480:
In the appendix, Orwell explains that the very structure of the B vocabulary (the fact that they are compound words) carries ideological weight. The large number of contractions in the B vocabulary—for example, the
Ministry of Truth being called Minitrue, the Records Department being called Recdep, the Fiction Department being called Ficdep, the Teleprogrammes Department being called Teledep—is not done simply to save time. As with examples of compound words in the political language of the 20th century—
1486:
1472:
2343:
1194:— To quack like a duck (usually indicating one's delivery of newspeak, delivered without any active thought from the speaker, sounding very much like nothing but noise, but very clearly fully in line with Party ideology). "It is one of those interesting words that have two contradictory meanings. Applied to an opponent, it is abuse, applied to someone you agree with, it is praise." - Syme, Newspeak
1500:
479:
The words of the B vocabulary are deliberately constructed for political purposes to convey complex ideas in a simple form. They are compound words and noun-verbs with political significance that are meant to impose and instill in
Oceania's citizens the correct mental attitudes required by the Party.
96:
In the appendix to the novel, "The
Principles of Newspeak", Orwell explains that Newspeak follows most rules of English grammar, yet is a language characterised by a continually diminishing vocabulary; complete thoughts are reduced to simple terms of simplistic meaning. The political contractions of
528:
The words of the C vocabulary are scientific and technical terms that supplement the linguistic functions of the A and B vocabularies. These words are the same scientific terms in
English, but many of them have had their meanings rigidified to attempt, as with the A vocabulary, to prevent speakers
243:
When the general atmosphere is bad, language must suffer. I should expect to find — this is a guess, which I have not sufficient knowledge to verify — that the German, Russian and
Italian languages have all deteriorated in the last ten or fifteen years, as a result of dictatorship. But if thought
224:, and Orwell concludes that as: "I said earlier that the decadence of our language is probably curable. Those who deny this may argue that language merely reflects existing social conditions, and that we cannot influence its development, by any direct tinkering with words or constructions."
475:
The words of the A vocabulary describe the functional concepts of daily life (e.g. eating and drinking, working and cooking). It consists mostly of
English words, but they are very small in number compared to English, and each word's meanings are "far more rigidly defined" than in English.
1069:
The novel says that the
Ministry of Truth uses a jargon "not actually Newspeak, but consisting largely of Newspeak words" for its internal memos. As many of the words in this list (e.g. "bb", "upsub") come from such memos, it is not certain whether those words are actually Newspeak.
400:, because intellectual freedom was no longer supposed to exist in Oceania. The limitations of Newspeak's vocabulary enabled the Party to effectively control the population's minds, by allowing the user only a very narrow range of spoken and written thought; hence, words such as:
389:(indirect thinking), which allow a word to have additional meanings. The linguistic simplification of Oldspeak into Newspeak was realised with neologisms, the elimination of ideologically undesirable words, and the elimination of the politically unorthodox meanings of words.
384:
thoughts "literally unthinkable" as speech. As constructed, Newspeak vocabulary communicates the exact expression of sense and meaning that a member of the Party could wish to express, while excluding secondary denotations and connotations, eliminating the ways of
198:
during the Second World War (1939–1945), Orwell saw the intellectual and communicative disadvantages of Basic
English, because, as a controlled language, its constructions impose functional limitations upon the speech, the writing, and the thinking of the users.
2294:
210:(1949), Orwell discusses the communication function of English and contemporary ideological changes in usage during the 1940s. In the novel, the linguistic decadence of English is the central theme about language-as-communication. In the essay, that
455:—they'll exist only in Newspeak versions, not merely changed into something different, but actually contradictory of what they used to be. Even the literature of The Party will change. Even the slogans will change. How could you have a slogan like
519:
are fewer and more controllable than those called up by
Ministry of Truth. This accounted not only for the habit of abbreviating whenever possible, but also for the almost exaggerated care that was taken to make every word easily pronounceable.
189:
without complex constructions and ambiguous usages, Basic
English was designed to be easy to learn, to sound, and to speak, with a vocabulary of 850 words composed specifically to facilitate the communication of facts, not the communication of
529:
from being able to express anti-government thoughts. Distribution of the C vocabulary is limited, because the Party does not want citizens to know more than a select few ways of life or techniques of production. Hence, the Oldspeak word
524:
The B words in Newspeak are supposed to sound pleasant, while also being easily pronounceable, in an attempt to make speech on anything political "staccato and monotonous" and, ultimately, mask from the speaker all ideological content.
260:
To eliminate the expression of ambiguity and nuance from Oldspeak (Standard English) in order to reduce the English language's communication functions, Newspeak uses simplistic constructions of language, such as the dichotomies of
1061:
This is a list of Newspeak words known from the novel. It does not include words carried over directly from English with no change in meaning, nor does it include regular uses of the listed affixes (e.g.
1138:— thoughts and concepts that go against Ingsoc such as liberty, equality, and privacy, and also the criminal act of holding such thoughts. Frequently referred to by the standard English “thoughtcrime”.
293:. The long-term goal of The Party is that, by 2050, Newspeak would be the universal language of every member of The Party and of Oceanian society, except for the Proles, the working-class of Oceania.
800:"Mal-" indicates (treasonous) inaccuracy (according to the Party); for example, any old quotes or reports from Party sources which contradict the current truth expressed by the party are considered
559:
regularity in the construction of usages and of words. Inflectional regularity means that most irregular words are replaced with regular words combined with prefixes and suffixes. For example, the
504:, and many others—Orwell remarks that the Party believed that abbreviating a name could "narrowly and subtly" alter a word's meaning. Newspeak is supposed to make this effort a conscious purpose:
296:
In Newspeak, English root-words function both as nouns and as verbs, which reduces the vocabulary available for the speaker to communicate meaning; e.g. as a noun and as a verb, the word
1405:— a sexual immorality, such as fornication, adultery, oral sex, and homosexuality; any sex act that deviates from Party directives to use sex only for government approved procreation
2718:
1854:
2171:
316:
rhythm, using short words that are easy to pronounce, so that speech is physically automatic and intellectually unconscious, by which mental habits the user of Newspeak avoids
134:
396:
still existed in Newspeak, but only to communicate the absence of something, e.g. "The dog is free from lice" or "This field is free of weeds". The word could not denote
1732:
2728:
2039:
771:"Up–" and "Down-" are prefixes which relate to things above or below a frame of reference. This may be literal, or it could be figurative, such as in the case of
2240:
2104:
381:
62:
51:
2748:
1632:
The appendix "The Principles of Newspeak" indicates that Big Brother is another, if not the only acceptable name for the figurehead in Newspeak.
1055:
2758:
2281:
1686:
2380:
2286:
2068:
1528:
452:
439:
By 2050—earlier, probably—all real knowledge of Oldspeak will have disappeared. The whole literature of the past will have been destroyed.
533:
has no equivalent term in Newspeak; instead, these words are simply treated as specific technical words for speaking of technical fields.
231:
among society, and thus facilitated the manipulation of listeners and speakers and writers into consequent political chaos. The story of
2194:
1110:— to accept whatever one is told, regardless of the facts. In the novel, it is described as "to say that black is white when " and "to
551:
compared to English. It also has two "outstanding" characteristics: almost completely interchangeable linguistic functions between the
2109:
2083:
2032:
1096:
2001:
1982:
1956:
1914:
1892:
1581:
203:
2078:
1373:— the Ministry of Truth's Records Department, where Winston Smith rewrites historical records so they conform to the Party's agenda
2214:
515:
is a phrase over which one is obliged to linger at least momentarily. In the same way, the associations called up by a word like
1806:
Köberl, Johann (1979). "Der Sprachphilosophische Hintergrund von Newspeak: Ein Beitrag zum 100.Geburtstag von Albert Einstein".
1569:
2738:
2652:
2320:
1286:— inaccurate representations of the words of Big Brother and of the Party, often used to justify revision of historical records
1255:— sexual intercourse only for procreation, without any physical pleasure on the part of the woman, and strictly within marriage
290:
20:
2235:
2007:
2743:
2346:
2025:
1292:— the Ministry of Love, where the secret police interrogate and torture the enemies of Oceania (torture and brainwashing)
2733:
2527:
2315:
2073:
1993:
1883:
1739:
1505:
672:"Un–" is used to indicate negation, as Newspeak has no non-political antonyms. For example, the standard English words
2723:
1972:
1938:
1925:
66:
1586:
463:
no thought, as we understand it now. Orthodoxy means not thinking—not needing to think. Orthodoxy is unconsciousness.
214:
was characterised by dying metaphors, pretentious diction, and high-flown rhetoric, which he satirised with the term
459:
when the concept of freedom has been abolished? The whole climate of thought will be different. In fact, there will
992:"–wise" transforms any word into an adverb by eliminating all English adverbs not already ending in "–wise", e.g.
73:. The Newspeak language thus limits the person's ability to articulate and communicate abstract concepts, such as
2597:
2542:
2373:
1533:
1826:
1304:— the Ministry of Plenty, which keeps the population in continual economic hardship (starvation and rationing)
1054:"Sexcrime (Nineteen Eighty-Four)" and "Unperson" redirect here. For the Eurythmics song of the same name, see
2457:
2310:
1523:
1222:— the absence and the lack of something. "Intellectually free" and "politically free" have been replaced by
1087:
142:
181:(British American Scientific International Commercial English), which was proposed by the British linguist
2763:
2642:
2612:
2562:
2487:
2400:
1576:
1558:
1553:
1384:
1044:
Therefore, the Oldspeak sentence "He ran extremely quickly" would become "He runned doubleplusspeedwise".
2004:. John Wesley Young wrote this scholarly work about Newspeak and historical examples of language control.
704:, the 'un' indicates that the person (officially) never existed (or, in other words, never was a person).
2637:
2602:
2552:
2532:
2389:
1491:
158:
252:
is used to impugn an opponent who introduces new definitions of words to suit their political agenda.
2567:
2477:
2302:
2053:
1548:
817:
In spoken and written Newspeak, suffixes are also used in the elimination of irregular conjugations:
542:
321:
221:
170:
34:
2713:
2667:
2497:
2472:
2422:
2366:
1596:
444:
186:
109:(Ministry of Plenty) — are similar to German and Russian contractions in the 20th century, such as
1249:— a synonym for "political orthodoxy" and "a politically orthodox thought" as defined by the Party
2627:
2622:
2607:
2432:
2088:
1948:
1944:
1591:
1543:
1412:
1357:— the pornography production section (Porno Sector) of the Ministry of Truth's Fiction Department
627:, and relatives still inflect irregularly. They mostly follow their use in English, but the word
47:
2017:
1130:— to rid oneself of or fail to understand unorthodox thoughts that go against Ingsoc's ideology
2677:
2592:
2522:
2417:
1997:
1978:
1952:
1910:
1888:
1855:"Trump's use of 'Newspeak' to explain away virus puts Americans at risk | For What It's Worth"
1682:
1451:
317:
182:
177:, limited grammar, and finite vocabulary, much like the phonology, grammar, and vocabulary of
74:
70:
1764:
Fink, Howard (1971). "Newspeak: the Epitome of Parody Techniques in "Nineteen Eighty-Four"".
2692:
2647:
2507:
2442:
2427:
2219:
2209:
2179:
1966:
1933:
1920:
440:
386:
239:
régimes and doublespeak language, earlier discussed in "Politics and the English Language":
236:
211:
1204:— the same in amount or quantity. Not used in the sense of having equal rights or freedoms.
2753:
2582:
1896:
1608:
1364:
693:
309:
286:
228:
191:
55:
1330:— ideas from the time before the Party's revolution, such as objectivity and rationalism
2572:
2482:
2467:
2412:
2125:
1902:
1831:
1675:
1440:
1118:
that black is white, and to forget that one has ever believed the contrary". (See also
612:
552:
472:
Newspeak words are classified by three distinct classes: the A, B, and C vocabularies.
1702:
789:"Old-" indicates a (usually derogatory) reference to the times before Ingsoc; such as
69:
of simplified grammar and limited vocabulary designed to limit a person's ability for
2707:
2517:
2512:
2048:
624:
178:
39:
1471:
135:
Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2687:
2657:
2617:
2502:
2256:
2156:
2012:
1477:
1436:— describes the personal beliefs that are contrary to the accepted norms of society
1432:
1134:
778:"Good-" and "Crime-" are prefixes which relate to ideological correctness; compare
548:
402:
90:
82:
2151:
1513:
1119:
2682:
2632:
2547:
2537:
2492:
2447:
2261:
2166:
2146:
1315:
1195:
1184:
934:
708:
448:
428:
408:
216:
1990:
Totalitarian Language: Orwell's Newspeak and Its Nazi and Communist Antecedents
1428:— a two-way television set with which the Party spies upon Oceania's population
2557:
2462:
2406:
2327:
2161:
1538:
1467:
1424:
1311:
1278:
1156:— the word that replaces Oldspeak words meaning "superlatively good", such as
564:
556:
481:
424:
58:
1271:— The political ideology of the Party, formerly known as 'English Socialism'.
1173:— the word that replaces Oldspeak words meaning "superlatively bad", such as
2184:
1563:
1518:
1499:
1380:
1126:
560:
493:
489:
397:
364:
means "Orthodox in thought"; whilst adverbs are formed by adding the suffix
174:
86:
78:
161:
meant to conceal the speaker's ideology from the speaker and the listener.
356:
means "very very cold". Newspeak forms adjectives by appending the suffix
2452:
555:(any word can function as a verb, noun, adjective, or adverb), and heavy
501:
497:
313:
153:
29:
2358:
2577:
2437:
1210:— a facial expression which reveals that one has committed thoughtcrime
1188:— the act of simultaneously believing two, mutually contradictory ideas
620:
485:
147:
121:
65:(English Socialism) in Oceania, the Party created Newspeak, which is a
2672:
1613:
1444:— the Thought Police, the secret police force of Oceania's government
1342:— the word that replaces Oldspeak words meaning "very good", such as
1336:— a person's anti-social tendency to enjoy solitude and individualism
821:"–ful" transforms any word into an adjective, e.g. the English words
511:
is a word that can be uttered almost without taking thought, whereas
277:. Such dichotomies produced the linguistic and political concepts of
1788:
Orwell, George (17 June 1946). "Politics and the English Language".
1310:— the Ministry of Truth, which manufactures consent by way of lies,
692:. When appended to a verb, the prefix "un–" communicates a negative
2662:
227:
That the decline of English went hand-in-hand with the decline of
1314:, and distorted historical records, while supplying the proles (
111:
2362:
2021:
195:
312:. As a form of personal communication, Newspeak is spoken in
965:"–s" and "–es" transform a noun into its plural form, e.g.
700:
means "do not proceed" in Standard English. In the case of
157:(communist youth union). Newspeak contractions usually are
1909:. London, Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1985, 1984.
431:
discusses his editorial work on the latest edition of the
380:
The intellectual purpose of Newspeak is to make all anti-
206:" (1946) and in "The Principles of Newspeak" appendix to
324:
meanings and irregular spellings were simplified; thus,
1420:— the Ministry of Truth's Telecommunications Department
1977:. London, UK; New Brunswick, NJ: Athlone Press, 2000.
1963:
with English notes and commentary by Roderick H. Watt.
775:(submitting (a thing, usually) to a higher authority).
567:
constructions of verbs are alike, with both ending in
16:
Fictional language in the novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four"
244:
corrupts language, language can also corrupt thought.
2173:
The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism
1298:— the Ministry of Peace, which wages war for Oceania
907:"–ing" forms the present participle of a verb, e.g.
85:, acts of personal independence that contradict the
2274:
2249:
2228:
2202:
2193:
2134:
2118:
2097:
2061:
856:"–d" and "–ed" form the past tense of a verb, e.g.
684:, and the moral concept communicated with the word
1674:
571:Hence, the Newspeak preterite of the English word
194:. Moreover, whilst employed as a propagandist by
1792:. Vol. 114, no. 24. pp. 872–874.
1104:— the blind, enthusiastic acceptance of an idea
506:
437:
241:
734:"Doubleplus–" is an intensifier that replaces
2719:Constructed languages introduced in the 1940s
2374:
2033:
1959:. An annotated edition of Victor Klemperer's
1808:AAA: Arbeiten aus Anglistik und Amerikanistik
1668:
8:
1827:"Peter Foster: Sustainable Newspeak by 2050"
1801:
1799:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1720:The Oxford Companion to the English Language
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1216:— the Ministry of Truth's Fiction Department
1066:) unless they are particularly significant.
761:replaces the English phrase "before filing".
1459:— an upwards submission to higher authority
2381:
2367:
2359:
2199:
2040:
2026:
2018:
1318:) with synthetic culture and entertainment
416:communicated only their surface meanings.
248:In contemporary political usage, the term
61:. To meet the ideological requirements of
1985:(alk. paper). Translated by Martin Brady.
1450:— an executed person whose existence is
1367:for entertaining Oceania's working class
1899:discusses the plausibility of Newspeak.
1887:. Boston: Little Brown & Co, 1978.
1644:
1625:
1232:— the word that replaces words such as
412:(accepting contradictory beliefs), and
220:, the opaque language that arises from
1056:Sexcrime (Nineteen Eighty-Four) (song)
797:(ideals since abolished by the Party).
2729:Fictional elements introduced in 1949
1930:. Original German language editions.
7:
1529:Glossary of the Greek military junta
1393:— to refer (to someone or something)
764:"Post–" is the prefix that replaces
753:"Ante–" is the prefix that replaces
173:, Newspeak is a language of planned
1573:("The Language of the Third Reich")
1351:— the word that replaces "very bad"
793:(pre-newspeak Standard English) or
782:(idelogically-correct thought) and
1722:, Tom McArthur, Ed. (1992) p. 693.
1114:that black is white, and more, to
603:with all irregular forms (such as
587:Likewise, the past participles of
14:
2749:Propaganda techniques using words
1971:The language of the Third Reich:
1582:Politics and the English Language
954:comparison of an adjective, e.g.
922:comparison of an adjective, e.g.
597:swimmed, gived, bringed, speaked,
204:Politics and the English Language
2342:
2341:
1907:Newspeak: a dictionary of jargon
1825:Foster, Peter (5 January 2021).
1733:"Moellerlit Newspeak dictionary"
1498:
1484:
1470:
289:of The Party over the people of
235:explains the connection between
1961:LTI, Notizbuch eines Philologen
738:and superlatives; for example,
372:means "In an orthodox manner".
21:Newspeak (programming language)
1452:erased from history and memory
1:
1928:: Notizbuch eines Philologen.
2759:Words originating in fiction
2653:Rally 'round the flag effect
2528:Fear, uncertainty, and doubt
1994:University Press of Virginia
1506:Constructed languages portal
1413:transcribes speech into text
348:are used for emphasis, e.g.
308:, which are the products of
304:to functionally communicate
1973:LTI - Lingua Tertii Imperii
1969:& Brady, Martin (tr.).
1939:LTI - Lingua Tertii Imperii
1926:LTI - Lingua Tertii Imperii
1570:LTI – Lingua Tertii Imperii
1077:— the prefix that replaces
786:(any anti-Ingsoc thoughts).
322:comparative and superlative
2780:
2008:The Principles of Newspeak
1975:: A Philologist's Notebook
1941:: A Philologist's Notebook
1379:— the Ministry of Truth's
1053:
727:and English words such as
696:; thus, the Newspeak word
540:
18:
2396:
2336:
1261:— the word that replaces
589:swim, give, bring, speak,
1936:& Watt, Roderick H.
1534:Glossary of Nazi Germany
611:) being eliminated. The
340:. The Newspeak prefixes
19:Not to be confused with
2458:Cartographic propaganda
2296:George Orwell on Screen
1673:Orwell, George (1949).
1524:Authoritarian socialism
1088:artificial insemination
742:replaces words such as
513:Communist International
165:Development of Newspeak
151:(collective farm), and
143:Communist International
77:, self-expression, and
2739:Historical negationism
2643:Propaganda of the deed
2613:New generation warfare
2563:Historical negationism
2401:Accusation in a mirror
2303:"1984" (advertisement)
1681:. Secker and Warburg.
1587:Sapir–Whorf hypothesis
1577:Philosophy of language
1559:Linguistic imperialism
1554:Linguistic determinism
547:Newspeak's grammar is
522:
465:
352:means "very cold" and
246:
159:syllabic abbreviations
2638:Psychological warfare
2603:Monumental propaganda
2553:Glittering generality
2533:Firehose of falsehood
2390:Propaganda techniques
2288:The Ministry of Truth
1988:Young, John Wesley .
1492:United Kingdom portal
933:"–er" also forms the
911:(actively practicing
579:and that of the word
360:to a root-word, e.g.
127:Geheime Staatspolizei
105:(Ministry of Truth),
101:(English Socialism),
87:ideological orthodoxy
2744:Nineteen Eighty-Four
2478:Demonizing the enemy
2321:Australian TV series
2054:Nineteen Eighty-Four
2013:George Orwell's 1984
1884:Nineteen Eighty-Five
1853:Weintraub, Richard.
1677:Nineteen Eighty-Four
1549:Language and thought
941:(one whom practices
639:tenses are dropped,
543:Germanic strong verb
421:Nineteen Eighty-Four
300:eliminates the word
233:Nineteen Eighty-Four
222:cognitive dissonance
208:Nineteen Eighty-Four
171:constructed language
35:Nineteen Eighty-Four
2734:Fictional languages
2668:Shooting and crying
2498:Emotive conjugation
2473:Cult of personality
2423:Atrocity propaganda
2105:Political geography
1992:. Charlottesville:
1745:on 15 February 2017
1597:Un-word of the year
1387:a historical record
1050:Newspeak vocabulary
595:were, respectively
433:Newspeak Dictionary
320:. English words of
285:that reinforce the
187:controlled language
67:controlled language
2724:Controlled English
2628:Oversimplification
2608:Moralistic fallacy
2175:(Goldstein's book)
2089:Emmanuel Goldstein
1949:Edwin Mellen Press
1945:Lewiston, New York
1881:Burgess, Anthony.
1592:Soviet phraseology
1544:Inclusive language
1324:— Standard English
1144:— order of the day
1020:is transformed to
900:is transformed to
849:is transformed to
643:being replaced by
457:Freedom is Slavery
48:fictional language
2701:
2700:
2593:Managing the news
2418:Appeal to emotion
2356:
2355:
2316:British TV series
2270:
2269:
1967:Klemperer, Victor
1934:Klemperer, Victor
1921:Klemperer, Victor
1688:978-0-452-28423-4
1411:— a machine that
1024:, and words like
950:"–est" forms the
549:greatly simplifed
406:(thought crime),
318:critical thinking
183:Charles Kay Ogden
117:Nationalsozialist
75:personal identity
71:critical thinking
2771:
2693:White propaganda
2648:Public relations
2623:Overcomplication
2508:False accusation
2443:Black propaganda
2433:Beautiful people
2428:Bandwagon effect
2383:
2376:
2369:
2360:
2345:
2344:
2282:In popular media
2200:
2180:Two Minutes Hate
2042:
2035:
2028:
2019:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1803:
1794:
1793:
1785:
1774:
1773:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1744:
1738:. Archived from
1737:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1680:
1670:
1633:
1630:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1494:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1475:
1474:
1171:doubleplusungood
918:"–er" forms the
833:are replaced by
688:is expressed as
680:are replaced by
419:In the story of
387:lateral thinking
212:Standard English
192:abstract thought
2779:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2583:Loaded language
2392:
2387:
2357:
2352:
2332:
2266:
2245:
2224:
2189:
2130:
2114:
2093:
2057:
2046:
1903:Green, Jonathon
1897:Anthony Burgess
1878:
1876:Further reading
1873:
1863:
1861:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1837:
1835:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1805:
1804:
1797:
1787:
1786:
1777:
1766:Critical Survey
1763:
1762:
1758:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1718:
1714:
1707:Merriam Webster
1701:
1700:
1696:
1689:
1672:
1671:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1622:
1609:Ascian language
1504:
1497:
1490:
1485:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1466:
1365:popular culture
1059:
1052:
841:is replaced by
815:
694:imperative mood
669:
565:past participle
553:parts of speech
545:
539:
470:
378:
376:Thought control
310:intellectualism
287:totalitarianism
258:
229:intellectualism
167:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2777:
2775:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
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2716:
2706:
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2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2573:Indoctrination
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2483:Disinformation
2480:
2475:
2470:
2468:Cherry picking
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2413:Appeal to fear
2410:
2403:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2363:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2305:
2300:
2292:
2290:(Lynskey book)
2284:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2253:
2251:
2247:
2246:
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2238:
2232:
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2223:
2222:
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2212:
2206:
2204:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2126:Thought Police
2122:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1986:
1964:
1931:
1918:
1900:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1845:
1832:Financial Post
1817:
1795:
1775:
1756:
1724:
1712:
1694:
1687:
1643:
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1638:
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1634:
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1600:
1599:
1594:
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1579:
1574:
1566:
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1460:
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1394:
1388:
1374:
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1331:
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1319:
1305:
1299:
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1287:
1281:
1272:
1266:
1256:
1250:
1244:
1227:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1189:
1181:
1168:
1154:doubleplusgood
1151:
1145:
1139:
1131:
1123:
1105:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1051:
1048:
1042:
1041:
990:
963:
948:
947:
946:
916:
905:
854:
814:
811:
810:
809:
798:
787:
776:
769:
762:
751:
740:doubleplusgood
732:
711:that replaces
707:"Plus–" is an
705:
668:
665:
625:demonstratives
538:
535:
469:
466:
377:
374:
354:doublepluscold
257:
254:
202:In the essay "
185:in 1930. As a
166:
163:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2776:
2765:
2764:George Orwell
2762:
2760:
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2556:
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2544:
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2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2518:False dilemma
2516:
2514:
2513:False balance
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
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2255:
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2239:
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2218:
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2208:
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2205:
2201:
2198:
2196:
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2186:
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2178:
2176:
2174:
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2163:
2160:
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2155:
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2150:
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2139:
2137:
2133:
2127:
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2117:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2069:Winston Smith
2067:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2049:George Orwell
2043:
2038:
2036:
2031:
2029:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2002:0-8139-1324-1
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1983:0-485-11526-3
1980:
1976:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1957:0-7734-8681-X
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1940:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1915:0-7102-0673-9
1912:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1893:0-316-11651-3
1890:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1860:
1859:Pocono Record
1856:
1849:
1846:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1821:
1818:
1814:(2): 171–183.
1813:
1809:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1772:(2): 155–163.
1771:
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1257:
1254:
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1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:crimethinkful
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1187:
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1128:
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1071:
1067:
1065:
1057:
1049:
1047:
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1039:
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1031:
1027:
1023:
1022:goodthinkwise
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
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991:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
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411:
410:
405:
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370:goodthinkwise
367:
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237:authoritarian
234:
230:
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213:
209:
205:
200:
197:
193:
188:
184:
180:
179:Basic English
176:
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132:
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88:
84:
83:thoughtcrimes
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
40:George Orwell
37:
36:
31:
26:
22:
2688:Whataboutism
2658:Scapegoating
2618:Obscurantism
2598:Minimisation
2587:
2503:Exaggeration
2405:
2340:
2311:radio series
2295:
2287:
2241:UK programme
2172:
2157:Thoughtcrime
2141:
2052:
1989:
1970:
1960:
1937:
1924:
1906:
1882:
1862:. Retrieved
1858:
1848:
1836:. Retrieved
1830:
1820:
1811:
1807:
1790:New Republic
1789:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1747:. Retrieved
1740:the original
1727:
1719:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1676:
1628:
1602:
1601:
1568:
1478:Books portal
1456:
1447:
1439:
1433:thoughtcrime
1431:
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1408:
1402:
1396:
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1376:
1370:
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1354:
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1343:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1274:
1268:
1265:as an adverb
1262:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1219:
1213:
1207:
1201:
1191:
1183:
1178:
1174:
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1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1150:— department
1147:
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1133:
1125:
1115:
1111:
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986:
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978:
974:
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966:
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942:
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927:
923:
919:
912:
909:goodthinking
908:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
851:goodthinkful
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
816:
805:
801:
794:
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783:
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772:
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728:
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632:
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616:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
557:inflectional
546:
530:
527:
523:
516:
512:
508:
507:
478:
474:
471:
460:
456:
438:
432:
425:lexicologist
420:
418:
413:
407:
401:
393:
391:
379:
369:
365:
362:goodthinkful
361:
357:
353:
349:
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341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
305:
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297:
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282:
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168:
152:
146:
138:
130:
126:
120:
116:
110:
106:
102:
98:
95:
91:collectivism
81:, which are
56:totalitarian
43:
33:
27:
25:
2683:Weasel word
2633:Plain folks
2548:Gish gallop
2538:Flag-waving
2493:Doublespeak
2488:Dog whistle
2448:Blood libel
2298:(Ryan book)
2195:Adaptations
2167:Memory hole
2147:Doublethink
2084:Big Brother
1316:proletariat
1279:labour camp
1196:philologist
1185:doublethink
1097:Big Brother
1064:unbellyfeel
1006:unspeedwise
939:goodthinker
935:verbal noun
902:goodthinked
709:intensifier
615:(including
613:auxiliaries
605:swam, gave,
445:Shakespeare
409:doublethink
346:doubleplus–
217:doublespeak
97:Newspeak —
38:(1949), by
2714:Censorship
2708:Categories
2558:Half-truth
2463:Censorship
2407:Ad hominem
2328:Groupthink
2257:2005 opera
2236:US program
2229:Television
2162:Telescreen
2110:Ministries
2062:Characters
1749:16 January
1703:"Newspeak"
1640:References
1539:Groupthink
1425:telescreen
1409:speakwrite
1385:distorting
1349:plusungood
1312:propaganda
1302:Miniplenty
1238:completely
1135:crimethink
1108:blackwhite
1030:completely
843:unspeedful
806:malreports
784:crimethink
759:antefiling
541:See also:
468:Vocabulary
427:character
403:crimethink
283:crimethink
256:Principles
107:Miniplenty
89:of Ingsoc
59:superstate
2568:Ideograph
2523:Fake news
2307:Room 101
2262:2013 play
2220:2023 film
2215:1984 film
2210:1956 film
2185:Hate Week
2152:2 + 2 = 5
1564:Logocracy
1519:Algospeak
1514:2 + 2 = 5
1381:euphemism
1361:prolefeed
1284:malquoted
1247:goodthink
1208:facecrime
1192:duckspeak
1166:fantastic
1158:excellent
1127:crimestop
1120:2 + 2 = 5
1102:bellyfeel
1018:goodthink
1010:carefully
998:speedwise
943:goodthink
913:goodthink
898:goodthink
847:Goodthink
802:malquotes
780:goodthink
748:excellent
744:fantastic
736:extremely
725:very good
723:replaces
698:unproceed
561:preterite
509:Comintern
494:Comintern
490:Politburo
398:free will
392:The word
279:goodthink
271:happiness
175:phonology
139:Comintern
131:politburo
79:free will
30:dystopian
2588:Newspeak
2453:Buzzword
2347:Category
2142:Newspeak
2135:Concepts
1996:, 1991.
1951:, 1997.
1603:Fiction:
1464:See also
1448:unperson
1441:thinkpol
1403:sexcrime
1399:— sector
1355:Pornosec
1340:plusgood
1328:oldthink
1322:Oldspeak
1308:Minitrue
1259:goodwise
1230:fullwise
1179:horrible
1175:terrible
1162:fabulous
1142:dayorder
1038:fullwise
1014:carewise
1012:becomes
1004:becomes
996:becomes
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969:becomes
958:becomes
926:becomes
892:becomes
884:becomes
876:becomes
868:becomes
860:becomes
835:speedful
813:Suffixes
795:oldthink
791:oldspeak
721:plusgood
719:; thus,
702:unperson
667:Prefixes
631:and the
621:pronouns
585:thinked.
577:stealed,
563:and the
517:Minitrue
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498:Inprecor
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263:pleasure
250:Newspeak
154:Komsomol
103:Minitrue
44:Newspeak
2578:Lawfare
2543:Framing
2438:Big lie
2275:Related
2079:O'Brien
1709:. 2020.
1418:Teledep
1377:rectify
1334:ownlife
1296:Minipax
1290:Miniluv
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886:thinked
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757:; thus
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537:Grammar
531:science
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441:Chaucer
368:, e.g.
338:goodest
302:thought
291:Oceania
275:sadness
148:kolkhoz
122:Gestapo
52:Oceania
46:is the
28:In the
2754:Satire
2673:Slogan
2119:Groups
2098:Places
2000:
1981:
1955:
1913:
1891:
1864:23 May
1838:23 May
1685:
1614:Nadsat
1371:Recdep
1269:Ingsoc
1240:, and
1214:Ficdep
1164:, and
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682:uncold
653:should
637:should
601:taked,
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423:, the
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382:Ingsoc
330:gooder
326:better
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63:Ingsoc
32:novel
2663:Senbu
2250:Stage
2074:Julia
1743:(PDF)
1736:(PDF)
1620:Notes
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1344:great
1234:fully
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169:As a
2678:Spin
2203:Film
1998:ISBN
1979:ISBN
1953:ISBN
1911:ISBN
1889:ISBN
1866:2021
1840:2022
1751:2017
1683:ISBN
1383:for
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837:and
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804:and
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717:more
715:and
713:very
676:and
674:warm
659:and
657:will
651:and
647:and
641:whom
635:and
629:whom
607:and
599:and
593:take
591:and
569:–ed.
482:Nazi
429:Syme
394:free
358:–ful
344:and
334:best
332:and
281:and
273:vs.
269:and
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265:vs.
112:Nazi
54:, a
2051:'s
1397:sec
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858:ran
686:bad
678:hot
655:by
645:who
619:),
583:is
575:is
196:BBC
145:),
137:),
129:),
119:),
50:of
2710::
1947::
1943:.
1923:.
1905:.
1895:.
1857:.
1829:.
1810:.
1798:^
1778:^
1768:.
1705:.
1647:^
1363:—
1277:—
1236:,
1160:,
1095:—
1093:bb
1086:—
1028:,
1016:,
1008:,
1000:,
973:,
930:.
915:).
888:,
880:,
872:,
864:,
845:.
825:,
663:.
623:,
500:,
496:,
492:,
488:,
484:,
461:be
451:,
447:,
443:,
435::
93:.
42:,
2382:e
2375:t
2368:v
2041:e
2034:t
2027:v
1917:.
1868:.
1842:.
1812:4
1770:5
1753:.
1691:.
1226:.
1198:.
1122:)
1058:.
1040:.
989:.
962:.
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904:.
853:.
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731:.
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