946:
397:
31:
986:
903:
425:
62:
661:
1059:
1026:
861:
827:
516:
715:
2321:
1472:
363:
might for the time being be better placed in the
Neuropterida directly, without assigning it to an order, until relatives are found and/or its systematic position gets resolved better. The extinct order
371:
A phylogenomic analysis published in 2023 confirmed the topology of the neuropterid orders and found the relationships between the families of
Neuropterida as shown in the following phylogenetic tree.
267:. Arguably, the Holometabola might be considered an unranked clade instead, and be divided into numerous superorders to signify the close relationships of certain holometabolan groups.
293:
Neuropterida are fairly primitive-looking insects, with large wings but weak wing muscles, giving them a clumsy flight. Most are active at dusk or in the night as adults, and the
1375:
2410:
1273:
1226:
1368:
2415:
1251:
61:
2451:
1361:
1350:(a web portal that provides access to a suite of online resources that contain data on the superorder Neuropterida)
945:
2005:
2350:
1387:
2461:
2456:
2423:
30:
2256:
985:
396:
2397:
2198:
2178:
1291:"Improved modelling of compositional heterogeneity reconciles phylogenomic conflicts among lacewings"
2271:
883:
808:
275:
2286:
480:
2296:
2218:
2193:
1312:
274:(scorpionflies) were formerly included here too by some authors, but they actually belong to the
192:
56:
2428:
348:
336:
321:(15 cm (5.9 in) wingspan); the largest species tend to resemble drab, clumsily flying
2388:
2213:
424:
2246:
1269:
1058:
902:
873:
660:
356:
2188:
2039:
1725:
1302:
1025:
686:
461:
353:
2266:
2183:
2173:
2150:
1717:
919:
467:
340:
298:
1335:
Neuropterida
Species of the World. Lacewing Digital Library, Research Publication No. 1.
2325:
2281:
2276:
2261:
2208:
1811:
1342:
Bibliography of the
Neuropterida. Lacewing Digital Library, Research Publication No. 2.
1016:
860:
365:
226:
139:
39:
826:
2445:
2236:
2228:
1454:
1446:
1316:
839:
391:
241:
177:
126:
1307:
1290:
2168:
1918:
1910:
1852:
1807:
1639:
1582:
1411:
1049:
976:
893:
821:
737:
673:
649:
538:
256:
113:
515:
2332:
1347:
2382:
2291:
2223:
2155:
2110:
2056:
1957:
1887:
1738:
1676:
1552:
1344:(an online bibliography of the global scientific literature of the Neuropterida)
1334:
709:
655:
419:
322:
279:
237:
167:
44:
2241:
1965:
1775:
1684:
1668:
1652:
1480:
849:
752:
714:
607:
497:
444:
283:
248:
233:
222:
172:
2373:
2203:
2047:
2007:
1982:
1835:
1746:
1705:
1692:
1523:
1510:
1471:
1405:
936:
855:
613:
553:
510:
333:
318:
310:
271:
93:
73:
368:
may also be a member or close relative, though classification is unclear.
2367:
2251:
2160:
1949:
1819:
1611:
1417:
306:
48:
2320:
1341:
1289:
Cai, Chen-Yang; Tihelka, Erik; Liu, Xing-YUE; Engel, Michael S. (2023).
1590:
329:
255:
antlions) only, which formerly were known as
Planipennia. Part of the
1927:
1827:
1754:
1660:
1569:
1561:
1399:
1384:
360:
260:
229:
103:
83:
2344:
344:
314:
302:
294:
264:
251:, but this name nowadays refers to lacewings and their relatives (
218:
2402:
2015:
1353:
1227:"ITIS & Species 2000 Catalogue of Life Management Hierarchy"
287:
2348:
2135:
1430:
1357:
2025:
328:
In addition to the three living orders, there is an entirely
305:. At least the larvae, but in many cases the adults too, are
1337:(an online catalog of the Neuropterida species of the world)
232:
with over 5,700 described species, containing the orders
1968:(net-winged insects: lacewings, mantidflies, antlions)
1229:. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). 2017
339:. These are of an indeterminate but probably rather
313:. Adult neuropteridans range in size from that of a
2357:
2038:
1996:
1981:
1940:
1909:
1900:
1851:
1805:
1774:
1737:
1704:
1637:
1610:
1581:
1560:
1551:
1522:
1479:
1445:
1250:Haaramo, Mikko (2008): Mikko's Phylogeny Archive:
1254:. Version of 11 March 2008. Retrieved 5 May 2008.
1369:
1246:
1244:
8:
1264:Grimaldi, David; Engel, Michael S. (2005).
282:), the holometabolan clade containing also
2345:
2143:
2132:
1993:
1906:
1879:
1802:
1798:
1645:
1634:
1630:
1557:
1548:
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1503:
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1438:
1427:
1376:
1362:
1354:
29:
20:
1306:
2097:Four most speciose orders are marked in
1687:(crickets, wetas, grasshoppers, locusts)
1218:
263:, they can be considered an unranked
7:
1960:(alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies)
1005:
965:
925:
879:
845:
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804:
730:
702:
679:
645:
638:
603:
596:
531:
503:
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374:
14:
247:Historically, they were known as
2319:
1470:
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1024:
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944:
901:
859:
825:
713:
659:
514:
423:
395:
60:
1308:10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.1.8
240:(alderflies, dobsonflies), and
1268:. Cambridge University Press.
1:
1890:(sawflies, wasps, ants, bees)
1838:(cicadas, aphids, true bugs)
332:family of Neuropterida, the
2478:
2028:(gnats, mosquitoes, flies)
1921:(twisted-winged parasites)
1593:(dragonflies, damselflies)
343:position; thus the single
2313:
2146:
2142:
2131:
2093:
1882:
1801:
1648:
1633:
1547:
1506:
1468:
1441:
1437:
1426:
1394:
1043:
1010:
1003:
970:
963:
939:(split-footed lacewings)
930:
923:
887:
877:
853:
843:
819:
812:
802:
750:
735:
728:
707:
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684:
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163:
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57:Scientific classification
55:
37:
28:
23:
1679:(stick and leaf insects)
1348:Lacewing Digital Library
1340:Oswald, John D. (2023).
1333:Oswald, John D. (2023).
1266:Evolution of the Insects
422:(alderflies and allies)
2106:are paraphyletic groups
1749:(cockroaches, termites)
1513:(silverfish, firebrats)
236:(lacewings, antlions),
1457:(jumping bristletails)
221:, sometimes placed at
2424:Paleobiology Database
616:(pleasing lacewings)
2059:(moths, butterflies)
755:(beaded lacewings)
689:(thorny lacewings)
359:'s Crato Member in
317:to that of a large
2452:Insect superorders
2326:Insects portal
2297:Triadophlebioptera
896:(silky lacewings)
824:(brown lacewings)
658:(green lacewings)
513:(giant lacewings)
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2351:Taxon identifiers
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2247:Palaeodictyoptera
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1953:
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1846:
1839:
1831:
1823:
1770:
1769:
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1758:
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1729:
1726:Mantophasmatodea
1721:
1710:
1696:
1688:
1680:
1672:
1664:
1656:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1601:
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1562:Ephemeropteroidea
1514:
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1465:
1458:
1275:978-1-107-26877-7
1209:
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1191:
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1074:
1073:
1066:
1065:
1033:
1032:
993:
992:
953:
952:
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909:
874:Myrmeleontiformia
858:(moth lacewings)
791:
790:
782:
781:
773:
772:
764:
763:
625:
624:
583:
582:
574:
573:
565:
564:
556:(spongillaflies)
357:Santana Formation
211:
210:
206:
2469:
2432:
2431:
2419:
2418:
2406:
2405:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2378:
2377:
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2324:
2323:
2257:Permoplectoptera
2230:
2189:Diaphanopterodea
2162:
2144:
2133:
2058:
2049:
2040:Amphiesmenoptera
2027:
2021:
2017:
2009:
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1994:
1988:
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1967:
1959:
1951:
1929:
1920:
1907:
1903:
1889:
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1837:
1829:
1822:(barklice, lice)
1821:
1813:
1803:
1799:
1756:
1748:
1727:
1719:
1718:Grylloblattodea
1708:
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1295:Palaeoentomology
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504:
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462:Coniopterygoidea
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451:
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375:
354:Early Cretaceous
201:
65:
64:
33:
21:
16:Clade of insects
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2468:
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2442:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2427:
2422:
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2401:
2396:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2353:
2343:
2338:
2318:
2301:
2267:Protelytroptera
2199:Eudiaphanoptera
2184:Coxoplectoptera
2179:Carbotriplurida
2174:Campylopteridae
2151:Aethiocarenodea
2138:
2119:
2065:
2034:
2010:(scorpionflies)
1997:
1986:
1984:
1973:
1936:
1901:
1896:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1843:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1762:
1733:
1707:
1700:
1695:(angel insects)
1638:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1598:
1577:
1539:
1537:
1535:
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1433:
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1330:
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1324:
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1287:
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1192:
1183:
1174:
1165:
1156:
1147:
1138:
1129:
1120:
1111:
1102:
1093:
1084:
1075:
920:Myrmeleontoidea
792:
783:
774:
765:
626:
584:
575:
566:
468:Coniopterygidae
259:and related to
187:
59:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2475:
2473:
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2272:Protephemerida
2269:
2264:
2262:Protanisoptera
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2231:(griffinflies)
2229:Meganisoptera
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2209:Glosselytrodea
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
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2176:
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2166:
2158:
2153:
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2140:
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2032:
2022:
2002:
2000:
1991:
1979:
1978:
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1971:
1963:
1955:
1950:Raphidioptera
1946:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1924:
1915:
1913:
1904:
1902:Neuropteroidea
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1814:
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1763:
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1723:
1720:(ice-crawlers)
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1682:
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1658:
1649:
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1575:
1570:Ephemeroptera
1566:
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1519:
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1516:
1507:
1501:
1477:
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1469:
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1461:
1460:
1455:Archaeognatha
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1434:
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366:Glosselytrodea
244:(snakeflies).
227:holometabolous
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2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2237:Megasecoptera
2235:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2134:
2130:
2116:
2114:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2062:
2061:
2054:
2052:
2050:(caddisflies)
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2020:
2016:Siphonaptera
2013:
2012:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:(Mecopterida)
1980:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1925:
1923:
1919:Strepsiptera
1917:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1850:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1828:Thysanoptera
1826:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1773:
1759:
1753:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1703:
1697:
1691:
1689:
1683:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1671:(webspinners)
1667:
1665:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1609:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1521:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1478:
1473:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1415:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1367:
1365:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1204:
1196:
1195:
1187:
1186:
1178:
1177:
1169:
1168:
1160:
1159:
1151:
1150:
1142:
1141:
1133:
1132:
1124:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1069:
1062:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1029:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1001:
1000:
997:
996:
989:
987:
982:
980:
979:(spoonwings)
978:
974:
973:
968:
967:
961:
960:
957:
956:
949:
947:
942:
940:
938:
934:
933:
928:
927:
921:
918:
917:
914:
913:
906:
904:
899:
897:
895:
891:
890:
885:
884:Psychopsoidea
882:
881:
875:
872:
871:
868:
867:
864:
862:
857:
851:
848:
847:
841:
840:Geoneuroptera
838:
837:
834:
833:
830:
828:
823:
817:
816:
810:
809:Neoneuroptera
807:
806:
800:
799:
796:
795:
787:
786:
778:
777:
769:
768:
760:
759:
756:
754:
748:
747:
744:
743:
740:
739:
733:
732:
726:
725:
722:
721:
718:
716:
711:
705:
704:
698:
697:
694:
693:
690:
688:
682:
681:
675:
672:
671:
668:
667:
664:
662:
657:
651:
648:
647:
641:
640:
634:
633:
630:
629:
621:
620:
617:
615:
609:
606:
605:
599:
598:
592:
591:
588:
587:
579:
578:
570:
569:
561:
560:
557:
555:
549:
548:
545:
544:
541:
540:
534:
533:
527:
526:
523:
522:
519:
517:
512:
506:
505:
499:
496:
495:
489:
488:
482:
479:
478:
475:
474:
471:
470:(dustywings)
469:
463:
460:
459:
453:
452:
446:
443:
442:
436:
435:
432:
431:
428:
426:
421:
415:
414:
408:
407:
404:
403:
400:
398:
394:(snakeflies)
393:
392:Raphidioptera
387:
386:
380:
377:
376:
372:
369:
367:
362:
358:
355:
351:
350:
346:
342:
338:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:Mecopteroidea
273:
268:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
245:
243:
242:Raphidioptera
239:
235:
231:
228:
224:
220:
216:
207:
204:
197:
194:
190:
184:
181:
179:
178:Raphidioptera
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
165:
162:
157:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
127:Aparaglossata
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
75:
72:
69:
68:
63:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
41:
36:
32:
27:
24:Neuropterida
22:
19:
2462:Holometabola
2457:Neuropterida
2389:Neuropterida
2359:Neuropterida
2358:
2331:
2317:
2287:Syntonoptera
2169:Caloneurodea
2161:Blattoptera
2112:
2103:
2098:
2057:Lepidoptera
2055:
2048:Trichoptera
2024:
2006:
1958:Megaloptera
1952:(snakeflies)
1942:Neuropterida
1941:
1926:
1911:Coleopterida
1888:Hymenoptera
1886:
1808:Paraneoptera
1806:
1728:(gladiators)
1677:Phasmatodea
1655:(stoneflies)
1640:Polyneoptera
1583:Odonatoptera
1447:Monocondylia
1412:Pancrustacea
1410:(unranked):
1298:
1294:
1284:
1265:
1259:
1252:Neuropterida
1231:. Retrieved
1221:
1056:
1050:Ascalaphidae
1048:
1023:
1015:
983:
977:Nemopteridae
975:
943:
935:
900:
894:Psychopsidae
892:
854:
822:Hemerobiidae
820:
751:
738:Symphrasinae
736:
708:
685:
674:Mantispoidea
654:
650:Chrysopoidea
612:
552:
539:Nevrorthidae
537:
509:
481:Euneuroptera
466:
418:
390:
379:Neuropterida
378:
370:
347:
327:
301:, living in
297:of many are
292:
269:
257:Holometabola
252:
246:
215:Neuropterida
214:
212:
205:Palker, 1982
202:
199:
183:and see text
182:
153:Neuropterida
152:
146:
133:
120:
114:Holometabola
110:(unranked):
38:
18:
2383:Wikispecies
2333:Wikispecies
2292:Titanoptera
2224:Lapeyriidae
2219:Hypoperlida
2194:Eoblattodea
2163:(roachoids)
2156:Archodonata
1998:Antliophora
1966:Neuroptera
1928:Coleoptera
1739:Dictyoptera
1709:(Xenonomia)
1685:Orthoptera
1669:Embioptera
1661:Dermaptera
1653:Plecoptera
1553:Palaeoptera
1416:Subphylum:
1052:(owlflies)
1019:(antlions)
710:Mantispidae
656:Chrysopidae
420:Megaloptera
323:damselflies
280:Antliophora
238:Megaloptera
200:Neuroptera
168:Megaloptera
45:Megaloptera
2446:Categories
2242:Miomoptera
2008:Mecoptera
1836:Hemiptera
1757:(mantises)
1747:Blattodea
1693:Zoraptera
1572:(mayflies)
1511:Zygentoma
1406:Arthropoda
1233:16 January
1213:References
850:Ithonoidea
753:Berothidae
608:Dilaroidea
498:Osmyloidea
445:Neuroptera
349:Rafaeliana
337:Rafaelidae
311:arthropods
284:true flies
249:Neuroptera
234:Neuroptera
225:level, of
223:superorder
173:Neuroptera
94:Arthropoda
2214:Heraridea
2204:Geroptera
2109:Based on
1983:Panorpida
1930:(beetles)
1820:Psocodea
1755:Mantodea
1706:Notoptera
1663:(earwigs)
1398:Kingdom:
1317:257245897
937:Nymphidae
856:Ithonidae
614:Dilaridae
554:Sisyridae
511:Osmylidae
352:from the
334:monotypic
319:dragonfly
309:of small
307:predators
272:Mecoptera
80:Kingdom:
74:Eukaryota
2368:Wikidata
2252:Paoliida
2026:Diptera
1830:(thrips)
1591:Odonata
1418:Hexapoda
1404:Phylum:
1400:Animalia
193:Synonyms
90:Phylum:
84:Animalia
70:Domain:
49:Sialidae
2403:2761423
2374:Q730799
2137:Extinct
2111:Sasaki
2018:(fleas)
1812: *
330:extinct
299:aquatic
261:beetles
230:insects
159:Orders
104:Insecta
100:Class:
2429:175118
2416:666108
2115:(2013)
2113:et al.
2104:Italic
1432:Extant
1388:orders
1385:Insect
1315:
1272:
361:Brazil
303:rivers
295:larvae
217:are a
1313:S2CID
345:genus
341:basal
315:midge
288:fleas
265:taxon
219:clade
203:sensu
147:Clade
134:Clade
121:Clade
2411:ITIS
2099:bold
1270:ISBN
1235:2018
286:and
278:(or
270:The
253:e.g.
213:The
2398:EoL
1303:doi
2448::
2426::
2413::
2400::
2385::
2370::
2014:+
1311:.
1301:.
1297:.
1293:.
1243:^
325:.
290:.
149::
136::
123::
51:)
47::
1875:a
1873:l
1871:o
1869:b
1867:a
1865:t
1863:e
1861:m
1859:o
1857:l
1855:o
1853:H
1794:a
1792:l
1790:o
1788:b
1786:a
1784:t
1782:e
1780:m
1778:u
1776:E
1626:a
1624:r
1622:e
1620:t
1618:p
1616:o
1614:e
1612:N
1540:a
1538:t
1536:o
1534:g
1532:y
1530:r
1528:e
1526:t
1524:P
1499:a
1497:i
1495:l
1493:y
1491:d
1489:n
1487:o
1485:c
1483:i
1481:D
1377:e
1370:t
1363:v
1319:.
1305::
1299:6
1278:.
1237:.
43:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
