497: 2487: 2403: 2393: 2364: 2356: 2321: 2313: 2278: 2216: 2208: 2154: 2127: 2092: 2084: 2027: 2019: 1983: 1929: 1896: 1769: 1678: 1553:Yahoo! 1384:Gender 1250:Locust 1198:liked. 1075:, and 1039:liking 834:People 772:Bauman 752:Nisbet 748:Merton 740:Gehlen 736:Adorno 729:1900s: 704:Addams 696:Simmel 692:Veblen 684:Pareto 676:Le Bon 657:1800s: 650:Sieyès 643:1700s: 623:Survey 548:Visual 458:Public 363:Health 353:Gender 343:Fiscal 333:Family 2702:: 27. 2660:arXiv 2387:97–98 2362:S2CID 2319:S2CID 2311:JSTOR 2276:S2CID 2214:S2CID 2125:S2CID 2090:S2CID 2025:S2CID 1981:S2CID 1894:S2CID 1874:(PDF) 1767:JSTOR 1676:S2CID 1456:walls 1228:uses 954:group 937:are. 807:Lists 756:Mills 732:Fromm 724:Elias 712:Weber 646:Comte 533:Urban 518:Sport 513:Space 478:Rural 438:Music 388:Jewry 288:Death 248:Aging 83:Index 2721:help 2680:ISSN 2562:link 2495:OCLC 2485:ISBN 2466:link 2401:OCLC 2391:ISBN 2354:PMID 2206:ISSN 2082:ISSN 2017:ISSN 1927:ISBN 1905:2012 1393:Race 1211:The 1188:What 1177:what 1023:vs. 760:Bell 744:Aron 708:Mead 680:Ward 668:Marx 348:Food 268:Body 2670:doi 2544:doi 2448:doi 2346:doi 2303:doi 2268:doi 2264:111 2241:doi 2198:doi 2194:103 2162:doi 2117:doi 2113:111 2074:doi 2009:doi 1973:doi 1886:doi 1759:doi 1726:doi 1668:doi 1195:Who 1181:who 902:In 403:Law 258:Art 2870:: 2820:^ 2810:. 2806:. 2737:. 2712:: 2710:}} 2706:{{ 2678:. 2668:. 2654:. 2650:. 2608:^ 2583:^ 2558:}} 2554:{{ 2540:17 2538:. 2493:. 2462:}} 2458:{{ 2444:33 2442:. 2438:. 2413:^ 2399:. 2389:. 2360:. 2352:. 2342:66 2340:. 2317:. 2309:. 2299:89 2297:. 2274:. 2262:. 2237:14 2235:. 2212:. 2204:. 2192:. 2188:. 2174:^ 2160:. 2148:32 2146:. 2123:. 2111:. 2088:. 2080:. 2070:14 2068:. 2056:^ 2046:. 2023:. 2015:. 2005:29 2003:. 1979:. 1969:14 1967:. 1941:^ 1913:^ 1892:. 1882:14 1880:. 1876:. 1859:^ 1833:^ 1805:^ 1765:. 1755:64 1753:. 1749:. 1722:12 1720:. 1716:. 1697:. 1674:. 1662:. 1658:. 1504:. 1492:. 1069:, 1029:. 945:. 914:, 906:, 786:· 766:· 762:· 758:· 754:· 746:· 738:· 722:· 710:· 698:· 690:· 682:· 678:· 674:· 662:· 131:/ 127:/ 2854:. 2723:) 2719:( 2686:. 2672:: 2662:: 2656:8 2564:) 2550:. 2546:: 2501:. 2468:) 2454:. 2450:: 2407:. 2368:. 2348:: 2325:. 2305:: 2282:. 2270:: 2247:. 2243:: 2220:. 2200:: 2168:. 2164:: 2131:. 2119:: 2096:. 2076:: 2048:9 2031:. 2011:: 1987:. 1975:: 1935:. 1907:. 1888:: 1787:. 1773:. 1761:: 1734:. 1728:: 1699:7 1682:. 1670:: 1664:5 891:e 884:t 877:v 489:) 485:( 324:) 320:( 133:5 129:4 125:3 41:. 34:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.