326:
395:
359:
580:
633:
289:
31:
428:
243:. The taxonomy of this group is incomplete. Some authorities separate the group as a subfamily, while others remove some genera. Most species within the group spend their winters near coastal waters. Many species have developed specialized salt glands to allow them to tolerate salt water, but these are poorly developed in juveniles. Some of the species prefer riverine habitats. All but two of the 22 species in this group live in far northern latitudes.
56:
699:
481:
666:
254:, have serrated edges to their bills to help them grip their prey and are often known as "sawbills". Other sea ducks forage by diving underwater, taking molluscs or crustaceans from the sea floor. The Mergini take on the
325:
394:
358:
142:
632:
579:
55:
777:
Below is a phylogeny based on a mitogenomic study of the placement of the
Labrador duck and the diving "goose"
30:
288:
1538:
1301:
716:
1570:
1383:
761:
727:
1219:
607:
554:
1366:
1096:
751:
540:
427:
50:
879:
412:
1575:
1509:
1598:
1501:
1342:
1318:
1202:
939:
817:
737:
683:
597:
586:
445:
306:
195:
698:
512:
1484:
Janet C. Buckner; Ryan
Ellingson; David A. Gold; Terry L. Jones; David K. Jacobs (2018).
1486:"Mitogenomics supports an unexpected taxonomic relationship for the extinct diving duck
841:
366:
343:
177:
38:
665:
1592:
1072:
897:
530:
498:
375:
963:
508:
455:
332:
164:
107:
480:
1561:
1485:
1505:
1113:
564:
258:
during the late summer and molt into their breeding plumage during the winter.
1178:
980:
672:
617:
520:
465:
401:
207:
170:
779:
741:
639:
487:
434:
201:
189:
183:
67:
1513:
1555:
310:
295:
240:
158:
127:
117:
87:
383:
255:
705:
247:
213:
77:
1532:
267:
1277:
650:
251:
236:
232:
97:
1536:
1526:
1545:
246:The fish-eating members of this group, such as the
1490:and definitively places the extinct Labrador Duck"
1527:SeaDucks.org - Science and Management Reference
8:
1533:
29:
20:
547:) (sometimes considered a subspecies of
272:
1476:
1494:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
266:There are twenty-two species in ten
1358:
1334:
1293:
1269:
1262:
1194:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1088:
1064:
1057:
1050:
955:
931:
871:
864:
857:
833:
809:
802:
795:
787:
14:
697:
664:
631:
578:
479:
426:
393:
357:
324:
287:
54:
1:
1506:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.008
1615:
898:Camptorhynchus labradorius
519:) (sometimes considered a
380:Camptorhynchus labradorius
1380:
1363:
1356:
1339:
1332:
1315:
1298:
1291:
1274:
1267:
1260:
1216:
1199:
1192:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1110:
1093:
1086:
1069:
1062:
1055:
1048:
977:
960:
953:
936:
929:
893:
876:
869:
862:
855:
842:Histrionicus histrionicus
838:
831:
814:
807:
800:
793:
348:Histrionicus histrionicus
155:
150:
51:Scientific classification
49:
43:Histrionicus histrionicus
37:
28:
23:
1114:Melanitta perspicillata
569:Melanitta perspicillata
717:Red-breasted merganser
1571:Paleobiology Database
1319:Lophodytes cucullatus
981:Somateria spectabilis
762:Scaly-sided merganser
728:New Zealand merganser
688:Lophodytes cucullatus
470:Somateria spectabilis
231:) are a tribe of the
964:Somateria mollissima
559:Melanitta stejnegeri
460:Somateria mollissima
1367:Mergus octosetaceus
1220:Bucephala islandica
880:Polysticta stelleri
756:Mergus octosetaceus
752:Brazilian merganser
612:Bucephala islandica
541:White-winged scoter
517:Melanitta americana
417:Polysticta stelleri
1278:Mergellus albellus
1203:Bucephala clangula
1097:Melanitta deglandi
940:Somateria fischeri
655:Mergellus albellus
608:Barrow's goldeneye
602:Bucephala clangula
555:Stejneger's scoter
545:Melanitta deglandi
450:Somateria fischeri
1586:
1585:
1539:Taxon identifiers
1467:
1466:
1458:
1457:
1449:
1448:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1422:
1421:
1413:
1412:
1404:
1403:
1395:
1394:
1249:
1248:
1240:
1239:
1231:
1230:
1179:Bucephala albeola
1143:
1142:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1124:
1037:
1036:
1028:
1027:
1019:
1018:
1010:
1009:
1001:
1000:
992:
991:
918:
917:
909:
908:
818:Clangula hyemalis
774:
773:
677:Reichenbach, 1853
622:Bucephala albeola
315:Clangula hyemalis
221:
220:
146:
1606:
1579:
1578:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1534:
1518:
1517:
1481:
1384:Mergus squamatus
1359:
1343:Mergus merganser
1335:
1294:
1270:
1263:
1195:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1089:
1065:
1058:
1051:
956:
932:
872:
865:
858:
834:
810:
803:
796:
788:
766:Mergus squamatus
746:Mergus merganser
738:Common merganser
732:Mergus australis
711:
701:
684:Hooded merganser
678:
668:
645:
635:
598:Common goldeneye
592:
591:S.F. Baird, 1858
582:
493:
483:
446:Spectacled eider
440:
430:
407:
397:
361:
338:
328:
307:Long-tailed duck
301:
291:
273:
141:
59:
58:
33:
21:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1574:
1569:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1541:
1531:
1522:
1521:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1432:
1423:
1414:
1405:
1396:
1302:Mergus serrator
1250:
1241:
1232:
1144:
1135:
1126:
1073:Melanitta nigra
1038:
1029:
1020:
1011:
1002:
993:
919:
910:
776:
721:Mergus serrator
709:
676:
643:
590:
535:Melanitta fusca
513:American scoter
503:Melanitta nigra
491:
438:
413:Steller's eider
405:
336:
299:
282:Living Species
264:
256:eclipse plumage
211:
205:
199:
193:
187:
181:
174:
168:
162:
140:
53:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1612:
1610:
1602:
1601:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1567:
1551:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1530:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1488:Chendytes lawi
1475:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1362:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1162:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1003:
999:
998:
995:
994:
990:
989:
986:
985:
976:
973:
972:
969:
968:
959:
954:
952:
949:
948:
945:
944:
935:
930:
928:
925:
924:
921:
920:
916:
915:
912:
911:
907:
906:
903:
902:
892:
889:
888:
885:
884:
875:
870:
868:
863:
861:
856:
854:
851:
850:
847:
846:
837:
832:
830:
827:
826:
823:
822:
813:
808:
806:
801:
799:
794:
792:
786:
772:
771:
770:
769:
759:
749:
735:
724:
712:
710:Linnaeus, 1758
702:
694:
693:
692:
691:
679:
669:
661:
660:
659:
658:
646:
636:
628:
627:
626:
625:
615:
605:
593:
583:
575:
574:
573:
572:
562:
552:
538:
528:
506:
494:
484:
476:
475:
474:
473:
463:
453:
441:
431:
423:
422:
421:
420:
408:
398:
390:
389:
388:
387:
370:
367:Camptorhynchus
362:
354:
353:
352:
351:
344:Harlequin duck
339:
329:
321:
320:
319:
318:
302:
292:
284:
283:
280:
277:
263:
260:
219:
218:
178:Camptorhynchus
153:
152:
148:
147:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
47:
46:
39:Harlequin duck
35:
34:
26:
25:
16:Tribe of birds
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1611:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1489:
1480:
1477:
1470:
1463:
1462:
1454:
1453:
1445:
1444:
1436:
1435:
1427:
1426:
1418:
1417:
1409:
1408:
1400:
1399:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1337:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1272:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1245:
1244:
1236:
1235:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1197:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1173:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1130:
1129:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1091:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1033:
1032:
1024:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1006:
1005:
997:
996:
988:
987:
984:
983:
982:
975:
974:
971:
970:
967:
966:
965:
958:
957:
951:
950:
947:
946:
943:
942:
941:
934:
933:
927:
926:
923:
922:
914:
913:
905:
904:
901:
900:
899:
891:
890:
887:
886:
883:
882:
881:
874:
873:
867:
866:
860:
859:
853:
852:
849:
848:
845:
844:
843:
836:
835:
829:
828:
825:
824:
821:
820:
819:
812:
811:
805:
804:
798:
797:
790:
789:
785:
783:
781:
767:
763:
760:
757:
753:
750:
747:
743:
739:
736:
733:
729:
725:
722:
718:
715:
714:
713:
708:
707:
703:
700:
696:
695:
689:
685:
682:
681:
680:
675:
674:
670:
667:
663:
662:
656:
652:
649:
648:
647:
642:
641:
637:
634:
630:
629:
623:
619:
616:
613:
609:
606:
603:
599:
596:
595:
594:
589:
588:
584:
581:
577:
576:
570:
566:
563:
560:
556:
553:
550:
546:
542:
539:
536:
532:
531:Velvet scoter
529:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
507:
504:
500:
499:Common scoter
497:
496:
495:
492:F. Boie, 1822
490:
489:
485:
482:
478:
477:
471:
467:
464:
461:
457:
454:
451:
447:
444:
443:
442:
437:
436:
432:
429:
425:
424:
418:
414:
411:
410:
409:
404:
403:
399:
396:
392:
391:
385:
381:
377:
376:Labrador duck
373:
372:
371:
369:
368:
363:
360:
356:
355:
349:
345:
342:
341:
340:
335:
334:
330:
327:
323:
322:
316:
312:
308:
305:
304:
303:
298:
297:
293:
290:
286:
285:
281:
278:
275:
274:
271:
269:
261:
259:
257:
253:
249:
244:
242:
238:
235:subfamily of
234:
230:
226:
217:
216:
215:
210:
209:
204:
203:
198:
197:
192:
191:
186:
185:
180:
179:
173:
172:
167:
166:
161:
160:
154:
149:
144:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
73:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:
57:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1546:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1479:
1382:
1381:
1365:
1364:
1341:
1340:
1317:
1316:
1300:
1299:
1276:
1275:
1218:
1217:
1201:
1200:
1177:
1176:
1112:
1111:
1095:
1094:
1071:
1070:
979:
978:
962:
961:
938:
937:
896:
894:
878:
877:
840:
839:
816:
815:
778:
775:
765:
755:
745:
731:
720:
704:
687:
671:
654:
638:
621:
611:
601:
585:
568:
558:
548:
544:
534:
524:
516:
509:Black scoter
502:
486:
469:
459:
456:Common eider
449:
433:
416:
400:
379:
365:
347:
337:Lesson, 1828
333:Histrionicus
331:
314:
294:
265:
245:
228:
224:
222:
212:
206:
200:
194:
188:
182:
176:
169:
165:Histrionicus
163:
157:
156:
137:
108:Anseriformes
42:
18:
1500:: 102–109.
644:Selby, 1840
565:Surf scoter
439:Leach, 1819
406:Eyton, 1836
300:Leach, 1819
124:Subfamily:
1471:References
673:Lophodytes
618:Bufflehead
521:subspecies
466:King eider
402:Polysticta
309:(formerly
248:mergansers
208:Lophodytes
171:Polysticta
143:Rafinesque
24:Sea ducks
1562:Q33176341
780:Chendytes
742:goosander
640:Mergellus
587:Bucephala
488:Melanitta
435:Somateria
225:sea ducks
202:Mergellus
196:Bucephala
190:Melanitta
184:Somateria
74:Kingdom:
68:Eukaryota
1593:Category
1556:Wikidata
1514:29247849
791:Mergini
549:M. fusca
525:M. nigra
311:oldsquaw
296:Clangula
241:Anatinae
159:Clangula
128:Anatinae
118:Anatidae
114:Family:
88:Chordata
84:Phylum:
78:Animalia
64:Domain:
1599:Mergini
1547:Mergini
384:extinct
262:Species
229:Mergini
151:Genera
138:Mergini
134:Tribe:
104:Order:
94:Class:
45:(male)
1512:
706:Mergus
268:genera
239:, the
214:Mergus
145:, 1815
1576:83442
279:Genus
276:Image
237:birds
1510:PMID
782:lawi
651:Smew
252:smew
250:and
233:duck
223:The
98:Aves
1502:doi
1498:122
740:or
523:of
511:or
382:) (
313:) (
1595::
1573::
1558::
1508:.
1496:.
1492:.
784:.
270::
41:,
1516:.
1504::
895:†
768:)
764:(
758:)
754:(
748:)
744:(
734:)
730:(
726:†
723:)
719:(
690:)
686:(
657:)
653:(
624:)
620:(
614:)
610:(
604:)
600:(
571:)
567:(
561:)
557:(
551:)
543:(
537:)
533:(
527:)
515:(
505:)
501:(
472:)
468:(
462:)
458:(
452:)
448:(
419:)
415:(
386:)
378:(
374:†
364:†
350:)
346:(
317:)
227:(
175:†
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