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were full of trees which produced an abundance of fruit for the population. However, in the final years of his reign, the Ma'rib Dam became neglected and then collapsed, resulting in several of the
Qahtanite tribes evacuating from Yemen, and emigrating to other places in the
292:, is quoted as saying; "Yemen calls us to Saba' and we respond to it, and we are the kings of the people since the time of Tubba', when the kingdom was in the sons of 'Amr (referring to Muzayqiya)." This is supported by historical inscriptions, for example the
35:
243:
The rule of
Muzayqiya has been dated to the 2nd century CE. He became ruler after his brother, the priest-king Imran ibn 'Amir, had died. The early years of his rule were prosperous, especially for agriculture; the gardens underneath the
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is recorded as having sent a delegation to a certain king of
Ghassan and Azd. This might have referred to the sons of Muzayqiya who ruled other parts of Yemen except for the territory of
634:
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Map of the
Arabian Peninsula by Francesco Berlinghieri, based on Ptolemy's work. The Ghassanids are seen in the western part of the peninsula; under the name Casaniti.
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Muzayqiya's real name was 'Amr, and his father was the patriarch 'Amir Ma' as-Sama. He also had a brother named Imran, whom he succeeded in leadership of
568:
465:
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552:
366:
649:
Nebes, Norbert 2004. A new ʾAbraha inscription from the Great Dam of Mārib. Proceedings of the
Seminar for Arabian Studies
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in the 2nd century CE. Muzayqiya succeeded his brother Imran in the leadership of the kingdom. During his time, the
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identifies the
Ghassanids as living at a place not far from the mouth of a river that is connected to the ocean.
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665:
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A bronze statue of an
Arabian king found in Yemen, dating to around the same time period as Muzayqiya.
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A map of Yemen, with the red highlighted part being the land of the Akk, where
Muzayqiya emigrated to
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191:
632:
DASI: Digital
Archive for the Study of pre-islamic Arabian -RES 4775+4776 RES 3441; Gl 551+1005.
323:, received the name "Ghassan" due to an abundant water source near the place they emigrated to.
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184:'Amr ibn 'Amir ibn Haritha ibn Imru' al-Qays ibn Tha'laba ibn Mazin ibn 'Abd Allah ibn 'Azd
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in the 2nd century CE. A second collapse of the dam is mentioned during the reign of the
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The collapse of the Ma'rib Dam is documented in several inscriptions from the reign of
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Constructing Al-Azd: Tribal
Identity and Society in the Early Islamic Centuries
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Evidence for the mass emigration from Yemen has been found as well.
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Arabs in the Early Islamic Empire: Exploring al-Azd Tribal Identity
406:(in Arabic) (5th ed.). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar El Ilm Lilmalayin.
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276:) with some his family and people, where he fell ill and died.
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The descendants of Muzayqiya, from each of his sons, include:
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tribe as well as a descendant of ancient Arabian patriarch
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extended his lineage further and indicated he was from the
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Ptolemy, Claudio (1482). Berlinghleri, Francesco (ed.).
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593:"العقد الفريد - ابن عبد ربه - مکتبة مدرسة الفقاهة"
423:. Cairo, Egypt: Al-Matba'a al-Amira al-Sharqiyyah.
440:(1st ed.). Beirut, Lebanon: Alam Al Kutub.
268:Muzayqiya himself emigrated to the land of the
518:Ibn Kathir (2 May 2014). "The Story of Saba".
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186:; tracing his genealogy back to that of the
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460:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
437:Kitab al-Nisab Ma'ad wa al-Yaman al-Kabir
319:narrated that the Ghassanids, including
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171:. Muzayqiya had several sons including
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150:collapsed which resulted in several
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367:List of rulers of Saba' and Himyar
142:tribes and a king ruling parts of
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501:كتاب نهاية الارب: فى اخبار العرب
543:Arafat, Walid. N., ed. (1971).
178:His full lineage, according to
154:tribes emigrating from Yemen.
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569:"Sabaean Inscription: ZI 75"
498:اسكندر،, ابكاريوس، (1852).
481:Ulrich, Brian John (2008).
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545:Diwan of Hassan ibn Thabit
504:(in Arabic). مطبعة الفعلة.
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175:, Tha'laba and Haritha.
116:South Arabian polytheism
547:. Gibb Memorial Trust.
454:Ulrich, Brian (2019).
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138:was the leader of the
521:Stories of the Qur'an
434:Ibn al-Kalbi (1988).
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215:From Tha'laba – The
402:al-Zirikli (2002).
226:From Haritha – The
192:Hisham ibn al-Kalbi
637:2023-06-26 at the
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284:The Arab poet and
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209:From Jafnah – The
467:978-1-4744-3682-3
332:Dhamar Ali Yahbur
290:Hassan ibn Thabit
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107:'Amir Ma' as-Sama
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599:(in Arabic)
573:dasi.cnr.it
342:in 454 CE.
280:Historicity
59:Predecessor
619:Geographia
603:2024-08-24
578:2024-08-24
530:B00K3U3PL8
378:References
352:Ghassanids
257:regions.
246:Ma'rib Dam
211:Ghassanids
148:Ma'rib Dam
336:Himyarite
255:Levantine
158:Biography
152:Qahtanite
124:Muzayqiya
22:Muzayqiya
660:Category
635:Archived
621:. Italy.
404:al-A'lam
346:See also
304:itself.
112:Religion
362:Khazraj
325:Ptolemy
294:Sabaean
253:or the
221:Khazraj
190:tribe.
132:مزيقياء
551:
528:
464:
286:Sahaba
234:tribes
223:tribes
200:Qahtan
196:Kahlan
173:Jafnah
169:Kahlan
163:Family
128:Arabic
104:Father
94:Kahlan
373:Notes
338:king
302:Saba'
296:king
232:Bariq
144:Yemen
89:House
82:Yemen
46:Reign
549:ISBN
526:ASIN
462:ISBN
239:Rule
230:and
219:and
136:'Amr
67:Died
357:Aws
270:Akk
217:Aws
188:Azd
182:is
140:Azd
98:Azd
80:of
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510:^
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386:^
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126:(
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