335:
604:
67:
511:
42:
592:
465:
927:
Cracraft J, Barker FK, Braun M, Harshman J, Dyke GJ, Feinstein J, Stanley S, Cibois A, Schikler P, Beresford P, García-Moreno J, Sorenson MD, Yuri T, Mindell DP (2004). "Phylogenetic relationships among modern birds (Neornithes): toward an avian tree of life". In
Cracraft J, Donoghue MJ (eds.).
722:
The majority of the family is found in forests and woodland habitats. Species that live in more open woodlands tend to live in the higher levels of the trees but, in denser forest, live in the middle and lower levels. Other habitats used by the monarchs include savannahs and mangroves, and the
615:
The monarchs have a mostly Old World distribution. In the western end of their range, they are distributed through sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, and the islands of the tropical Indian Ocean. They also occur in South and
Southeastern Asia, north to Japan, down to
223:
songbirds with long tails. They inhabit forest or woodland across sub-Saharan Africa, south-east Asia, Australasia, and a number of
Pacific islands. Only a few species migrate. Many species decorate their cup-shaped nests with lichen.
281:
and his co-workers toward the end of the 20th century, however, it became clear that these apparently unrelated birds were all descended from a common ancestor: the same crow-like ancestor that gave rise to the
774:. The nests are in turn often aggressively defended by monarch species. In all species, the nest is an open cup on a branch, fork, or twig. In some species, the nests can be highly conspicuous.
673:
monarchs. The remaining genera are predominantly found in the Austro-Papuan and
Oceania regions. A few monotypic genera are restricted to Pacific islands; these include the Chuuk monarch (
2618:
2518:
2544:
301:. The narrower 'Core corvine' group now comprises the crows and ravens, shrikes, birds of paradise, fantails, monarchs, drongos, and mud nest builders.
2492:
2531:
987:
795:
334:
1137:
911:
603:
1027:
Mulder, Raoul; Robert
Ramiarison; Rayonné E. Emahalala (2003). "Ontogeny of male plumage dichromatism in Madagascar paradise flycatchers
1422:
1323:
1093:
937:
825:
2608:
1314:
1332:
1273:
1440:
1282:
758:). Only three species are known to engage in cooperative breeding, but many species are as yet unstudied. They are generally
2536:
1377:
1350:
1341:
791:
236:
making up the family were previously assigned to other groups, largely on the basis of general morphology or behaviour. The
1449:
49:
2297:
1431:
1395:
735:
580:
620:, and most of Australia. The family has managed to reach many Pacific islands, and several endemic genera occur across
2440:
2427:
1359:
739:
649:
have the widest distribution of any of the monarchs, ranging across almost all of sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, the
244:, since both build unusual nests from mud rather than vegetable matter. That family, Grallinidae, is now considered a
66:
2549:
1413:
1368:
953:
338:
1708:
1130:
2288:
2012:
1404:
1386:
143:
754:, with the pair bonds ranging from just a single season (as in the African paradise flycatcher) to life (the
2306:
514:
2380:
2105:
1943:
1525:
2580:
2445:
2261:
2243:
2225:
1717:
1240:
274:
1507:
1010:
571:, where the female is identical to the male except for a slight buff on the throat; strikingly, in the
599:
is fully migratory, breeding in southern
Australia and migrating to northern Australia and New Guinea.
2613:
2559:
2466:
2342:
2123:
2021:
2003:
1994:
1934:
1916:
1790:
1658:
1516:
1123:
1058:
Marchant, S (1983). "Suggested nesting association between Leaden
Flycatchers and Noisy Friarbirds".
690:
568:
422:
575:, where the male is almost entirely white and the female entirely black; or non-existent, as in the
297:
More recently, the grouping has been refined somewhat as the original concept of
Corvida has proven
2351:
2270:
2216:
2072:
2063:
1985:
1853:
1781:
1690:
1297:
1222:
1115:
870:
751:
468:
346:
241:
209:
2324:
2207:
2189:
1826:
1726:
759:
245:
169:
61:
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1109:
2567:
2453:
2333:
2279:
2252:
2234:
1817:
1594:
1567:
1549:
1249:
1231:
1089:
933:
907:
821:
767:
637:
608:
564:
342:
2523:
2418:
766:
closely together. Nesting sites may also be chosen close to aggressive species. For example,
557:. The tails are generally long and spectacularly so in the paradise flycatchers in the genus
2572:
2315:
2198:
1925:
1835:
1618:
1067:
1040:
961:
731:
596:
2114:
1699:
1086:
Handbook of the Birds of the World, Volume 11: Old World
Flycatchers to Old World Warblers
771:
762:, defending territories that are around 2 ha in size, but a few species may cluster their
510:
309:
2081:
2039:
1976:
1967:
1907:
1889:
1871:
1799:
1576:
1558:
866:
727:
576:
554:
350:
278:
723:
terrestrial magpie-lark occurs in most
Australian habitats except the driest deserts.
2602:
2096:
1898:
1808:
1772:
1763:
1748:
1636:
1585:
1044:
842:
703:
658:
572:
550:
486:
449:
440:
431:
1490:
657:, southern and eastern Asia as far as Korea, Afghanistan, the Philippines, and the
2432:
2165:
2132:
1880:
1862:
1627:
1264:
678:
663:
369:
298:
267:
253:
41:
2458:
2505:
2412:
2156:
2054:
2030:
1844:
645:
559:
477:
464:
378:
263:
249:
237:
220:
591:
1673:
1213:
669:
654:
650:
621:
617:
542:
395:
360:
287:
205:
180:
2403:
2479:
1609:
1184:
1178:
763:
709:
629:
625:
530:
413:
305:
201:
128:
118:
78:
713:
monarchs, both of which are found in Melanesia and west Polynesia, and the
541:. The bills of some species are quite large and the heavy-set bills of the
17:
2397:
2147:
1958:
1166:
965:
726:
While the majority of monarchs are resident, a few species are partially
534:
495:
458:
258:
213:
98:
2180:
1540:
755:
742:
makes a series of poorly understood intra-African migratory movements.
715:
698:
682:
546:
504:
404:
291:
262:, on the basis of molecular evidence. The white-winged chough and the
233:
1071:
957:
2510:
1160:
633:
283:
248:
of Monarchidae. It was formerly considered to have four species. The
88:
2497:
2374:
667:, is restricted to Africa. The other exclusively Asian genus is the
286:. On that basis they were previously included as a subfamily of the
2484:
889:
The Taxonomy and Species of Birds of Australia and its Territories
602:
590:
509:
463:
1172:
549:
of the family ranges from sombre, such as the almost monochrome
538:
108:
2378:
1474:
1197:
1119:
294:, although it is now treated at familial rank as Monarchidae.
2471:
533:
birds that are generally arboreal (with the exception of the
508:– broad-billed flycatchers (20 species of which 1 extinct)
770:' nests may be located near the nests of the aggressive
1084:
del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D., eds. (2006).
719:
monarchs, which are exclusively Polynesian in origin.
240:, for example, was assigned to the same family as the
304:
The monarchs are small to medium-sized insectivorous
2387:
2178:
2145:
2094:
2052:
1956:
1761:
1739:
1671:
1649:
1607:
1538:
1488:
1295:
1262:
1211:
320:The monarch family has fifteen genera as follows:
932:. New York: Oxford Univ. Press. pp. 468–89.
816:Garnett, Stephen (1991). Forshaw, Joseph (ed.).
537:). They are mostly slim birds and possess broad
992:) and the case for species status for the form
1131:
956:; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, P, eds. (2021).
820:. London: Merehurst Press. pp. 200–201.
8:
1003:Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
904:Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds
701:. Other Pacific genera are the shrikebills (
583:, the males have two or more colour morphs.
545:are used to probe dead wood and leaves. The
256:were moved into Monarchidae, into the genus
906:. Canberra: CSIRO Publishing. p. 174.
382:– typical paradise flycatchers (17 species)
2375:
1485:
1471:
1208:
1194:
1138:
1124:
1116:
40:
31:
877:. Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn.
697:) which is restricted to the islands of
333:
960:. International Ornithologists' Union.
796:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
783:
661:. The other paradise flycatcher genus,
273:With the new insights generated by the
2619:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte
643:The paradise flycatchers of the genus
611:on a nest constructed on forked branch
553:, to spectacular, as displayed by the
902:Christidis, L.; Boles, W. E. (2008).
887:Christidis, L.; Boles, W. E. (1994).
875:Phylogeny and classification of birds
529:The monarchs are a diverse family of
7:
2560:77f56b62-0a77-49ec-b228-3dfd99e76c3e
579:. In some species, for example, the
567:in plumage can be subtle, as in the
1324:Rufous-vented paradise flycatcher (
734:, is fully migratory, although the
738:is almost entirely migratory. The
25:
1333:Red-bellied paradise flycatcher (
1274:Blue-mantled crested flycatcher (
1441:Seychelles paradise flycatcher (
1283:Blue-headed crested flycatcher (
1045:10.1034/j.1600-048X.2002.02888.x
232:Some of the one hundred or more
200:) comprise a family of over 100
65:
1450:Mascarene paradise flycatcher (
1315:Bedford's paradise flycatcher (
1112:on the Internet Bird Collection
818:Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds
677:) in the Micronesian island of
2298:Chestnut-throated flycatcher (
1432:Malagasy paradise flycatcher (
1423:São Tomé paradise flycatcher (
1396:Japanese paradise flycatcher (
958:"World Bird List Version 11.2"
841:Roberson, Don (9 March 2012).
408:(9 species of which 3 extinct)
1:
1378:Blyth's paradise flycatcher (
1360:African paradise flycatcher (
1351:Bates's paradise flycatcher (
1342:Annobón paradise flycatcher (
847:creagrus.home.montereybay.com
50:Mascarene paradise flycatcher
1414:Rufous paradise flycatcher (
1369:Indian paradise flycatcher (
1088:. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.
1009:(4): 299–308. Archived from
736:Japanese paradise flycatcher
581:Malagasy paradise flycatcher
266:were assigned to the family
1709:Black-throated shrikebill (
930:Assembling the tree of life
750:The monarchs are generally
740:African paradise flycatcher
2635:
2289:Azure-crested flycatcher (
2013:Chestnut-bellied monarch (
1405:Blue paradise flycatcher (
1387:Amur paradise flycatcher (
988:"The Pacific shrikebills (
499:– magpie-larks (2 species)
339:Indian paradise flycatcher
2307:Broad-billed flycatcher (
1484:
1470:
1207:
1193:
1155:
1110:Monarch flycatcher videos
435:– shrikebills (5 species)
175:
168:
156:
151:
62:Scientific classification
60:
54:Terpsiphone bourbonnensis
48:
39:
34:
2106:Ochre-collared monarch (
1944:White-collared monarch (
1033:Journal of Avian Biology
587:Distribution and habitat
308:, many of which hunt by
2609:Birds described in 1854
2262:Melanesian flycatcher (
2244:Steel-blue flycatcher (
2226:Biak black flycatcher (
1718:Santa Cruz shrikebill (
1241:Short-crested monarch (
515:Broad-billed flycatcher
2343:Paperbark flycatcher (
2124:Frill-necked monarch (
2022:White-capped monarch (
2004:Bougainville monarch (
1995:Black-winged monarch (
1935:Kolombangara monarch (
1917:Black-tailed monarch (
1791:Black-bibbed monarch (
1659:Buff-bellied monarch (
1305:(Paradise flycatchers)
612:
600:
517:
471:
426:– buff-bellied monarch
354:
2581:Paleobiology Database
2352:Restless flycatcher (
2271:Vanikoro flycatcher (
2217:Moluccan flycatcher (
2073:White-naped monarch (
2064:White-eared monarch (
1986:Black-faced monarch (
1854:Tanahjampea monarch (
1782:Spot-winged monarch (
1691:Southern shrikebill (
1223:Black-naped monarch (
1150:(family: Monarchidae)
606:
594:
513:
467:
337:
275:DNA-DNA hybridisation
219:Monarchids are small
204:birds which includes
2325:Shining flycatcher (
2208:Pohnpei flycatcher (
2190:Oceanic flycatcher (
1827:Spectacled monarch (
1727:Rennell shrikebill (
986:Duston, Guy (2006).
966:10.14344/IOC.ML.11.2
871:Ahlquist, Jon Edward
867:Sibley, Charles Gald
691:buff-bellied monarch
569:paperbark flycatcher
210:paradise flycatchers
2334:Velvet flycatcher (
2280:Samoan flycatcher (
2253:Makira flycatcher (
2235:Leaden flycatcher (
1818:Louisiade monarch (
1693:C. pachycephaloides
1595:Fatu Hiva monarch (
1568:Marquesan monarch (
1550:Rarotonga monarch (
1250:Celestial monarch (
1232:Pale-blue monarch (
1148:monarch flycatchers
469:Black-faced monarch
347:Rangareddy district
242:white-winged chough
2316:Satin flycatcher (
2300:M. castaneigularis
2199:Palau flycatcher (
2117:A. telescopthalmus
2015:M. castaneiventris
1926:Solomons monarch (
1836:Moluccan monarch (
1619:Vanikoro monarch (
1526:Hawaiʻi ʻelepaio (
1029:Terpsiphone mutata
891:. Melbourne: RAOU.
768:leaden flycatchers
613:
601:
518:
472:
355:
324:FAMILY MONARCHIDAE
2596:
2595:
2568:Open Tree of Life
2381:Taxon identifiers
2372:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2115:Frilled monarch (
2006:M. erythrostictus
1700:Fiji shrikebill (
1684:
1508:Kauaʻi ʻelepaio (
1501:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1308:
1072:10.1071/MU9830119
913:978-0-643-06511-6
609:pale-blue monarch
565:Sexual dimorphism
343:Ananthagiri Hills
290:, along with the
190:
189:
147:
16:(Redirected from
2626:
2589:
2588:
2576:
2575:
2563:
2562:
2553:
2552:
2540:
2539:
2527:
2526:
2514:
2513:
2501:
2500:
2488:
2487:
2475:
2474:
2462:
2461:
2449:
2448:
2436:
2435:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2376:
2291:M. azureocapilla
2082:Golden monarch (
2040:Tinian monarch (
1977:Island monarch (
1968:Rufous monarch (
1908:Mussau monarch (
1890:Hooded monarch (
1872:Kofiau monarch (
1800:Flores monarch (
1720:C. sanctaecrucis
1683:
1682:
1678:
1577:Ua Pou monarch (
1559:Tahiti monarch (
1528:C. sandwichensis
1517:O'ahu ʻelepaio (
1500:
1499:
1495:
1486:
1478:
1472:
1452:T. bourbonnensis
1425:T. atrochalybeia
1307:
1306:
1302:
1209:
1201:
1195:
1140:
1133:
1126:
1117:
1099:
1076:
1075:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1000:
983:
977:
976:
974:
972:
950:
944:
943:
924:
918:
917:
899:
893:
892:
884:
878:
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
838:
832:
831:
813:
807:
806:
804:
802:
788:
732:satin flycatcher
597:satin flycatcher
184:
142:
70:
69:
44:
32:
21:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2584:
2579:
2571:
2566:
2558:
2556:
2548:
2543:
2535:
2530:
2522:
2517:
2509:
2504:
2496:
2491:
2483:
2478:
2470:
2465:
2457:
2452:
2444:
2439:
2431:
2426:
2417:
2416:
2411:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2383:
2373:
2360:
2273:M. vanikorensis
2255:M. cervinicauda
2174:
2141:
2090:
2048:
2042:M. takatsukasae
1952:
1899:Manus monarch (
1820:S. melanopterus
1809:Boano monarch (
1773:Black monarch (
1757:
1749:Chuuk monarch (
1735:
1711:C. nigrogularis
1680:
1679:
1677:
1667:
1645:
1637:Slaty monarch (
1603:
1586:Iphis monarch (
1534:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1480:
1476:
1458:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1291:
1258:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1151:
1144:
1106:
1096:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1013:
998:
985:
984:
980:
970:
968:
952:
951:
947:
940:
926:
925:
921:
914:
901:
900:
896:
886:
885:
881:
865:
861:
851:
849:
840:
839:
835:
828:
815:
814:
810:
800:
798:
790:
789:
785:
780:
772:noisy friarbird
748:
681:, the Hawaiian
589:
527:
444:– Chuuk monarch
318:
230:
179:
141:
64:
28:
27:Family of birds
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2632:
2630:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2601:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2577:
2564:
2554:
2541:
2528:
2515:
2502:
2489:
2476:
2463:
2450:
2437:
2424:
2409:
2393:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2349:
2340:
2331:
2322:
2313:
2304:
2295:
2286:
2282:M. albiventris
2277:
2268:
2259:
2250:
2246:M. ferrocyanea
2241:
2232:
2223:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2166:Torrent-lark (
2163:
2153:
2151:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2133:Pied monarch (
2130:
2121:
2112:
2102:
2100:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2079:
2070:
2060:
2058:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2037:
2028:
2019:
2010:
2001:
1992:
1983:
1979:M. cinerascens
1974:
1964:
1962:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1941:
1932:
1923:
1914:
1905:
1896:
1887:
1881:Biak monarch (
1878:
1869:
1863:Buru monarch (
1860:
1851:
1842:
1838:S. bimaculatus
1833:
1829:S. trivirgatus
1824:
1815:
1806:
1797:
1788:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1745:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1655:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1634:
1628:Ogea monarch (
1625:
1621:M. schistaceus
1615:
1613:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1592:
1583:
1574:
1565:
1556:
1546:
1544:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1504:
1502:
1482:
1481:
1475:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1402:
1398:T. atrocaudata
1393:
1384:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1326:T. rufocinerea
1321:
1311:
1309:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1280:
1270:
1268:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1247:
1238:
1229:
1219:
1217:
1205:
1204:
1202:Terpsiphoninae
1198:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1181:
1175:
1169:
1163:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1105:
1104:External links
1102:
1101:
1100:
1094:
1078:
1077:
1066:(2): 119–122.
1050:
1039:(4): 342–348.
1019:
1016:on 2009-01-05.
978:
945:
938:
919:
912:
894:
879:
859:
833:
826:
808:
782:
781:
779:
776:
747:
744:
588:
585:
577:Tahiti monarch
555:golden monarch
526:
523:
522:
521:
520:
519:
500:
491:
482:
473:
454:
445:
436:
427:
418:
409:
400:
385:
384:
383:
374:
365:
351:Andhra Pradesh
331:Terpsiphoninae
317:
316:Taxonomic list
314:
229:
226:
188:
187:
186:
185:
173:
172:
166:
165:
164:
163:
160:
159:Terpsiphoninae
154:
153:
149:
148:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
58:
57:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2631:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2429:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2377:
2357:
2355:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2318:M. cyanoleuca
2314:
2312:
2310:
2309:M. ruficollis
2305:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2264:M. caledonica
2260:
2258:
2256:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2169:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2159:G. cyanoleuca
2157:Magpie-lark (
2155:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2084:C. chrysomela
2080:
2078:
2076:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2045:
2043:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2033:M. godeffroyi
2031:Yap monarch (
2029:
2027:
2025:
2024:M. richardsii
2020:
2018:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1988:M. melanopsis
1984:
1982:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1947:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1919:S. verticalis
1915:
1913:
1911:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1892:S. manadensis
1888:
1886:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1845:Kai monarch (
1843:
1841:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1802:S. sacerdotum
1798:
1796:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1764:Symposiachrus
1760:
1754:
1752:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1681:(Shrikebills)
1676:
1675:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1630:M. versicolor
1626:
1624:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1531:
1529:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1473:
1469:
1455:
1453:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1416:T. cinnamomea
1412:
1410:
1408:
1407:T. cyanescens
1403:
1401:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1335:T. rufiventer
1331:
1329:
1327:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1276:T. cyanomelas
1272:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1183:Superfamily:
1182:
1180:
1179:Passeriformes
1176:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1149:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1095:84-96553-06-X
1091:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1020:
1012:
1008:
1004:
997:
995:
994:sanctaecrucis
991:
990:Clytorhynchus
982:
979:
967:
963:
959:
955:
949:
946:
941:
939:0-19-517234-5
935:
931:
923:
920:
915:
909:
905:
898:
895:
890:
883:
880:
876:
872:
868:
863:
860:
848:
844:
837:
834:
829:
827:1-85391-186-0
823:
819:
812:
809:
797:
793:
792:"Monarchidae"
787:
784:
777:
775:
773:
769:
765:
764:nesting sites
761:
757:
753:
745:
743:
741:
737:
733:
730:and one, the
729:
724:
720:
718:
717:
712:
711:
706:
705:
704:Clytorhynchus
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:
666:
665:
660:
659:Lesser Sundas
656:
652:
648:
647:
641:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
610:
605:
598:
593:
586:
584:
582:
578:
574:
573:Chuuk monarch
570:
566:
562:
561:
556:
552:
551:black monarch
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
524:
516:
512:
507:
506:
501:
498:
497:
492:
489:
488:
483:
480:
479:
474:
470:
466:
461:
460:
455:
452:
451:
450:Symposiachrus
446:
443:
442:
437:
434:
433:
432:Clytorhynchus
428:
425:
424:
419:
416:
415:
410:
407:
406:
401:
398:
397:
392:
391:
390:
386:
381:
380:
375:
372:
371:
366:
363:
362:
357:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
327:
326:
325:
321:
315:
313:
311:
307:
302:
300:
295:
293:
289:
285:
280:
276:
271:
269:
265:
261:
260:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
227:
225:
222:
221:insectivorous
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
182:
177:
176:
174:
171:
167:
161:
158:
157:
155:
150:
145:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
127:
125:Superfamily:
124:
123:
120:
119:Passeriformes
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
77:
74:
73:
68:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2388:
2353:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2290:
2281:
2272:
2263:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2227:
2218:
2209:
2201:M. erythrops
2200:
2191:
2179:
2167:
2158:
2146:
2134:
2125:
2116:
2108:A. insularis
2107:
2095:
2083:
2074:
2065:
2053:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1978:
1970:M. rubiensis
1969:
1957:
1945:
1936:
1927:
1918:
1909:
1900:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1865:S. loricatus
1864:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1828:
1819:
1811:S. boanensis
1810:
1801:
1792:
1783:
1775:S. axillaris
1774:
1762:
1750:
1740:
1728:
1719:
1710:
1702:C. vitiensis
1701:
1692:
1674:Clytorhychus
1672:
1661:N. banksiana
1660:
1650:
1638:
1629:
1620:
1608:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1569:
1560:
1552:P. dimidiata
1551:
1539:
1527:
1518:
1509:
1489:
1451:
1442:
1433:
1424:
1415:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1343:
1334:
1325:
1316:
1296:
1284:
1275:
1265:Trochocercus
1263:
1252:H. coelestis
1251:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1212:
1147:
1085:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1011:the original
1006:
1002:
993:
989:
981:
969:. Retrieved
948:
929:
922:
903:
897:
888:
882:
874:
862:
850:. Retrieved
846:
836:
817:
811:
799:. Retrieved
786:
749:
725:
721:
714:
708:
702:
694:
686:
674:
668:
664:Trochocercus
662:
644:
642:
614:
558:
535:magpie-larks
528:
503:
494:
485:
476:
457:
453:(23 species)
448:
439:
430:
421:
412:
403:
394:
388:
377:
370:Trochocercus
368:
359:
330:
323:
322:
319:
303:
299:paraphyletic
296:
272:
268:Corcoracidae
257:
254:torrent-lark
231:
218:
214:magpie-larks
197:
193:
191:
178:Grallinidae
152:Subfamilies
138:
53:
35:Monarchidae
29:
2614:Monarchidae
2506:iNaturalist
2433:Monarchidae
2419:Monarchidae
2413:Wikispecies
2389:Monarchidae
2354:M. inquieta
2336:M. hebetior
2237:M. rubecula
2192:M. oceanica
2126:A. lorealis
2075:C. pileatus
2066:C. leucotis
2055:Carterornis
1928:S. barbatus
1874:S. julianae
1856:S. everetti
1847:S. leucurus
1751:M. rugensis
1597:P. whitneyi
1570:P. mendozae
1510:C. sclateri
1498:(‘Elepaios)
1479:Monarchinae
1371:T. paradisi
1317:T. bedfordi
1298:Terpsiphone
954:Gill, Frank
760:territorial
689:), and the
646:Terpsiphone
560:Terpsiphone
543:shrikebills
525:Description
490:(4 species)
481:(4 species)
478:Carterornis
462:(9 species)
417:(3 species)
399:(3 species)
389:Monarchinae
379:Terpsiphone
373:(2 species)
364:(4 species)
310:flycatching
277:studies of
264:apostlebird
250:magpie-lark
238:magpie-lark
206:shrikebills
198:Monarchidae
162:Monarchinae
139:Monarchidae
18:Monarchidae
2603:Categories
2219:M. galeata
2168:G. bruijni
1910:S. menckei
1901:S. infelix
1883:S. brehmii
1784:S. guttula
1729:C. hamlini
1639:M. lessoni
1491:Chasiempis
1443:T. corvina
1380:T. affinis
1362:T. viridis
1344:T. smithii
1243:H. helenae
1214:Hypothymis
843:"Monarchs"
778:References
752:monogamous
707:) and the
687:Chasiempis
670:Hypothymis
655:Seychelles
651:Mascarenes
632:as far as
622:Micronesia
618:New Guinea
396:Chasiempis
387:Subfamily
361:Hypothymis
329:Subfamily
306:passerines
288:Dicruridae
2327:M. alecto
1997:M. frater
1937:S. browni
1793:S. mundus
1741:Metabolus
1651:Neolalage
1610:Mayrornis
1519:C. ibidis
1477:Subfamily
1434:T. mutata
1353:T. batesi
1285:T. nitens
1234:H. puella
1225:H. azurea
1200:Subfamily
1185:Corvoidea
1159:Kingdom:
728:migratory
710:Mayrornis
695:Neolalage
675:Metabolus
638:Marquesas
630:Polynesia
626:Melanesia
531:passerine
441:Metabolus
423:Neolalage
414:Mayrornis
202:passerine
144:Bonaparte
129:Corvoidea
85:Kingdom:
79:Eukaryota
2398:Wikidata
2210:M. pluto
2148:Grallina
2135:A. kaupi
1959:Monarcha
1946:S. vidua
1588:P. iphis
1561:P. nigra
1389:T. incei
1167:Chordata
1165:Phylum:
1161:Animalia
971:1 August
873:(1990):
801:26 March
746:Breeding
636:and the
496:Grallina
459:Monarcha
353:, India.
341:male at
292:fantails
259:Grallina
252:and the
228:Taxonomy
196:(family
194:monarchs
170:Synonyms
135:Family:
99:Chordata
95:Phylum:
89:Animalia
75:Domain:
2404:Q681374
2345:M. nana
2228:M. atra
2181:Myiagra
1579:P. mira
1541:Pomarea
1177:Order:
1171:Class:
1146:Extant
852:5 April
756:Elepaio
716:Pomarea
699:Vanuatu
683:Elepaio
607:Female
547:plumage
505:Myiagra
405:Pomarea
284:drongos
246:synonym
234:species
115:Order:
105:Class:
2586:143828
2573:817406
2557:NZOR:
2550:461250
2537:553444
2524:115652
2485:1MONAF
1092:
936:
910:
869:&
824:
634:Hawaii
628:, and
502:Genus
493:Genus
484:Genus
475:Genus
456:Genus
447:Genus
438:Genus
429:Genus
420:Genus
411:Genus
402:Genus
393:Genus
376:Genus
367:Genus
358:Genus
279:Sibley
212:, and
183:, 1950
146:, 1854
2519:IRMNG
2511:71338
2446:88822
2097:Arses
1014:(PDF)
999:(PDF)
679:Chuuk
539:bills
487:Arses
345:, in
2545:NCBI
2532:ITIS
2498:5256
2493:GBIF
2480:EPPO
2472:1639
2441:BOLD
1173:Aves
1090:ISBN
973:2021
934:ISBN
908:ISBN
854:2021
822:ISBN
803:2021
653:and
595:The
192:The
181:Mayr
109:Aves
2467:EoL
2459:CVP
2454:CoL
2428:AFD
1068:doi
1060:Emu
1041:doi
1031:".
1007:126
962:doi
349:of
2605::
2583::
2570::
2547::
2534::
2521::
2508::
2495::
2482::
2469::
2456::
2443::
2430::
2415::
2400::
1064:83
1062:.
1037:33
1035:.
1005:.
1001:.
845:.
794:.
640:.
624:,
563:.
312:.
270:.
216:.
208:,
56:)
2356:)
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2338:)
2329:)
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2110:)
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2017:)
2008:)
1999:)
1990:)
1981:)
1972:)
1948:)
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1139:e
1132:t
1125:v
1098:.
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1047:.
1043::
996:"
975:.
964::
942:.
916:.
856:.
830:.
805:.
693:(
685:(
52:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
