951:
837:
981:
1749:
428:
805:
745:
921:
1767:
627:. Eating large prey can pose a challenge; an elephant shrew struggling with an earthworm must first pin its prey to the ground with a forefoot. Then, turning its head to one side, it chews pieces off with its cheek teeth, much like a dog chewing a bone. This is a sloppy process, and many small pieces of worm drop to the ground; these are simply flicked up with the tongue. Some elephant shrews also feed on small amounts of plant matter, especially new leaves, seeds, and small fruits.
888:
116:
1001:
1782:
144:
442:
346:
574:, one of the driest regions of the earth. Females drive away other females, while males try to ward off other males. Although they live in pairs, the partners do not care much for each other and their sole purpose of even associating with the opposite sex is for reproduction. Social behaviors are not very common and they even have separate nests. The one or two young are well developed at birth; they are able to run within a few hours.
785:
457:
496:
337:
559:
Although mostly diurnal and very active, they are difficult to trap and very seldom seen; elephant shrews are wary, well camouflaged, and adept at dashing away from threats. Several species make a series of cleared pathways through the undergrowth and spend their day patrolling them for insect life.
594:
The thermal characteristics of elephant shrews with similar body size, habitat and distribution are very close in most of the classifications. They can maintain homeothermy in different ambient temperatures where most of the species regulate their body temperature at 35 °C and neither become
507:
Elephant shrews are small, quadrupedal, insectivorous mammals. They have scaly tails, long snouts, and bear a superficial resemblance to shrews or rodents. They have long legs relative to their size, which are used to move from one place to another like rabbits. Elephant shrews use their flexible
590:
After five days, the young's milk diet is supplemented with mashed insects, which are collected and transported in the cheek pouches of the female. The young then slowly start to explore their environment and hunt for insects. After about 15 days, the young will begin the migratory phase of their
581:
similar to that of human females, making it one of the few nonprimate mammals to do so. Elephant shrews were used in the 1940s to study the human menstruation cycle. The elephant shrew mating period lasts for several days. After mating, the pair will return to their solitary habits. After a
950:
515:
They are one of the fastest small mammals, having been recorded to reach speeds of 28.8 kilometres per hour (17.9 mph). They vary in size from about 10 to 30 centimetres (3.9 to 11.8 in), from 50 to 500 grams (1.8 to 17.6 oz). One species of
586:
period varying from 45 to 60 days, the female will bear litters of one to three young several times a year. The young are born relatively well developed, but remain in the nest for several days before venturing outside.
591:
lives, which lessens their dependency on their mother. The young will then establish their own home ranges (about 1 km (0.39 sq mi)) and will become sexually active within 41–46 days.
667:. Although macroscelids were classified in the past with many groups, often on the basis of superficial characteristics, considerable morphological and molecular evidence places them within
623:. While awake, as much as 80% of their time may be spent foraging. An elephant shrew uses its nose to find prey and uses its tongue to flick small food into its mouth, much like an
408:
analysis has revealed that elephant shrews are not properly classified with true shrews, but are in fact more closely related to elephants than to shrews. In 1997, the biologist
3011:
Krásová, Jarmila; Mikula, Ondřej; Šumbera, Radim; Horáková, Sylvie; Robovský, Jan; Kostin, Danila S.; Martynov, Aleksey A.; Lavrenchenko, Leonid A.; Bryja, Josef (2021).
836:
3094:
3151:
Murata, Y.; Nikaido, M.; Sasaki, T.; Cao, Y.; Fukumoto, Y.; Hasegawa, M.; Okada, N. (2003). "Afrotherian phylogeny as inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes".
4633:
4520:
4324:
2123:; Helke Mocke; Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Jean-Claude Rage; Pierre Mein (2014). "Eocene aridity in southwestern Africa: timing of onset and biological consequences".
980:
4559:
4363:
563:
Elephant shrews are solitary animals, despite many species living in monogamous pairs. They share and defend their home territory, which is marked using their
3060:
Agwanda B. R., Rovero F., Lawson L. P., Vernesi C., & Amin R. (2021), "A new subspecies of giant sengi (Macroscelidea: Rhynchocyon) from coastal Kenya",
3180:
Murphy, W.J.; Eizirik, E.; Johnson, W.E.; Zhang, Y.P.; Ryder, O.A.; O'Brien, S.J. (2001). "Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals".
4628:
2814:
2159:
4494:
4298:
4533:
4337:
3838:
471:
They are widely distributed across the southern part of Africa, and although common nowhere, can be found in almost any type of habitat, from the
3327:
257:
2794:
2756:
2510:
2284:
2206:
392:. Their traditional common English name "elephant shrew" comes from a perceived resemblance between their long noses and the trunk of an
3225:
Tabuce, R.; Marivaux, L.; Adaci, M.; Bensalah, M.; Hartenberger, J.-L.; Mahboubi, M.; Mebrouk, F.; Tafforeau, P.; Jaeger, J.-J. (2007).
3013:"The Rufous Sengi is not Elephantulus—Multilocus reconstruction of evolutionary history of sengis from the subfamily Macroscelidinae"
3368:
2582:
678:
In terms of timing, the divergence between macroscelids and afrosoricidans is thought to have occurred roughly 57.5 million years (
123:
4551:
4355:
4538:
4342:
2628:
570:
Short-eared elephant shrews inhabit the dry steppes and stone deserts of southwestern Africa. They can even be found in the
143:
528:. Their lifespans are about two and a half to four years in the wild. They have large canine teeth, and also high-crowned
2300:
Stanhope, M. J.; Waddell, V. G.; Madsen, O.; de Jong, W.; Hedges, S. B.; Cleven, G. C.; Kao, D.; Springer, M. S. (1998).
4094:
4085:
3908:
1989:
1826:
1785:
500:
476:
4546:
4455:
4350:
4246:
4028:
3980:
3953:
3926:
3831:
2230:
Nishihara, Hidenori; Satta, Yoko; Nikaido, Masato; Thewissen, J. G. M.; Stanhope, Michael J.; Okada, Norihiro (2005).
1938:
1889:
1871:
1844:
1748:
1581:
1441:
445:
2188:
4623:
4046:
2929:"Inferring the mammal tree: Species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution and conservation"
2386:
2302:"Molecular evidence for multiple origins of Insectivora and for a new order of endemic African insectivore mammals"
1954:
1752:
1458:
4564:
4368:
3962:
1880:
1385:
4618:
4613:
4170:
4070:
4061:
1970:
1221:
525:
427:
280:
804:
2845:
3944:
1862:
1647:
1123:
460:
3291:
744:
635:
A number of fossil species are known, all from Africa. They were separate from the similar-appearing order
4186:
4136:
3824:
2530:
2060:
1540:
1171:
2718:
Downs, Colleen T.; Perrin, M.R. (1995). "The thermal biology of three southern
African elephant-shrews".
4585:
4389:
4004:
3971:
3361:
1917:
1908:
1630:
920:
480:
4460:
2544:
4251:
1766:
4481:
4446:
4272:
4233:
4145:
3935:
3189:
2425:
2313:
2081:
1853:
1743:
1368:
1335:
4118:
4037:
3917:
2583:"Short-eared elephant-shrew (Macroscelides proboscideus) - A "living fossil" from the Namib-desert"
2008:
1946:
1835:
1673:
1564:
1484:
1318:
1204:
435:
4224:
3816:
3311:
3213:
3042:
2878:"New records of a lost species and a geographic range expansion for sengis in the Horn of Africa"
2837:
2656:
2140:
1154:
138:
2502:
2495:
1000:
655:
115:
4590:
4394:
3108:
Carlen, E.J.; Rathbun, G.B.; Olson, L.E.; Sabuni, C.A.; Stanley, W.T.; Dumbacher, J.P. (2017).
2786:
2780:
1781:
698:
is considered to have separated from
Macroscelidini later in the Oligocene, about 28.5 Ma ago.
595:
hyperthermic but they balance the heat offload by increasing the EWL (evaporative water loss).
4572:
4468:
4376:
4259:
3729:
3256:
3205:
3168:
3135:
3088:
3077:
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2212:
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867:
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215:
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4329:
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3750:
3491:
3428:
3354:
3246:
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3160:
3125:
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2950:
2940:
2899:
2889:
2829:
2727:
2640:
2556:
2443:
2433:
2331:
2321:
2243:
2132:
2090:
887:
521:
409:
345:
131:
2980:"A new species of elephant-shrew (Afrotheria:Macroselidea: Elephantulus) from South Africa"
2196:
4127:
3643:
3544:
3512:
2629:"Classics revisited: C. J. Van der Horst on pregnancy and menstruation in elephant shrews"
2408:
Iwaniuk, A.; Kaufman, J.A.; Turner, G.H.; Holroyd, P.A.; Rovero, F.; Grossman, A. (2013).
2360:
2024:
1770:
946:
900:
883:
784:
672:
578:
417:
386:
240:
225:
3761:(Rats, guinea pigs, squirrels, beavers, chinchillas, porcupines, capybaras and relatives)
3110:"Reconstructing the molecular phylogeny of giant sengis (Macroscelidea; Macroscelididae;
2608:
van der Horst, Cornelius; Gillman, Joseph (1941). "The menstrual cycle in
Elephantulus".
4238:
3193:
2586:
2429:
2317:
456:
3689:
3536:
3520:
3251:
3226:
2955:
2928:
2904:
2877:
2448:
2409:
2120:
495:
3164:
4607:
4019:
3680:
3552:
3046:
2731:
2560:
2490:
2336:
2301:
2273:
2192:
2160:"Chrysochloridae (Mammalia) from the Lutetian (Middle Eocene) of Black Crow, Namibia"
2144:
1983:
1930:
1418:
996:
963:
877:
529:
405:
320:
308:
274:
73:
2841:
2697:
2660:
479:, remains in the semi-arid, mountainous country in the far northwest of Africa. The
336:
3899:
3697:
3627:
3528:
3483:
3227:"Early Tertiary mammals from North Africa reinforce the molecular Afrotheria clade"
3217:
2644:
1820:
1517:
933:
832:
780:
724:
571:
483:
went unobserved from 1968 to 2020 but was rediscovered by a group of scientists in
472:
401:
296:
2414:(Mammalia: Afrotheria: Macroscelidea): Implications for Encephalization in Sengis"
4473:
4264:
2945:
2438:
2136:
4507:
4440:
4311:
4218:
4109:
3737:
3659:
3577:
3130:
3109:
2002:
1964:
1107:
826:
757:
664:
564:
560:
If the animal is disturbed, the pathway provides an obstacle-free escape route.
517:
371:
326:
314:
195:
48:
4431:
17:
3995:
3888:
3766:
3740:(Pigs, camels, hippos, deer, buffalo, gazelles, giraffes, whales and dolphins)
3619:
3462:
3419:
3403:
3073:
2978:
Smit, H.A.; Robinson, T.J.; Watson, J.; Jansen Van Vuuren, B. (October 2008).
1902:
1302:
1064:
976:
800:
714:
668:
636:
620:
616:
612:
421:
302:
266:
205:
93:
58:
4209:
3038:
2568:
686:, while the diversification of extant macroscelids apparently began when the
475:
to boulder-strewn outcrops in South Africa to thick forest. One species, the
4285:
3774:
3721:
3598:
3590:
3470:
3436:
2996:
2979:
2326:
2248:
2216:
1801:
1760:
691:
683:
679:
640:
583:
537:
524:, weighs about 700 g. Compared to other mammalian insectivores, sengis have
512:
to search for food, with the length of the snout varying between species.
509:
155:
98:
42:
3260:
3242:
3209:
3172:
3139:
3081:
2964:
2913:
2652:
2457:
2257:
2231:
2833:
2345:
546:
543:
4425:
4203:
3882:
3870:
3713:
3569:
3397:
653:
that they were initially included with that group, while others, such as
624:
533:
484:
393:
175:
88:
83:
68:
63:
53:
2394:
3790:
3667:
3499:
3409:
3346:
2894:
767:
608:
604:
103:
78:
3029:
3012:
2677:
Rathbun, Galen B. (September 1992). "The Fairly True
Elephant-Shrew".
4512:
4316:
3876:
3864:
3782:
3758:
3606:
3453:
3391:
3378:
3201:
1797:
660:
378:
374:
185:
165:
4499:
4303:
4180:
4290:
3328:"New sengi species is related to an elephant, but small as a mouse"
3651:
3275:
1780:
1765:
1747:
740:
734:
650:
494:
455:
440:
426:
397:
2198:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
639:. A considerable diversification of macroscelids occurred in the
3295:
2201:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 82–85.
420:
of Africa, and in 1998, they were classified into the new clade
4184:
3820:
3350:
2876:
Heritage, S.; Rayaleh, H.; Awaleh, D.G.; Rathbun, G.B. (2020).
3705:
4486:
4277:
2545:"A bibliography of elephant‐shrews or sengis (Macroscelidea)"
2927:
Upham, Nathan S.; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Jetz, Walter (2019).
3017:
Journal of
Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research
2387:"Secrets of the sengi: the world's fastest small mammal"
412:
proposed that they instead be called "sengis" (singular
3231:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
2361:"Elephant shrew rediscovered in Africa after 50 years"
2748:
567:. Scent markings are also used for mate attraction.
4415:
4193:
4107:
4083:
4059:
4017:
3993:
3897:
3749:
3688:
3679:
3618:
3589:
3568:
3511:
3482:
3461:
3452:
3427:
3418:
2543:Rathbun, Galen B.; Woodall, Peter F. (March 2002).
1796:The 20 species of elephant shrew are placed in six
3793:(lorises, lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes, humans)
2494:
2272:
2167:Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia
2125:Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa
3312:"New Species Of Giant Elephant-shrew Discovered"
3294:. California Academy of Sciences. Archived from
2232:"A Retroposon Analysis of Afrotherian Phylogeny"
690:lineage split off about 33 Ma ago, in the early
2871:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2815:"Afrotherian mammals: a review of current data"
2751:. University of California Press. p. 243.
2672:
2670:
2306:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
663:-like. These unusual forms all died out by the
2813:Tabuce, R.; Asher, R. J.; Lehmann, T. (2008).
2410:"Brain Volume of the Newly-Discovered Species
3832:
3362:
2808:
2806:
2610:The South African Journal of Medical Sciences
8:
3093:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4181:
3839:
3825:
3817:
3685:
3586:
3479:
3458:
3424:
3369:
3355:
3347:
2275:The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals
344:
335:
114:
31:
3250:
3129:
3028:
2995:
2954:
2944:
2903:
2893:
2447:
2437:
2335:
2325:
2247:
3700:(Hedgehogs, shrews, moles and relatives)
396:, and their superficial similarity with
2111:
4634:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte
3086:
2782:Mammal Evolution: an illustrated guide
2485:
2483:
2481:
2182:
2180:
3153:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
3118:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
353:Range map of elephant shrew by genus
7:
2501:. New York: Facts on File. pp.
2474:. Online database: EBSCO Publishing.
1076:Cladogram of living elephant shrews
2785:. New York: Facts on File. p.
2779:Savage, RJG & Long, MR (1986).
1622:
1615:
1556:
1532:
1525:
1433:
1426:
1360:
1310:
1296:
1289:
1281:
1274:
1196:
1146:
1139:
1115:
1102:
1094:
1082:
969:
939:
906:
873:
773:
763:
730:
720:
710:
4029:Namib round-eared elephant shrew (
25:
4629:Extant Lutetian first appearances
3732:(Horses, rhinoceroses and tapirs)
577:Female elephant shrews undergo a
2561:10.1046/j.1365-2907.2002.00092.x
2493:B. (1984). Macdonald, D. (ed.).
2385:Davies, Ella (16 January 2014).
2359:Briggs, Helen (18 August 2020).
2018:Rhynchocyon chrysopygus mandelai
999:
979:
949:
919:
886:
835:
803:
783:
743:
400:(family Soricidae) in the order
142:
2236:Molecular Biology and Evolution
124:Black and rufous elephant shrew
27:Family of insectivorous mammals
4095:North African elephant shrew (
3909:Short-snouted elephant shrew (
3314:. Science Daily. February 2008
2645:10.1016/j.placenta.2018.05.010
1:
3981:Western rock elephant shrew (
3954:Eastern rock elephant shrew (
3927:Dusky-footed elephant shrew (
3278:. African Wildlife Foundation
3165:10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00035-6
2745:Cooke, F.; Bruce, J. (2004).
2698:"Short-eared Elephant-Shrews"
2049:Rhynchocyon cirnei hendersoni
4047:Round-eared elephant shrew (
4038:Etendeka round-eared sengi (
2946:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494
2732:10.1016/0306-4565(95)00003-F
2585:. Natur Spot. Archived from
2439:10.1371/journal.pone.0058667
2137:10.1080/0035919X.2014.933452
2044:Rhynchocyon cirnei reichardi
2039:Rhynchocyon cirnei shirensis
1990:North African elephant shrew
1952:Round-eared elephant shrew,
1944:Etendeka round-eared sengi,
1827:Short-snouted elephant shrew
1786:North African elephant shrew
1067:based on molecular evidence
501:North African elephant shrew
477:North African elephant shrew
3963:Karoo rock elephant shrew (
3131:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.05.012
2497:The Encyclopedia of Mammals
2070:Rhynchocyon petersi petersi
2054:Rhynchocyon cirnei macrurus
1890:Western rock elephant shrew
1872:Eastern rock elephant shrew
1845:Dusky-footed elephant shrew
1285: Macroscelidini
603:Elephant shrews mainly eat
446:Eastern rock elephant shrew
416:), a term derived from the
4650:
4071:Four-toed elephant shrew (
3769:(Rabbits, hares and pikas)
3724:(Dogs, cats and relatives)
3630:(Tenrecs and golden moles)
3292:"Sengis (Elephant-Shrews)"
2720:Journal of Thermal Biology
2279:. London: Academic Press.
2075:Rhynchocyon petersi adersi
1757:Macroscelides proboscideus
1753:Round-eared elephant shrew
1741:
381:, belonging to the family
4167:
3945:Bushveld elephant shrew (
3859:
3555:(Kangaroos and relatives)
3386:
3074:10.11646/zootaxa.4948.2.5
2034:Rhynchocyon cirnei cirnei
1936:Namib round-eared sengi,
1881:Karoo rock elephant shrew
1775:Petrodromus tetradactylus
1670:
1644:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1578:
1561:
1554:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1481:
1455:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1386:Petrodromus tetradactylus
1382:
1365:
1358:
1332:
1315:
1308:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1272:
1218:
1201:
1194:
1168:
1151:
1144:
1137:
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1100:
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994:
974:
967:
944:
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914:
904:
881:
871:
830:
798:
778:
771:
761:
738:
728:
718:
352:
343:
334:
293:
288:
272:
265:
139:Scientific classification
137:
122:
113:
34:
4137:Black and rufous sengi (
3547:(Bilbies and bandicoots)
2412:Rhynchocyon udzungwensis
2187:Schlitter, D.A. (2005).
2158:Martin Pickford (2015).
1971:Four-toed elephant shrew
4005:Somali elephant shrew (
3972:Rufous elephant shrew (
3965:Elephantulus pilicaudus
3439:(Platypus and echidnas)
3068:(2): zootaxa.4948.2.5,
2997:10.1644/07-MAMM-A-254.1
2533:, June 2005. pp. 26-28.
2472:Encyclopedia of Animals
2327:10.1073/pnas.95.17.9967
1863:Bushveld elephant shrew
526:relatively large brains
461:Bushveld elephant shrew
3936:Dusky elephant shrew (
3670:(Dugongs and manatees)
3609:(Anteaters and sloths)
3243:10.1098/rspb.2006.0229
2195:; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
2061:Black and rufous sengi
1814:Family Macroscelididae
1793:
1778:
1763:
643:period. Some, such as
504:
468:
453:
438:
4586:Paleobiology Database
4390:Paleobiology Database
4119:Golden-rumped sengi (
3918:Cape elephant shrew (
3539:(Quolls and dunnarts)
2834:10.1515/MAMM.2008.004
2627:Carter, A.M. (2018).
2249:10.1093/molbev/msi179
2189:"Order Macroscelidea"
1918:Rufous elephant shrew
1909:Somali elephant shrew
1800:, three of which are
1784:
1769:
1751:
649:, were so similar to
498:
481:Somali elephant shrew
459:
444:
430:
2984:Journal of Mammalogy
2527:Shrewd Configuration
2271:Kingdon, J. (1997).
1854:Dusky elephant shrew
1790:Petrosaltator rozeti
1744:List of macroscelids
1369:Petrosaltator rozeti
555:Behavior and ecology
532:similar to those of
4146:Stuhlmann's sengi (
3237:(1614): 1159–1166.
3194:2001Natur.409..614M
2430:2013PLoSO...858667K
2318:1998PNAS...95.9967S
2009:Golden-rumped sengi
1836:Cape elephant shrew
1809:ORDER MACROSCELIDEA
682:) ago, in the late
450:Elephantulus myurus
436:Museum of Osteology
128:Rhynchocyon petersi
4155:Grey-faced sengi (
3523:(Monito del monte)
2895:10.7717/peerj.9652
2525:Conniff, Richard.
1794:
1779:
1764:
659:, were relatively
505:
469:
454:
439:
4624:Mammals of Africa
4601:
4600:
4573:Open Tree of Life
4377:Open Tree of Life
4187:Taxon identifiers
4178:
4177:
4128:Chequered sengi (
3911:E. brachyrhynchus
3852:
3851:(elephant shrews)
3814:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3794:
3786:
3778:
3770:
3762:
3741:
3733:
3725:
3717:
3709:
3701:
3671:
3663:
3655:
3647:
3639:
3638:(Elephant shrews)
3631:
3610:
3602:
3583:
3564:
3563:
3556:
3548:
3540:
3532:
3531:(Marsupial moles)
3529:Notoryctemorphia
3524:
3503:
3495:
3492:Paucituberculata
3476:
3448:
3447:
3440:
3332:Los Angeles Times
3188:(6820): 614–618.
3030:10.1111/jzs.12460
2796:978-0-8160-1194-0
2758:978-0-520-24406-1
2512:978-0-87196-871-5
2312:(17): 9967–9972.
2286:978-0-691-11692-1
2208:978-0-8018-8221-0
2119:Martin Pickford;
2082:Stuhlmann's sengi
1831:E. brachyrhynchus
1735:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1721:
1720:
1712:
1711:
1703:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1685:
1684:
1659:
1658:
1602:
1601:
1593:
1592:
1582:E. brachyrhynchus
1505:
1504:
1496:
1495:
1470:
1469:
1406:
1405:
1397:
1396:
1347:
1346:
1260:
1259:
1251:
1250:
1242:
1241:
1233:
1232:
1183:
1182:
1071:
1070:
1057:
1056:
1048:
1047:
1039:
1038:
1030:
1029:
1021:
1020:
1012:
1011:
868:Afroinsectiphilia
857:
856:
848:
847:
816:
815:
671:, at the base of
357:
356:
261:
244:
216:Afroinsectiphilia
16:(Redirected from
4641:
4594:
4593:
4581:
4580:
4568:
4567:
4555:
4554:
4542:
4541:
4529:
4528:
4516:
4515:
4503:
4502:
4490:
4489:
4477:
4476:
4464:
4463:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4408:
4407:
4398:
4397:
4385:
4384:
4372:
4371:
4359:
4358:
4346:
4345:
4333:
4332:
4320:
4319:
4307:
4306:
4294:
4293:
4281:
4280:
4268:
4267:
4255:
4254:
4242:
4241:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4182:
4073:P. tetradactylus
4031:M. flavicaudatus
3850:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3818:
3792:
3784:
3776:
3768:
3760:
3751:Euarchontoglires
3739:
3731:
3723:
3715:
3707:
3699:
3686:
3669:
3661:
3653:
3645:
3637:
3629:
3608:
3600:
3587:
3582:
3581:
3573:
3554:
3546:
3545:Peramelemorphia
3538:
3530:
3522:
3501:
3500:Didelphimorphia
3494:(Shrew opossums)
3493:
3480:
3475:
3474:
3466:
3459:
3438:
3429:Australosphenida
3425:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3348:
3343:
3341:
3339:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3276:"Elephant Shrew"
3264:
3254:
3221:
3202:10.1038/35054550
3176:
3144:
3143:
3133:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3092:
3084:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3032:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2990:(5): 1257–1269.
2975:
2969:
2968:
2958:
2948:
2939:(12): e3000494.
2924:
2918:
2917:
2907:
2897:
2873:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2850:
2844:. Archived from
2819:
2810:
2801:
2800:
2776:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2674:
2665:
2664:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2540:
2534:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2500:
2487:
2476:
2475:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2451:
2441:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2393:. Archived from
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2339:
2329:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2278:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2251:
2242:(9): 1823–1833.
2227:
2221:
2220:
2184:
2175:
2174:
2164:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2116:
2091:Grey-faced sengi
1975:P. tetradactylus
1939:M. flavicaudatus
1623:
1616:
1557:
1533:
1526:
1442:M. flavicaudatus
1434:
1427:
1361:
1311:
1297:
1290:
1282:
1275:
1270:Macroscelidinae
1197:
1147:
1140:
1116:
1103:
1098:Rhynchocyoninae
1095:
1083:
1073:
1072:
1003:
983:
970:
953:
940:
923:
907:
890:
874:
839:
807:
787:
774:
764:
747:
731:
721:
711:
706:
705:
550:
549:
548:
545:
522:grey-faced sengi
410:Jonathan Kingdon
348:
339:
256:
239:
147:
146:
132:Philadelphia Zoo
118:
108:
45:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
4649:
4648:
4644:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4619:Afroinsectivora
4614:Elephant shrews
4604:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4589:
4584:
4576:
4571:
4563:
4558:
4550:
4545:
4537:
4532:
4524:
4519:
4511:
4506:
4498:
4493:
4485:
4480:
4472:
4467:
4459:
4454:
4447:Macroscelididae
4445:
4444:
4439:
4430:
4429:
4424:
4417:Macroscelididae
4411:
4403:
4401:
4393:
4388:
4380:
4375:
4367:
4362:
4354:
4349:
4341:
4336:
4328:
4323:
4315:
4310:
4302:
4297:
4289:
4284:
4276:
4271:
4263:
4258:
4250:
4245:
4239:Macroscelididae
4237:
4232:
4223:
4222:
4217:
4208:
4207:
4202:
4189:
4179:
4174:
4163:
4157:R. udzungwensis
4103:
4079:
4055:
4049:M. proboscideus
4013:
3989:
3893:
3855:
3845:
3815:
3798:
3745:
3730:Perissodactyla
3675:
3614:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3560:
3537:Dasyuromorphia
3521:Microbiotheria
3513:Australidelphia
3507:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3444:
3414:
3382:
3375:
3337:
3335:
3326:
3317:
3315:
3310:
3301:
3299:
3290:
3281:
3279:
3274:
3271:
3224:
3179:
3150:
3147:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3085:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3010:
3009:
3005:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2875:
2874:
2863:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2817:
2812:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2702:
2700:
2696:Unger, Regina.
2695:
2694:
2690:
2679:Natural History
2676:
2675:
2668:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2592:
2590:
2589:on 19 July 2011
2581:
2580:
2576:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2524:
2520:
2513:
2489:
2488:
2479:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2367:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2287:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2209:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2162:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2095:R. udzungwensis
2025:Chequered sengi
1955:M. proboscideus
1771:Four-toed sengi
1746:
1740:
1731:
1722:
1713:
1704:
1695:
1686:
1660:
1603:
1594:
1506:
1497:
1471:
1459:M. proboscideus
1407:
1398:
1348:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1222:R. udzungwensis
1184:
1088:Macroscelididae
1063:A cladogram of
1058:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1022:
1013:
947:Chrysochloridae
917:Macroscelididae
901:Afroinsectivora
884:Orycteropodidae
858:
849:
817:
704:
673:Afroinsectivora
633:
601:
579:menstrual cycle
557:
542:
541:
493:
418:Bantu languages
383:Macroscelididae
360:Elephant shrews
324:
318:
312:
306:
300:
284:
278:
255:
253:Macroscelididae
238:
226:Afroinsectivora
141:
109:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
18:Macroscelididae
15:
12:
11:
5:
4647:
4645:
4637:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4606:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4595:
4582:
4569:
4556:
4543:
4530:
4517:
4504:
4491:
4478:
4465:
4452:
4437:
4421:
4419:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4399:
4386:
4373:
4360:
4347:
4334:
4321:
4308:
4295:
4282:
4269:
4256:
4243:
4230:
4215:
4199:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4176:
4175:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4152:
4143:
4134:
4125:
4121:R. chrysopygus
4115:
4113:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4091:
4089:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4067:
4065:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4044:
4035:
4025:
4023:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4001:
3999:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3978:
3969:
3960:
3951:
3942:
3933:
3924:
3915:
3905:
3903:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3885:
3879:
3873:
3867:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3849:Macroscelidea
3846:
3844:
3843:
3836:
3829:
3821:
3812:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3788:
3780:
3772:
3764:
3755:
3753:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3735:
3727:
3719:
3711:
3703:
3694:
3692:
3690:Laurasiatheria
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3665:
3657:
3649:
3644:Tubulidentata
3641:
3636:Macroscelidea
3633:
3624:
3622:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3604:
3595:
3593:
3584:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3553:Diprotodontia
3550:
3542:
3534:
3526:
3517:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3497:
3488:
3486:
3477:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3433:
3431:
3422:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3394:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3366:
3359:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3324:
3308:
3298:on 10 May 2013
3288:
3270:
3269:External links
3267:
3266:
3265:
3222:
3177:
3159:(2): 253–260.
3146:
3145:
3100:
3052:
3023:(4): 918–932.
3003:
2970:
2919:
2861:
2802:
2795:
2771:
2757:
2737:
2726:(6): 445–450.
2710:
2688:
2666:
2619:
2600:
2574:
2535:
2518:
2511:
2491:Rathbun, Galen
2477:
2463:
2400:
2397:on 2014-01-16.
2377:
2351:
2292:
2285:
2263:
2222:
2207:
2176:
2150:
2131:(3): 139–144.
2121:Brigitte Senut
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2088:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2013:R. chrysopygus
1998:
1997:
1996:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1950:
1942:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1915:
1898:
1897:
1896:
1887:
1878:
1869:
1860:
1851:
1842:
1833:
1742:Main article:
1739:
1738:Classification
1736:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1626:
1621:
1619:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1560:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1536:
1531:
1529:
1524:
1522:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1425:
1423:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1314:
1309:
1307:
1295:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1280:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1150:
1145:
1143:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1124:R. chrysopygus
1119:
1114:
1112:
1101:
1099:
1093:
1091:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1069:
1068:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1005:
993:
990:
989:
986:
985:
973:
968:
966:
960:
959:
956:
955:
943:
938:
936:
930:
929:
926:
925:
913:
905:
903:
897:
896:
893:
892:
880:
872:
870:
864:
863:
860:
859:
855:
854:
851:
850:
846:
845:
842:
841:
829:
823:
822:
819:
818:
814:
813:
810:
809:
797:
794:
793:
790:
789:
777:
772:
770:
762:
760:
754:
753:
750:
749:
737:
729:
727:
719:
717:
709:
703:
700:
632:
629:
600:
599:Feeding habits
597:
556:
553:
538:dental formula
492:
489:
452:, South Africa
364:jumping shrews
362:, also called
355:
354:
350:
349:
341:
340:
332:
331:
291:
290:
286:
285:
279:
270:
269:
263:
262:
250:
246:
245:
233:
229:
228:
223:
219:
218:
213:
209:
208:
203:
199:
198:
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
135:
134:
120:
119:
111:
110:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
46:
37:
35:Elephant shrew
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4646:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4592:
4587:
4583:
4579:
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4570:
4566:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4548:
4544:
4540:
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4509:
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4496:
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4466:
4462:
4457:
4453:
4448:
4442:
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4418:
4414:
4406:
4400:
4396:
4391:
4387:
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4370:
4365:
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4348:
4344:
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4318:
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4309:
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4300:
4296:
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4287:
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4279:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4235:
4231:
4226:
4225:Macroscelidea
4220:
4216:
4211:
4205:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4195:Macroscelidea
4192:
4188:
4183:
4173:
4172:
4166:
4160:
4158:
4153:
4151:
4149:
4148:R. stuhlmanni
4144:
4142:
4140:
4135:
4133:
4131:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4100:
4098:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4086:Petrosaltator
4082:
4076:
4074:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4058:
4052:
4050:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4036:
4034:
4032:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4022:
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4020:Macroscelides
4016:
4010:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3986:
3984:
3979:
3977:
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3966:
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3779:
3773:
3771:
3765:
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3754:
3752:
3748:
3742:
3738:Artiodactyla
3736:
3734:
3728:
3726:
3720:
3718:
3712:
3710:
3704:
3702:
3698:Eulipotyphla
3696:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3681:Boreoeutheria
3678:
3672:
3666:
3664:
3658:
3656:
3650:
3648:
3642:
3640:
3634:
3632:
3628:Afrosoricida
3626:
3625:
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3621:
3617:
3611:
3605:
3603:
3597:
3596:
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3405:
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3333:
3329:
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3313:
3309:
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3141:
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3119:
3115:
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3104:
3101:
3096:
3090:
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2866:
2862:
2851:on 2021-02-24
2847:
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2601:
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2549:Mammal Review
2546:
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2467:
2464:
2459:
2455:
2450:
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2431:
2427:
2424:(3): e58667.
2423:
2419:
2415:
2413:
2404:
2401:
2396:
2392:
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2378:
2366:
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2200:
2199:
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2190:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2151:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2112:
2106:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2086:R. stuhlmanni
2083:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1984:Petrosaltator
1980:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1931:Macroscelides
1927:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1885:E. pilicaudus
1882:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1846:
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1737:
1726:
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1699:
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1677:
1676:
1675:
1668:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1648:E. pilicaudus
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1625:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1598:
1597:
1589:
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1576:
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1568:
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1559:
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1542:
1535:
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1514:
1513:
1510:
1509:
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1500:
1492:
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1478:
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1462:
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1460:
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1452:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1436:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1421:
1420:
1419:Macroscelides
1415:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1402:
1401:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1379:
1376:
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1372:
1371:
1370:
1363:
1362:
1356:
1355:
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1339:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1247:
1246:
1238:
1237:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1199:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1172:R. stuhlmanni
1166:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1149:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1097:
1096:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1053:
1052:
1044:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1026:
1025:
1017:
1016:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1002:
998:
997:Potamogalidae
992:
991:
988:
987:
984:
982:
978:
972:
971:
965:
964:Tenrecomorpha
962:
961:
958:
957:
954:
952:
948:
942:
941:
935:
932:
931:
928:
927:
924:
922:
918:
912:
911:Macroscelidea
909:
908:
902:
899:
898:
895:
894:
891:
889:
885:
879:
878:Tubulidentata
876:
875:
869:
866:
865:
862:
861:
853:
852:
844:
843:
840:
838:
834:
828:
825:
824:
821:
820:
812:
811:
808:
806:
802:
796:
795:
792:
791:
788:
786:
782:
776:
775:
769:
766:
765:
759:
756:
755:
752:
751:
748:
746:
742:
736:
733:
732:
726:
723:
722:
716:
713:
712:
708:
707:
701:
699:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
657:
652:
648:
647:
642:
638:
630:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
598:
596:
592:
588:
585:
580:
575:
573:
568:
566:
561:
554:
552:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
513:
511:
502:
497:
490:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
466:
462:
458:
451:
447:
443:
437:
433:
429:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
390:Macroscelidea
388:
384:
380:
376:
373:
372:insectivorous
369:
365:
361:
351:
347:
342:
338:
333:
330:
329:
328:
323:
322:
321:Petrosaltator
317:
316:
311:
310:
309:Macroscelides
305:
304:
299:
298:
292:
287:
282:
277:
276:
275:Macroscelides
271:
268:
264:
259:
254:
251:
248:
247:
242:
237:
236:Macroscelidea
234:
231:
230:
227:
224:
221:
220:
217:
214:
211:
210:
207:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
145:
140:
136:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
112:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
44:
33:
30:
19:
4416:
4194:
4169:
4156:
4147:
4138:
4129:
4120:
4108:
4096:
4084:
4072:
4060:
4048:
4039:
4030:
4018:
4006:
3994:
3983:E. rupestris
3982:
3974:E. rufescens
3973:
3964:
3955:
3946:
3937:
3928:
3919:
3910:
3900:Elephantulus
3898:
3848:
3777:(Treeshrews)
3660:Proboscidea
3635:
3601:(Armadillos)
3484:Ameridelphia
3437:Monotremata
3336:. Retrieved
3331:
3316:. Retrieved
3300:. Retrieved
3296:the original
3280:. Retrieved
3234:
3230:
3185:
3181:
3156:
3152:
3121:
3117:
3111:
3103:
3065:
3061:
3055:
3020:
3016:
3006:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2936:
2932:
2922:
2885:
2881:
2853:. Retrieved
2846:the original
2825:
2821:
2781:
2774:
2762:. Retrieved
2747:
2740:
2723:
2719:
2713:
2701:. Retrieved
2691:
2682:
2678:
2636:
2632:
2622:
2613:
2609:
2603:
2591:. Retrieved
2587:the original
2577:
2555:(1): 66–70.
2552:
2548:
2538:
2526:
2521:
2496:
2471:
2466:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2403:
2395:the original
2390:
2380:
2368:. Retrieved
2364:
2354:
2309:
2305:
2295:
2274:
2266:
2239:
2235:
2225:
2197:
2193:Wilson, D.E.
2170:
2166:
2153:
2128:
2124:
2114:
2094:
2085:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2017:
2012:
2001:
1993:
1982:
1974:
1963:
1953:
1945:
1937:
1929:
1922:G. rufescens
1921:
1912:
1901:
1894:E. rupestris
1893:
1884:
1875:
1866:
1857:
1848:
1839:
1830:
1821:Elephantulus
1819:
1813:
1808:
1795:
1789:
1777:, Mozambique
1774:
1756:
1672:
1671:
1646:
1645:
1629:
1628:
1580:
1579:
1563:
1562:
1541:E. rupestris
1539:
1538:
1518:Elephantulus
1516:
1483:
1482:
1457:
1456:
1440:
1439:
1417:
1384:
1383:
1367:
1366:
1336:G. rufescens
1334:
1333:
1317:
1316:
1301:
1220:
1219:
1203:
1202:
1170:
1169:
1153:
1152:
1122:
1121:
1106:
1087:
995:
975:
945:
934:Afrosoricida
916:
915:
910:
882:
833:Elephantidae
831:
799:
781:Trichechidae
779:
739:
725:Paenungulata
696:Elephantulus
695:
687:
677:
654:
644:
634:
602:
593:
589:
576:
572:Namib Desert
569:
565:scent glands
562:
558:
514:
506:
499:Skeleton of
473:Namib Desert
470:
464:
449:
431:
413:
406:phylogenetic
402:Eulipotyphla
389:
382:
370:, are small
367:
363:
359:
358:
325:
319:
313:
307:
301:
297:Elephantulus
295:
294:
273:
252:
235:
212:Grandorder:
202:Superorder:
192:Infraclass:
127:
29:
4508:iNaturalist
4441:Wikispecies
4312:iNaturalist
4219:Wikispecies
4110:Rhynchocyon
4062:Petrodromus
4007:G. revoilii
3929:E. fuscipes
3920:E. edwardii
3887:Superorder
3881:Infraclass
3783:Dermoptera
3775:Scandentia
3767:Lagomorpha
3716:(Pangolins)
3706:Chiroptera
3662:(Elephants)
3652:Hyracoidea
3408:(unranked)
3334:. June 2014
3124:: 150–160.
3112:Rhynchocyon
2685:. New York.
2531:Smithsonian
2003:Rhynchocyon
1965:Petrodromus
1913:G. revoilii
1849:E. fuscipes
1840:E. edwardii
1631:E. edwardii
1319:G. revoilii
1108:Rhynchocyon
827:Proboscidea
758:Tethytheria
741:Procaviidae
688:Rhynchocyon
665:Pleistocene
530:cheek teeth
518:giant sengi
510:proboscises
491:Description
404:. However,
327:Rhynchocyon
315:Petrodromus
196:Placentalia
4608:Categories
4139:R. petersi
3996:Galegeeska
3889:Afrotheria
3722:Carnivora
3714:Pholidota
3646:(Aardvark)
3620:Afrotheria
3599:Cingulata
3580:inclusive)
3502:(Opossums)
3473:inclusive)
3463:Metatheria
3420:Yinotheria
3404:Vertebrata
3402:Subphylum
3318:1 February
3282:1 February
2855:2020-08-15
2703:1 February
2593:1 February
2391:BBC Nature
2173:: 105–113.
2107:References
2065:R. petersi
1903:Galegeeska
1303:Galegeeska
1205:R. petersi
1065:Afrotheria
977:Tenrecidae
801:Dugongidae
735:Hyracoidea
715:Afrotheria
669:Afrotheria
656:Mylomygale
637:Leptictida
621:earthworms
617:millipedes
613:centipedes
434:skeleton,
432:R. petersi
422:Afrotheria
377:native to
303:Galegeeska
267:Type genus
222:Mirorder:
206:Afrotheria
41:48–0
4130:R. cirnei
4097:P. rozeti
3956:E. myurus
3947:E. intufi
3938:E. fuscus
3791:Primates
3785:(Colugos)
3759:Rodentia
3654:(Hyraxes)
3591:Xenarthra
3578:Placental
3471:Marsupial
3302:1 October
3047:233667864
3039:1439-0469
2933:PLOS Biol
2888:: e9652.
2639:: 24–30.
2569:0305-1838
2370:19 August
2145:128423895
2029:R. cirnei
1994:P. rozeti
1876:E. myurus
1867:E. intufi
1858:E. fuscus
1802:monotypic
1792:, Morocco
1761:Basel Zoo
1674:E. myurus
1565:E. intufi
1155:R. cirnei
702:Phylogeny
692:Oligocene
684:Paleocene
641:Paleogene
631:Evolution
584:gestation
547:3.1.4.2-3
544:1-3.1.4.2
534:ungulates
467:, Namibia
465:E. intufi
385:, in the
258:Bonaparte
162:Kingdom:
156:Eukaryota
4552:11200002
4432:Q9324400
4426:Wikidata
4356:11200001
4204:Wikidata
4171:Category
4040:M. micus
3883:Eutheria
3877:Mammalia
3871:Chordata
3865:Animalia
3863:Kingdom
3668:Sirenia
3570:Eutheria
3398:Chordata
3392:Animalia
3390:Kingdom
3261:17329227
3210:11214319
3173:12878462
3140:28552433
3089:citation
3082:33757027
2965:31800571
2914:32879790
2842:46133294
2828:: 2–14.
2822:Mammalia
2764:2 August
2661:49414099
2653:29941170
2633:Placenta
2616:: 27–47.
2458:23516530
2418:PLOS ONE
2365:BBC News
2258:15930154
2217:62265494
1947:M. micus
1485:M. micus
646:Myohyrax
625:anteater
536:. Their
485:Djibouti
394:elephant
281:A. Smith
249:Family:
186:Mammalia
176:Chordata
172:Phylum:
166:Animalia
152:Domain:
4210:Q129513
3869:Phylum
3854:species
3847:Extant
3607:Pilosa
3410:Amniota
3396:Phylum
3377:Extant
3252:2189562
3218:4373847
3190:Bibcode
3062:Zootaxa
2956:6892540
2905:7441985
2503:730–733
2449:3596274
2426:Bibcode
2346:9707584
2314:Bibcode
1521:
1422:
1306:
1111:
1090:
768:Sirenia
651:hyraxes
609:spiders
605:insects
375:mammals
289:Genera
232:Order:
182:Class:
4578:604022
4539:584894
4526:104870
4405:106327
4402:uBio:
4382:604023
4343:584892
4291:1MACRO
3875:Class
3708:(Bats)
3454:Theria
3381:orders
3379:mammal
3338:1 June
3259:
3249:
3216:
3208:
3182:Nature
3171:
3138:
3080:
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2963:
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2000:Genus
1981:Genus
1962:Genus
1928:Genus
1900:Genus
1818:Genus
1798:genera
1515:
1416:
1300:
1086:
661:rodent
619:, and
520:, the
398:shrews
379:Africa
368:sengis
283:, 1829
260:, 1838
243:, 1956
241:Butler
4591:40298
4565:28735
4521:IRMNG
4513:43209
4395:40297
4369:28734
4330:10419
4325:IRMNG
4317:43208
3214:S2CID
3043:S2CID
2882:PeerJ
2849:(PDF)
2838:S2CID
2818:(PDF)
2657:S2CID
2337:21445
2191:. In
2163:(PDF)
2141:S2CID
414:sengi
387:order
4560:NCBI
4534:ITIS
4500:9391
4495:GBIF
4487:1685
4461:1589
4456:BOLD
4364:NCBI
4338:ITIS
4304:1453
4299:GBIF
4286:EPPO
4278:1684
4247:BOLD
3340:2014
3320:2010
3304:2012
3284:2010
3257:PMID
3206:PMID
3169:PMID
3136:PMID
3095:link
3078:PMID
3066:4948
3035:ISSN
2961:PMID
2910:PMID
2791:ISBN
2766:2024
2753:ISBN
2705:2010
2649:PMID
2595:2010
2565:ISSN
2507:ISBN
2454:PMID
2372:2020
2342:PMID
2281:ISBN
2254:PMID
2213:OCLC
2203:ISBN
49:PreꞒ
4547:MSW
4482:EoL
4474:CBH
4469:CoL
4351:MSW
4273:EoL
4265:3HH
4260:CoL
4252:360
4234:ADW
3247:PMC
3239:doi
3235:274
3198:doi
3186:409
3161:doi
3126:doi
3122:113
3070:doi
3025:doi
2992:doi
2951:PMC
2941:doi
2900:PMC
2890:doi
2830:doi
2728:doi
2683:101
2641:doi
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