91:(June 25th, 1923 – March 19th, 1998), also known by several other names such as Hamsananda Sarasvati, Imam Mahdi Manarah, Melkitsedeq, and "His Holiness Lord Hamsah Manarahthe(Manarah)", is the founder of the Aumist movement. He was born in Martinique. Bourdin spent time in the French Civil Service before engaging in a spiritual journey that led him to Aumism. Bourdin founded the Aumist movement in the mid-to-late 1900s after immersing himself in many religions; namely
171:" wielding a sword and shield, constructed in 1987. In 1990, a 33-meter statue of Bourdin was constructed at Mandarom. The legitimacy of the building permit was later challenged, and eventually, in June 2000, the statue was deemed illegal after a long legal dispute. As a result, it was demolished by the authorities on 6 September 2001. The sect denounced the demolition of Bourdin's statue, saying that it was comparable to the destruction of the
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In 1994, Florence
Roncaglia, a former member of the Aumists accused Bourdin of molesting her in the 1980s when she was 15. On June 12, 1995, a raid on Mandarom took place and Bourdin was arrested. He was released on June 30, 1995. Bourdin remained awaiting trial until his death in 1998. Others came
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The
Aumists believe that the Earth is itself a living being, and that every animal is connected to a group soul. Aumists are told not to cause animals to suffer. They also believe in several "ages" of time, like the Golden Age, Silver Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Copper age. Aumists also reject
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in 1961 where he was initiated as a sannyasin and received the name
Hamsananda Sarasvati. This marked the beginning of a spiritual journey, where Bourdin spent time learning from and practicing multiple religions. Bourdin returned to France in 1962 where he spent that winter in a cave in
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In a 1996 report released by a commission of the French government, the
Aumists at Mandarom were included on a list of 172 "dangerous" cults. The French government's anti-cultism was heightened after the suicide-homicides at the
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204:(ADFI). Between 1992 and 1995, Mandarom was raided by French police officers on several occasions where Bourdin and other members were repeatedly arrested.
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After his death in March of 1998, Bourdin was prohibited from being buried at
Mandarom by the French government. His body was then to be buried in
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of
Mandarom. At a ceremony on August 22, 1990, years after the foundation of the Aumist Movement, Bourdin was crowned "Cosmoplanetary Messiah".
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in the French Alps, it has approximately 400 members, down from 1200 at its peak. It is a synthesis of a number of religions, most prominently
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in 1994. In the 1990s, French television networks publicly attacked the
Aumists and government-backed anti-cultists like
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is a minor religious sect founded in 1969 by
Gilbert Bourdin (1923–1998). Centered on the "holy city" of Mandarom, near
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forward and in 2000 two people were paid a total of 250,000 French Francs by the Victim
Compensation Commission.
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Evolution is a law which dictates that every being must have the attainment of a higher level as its purpose
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In 1967, Bourdin founded the
Association of the Knights of the Golden Lotus, which later became the
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The holy city of Mandarom Shambhasalem was founded in 1969, about 50 kilometres northwest of
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345:"Holy Mountains and Anti-Cult Ecology: The Campaign Against the Aumist Religion in France"
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In the late 1990s, the government created a "Mission to Fight Cults", presided over by
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Zoccatelli, PierLuigi (2004). "Notes on the Aumist Religion". In
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This biographical article about a French religious figure is a
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carried out a campaign against the group, organized by the
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Association de Défense de la Famille et des Individus
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