38:
1337:
1331:
107:
279:
620:
45:
390:
North of the old town along the road to the
Kyaukse Industrial Zone lies a settlement known colloquially as "Myinsaing Village". Neither the old town nor the village appears to be incorporated as a village or ward under the name of Myinsaing. Burmese government maps of Kyaukse Township from 2019 and
596:
The pagoda is no longer brick strewn but most of the original stoneworks around the pagoda have been lost. Only two of the original votive tablets have survived; one of which is chipped on the upper righthand
409:
Road that connects
Kyaukse in the west to the Kyaukse Industrial Zone in the east. In 2017, a 0.8 km (0.50 mi) long dirt road connected the old town and the main road, which in turn was connected to
309:, it was at Myinsaing where the brothers made their last stand. The town's fortified defenses with triple adjoining ramparts withstood a 10-week siege by the Mongols who withdrew after receiving a bribe.
544:
Per inscriptional evidence, Kyawswa became king on 30 May 1289. Furthermore, a contemporary inscription, dated 19 February 1293, states that the brothers were lords of
Myinsaing, Mekkhaya and Pinle.
554:
The siege began on 25 January 1301. Upon receiving a bribe of 800 taels (30 kg) of gold and 2200 taels (83 kg) of silver, the Mongol army withdrew between 6 April 1301 and 8 April 1301.
387:, which has been partially repaired. Other areas of interest include traces of the three rings of ancient ramparts and the excavated foundation base of the old palace inside the walls.
219:. In the present day, the historical capital area is known as the Myinsaing Old Town (မြင်စိုင်း မြို့ဟောင်း). To its north lies a settlement known colloquially as "Myinsaing Village".
995:"Myanmar: Kyaukse Township – Mandalay Region – As per the September 2019 Government Gazette (revised November 2020 with Commonly-used Local Names) (27 Nov 2020) [EN/MY]"
994:
1705:
367:
report states that the
Myinsaing old town by then was "a brick-strewn area, which two large but much damaged pagodas", surrounded by "traces of the walls".
332:
Myinsaing remained a symbolically important fief for another century. Its governorship was held by the closest members of the royal family including Gov.
482:
The inscription describes a series of religious donations by the daughter of
Minister Thingathu. The donations were made on Thursday, the 7th waxing of
1267:
345:
397:
states that the "large village" of "Myinsaing" had a post-primary school and a few district-level offices, and that new wards were being planned.
316:
as well as a proper palace in 1301. Myinsaing's status as the premier de facto capital ended when
Athinkhaya died in 1310. The youngest brother
1026:
1160:
465:(r. 1174–1211), Weluwaddy's husband. Kyaukse was the administrative center of the districts, which consisted of five districts along the
119:
503:
as early as 1289, the year of King
Kyawswa's accession. Chronicles do not agree on who was appointed governor of Myinsaing by Kyawswa:
611:
1106:
1669:
69:
306:
241:
236:, Myinsaing in the 1170s was a small settlement that later became part of the Nine Irrigated Districts (ရေလွှဲ ကိုးခရိုင်) of
1120:
37:
1260:
411:
1074:
423:
212:
1629:
289:
Myinsaing became one of the three de facto capitals of the rump kingdom in 1297 when the brothers overthrew King
614:(GAD) report shows the area immediately east of Kyaukse town's boundary as Taungnatha, and as being part of the
355:(မြို့သူကြီး). It was still an appanage awarded to members of the royal family. Its last feudal lord was Prince
240:. The settlement is mentioned in a 1266 stone inscription. It remained a small village until the 1280s when the
1609:
1253:
443:
391:
2020 show the area immediately east of
Kyaukse town as Taungnatha (တောင်နံ့သာ). At any rate, a 2017 article in
384:
341:
313:
282:
360:
1700:
1363:
1358:
1108:
The 2014 Myanmar
Population and Housing Census: Mandalay Region, Kyaukse District, Kyaukse Township Report
356:
1467:
1373:
1368:
364:
1198:"မြင်စိုင်းနန်းဦးစေတီတွင် ရှေးဟောင်းဇာတ်တော် စဉ့်ကွင်းများနှင့် စဉ့်ကွင်းစာများကို ယနေ့တိုင်လေ့လာနိုင်"
1510:
1383:
406:
405:
Myinsaing is part of the
Kyaukse road network. The modern village is situated along side the Kyaukse–
131:
470:
1500:
1482:
1378:
1178:
607:
606:
Myinsaing was not explicitly listed as an officially incorporated "ward" or "village tract" in the
615:
158:
1659:
1315:
1014:
233:
648:
1182:
1114:. Naypyidaw: Department of Population, Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population, Myanmar.
1639:
1533:
1520:
1472:
1459:
1449:
1434:
1426:
1406:
1401:
1393:
1345:
1022:
293:
for having submitted to the Mongols earlier in the year. The brothers put up a puppet king in
273:
216:
1206:
1528:
1439:
1416:
1336:
1310:
1305:
1297:
376:
290:
208:
199:
187:
146:
136:
320:, based out of Pinle, emerged as the undisputed ruler, and chose to build a new capital at
1574:
1490:
1444:
1320:
1276:
1165:
531:
174:
297:(Bagan) but they effectively ruled the kingdom out of their respective fiefs: Myinsaing,
1330:
1505:
1495:
1411:
351:
By 1802/03, it was no longer a royal governorship but instead was governed by a mayor,
333:
1694:
625:
462:
393:
337:
245:
153:
1564:
1089:
1079:
1065:
522:
514:
509:
466:
253:
1186:
1144:
1644:
1174:
1069:(in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (4th printing ed.). Yangon: Ya-Pyei Publishing.
1036:
260:—emerged as the main power brokers in the postwar era. By 1293, Myinsaing was a
305:. To be sure, Myinsaing was the primary capital of the three. When the Mongols
1634:
249:
84:
71:
1649:
1549:
1353:
1048:
456:
170:
165:
379:. The historical old town is located about 7 km (4.3 mi) east of
278:
628:. A 2020 government map also shows the area east of Kyaukse as Taungnatha.
1679:
1624:
1599:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1289:
1234:
1218:
317:
298:
257:
124:
1674:
1619:
1614:
1604:
1569:
1197:
1083:(in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2nd ed.). Yangon: Ya-Pyei Publishing.
490:, 9 July 1266. If it was on a Thursday, the date should be 8 July 1266.
483:
380:
348:, Myinsaing was listed as one of the 53 or 54 fortified towns of Ava.
237:
112:
1169:(in Burmese). Vol. 1–3. Yangon: Ministry of Information, Myanmar.
1654:
1060:
264:(မြို့) a district-level town ruled by a royal governor, Athinkhaya.
1664:
1594:
1554:
1245:
321:
302:
294:
277:
1559:
1249:
1188:
Inscriptions of Pagan, Pinya and Ava: Translation, with Notes
526:(1798) says Athinkhaya was appointed governor of Myinsaing.
363:
continued the fight against the British until 1886. A 1925
324:, 40 km (25 mi) northwest of Myinsaing, in 1313.
1041:
History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824
583:) of 1164 ME (1802/03 CE) and 1239 ME (1877/78 CE) by the
461:
The earliest of the nine districts were founded by King
359:, better known as the "Myinsaing Prince", who after the
1090:"Prince Myinzaing and Early Armed Resistance Movements"
1119:
Myanmar Information Management Unit (September 2019).
312:
In commemoration of the victory, Athinkhaya built the
1221:(December 1959). "History of Burma: A.D. 1300–1400".
1155:. Rangoon: Government Printing and Stationery, Burma.
517:
was appointed governor of Myinsaing by King Kyawswa.
1542:
1519:
1481:
1458:
1425:
1392:
1344:
1296:
1105:Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU) (2017).
164:
152:
142:
130:
118:
100:
21:
1143:Neild, Ralph; Searle, H.F.; Stewart, J.A. (1925).
1055:. New York and London: Cambridge University Press.
1126:[Kyaukse Township Regional Information]
1241:(in Burmese). Vol. 1. Yangon: Maha Dagon.
1121:Kyaukse Myone Daetha-hsaing-ya Achet-alet Mya
805:
803:
793:
791:
211:, Mandalay Region, Myanmar. It was one of the
1261:
1088:Mya Myintzu; Moe Moe Pyone; Kyaw Min (2020).
8:
772:
770:
760:
758:
1123:ကျောင်ဆည် မြို့နယ် ဒေသဆိုင်ရာ အချက်အလက်များ
568:
248:, and Myinsaing's native sons—the brothers
1268:
1254:
1246:
1191:. Rangoon: Archaeological Survey of India.
18:
1021:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
935:Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 154, footnote 5
1077:(2012) . Kyaw Win; Thein Hlaing (eds.).
685:
683:
640:
435:
163:
99:
64:
30:
1000:. Myanmar Information Management Unit.
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
459:(r. 1174–1186) was born in Myinsaing.
832:
830:
828:
826:
824:
698:Taw, Forchhammer, Tun Nyein 1899: 122
198:
151:
141:
129:
117:
7:
1161:Royal Historical Commission of Burma
1094:Meiktila University Research Journal
442:Based on the geo coordinates of the
1706:Populated places in Mandalay Region
1200:(in Burmese). Myanmar Digital News.
1100:(1). Meiktila: Meiktila University.
1043:. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
207:) is a historical site, located in
908:Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 311, 315
414:via the Kyaukse 15th Street Exit.
340:between 1340 and 1344, and Prince
336:, who served as the regent of the
213:three de facto capitals of Myanmar
44:
14:
1223:Journal of Burma Research Society
1207:"ကျောက်ဆည်လွင်ပြင်ထဲက မြင်စိုင်း"
926:Mya Myintzu, et al 2020: 116, 120
890:Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 446–447, 452
612:General Administration Department
383:town. Its main attraction is the
1335:
1329:
1196:Tein Taman (27 September 2020).
1019:Myanmar in the Fifteenth Century
375:Today, Myinsaing is part of the
105:
43:
36:
346:Ava–Hanthawaddy War (1401–1403)
1:
1205:Than Naing Oo (27 May 2017).
872:Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 271
716:Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 154
707:Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 254
668:Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 208
215:from 1297 to 1310 during the
845:Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 369–370
486:628 ME, which translates to
1130:(Report) (in Burmese). MIMU
752:Than Tun 1959: 119, 121–122
424:List of rulers of Myinsaing
344:(r. 1386–1426). During the
1722:
1239:Studies in Burmese History
271:
16:Place in Mandalay, Myanmar
1327:
1283:
649:"Myinsaing Nan Oo Pagoda"
203:; also transliterated as
191:
65:
31:
1122:
725:Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 361
677:Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 312
444:Nan Oo Pagoda, Myinsaing
342:Thray Sithu of Myinsaing
881:Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 59
361:Third Anglo-Burmese War
1364:Chanayethazan Township
1359:Aungmyethazan Township
1015:Aung-Thwin, Michael A.
917:Neild, et al 1925: 122
776:Aung-Thwin 2017: 25–26
734:Than Tun 1959: 119–120
689:Neild, et al 1925: 156
513:chronicle (1724) says
286:
1543:Main cities and towns
1468:Kyaukpadaung Township
1374:Maha Aungmye Township
1369:Chanmyathazi Township
764:Htin Aung 1967: 74–75
499:It may have become a
328:Post-Myinsaing period
307:invaded again in 1301
281:
200:[mjɪ̀ɰ̃záɪɰ̃]
1511:Thabeikkyin Township
1384:Pyigyidagun Township
899:Aung-Thwin 2017: 255
365:British colonial era
357:Thado Minye Yanshein
1501:Pyinoolwin Township
1483:Pyinoolwin District
1379:Patheingyi Township
1179:Emanuel Forchhammer
785:Aung-Thwin 2017: 28
563:Per the two extant
535:(1832) accepts the
469:and four along the
81: /
57:Location in Myanmar
1354:Amarapura Township
1316:Sintgaing Township
1145:"Kyaukse District"
1053:A History of Burma
957:Than Naing Oo 2017
863:Than Tun 1959: 124
809:Than Tun 1964: 137
797:Than Tun 1959: 122
743:Than Tun 1959: 121
412:National Highway 1
334:Sithu of Myinsaing
287:
1688:
1687:
1534:Yamethin Township
1521:Yamethin District
1473:Nyaung-U Township
1460:Nyaung-U District
1450:Taungtha Township
1435:Myingyan Township
1427:Myingyan District
1407:Meiktila Township
1402:Mahlaing Township
1394:Meiktila District
1346:Mandalay District
1028:978-0-8248-6783-6
274:Myinsaing Kingdom
232:According to the
181:
180:
85:21.600°N 96.200°E
1713:
1529:Pyawbwe Township
1440:Natogyi Township
1417:Wundwin Township
1339:
1333:
1311:Myittha Township
1306:Kyaukse Township
1298:Kyaukse District
1270:
1263:
1256:
1247:
1242:
1230:
1214:
1201:
1192:
1170:
1156:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1129:
1115:
1113:
1101:
1084:
1070:
1056:
1049:Htin Aung, Maung
1044:
1032:
1002:
1001:
999:
991:
985:
982:
976:
973:
967:
964:
958:
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933:
927:
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918:
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861:
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786:
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741:
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732:
726:
723:
717:
714:
708:
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678:
675:
669:
666:
660:
659:
657:
656:
645:
629:
624:
604:
598:
594:
588:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
561:
555:
552:
546:
497:
491:
480:
474:
453:
447:
440:
377:Kyaukse Township
268:Myinsaing period
242:Mongol invasions
234:royal chronicles
217:Myinsaing period
209:Kyaukse Township
202:
197:
193:
147:Kyaukse Township
137:Kyaukse District
111:
109:
108:
96:
95:
93:
92:
91:
86:
82:
79:
78:
77:
74:
47:
46:
40:
19:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1538:
1515:
1491:Madaya Township
1477:
1454:
1445:Ngazun Township
1421:
1412:Thazi Township
1388:
1340:
1334:
1325:
1321:Tada-U Township
1292:
1279:
1277:Mandalay Region
1274:
1233:
1217:
1204:
1195:
1173:
1166:Hmannan Yazawin
1159:
1149:Burma Gazetteer
1142:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1087:
1073:
1059:
1047:
1035:
1029:
1013:
1010:
1005:
997:
993:
992:
988:
983:
979:
974:
970:
966:MIMU 2017: 8–11
965:
961:
956:
939:
934:
930:
925:
921:
916:
912:
907:
903:
898:
894:
889:
885:
880:
876:
871:
867:
862:
858:
854:Harvey 1925: 78
853:
849:
844:
840:
836:Tein Taman 2020
835:
822:
818:Harvey 1925: 77
817:
813:
808:
801:
796:
789:
784:
780:
775:
768:
763:
756:
751:
747:
742:
738:
733:
729:
724:
720:
715:
711:
706:
702:
697:
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688:
681:
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618:
605:
601:
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580:
577:
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571:
562:
558:
553:
549:
542:
532:Hmannan Yazawin
498:
494:
481:
477:
460:
454:
450:
441:
437:
432:
420:
407:Hpyauk Seik Pin
403:
373:
330:
276:
270:
230:
225:
195:
106:
104:
89:
87:
83:
80:
75:
72:
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68:
67:
61:
60:
59:
58:
55:
54:
53:
52:
48:
27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1719:
1717:
1709:
1708:
1703:
1693:
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1686:
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1683:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
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1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1525:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1506:Singu Township
1503:
1498:
1496:Mogok Township
1493:
1487:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1431:
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1423:
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1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1302:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1231:
1215:
1202:
1193:
1171:
1157:
1140:
1116:
1102:
1085:
1071:
1057:
1045:
1033:
1027:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1003:
986:
977:
968:
959:
937:
928:
919:
910:
901:
892:
883:
874:
865:
856:
847:
838:
820:
811:
799:
787:
778:
766:
754:
745:
736:
727:
718:
709:
700:
691:
679:
670:
661:
639:
637:
634:
631:
630:
599:
589:
556:
547:
541:
540:
537:Yazawin Thit's
527:
518:
504:
492:
475:
471:Panlaung River
448:
434:
433:
431:
428:
427:
426:
419:
416:
402:
399:
372:
369:
329:
326:
272:Main article:
269:
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229:
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224:
221:
179:
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156:
150:
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144:
140:
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128:
127:
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116:
115:
102:
98:
97:
90:21.600; 96.200
63:
62:
56:
50:
49:
42:
41:
35:
34:
33:
32:
29:
28:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1718:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1701:Pagan Kingdom
1699:
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1502:
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1471:
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1463:
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1457:
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1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
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1436:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1418:
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651:. Google Maps
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285:in Myinsaing.
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66:Coordinates:
39:
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1565:Kyaukpadaung
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1175:Taw, Sein Ko
1164:
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1132:. Retrieved
1107:
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1080:Yazawin Thit
1078:
1066:Maha Yazawin
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616:Hngetkataung
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587:of Myinsaing
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523:Yazawin Thit
521:
515:Yazathingyan
510:Maha Yazawin
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467:Zawgyi River
451:
438:
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254:Yazathingyan
246:Pagan Empire
244:toppled the
231:
204:
183:
182:
159:Hngetkataung
1645:Thabeikkyin
619: [
608:2014 census
539:correction.
371:Present day
88: /
1695:Categories
1635:Pyinoolwin
1075:Maha Sithu
655:2024-06-09
636:References
585:myothugyis
567:(စစ်တန်း;
250:Athinkhaya
196:pronounced
192:မြင်စိုင်း
51:Myingsaing
26:မြင်စိုင်း
23:Myingsaing
1650:Sintgaing
1550:Amarapura
1183:Tun Nyein
1163:(2003) .
1063:(2006) .
610:. A 2019
457:Weluwaddy
401:Transport
353:myothugyi
205:Myinzaing
184:Myinsaing
166:Time zone
1680:Yamethin
1660:Taungtha
1625:Nyaung-U
1600:Myingyan
1590:Meiktila
1585:Mandalay
1580:Mahlaing
1290:Mandalay
1237:(1964).
1235:Than Tun
1219:Than Tun
1185:(1899).
1051:(1967).
1039:(1925).
1017:(2017).
463:Sithu II
418:See also
318:Thihathu
299:Mekkhaya
258:Thihathu
171:UTC+6.30
143:Township
132:District
125:Mandalay
1675:Wundwin
1640:Tagaung
1630:Pyawbwe
1620:Nganzun
1615:Natogyi
1610:Myittha
1605:Myitnge
1570:Kyaukse
1286:Capital
1061:Kala, U
597:corner.
572:
565:sittans
484:Wagaung
381:Kyaukse
291:Kyawswa
238:Kyaukse
223:History
188:Burmese
113:Myanmar
101:Country
76:96°12′E
73:21°36′N
1655:Tada-U
1575:Madaya
1134:7 July
1025:
578:census
488:Friday
455:Queen
120:Region
110:
1670:Thazi
1665:Singu
1595:Mogok
1555:Bagan
1229:(II).
1128:(PDF)
1112:(PDF)
998:(PDF)
623:]
430:Notes
322:Pinya
303:Pinle
295:Pagan
1560:Inwa
1227:XLII
1136:2024
1023:ISBN
569:lit.
529:The
520:The
507:The
301:and
256:and
501:myo
262:myo
175:MMT
1697::
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1181:;
1177:;
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1098:XI
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940:^
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186:(
177:)
173:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
