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766:(agents of creation) and a maiden named Sandhya, an extremely handsome and youthful man emerges from his mind and enquires Brahma about the purpose of his birth. Brahma names him Kama and orders him to spread love in the world by shooting his flower arrows. Kama decides to first use his arrows against Brahma and shoots him with his floral arrows. He becomes attracted to Sandhya and desires for her. The
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1242:) as follows: "First comes attraction expressed through the eyes, then intense attachment in the mind, then determination, loss of sleep, becoming emaciated, uninterested in external things, shamelessness, madness, becoming stunned, and death. These are the ten stages of Cupid’s effects." The beauty of Krishna's consort,
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After he awakens Shiva with a flower arrow, Shiva, furious, opens his third eye, which incinerates
Kamadeva instantaneously, turning him into ash. Shiva observes Parvati before him. Impressed by her ascetic practice, he allows her to choose a boon of her choice. She enjoins him to restore Kamadeva to
2282:
Kama, the presiding deity of the disc was born as
Sudarsana. Sâmba the son of lord Krsna was also the incarnation of Kāma. Skanda, the son of Rudra (Shiva) was also Kåma. Since he overcame the enemies he is called Skanda. Since he overcame enemies he is called Skanda. Sudarsana, Pradyumna, Bharata,
1088:. Kamadeva appears in many stories and becomes the object of devotional rituals for those seeking health, and physical beauty, husbands, wives, and sons. In one story Kamadeva himself succumbs to desire, and must then worship his lover to be released from this passion and its curse.
774:, who watches them and laughs at both Brahma and Kama. Brahma regains consciousness and curses Kama to be burnt to ashes by Shiva in the future. However, on Kama's pleading, Brahma assures him that he will be reborn. A later version of the myth is found in the
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Madana
Mahotsava or Kama Mahotsava, Vasant Mahotsava are sophisticated forms of some ancient festivals. The 8th century poet ... The colourful festival of Holi has its origin in these festivals, known for their gay abandon. It is an ancient
322:
love, desire, pleasure and beauty. He is depicted as a handsome young man decked with ornaments and flowers, armed with a bow of sugarcane and shooting arrows of flowers. He often portrayed alongside his consort and female counterpart,
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life. Shiva agrees to let
Kamadeva live, but in a disembodied form, travelling like the wind with his bow and arrow with his consort, Rati. Shiva and Parvati's marriage results in the birth of a son,
334:
regards
Kamadeva as the wielder of the creative power of the universe, also describing him to have been "born at first, him neither the gods nor the fathers ever equaled". Mentioned as a
1157:. Since he was begotten by Krishna himself, his qualities were similar to those of Krishna, such as his colour, appearance, and attributes. This Shamba is not considered identical to
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1096:
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that he could not be defeated by any god except the child of Shiva, who was yet unborn. The deities scheme to make Shiva, who was performing penance, sire a son with
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The religious rituals addressed to him offer a means of purification and re-entry into the community. Devotion to
Kamadeva keeps desire within the framework of the
2615:
caksu-ragah prathamam cittasangas tata ‘tha sankalpah nidra-cchedas tanuta visaya-nivrittis trapanasah / unmado muriccha mrtir ity etah smara-dasa dasaiva syuh.”
2712:
573:
flowers, and blue lotus flowers. The names of these flowers in
Sanskrit in order are Aravinda, Ashoka, Choota, Navamallika, and Neelotpala. A terracotta
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is a Hindu festival, celebrated in the Indian subcontinent. It is sometimes called Madana-Mahotsava or Kama-Mahotsava. This festival is mentioned by
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Besides Rati, Kama's main assistant is
Vasanta, the god of spring season, who was created by Brahma. Kama is served by a group of violent
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traditions for the marriage ceremony itself, the bride's feet are often painted with pictures of Suka, the parrot vahana of
Kamadeva.
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James
Lochtefeld (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Volume 1, Rosen Publishing, New York, ISBN 0-8239-2287-1, page 340
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2411:
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1974:
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Sanford, A.W. (2002). "Painting words, tasting sound: visions of Krishna in Paramanand's sixteenth-century devotional poetry".
1266:. Madan is the brother of Kamadeva. The ruins of Madan Kamdev are scattered widely in a secluded place, covering 500 meters.
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as the consort and chief assistant of Kamadeva. She is his female counterpart representing sensual pleasure. According to
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assigns Kamadeva to break Shiva's meditation. To create a congenial atmosphere, Kamadeva creates an untimely spring (
1195:, the origin of all forms of Kamadeva, yet above mundane love, who is worshiped with the Kama-Gayatri and Kama-Bija
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The deity of Kamadeva along with his consort Rati is included in the pantheon of Vedic-Brahmanical deities such as
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Radha is without equal in the universe for beauty, and her power constantly defeats the god of love, Kamadeva.
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1150:
1006:
2564:"Sacred and Profane Dimensions of Love in Indian Traditions as Exemplified in the Gitagovinda of Jayadeva"
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tree is often planted near temples. The tree is said to be a symbol of love and is dedicated to Kamadeva.
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1914:
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In most scriptures, Kama and Rati have two children, Harsha ("Joy") and Yashas ("Grace"). However, the
604:, and the gentle breeze. All these are symbols of the spring season when his festival is celebrated as
561:, and his arrows are decorated with five kinds of fragrant flowers. The five flowers are white lotus,
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1246:, is without equality in the universe, and her power constantly defeats the god of love, Kamadeva.
687:
2252:, (1975) Hindu Myths: A Sourcebook Translated from the Sanskrit. London: Penguin Books, p.157-159
1500:
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capable of inducing love and lusty desires. He is distinguished from the spiritual Kamadeva. Here
907:—the king of heaven—to disturb the penance of sages to prevent them from achieving divine powers.
2747:
2664:
2593:
2585:
2319:
2237:
1826:
1660:"Hindu Mythology, Vedic and Puranic: Chapter V. The Incarnations or Avatāras of Vishnu: Kamadeva"
414:) means "desire" or "longing", especially as in sensual or sexual love. The name is used in the
2265:
1888:. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p.
1450:
In some versions, the role of Dharma is absent. Instead, Shiva sees them while traveling there.
354:'s third eye while the latter was meditating, and later embodied on earth as the eldest son of
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2434:
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A Dictionary of Hinduism: Including Its Mythology, Religion, History, Literature, and Pantheon
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1970:
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1726:
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674:
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287:
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Sanford, A.W. (2005). "Shifting the Center: Yakṣas on the Margins of Contemporary Practice".
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2739:
2610:
2575:
2529:. Budapest, Bhaktivedanta Kulturális és Tudo. p. Ch. 2: "The gopis assemble together".
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1949:
1818:
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1258:(statues) of Kamadeva are sold for worship on the market, yet there is an ancient temple of
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The Book of Hindu Imagery: Gods, Manifestations and Their Meaning By Eva Rudy Jansen p. 93
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This article is about the Hindu deity of love. For the concept of emotions and love, see
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are all incarnations of Kama. The myth of Kamadeva's incineration is referenced in the
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The story of the birth of Kamadeva has several variants in different Hindu scriptures.
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also mentions that Kama himself was pierced by his love arrows when he saw Rati. The
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53:
49:
2013:
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and Kamadeva. In the narrative, Kama is reincarnated in the womb of Krishna's wife
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981:, by taking the form of the fragrant southern breeze, and enters Shiva's abode.
693:
637:
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Images and stories about the Hindu god Kamadeva are traced to the verses of the
562:
451:
331:
199:
191:
185:
2730:
Atherton, C.P. (1995). "The Harsat-Mata Temple at Abaneri: Levels of Meaning".
2297:"Icons, artefacts and interpretations of the past: early Hinduism in Rajasthan"
923:
One of the principal myths regarding Kama is the legend of his incineration by
781:
according to which, Brahma creates Kama from his mind to ignite passion in the
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2892:
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1749:
The Body of God: An Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram
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755:
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In this version, Kama is cursed by Brahma as he initially ignores his orders.
705:(agent of creation). His mother is mentioned to be Dharma's wife Shraddha in
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2345:
Monsters, Tricksters, and Sacred Cows: Animal Tales and American Identities
1953:
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and fall from heaven to earth. Kama and his consort Rati are referenced as
2804:
2793:
2267:
Ancient Indian Tradition and Mythology Volume 14: The Garuda Purana Part 3
1210:(book 10) in the context of the supramundane love between Krishna and the
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Alternative Krishnas: Regional and Vernacular Variations on a Hindu Deity
1499:
Kāṇe, Pāṇḍuraṅga Vāmana; Institute, Bhandarkar Oriental Research (1958).
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17:
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207:
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vṛndāvane aprākṛta navīna madana, kāma-gāyatrī kāma-bīje yāṅra upāsana
2283:
Samba, Sanatkumara, and Skanda these six are the incarnations of Kama.
1830:
788:
In some traditions, Kama is considered a son of the goddess of wealth
3198:
3193:
3158:
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3103:
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178:
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139:
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808:, the incarnations of Lakshmi and Vishnu respectively. According to
2240:, (2000) Hinduism: A Short History. Oxford: One World Publications.
1822:
1254:
While it is believed that there are no temples to Kamadeva, and no
3222:
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2942:
2907:
2870:
1969:
By M. L. Varadpande. p.188. Published 1991, Abhinav Publications,
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914:
904:
771:
673:
642:
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574:
439:
351:
315:
275:
1809:
Edgerton, F. (1912). "A Hindu Book of Tales: The Vikramacarita".
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gives Rati another origin, according to which Sandhya died after
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3048:
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2962:
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2932:
2877:
1438:
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rather refers to Krishna himself, who through the medium of his
1211:
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The Kamadeva that was incinerated is believed to be a celestial
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1111:
895:
827:
605:
532:
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403:
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242:
31:
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Dharma and his wife Lakshmi. Some traditions consider Kama (as
1172:) who, owing to his celestial powers, becomes an emanation of
899:
known as the Maras. Kama also leads the celestial nymphs, the
875:("affection") is mentioned as Kamadeva's second spouse in the
597:
553:
Kāmadeva is represented as a young, handsome man who wields a
2769:
God of desire: tales of Kamadeva in Sanskrit story literature
1786:"Atharva Veda: Book 6: Hymn 36: In praise of Agni Vaisvānara"
919:
Painting of the Madana-bhasma (Shiva turns Kamadeva to ashes)
812:, Visnu-Krishna and Kamadeva have a historical relationship.
762:. In the most common narrative, after Brahma creates all the
588:
Some of the attributes of Kamadeva are: his companions are a
939:(verses 227–255), but is also repeated with variants in the
881:, while in other texts, 'Priti' is just an epithet of Rati.
1591:. Robarts - University of Toronto. Strassburg K.J. Trübner.
1354:
Kama is mentioned as one of Brahma's mind born sons in the
1187:
is the source of Kamadeva's inciting power, the ever-fresh
719:, states his mother to be Lakshmi, another wife of Dharma.
1165:-manifestation called Shamba, but is an individual soul (
2771:. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
2507:. p. Ch. 55: Shaba was Born to Kṛṣṇa and Jambabati.
785:(agents of creation) after they refused to procreate.
624:, although he is better known from the stories of the
350:, Kamadeva's most popular myth is his incineration by
522:
Manasija (मनसिज) , Manoja (मनोज) and Bhavaja (भवज) -
2460:"Pharmacognostic Study of the Bark of Saraca indica"
1399:
In some scriptures, Kama has a second consort named
1328:
Manmadin, the Indian Cupid, floating down the Ganges
3211:
3129:
2987:
2846:
2403:
Traditional Festivals: A Multicultural Encyclopedia
1722:
The Philosophy of Desire in the Buddhist Pali Canon
641:, a rendering of the myth of Kamadeva's burning by
271:
261:
256:
248:
238:
227:
222:
214:
184:
172:
160:
152:
138:
128:
118:
107:
93:
85:
61:
678:A Thai depiction of Kamadeva riding a parrot, 1959
457:Other names prominently used about Kamadeva are:
394:means heavenly or divine and refers to a deity in
770:Dharma becomes worried by this and calls the god
1907:"A study of Kamadeva in Indian story literature"
1269:Some other temples dedicated or related to this
1033:(the presiding deity of Sudarshana Chakra), and
577:of Kamadeva of great antiquity is housed in the
41:"Manmadhan" redirects here. For other uses, see
890:mentions that they only have one son – Harsha.
631:Kamadeva is also mentioned in the 12th-century
434:(SB 5.18.15). It is also a name of the deities
1935:
1933:
1931:
1234:(lit. "arousal of desire") experienced by the
935:. It occurs in its most developed form in the
99:
2820:
2376:(in Hindi). V&S Publishers. p. 161.
1771:
1769:
1752:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 417.
8:
2347:. University of Virginia Press. p. 186.
2209:Sanskrit poetry, from Vidyākara's "Treasury"
1149:. Kamadeva also incarnates as Krishna's son
48:"Madana" redirects here. For the place, see
2756:K. Deva suggests it is Kamadeva in the EITA
2370:GANGRADE, DR PRAKASH CHANDRA (2015-01-06).
2264:J.L. Shastri; G.P. Bhatt (1 January 2004).
1942:Journal of the American Academy of Religion
1901:
1899:
1775:Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1694:Journal of the American Academy of Religion
2827:
2813:
2805:
1145:is identified as the original Kamadeva in
1100:Kama (left) with Rati on a temple wall of
529:Ratikanta (रतिकांत) or Ratipati (रतिपति)-
80:A gouache painting of Kamadeva, circa 1820
74:
2579:
2504:Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Personality of Godhead
1616:Encyclopaedia of Hindu Gods and Goddesses
1608:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1598:
2713:"Temple for Cupid, Thadikombu, Dindigul"
2114:. Cosmo Publications. pp. 111–117.
1882:Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.).
1262:in Baihata Chariali, Kamrup district in
1238:have been described in a commentary (by
543:. Also a name for both Vishnu and Shiva.
515:Kandarpa (कन्दर्प) or Darpaka (दर्पक) -
68:God of Love, Desire, Pleasure and Beauty
1491:
1469:, a different name is used for Sandhya.
1347:
1226:increases his influence on the devoted
867:desired her but was revived as Rati by
2673:
2662:
2395:
2393:
2357:
2190:
2178:
2166:
2154:
2134:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2086:
2074:
2008:
2006:
1986:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
390:) can be translated as 'god of love'.
58:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2433:. Abhinav Publications. p. 220.
2270:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 1115.
1850:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1218:who incites lusty feelings. The word
7:
2373:HINDUO KE VRAT-PARV EVAM TEEJ TYOHAR
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1613:Chandra, Suresh (November 7, 1998).
2692:"Braj Mandala Parikrama in Mathura"
2427:Varadpande, Manohar Laxman (1987).
1999:Adi Parva, Chapter 66, Verses 31-33
853:to present Kamadeva as a wife. The
842:, she emerged from a sweat drop of
340:(mind-born son) of the creator god
2562:Miller, B.S.; Siegel, Lee (1980).
1296:, is one of the twelve forests of
701:, the god of righteousness, and a
422:, 113. 11). Kamadeva is a name of
25:
1585:Hopkins, Edward Washburn (1915).
1314:has a representation of Kamadeva.
1214:(cowherd maidens), he is not the
1057:, after being burned to ashes by
1045:to reveal a relationship between
2978:
2792:
1746:Hudson, D. Dennis (2008-09-25).
1285:indicates that Kamadeva woke up
1118:, in his early writings such as
989:, who goes on to defeat Taraka.
2552:(Caitanya Caritamrita, 2.8.138)
2019:Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide
1202:When Kamadeva is referenced as
961:, who had received a boon from
557:and arrows. His bow is made of
156:Sugarcane bow and floral arrows
1861:. Princeton University Press.
1433:, and later from the sweat of
697:, he is mentioned as a son of
481:one who intoxicates with love.
1:
2458:Ray, N.; Datta, P.C. (1981).
1811:American Journal of Philology
1719:Webster, David (2004-12-31).
1303:Soundaraja Perumal Temple at
903:, and they are often sent by
1911:Columbia Educational Journal
977:). He evades Shiva's guard,
709:, while the appendix of the
519:. Brahma gave him this name.
500:he whose arrows are flowers.
2316:10.1080/0043824042000282795
1307:, near Dindigul, Tamil Nadu
1153:after being burned down by
954:suffer at the hands of the
871:who presented her to Kama.
409:
385:
301:
145:
3357:
2767:Benton, Catherine (2006).
2635:. SUNY Press. p. 65.
1429:, Kama also shoots at the
47:
43:Manmadhan (disambiguation)
40:
29:
3300:
2976:
2479:10.3109/13880208109070585
2430:History of Indian Theatre
2406:. ABC-CLIO. p. 193.
2108:Santideva, Sadhu (2000).
1967:History of Indian Theatre
1725:. Routledge. p. 56.
1629:– via Google Books.
504:Pradyumna (प्रद्युम्न) -
494:he who is without a body.
370:Etymology and other names
291:
100:
73:
66:
3284:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
2568:Journal of Asian Studies
2250:Wendy Doniger O'Flaherty
2214:Harvard University Press
1374:) as the son of the god
1324:Letitia Elizabeth Landon
792:, and the preserver god
508:It is also the named of
446:is also a name used for
89:Manmatha, Madana, Ananga
2525:Swami Sivarama (1998).
2400:Roy, Christian (2005).
2048:Kapoor, Subodh (2004).
1502:History of Dharmaśāstra
1459:In some texts like the
1366:, he is the son of the
1230:. The symptoms of this
820:Both the epics and the
498:Kushumeshara (कुसुमशर)
252:Harsha and Yasha (sons)
2694:. www.agraindia.org.uk
2467:Pharmaceutical Biology
2054:. Cosmo Publications.
1885:India through the ages
1855:Kramrisch, S. (1981).
1416:who has the same name.
1336:Fragment in Rhyme VII.
1310:Harsat-Mata Temple at
1292:Kameshvara Temple, in
1277:Kameshwara Temple, in
1240:Vishvanatha Cakravarti
1133:In Gaudiya Vaishnavism
1108:
920:
826:attest to the goddess
744:Brahma Vaivarta Purana
679:
608:, Holika, or Vasanta.
524:he who is born of mind
475:one who agitates mind.
358:and his chief consort
2343:Arnold, A.J. (1996).
1706:10.1093/jaarel/lfi005
1548:Puranic Encyclopaedia
1319:In English literature
1099:
1092:Rituals and festivals
918:
911:Incineration by Shiva
860:Brahmavaivarta Purana
816:Family and assistants
754:, Kama is one of the
677:
36:Kama (disambiguation)
3341:Mythological archers
2801:at Wikimedia Commons
1954:10.1093/jaar/70.1.55
1858:The Presence of Siva
1790:www.sacred-texts.com
1664:www.sacred-texts.com
1619:. Sarup & Sons.
1545:Vettam Mani (1975).
1332:The Literary Gazette
1326:'s descriptive poem
849:who was assigned by
796:due to his birth as
539:Abhirupa (अभिरूप) -
510:Kama's reincarnation
506:he who conquers all.
52:. For the film, see
2501:, A.C.B.S. (1972).
1917:on January 14, 2009
1553:Motilal Banarsidass
1122:, dated c. 400 BC.
1102:Chennakesava Temple
1086:religious tradition
1065:Beliefs and worship
943:and other Puranas.
758:of the creator god
707:Taittiriya Brahmana
688:Taittiriya Brahmana
473:Manmatha (मन्मथ) -
3336:Love and lust gods
2659:Benton, C. (2005).
2627:Beck, Guy L. (Ed.)
2295:Hooja, R. (2004).
2238:Klaus Klostermaier
1412:Distinct from the
1120:Purvamimamsa-sutra
1109:
946:In the narrative,
931:also rendered the
921:
680:
34:. For others, see
3318:
3317:
2797:Media related to
2778:978-0-7914-6565-3
2672:Missing or empty
2642:978-0-7914-6415-1
2536:978-963-03-7649-5
2304:World Archaeology
2223:978-0-674-78865-7
2121:978-81-7020-998-0
2111:Ascetic Mysticism
2061:978-81-7755-874-6
1868:978-0-691-01930-7
1759:978-0-19-536922-9
1732:978-1-134-27941-8
1414:consort of Vishnu
1139:Gaudiya Vaishnava
657:poetry and later
541:the beautiful one
306:), also known as
281:
280:
27:Hindu god of love
16:(Redirected from
3348:
2982:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2806:
2796:
2782:
2759:
2758:
2738:(3/4): 201–236.
2727:
2721:
2720:
2715:. Archived from
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2675:
2670:
2668:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2623:
2617:
2611:Bhagavata Purana
2608:
2602:
2601:
2583:
2559:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2522:
2509:
2508:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2464:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2397:
2388:
2387:
2367:
2361:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2301:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2261:
2255:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2227:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2143:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2105:
2090:
2084:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2010:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1937:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1913:. Archived from
1903:
1894:
1893:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1852:
1835:
1834:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1764:
1763:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1656:
1631:
1630:
1610:
1593:
1592:
1582:
1571:
1570:
1542:
1507:
1506:
1496:
1479:
1476:
1470:
1466:Brahmanda Purana
1457:
1451:
1448:
1442:
1423:
1417:
1410:
1404:
1397:
1391:
1352:
1208:Bhāgavata Purāṇa
1043:Bhagavata Purana
600:, the season of
492:Ananga (अनंग) -
432:Bhagavata Purana
412:
388:
304:
293:
272:Roman equivalent
262:Greek equivalent
148:
103:
102:
78:
59:
21:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3310:Hindu mythology
3296:
3207:
3125:
2983:
2974:
2842:
2833:
2789:
2779:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2744:10.2307/3249750
2729:
2728:
2724:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2697:
2695:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2671:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2643:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2613:10.21.3 Tika, “
2609:
2605:
2581:10.2307/2054724
2561:
2560:
2556:
2548:
2544:
2537:
2524:
2523:
2512:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2483:
2481:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2441:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2414:
2399:
2398:
2391:
2384:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2356:
2352:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2328:
2326:
2299:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2278:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2248:
2244:
2236:
2232:
2224:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2185:
2177:
2173:
2165:
2161:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2133:
2129:
2122:
2107:
2106:
2093:
2085:
2081:
2073:
2069:
2062:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2034:
2012:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1993:
1985:
1981:
1965:
1961:
1939:
1938:
1929:
1920:
1918:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1854:
1853:
1838:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1733:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1668:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1634:
1627:
1612:
1611:
1596:
1584:
1583:
1574:
1567:
1544:
1543:
1510:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1424:
1420:
1411:
1407:
1398:
1394:
1382:) and his wife
1353:
1349:
1344:
1321:
1252:
1191:god of love of
1135:
1094:
1067:
995:
913:
818:
672:
667:
614:
612:Textual sources
551:
546:
479:Madana (मदन) -
372:
111:transliteration
81:
69:
57:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3354:
3352:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3323:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3287:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3264:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3219:
3217:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3139:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2993:
2991:
2985:
2984:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2972:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2852:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2788:
2787:External links
2785:
2784:
2783:
2777:
2761:
2760:
2722:
2719:on 2015-04-05.
2704:
2683:
2651:
2641:
2618:
2603:
2574:(3): 622–623.
2554:
2542:
2535:
2510:
2490:
2450:
2439:
2419:
2412:
2389:
2382:
2362:
2350:
2335:
2310:(3): 360–377.
2287:
2276:
2256:
2242:
2230:
2222:
2204:Daniel Ingalls
2195:
2183:
2171:
2159:
2147:
2138:
2127:
2120:
2091:
2079:
2067:
2060:
2040:
2032:
2002:
1991:
1979:
1959:
1927:
1895:
1874:
1867:
1836:
1823:10.2307/288995
1817:(3): 249–284.
1801:
1777:
1765:
1758:
1738:
1731:
1711:
1684:
1675:
1632:
1625:
1594:
1588:Epic mythology
1572:
1566:978-8120805972
1565:
1508:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1471:
1452:
1443:
1418:
1405:
1392:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1290:
1289:at this place.
1251:
1248:
1189:transcendental
1134:
1131:
1093:
1090:
1066:
1063:
1009:- the sons of
994:
991:
929:Madana-bhasma,
912:
909:
817:
814:
756:mind-born sons
729:including the
671:
668:
666:
663:
613:
610:
550:
547:
545:
544:
537:
527:
520:
513:
502:
496:
490:
483:
477:
471:
462:Kama (काम) -
459:
371:
368:
279:
278:
273:
269:
268:
263:
259:
258:
254:
253:
250:
246:
245:
240:
236:
235:
229:
225:
224:
220:
219:
216:
212:
211:
188:
182:
181:
176:
170:
169:
164:
158:
157:
154:
150:
149:
142:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
112:
105:
104:
97:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
79:
71:
70:
67:
64:
63:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3353:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3276:
3275:Bhagavad Gita
3272:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3204:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:Other deities
3128:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2981:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2836:Hindu deities
2830:
2825:
2823:
2818:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2807:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2780:
2774:
2770:
2765:
2764:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2732:Artibus Asiae
2726:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2693:
2687:
2684:
2679:
2666:
2655:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2638:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2543:
2538:
2532:
2528:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2480:
2476:
2473:(2): 97–102.
2472:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2440:9788170172215
2436:
2432:
2431:
2423:
2420:
2415:
2413:9781576070895
2409:
2405:
2404:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2383:9789350573587
2379:
2375:
2374:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2351:
2346:
2339:
2336:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2277:9788120838819
2273:
2269:
2268:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2175:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2151:
2148:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2083:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2068:
2063:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2044:
2041:
2038:Entry: "Kama"
2035:
2033:9788184752779
2029:
2025:
2024:Penguin Books
2021:
2020:
2015:
2009:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1975:81-7017-278-0
1972:
1968:
1963:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1886:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1805:
1802:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1778:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1742:
1739:
1734:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1700:(1): 89–110.
1699:
1695:
1688:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1626:9788176250399
1622:
1618:
1617:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1589:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1568:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1503:
1495:
1492:
1485:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1461:Matsya Purana
1456:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1427:Kalika Purana
1422:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1351:
1348:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1283:Sthala purana
1280:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1039:Matsya Purana
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:- the son of
1024:
1020:
1017:- the son of
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
999:Garuda Purana
997:According to
992:
990:
988:
982:
980:
976:
975:akāla-vasanta
972:
968:
964:
960:
957:
953:
949:
944:
942:
938:
937:Matsya Purana
934:
930:
927:, called the
926:
917:
910:
908:
906:
902:
898:
897:
891:
889:
888:
887:Vishnu Purana
882:
880:
879:
878:Skanda Purana
874:
870:
866:
862:
861:
856:
852:
848:
845:
841:
840:
835:
834:
833:Kalika Purana
829:
825:
824:
815:
813:
811:
810:Matsya Purana
807:
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2155:Benton 2006
2135:Benton 2006
2087:Benton 2006
2075:Benton 2006
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1141:tradition,
933:Kama dahana
711:Mahabharata
694:Mahabharata
638:Smaradahana
563:Ashoka tree
549:Iconography
531:husband of
337:manasaputra
257:Equivalents
200:Mahabharata
192:Atharvaveda
119:Affiliation
86:Other names
3331:Hindu gods
3325:Categories
3250:Upanishads
3169:Gandharvas
2893:Dattatreya
2698:2008-07-13
2499:Prabhupada
2484:2008-07-13
2329:2008-07-06
1921:2008-07-06
1795:2022-02-15
1669:2023-01-30
1555:. p.
1486:References
1431:prajapatis
1363:Harivamsha
1305:Thadikombu
1298:Vrindavana
1232:smarodayam
1193:Vrindavana
1147:Vrindavana
1031:Sudarshana
783:prajapatis
764:prajapatis
727:scriptures
596:, humming
569:flowers,
567:Mango tree
204:Harivamsha
146:काम (kāma)
95:Devanagari
3189:Rakshasas
3059:Mahavidya
3002:Saraswati
2989:Goddesses
2918:Kartikeya
2665:cite book
2598:161486286
2527:Venu-gita
2324:162304052
1372:Pradyumna
1368:prajapati
1360:. In the
1055:Pradyumna
1003:Pradyumna
987:Kartikeya
844:prajapati
798:Pradyumna
768:prajapati
716:Harivamsa
703:prajapati
565:flowers,
559:sugarcane
454:6.36.3).
386:kāma-deva
376:Kama-deva
374:The name
364:Pradyumna
314:, is the
223:Genealogy
3305:Hinduism
3261:Ramayana
3203:Yakshini
3109:Shashthi
3069:Matrikas
3054:Mahadevi
2856:Trimurti
2799:Kamadeva
2629:(2005).
2206:(1968).
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1441:emerges.
1334:, 1822 (
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1294:Kamyavan
1279:Aragalur
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748:and the
651:Kamarati
647:Kamajaya
633:Javanese
618:Rig Veda
430:and the
396:Hinduism
312:Manmatha
308:Kamadeva
302:Kāmadeva
288:Sanskrit
249:Children
234:(father)
196:Ramayana
133:Kamaloka
114:Kāmadeva
109:Sanskrit
62:Kamadeva
18:Manmatha
3255:Puranas
3243:Atharva
3212:Texts (
3199:Yakshas
3194:Vahanas
3164:Dikpāla
3137:Apsaras
3089:Rukmini
3064:Matangi
3012:Parvati
3007:Lakshmi
2997:Tridevi
2923:Krishna
2903:Hanuman
2898:Ganesha
2888:Chandra
2883:Ashvins
2752:3249750
2590:2054724
2360:, p. 84
2193:, p. 34
2181:, p. 33
2169:, p. 31
2157:, p. 32
2089:, p. 44
2077:, p. 36
1989:, p. 23
1557:378-379
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1388:Rukmini
1384:Lakshmi
1380:Krishna
1357:Puranas
1250:Temples
1197:mantras
1185:Krishna
1181:demigod
1170:-tattva
1143:Krishna
1137:In the
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1075:Parvati
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967:Parvati
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790:Lakshmi
725:Puranic
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665:Legends
655:Kakawin
626:Puranas
579:Mathura
571:Jasmine
468:longing
436:Krishna
426:in the
416:Rigveda
360:Rukmini
356:Krishna
347:Puranas
344:in the
318:god of
239:Consort
228:Parents
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3159:Devata
3152:Danava
3147:Daitya
3142:Asuras
3104:Shakti
3094:Sanjna
3084:Rohini
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3029:Chhaya
2948:Varuna
2938:Shasta
2928:Kubera
2866:Vishnu
2861:Brahma
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1256:murtis
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1151:Shamba
1127:Ashoka
1023:Skanda
1019:Brahma
963:Brahma
959:Taraka
869:Vishnu
865:Brahma
851:Brahma
847:Daksha
794:Vishnu
760:Brahma
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735:, the
699:Dharma
659:Wayang
602:spring
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590:cuckoo
464:desire
424:Vishnu
342:Brahma
320:erotic
292:कामदेव
232:Brahma
215:Gender
179:Parrot
167:Makara
162:Symbol
153:Weapon
140:Mantra
101:कामदेव
3238:Yajur
3223:Vedas
3074:Radha
3039:Ganga
3034:Durga
3024:Bhumi
3019:Aditi
2943:Surya
2908:Indra
2871:Shiva
2840:texts
2748:JSTOR
2594:S2CID
2586:JSTOR
2463:(PDF)
2320:S2CID
2300:(PDF)
1827:JSTOR
1401:Priti
1342:Notes
1287:Shiva
1264:Assam
1244:Radha
1236:gopis
1228:gopis
1224:flute
1220:smara
1212:gopis
1204:smara
1163:vyuha
1155:Shiva
1106:Belur
1079:Hindu
1077:. In
1071:Shiva
1059:Shiva
1027:Shiva
1007:Samba
979:Nandi
971:Indra
956:asura
952:devas
948:Indra
925:Shiva
905:Indra
896:ganas
873:Priti
772:Shiva
670:Birth
643:Shiva
635:poem
583:India
575:murti
440:Shiva
352:Shiva
316:Hindu
276:Cupid
186:Texts
174:Mount
129:Abode
3291:more
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3120:more
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2969:more
2963:Yama
2953:Vayu
2933:Rama
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2848:Gods
2838:and
2773:ISBN
2678:help
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