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The World Health
Organization states that it has no effect on snake-bites, bearing in mind that most snake-bites are from non-venomous snakes. They state that traditional medicines and other treatments such as wound incision or excision, suction, or application of "black stones" should be avoided.
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A Nigerian study recommended "education on the need to avoid the use of popular first aid measures of doubtful benefit." The same doctors later reported that black stones may be beneficial, but "those who used the black stone required significantly higher quantity of
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as being the size of a small nut.The quote about how the cure goes is as follows "An injury inflicted by a venomous creature is to be immersed in warm water or sour milk. The snake-stone is then dropped into the liquid to supposedly draw out the poison."
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as compared to those that used the tourniquet". In their report they noted slightly higher tissue necrosis in patients who use tourniquets, but this was not (statistically) significant; other scientists have recommended against tourniquets (see
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In Peru, a black stone is a small charred cow bone "applied to the site of a poisonous snakebite and tied firmly in place. It is left there for several days, during which time it supposedly draws the venom from the wound."
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Although called a 'stone' in the Congo, a black stone is often made from animal bones. When taken from snakes, it is usually from the head, but also said to be extracted from the tail.
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is also called a snake stone, and is usually made from coloured glass, often with holes. Its purpose is for protection against evil spirits rather than snake bite.
75:
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Chippaux JP, Ramos-Cerrillo B, Stock RP (April 2007). "Study of the efficacy of the black stone on envenomation by snake bite in the murine model".
325:"Pattern of First-Aid Measures Used by Snake-bite Patients and Clinical Outcome at Zamko Comprehensive Health Centre, Langtang, Plateau State"
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An Indian study stated: "unscientific methods like 'black stone' healing contribute to the delay in seeking appropriate medical care."
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565:"Abstract: Clinical Presentation And Outcome Of Snake-Bite Patients At Zamko Comprehensive Health Centre, Langtang, Plateau State"
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376:"Pierre noire : Cet aspirateur de venins / Black Stone: This vacuum cleaner of venoms"
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A Bolivian medical study stated: "contrary to widespread belief, no efficacy to treat
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636:(also known as snakestone or serpent stone) on experimental envenomation.
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http://www.ekabinsha.org/books-literary-works/āĻāĻ-āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§āĻ°-āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž-āĻŦāĻ-āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻ¨/
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Snake stones are mentioned as a folk remedy by the father/narrator in
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Accounts differ widely on how to make and use a 'black stone'.
39:
507:"La pierre noire et son usage / The Black Stone and its use"
407:"Snakebite Envenomation in India: A Rural Medical Emergency"
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and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
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Views on snake-stones expressed in scientific studies
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is an animal bone or stone used as folk medicine for
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444:World Health Organization : Snake Envenoming
197:The steps suggested in an African leaflet are:
213:Place in a charcoal fire for 15 to 20 minutes
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442:https://www.who.int/snakebites/treatment/en/
59:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
74:and maintains a consistent citation style.
323:JKA Madaki; RE Obilom; BM Mandong (2005).
247:may be expected of the BS" (black stone).
156:in Africa, South America, India and Asia.
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281:, the basis of the story was snake stone.
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
481:The Bearer of Crazed and Venomous Fangs
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186:describes the snake-stone in his work
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531:Rural Extension with Africa's Poor.
182:13th century Persian/Iranian writer
27:Folk medicine for curing snake bites
405:B. Adhisivam; S. Mahadevan (2006).
265:, snake stone was the main subject.
66:Please consider converting them to
634:Study of the action of black stone
25:
277:In the 2017 Indian Bengali novel
201:Choose a large dry cow thigh bone
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478:Dimarco, Vincent (March 2014).
268:In the 2008 Neil Gaiman novel
159:The early Celtic era European
70:to ensure the article remains
1:
598:10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.11.002
355:"Search for a snakebite cure"
329:Nigerian Medical Practitioner
279:Sarpa Manav: Nagmoni Rohosyo
509:(in French). Archived from
378:(in French). Archived from
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660:Alternative detoxification
207:Smooth them with sandpaper
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287:The Swiss Family Robinson
259:In the 1986 Indian film
204:Cut it into small pieces
353:BBC News (2005-05-02).
231:treatment of snakebites
210:Wrap the pieces in foil
374:Tagne, Jean-Bruno.
301:Madstone (folklore)
237:outdated treatments
188:Aja'ib al-Makhluqat
271:The Graveyard Book
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545:on 2016-03-15
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505:CongoForum.
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92:Citation bot
54:
161:adder stone
142:black stone
130:snake-stone
106:August 2022
32:adder stone
644:Categories
570:2007-03-08
549:2007-03-07
517:2007-03-06
464:2007-03-07
428:2010-10-15
386:2007-03-06
360:2007-03-06
339:2010-10-15
307:References
154:snake bite
72:verifiable
30:See also:
655:Antidotes
225:antivenom
57:bare URLs
606:17174999
423:16820669
295:See also
150:nagamani
61:link rot
36:ammonite
18:Nagamani
586:Toxicon
184:Kazwini
650:Snakes
604:
488:
421:
262:Nagina
81:reFill
543:(PDF)
536:(PDF)
459:(PDF)
148:, or
55:uses
602:PMID
486:ISBN
419:PMID
234:and
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335:(1)
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