122:
102:
364:
2740:
410:
in their abdomen, instead of using oxygen dissolved in the water. The size of these air bubbles, which provide buoyancy, changes as the nitrogen dissolves into the blood and the oxygen is used in respiration. This allows for regulation of the size of the air bubbles and their concentration of
345:, and predatory behavior. Their dorsum is convex, lightly colored without cross striations. Their front tarsi are not scoop-shaped and their hind legs are fringed for swimming. There are about 350 species in two subfamilies: Notonectinae with seven
453:
Julianna
Freires Barbosa; José Ricardo Inacio Ribeiro; Jorge Luiz Nessimian (2012). "A synopsis of Martarega White, 1879 (Insecta: Heteroptera: Notonectidae) occurring in the Brazilian Amazonia, with descriptions of three new species".
360:). They inhabit still freshwater, e.g. lakes, ponds, marshes, and are sometimes found in garden ponds and even swimming pools. Although primarily aquatic, they can fly well and so can disperse easily to new habitats.
2624:
2663:
625:
2781:
2598:
528:
Wawrowski, Agnes; Matthews, Philip G. D.; Gleixner, Eva; Kiger, Laurent; Marden, Michael C.; Hankeln, Thomas; Burmester, Thorsten (September 2012).
2637:
681:
437:
602:
587:
389:, is widespread in Europe, including the United Kingdom where it is known as the greater water boatman. Another of the same region,
383:– streamlined, deep-bodied bugs up to 1.6 cm (0.6 in) long, green, brown, or yellowish in colour. The common backswimmer,
2642:
2810:
2774:
2650:
352:
Backswimmers swim on their backs, vigorously paddling with their long, hair-fringed hind legs and attack prey as large as
356:
and small fish. They can inflict a painful "bite" on a human being, actually a stab with their sharp tubular mouthparts (
121:
2507:
2484:
2577:
2668:
2815:
2590:
322:
337:
and typically range from 0.5 to 1.5 cm (0.2–0.6 in) in length. They are similar in appearance to
2767:
349:, and Anisopinae with four genera. Members in the former subfamily are often larger than those in the latter.
674:
2437:
529:
2512:
2800:
2699:
2717:
2678:
2546:
541:
463:
1579:
272:
2805:
2300:
2041:
1801:
1626:
2310:
1999:
1973:
1600:
1477:
1468:
667:
391:
116:
265:
206:
2704:
2475:
284:
2686:
2533:
1260:
1220:
982:
598:
583:
557:
433:
2751:
2629:
488:
251:
2691:
2343:
2285:
2280:
2114:
2025:
1788:
1566:
1558:
1485:
1268:
1130:
549:
512:
471:
385:
369:
2338:
2305:
2244:
2148:
2143:
2080:
2055:
1796:
1649:
1490:
1454:
1444:
1426:
1362:
1017:
750:
649:
545:
467:
101:
2585:
2572:
2364:
2122:
2004:
1767:
1738:
1540:
1449:
1434:
1305:
1292:
1199:
1170:
1050:
954:
838:
797:
2794:
2412:
2400:
2372:
2231:
2171:
2153:
2109:
2093:
1978:
1963:
1861:
1610:
1595:
1587:
1321:
1244:
1236:
1146:
1022:
959:
924:
885:
872:
807:
787:
398:
In contrast to other aquatic insects that cling to submerged objects, the two genera
342:
59:
2489:
2538:
2333:
2184:
2009:
1968:
1930:
1913:
1899:
1887:
1678:
1665:
1631:
1439:
1406:
1352:
1228:
1191:
1154:
1109:
934:
859:
851:
762:
734:
644:
530:"Characterization of the hemoglobin of the backswimmer Anisops deanei (Hemiptera)"
430:
True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera:Heteroptera): Classification and
Natural History
363:
475:
2655:
2611:
2469:
2408:
2351:
2262:
2197:
2179:
2161:
2130:
1958:
1759:
1507:
1399:
1357:
1347:
1342:
1252:
1183:
1175:
1138:
1007:
1002:
944:
916:
899:
407:
341:, but can be separated by differences in their dorsal-ventral coloration, front
183:
34:
553:
2747:
2295:
2254:
2236:
2017:
1922:
1819:
1811:
1775:
1692:
1334:
1207:
1125:
1012:
997:
992:
969:
877:
864:
802:
792:
771:
193:
79:
44:
2460:
2739:
2559:
2315:
2275:
2267:
2207:
2192:
2166:
2064:
1938:
1717:
1709:
1673:
1524:
1375:
1367:
1313:
1212:
1099:
929:
722:
710:
691:
659:
654:
379:
357:
338:
326:
298:
291:
173:
153:
133:
84:
561:
500:
406:
uses a unique system to stay submerged: using the extra oxygen supply from
638:
619:
2520:
2499:
2454:
2380:
2323:
2223:
2215:
2135:
2072:
2033:
1946:
1853:
1730:
1657:
1545:
1532:
1284:
1276:
1162:
1070:
1062:
977:
964:
949:
939:
728:
334:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
2328:
2290:
1991:
1983:
1866:
1746:
987:
353:
89:
64:
2525:
2616:
833:
817:
716:
704:
346:
305:
258:
163:
143:
2603:
2431:
2564:
489:
BBC Science and nature factfiles: Water boatman, common backswimmer
2712:
2404:
1083:
362:
2435:
1396:
1047:
747:
663:
2551:
580:
Collins Guide to the
Insects of Britain & Western Europe
395:, is distinguished by its mottled brick-coloured forewings.
432:(2 ed.). Cornell University Press. pp. 127–129.
333:
because they swim "upside down" (inverted). They are all
2755:
1231:(cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, ground pearls)
2411:. Heteroptera with Coleorrhyncha were referred to as
655:
BBC Radio special on the sounds made by water boatmen
2444:
2363:
2253:
2206:
2092:
2063:
2054:
1921:
1912:
1886:
1852:
1831:
1810:
1787:
1758:
1729:
1708:
1691:
1648:
1609:
1578:
1557:
1523:
1506:
1476:
1467:
1425:
1333:
1304:
1108:
1082:
1061:
915:
898:
850:
816:
770:
761:
650:Photo of Anisops assimilis swimming by Paddy Ryan
428:Randall T. Schuh; James Alexander Slater (1996).
2020:(assassin bugs, wheel bugs, thread-legged bugs)
2775:
675:
8:
2782:
2768:
2432:
2060:
1918:
1883:
1705:
1645:
1520:
1473:
1422:
1418:
1393:
1058:
1044:
912:
767:
758:
744:
682:
668:
660:
622:, Williams 1980, Hawking & Smith 1997
100:
20:
534:Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
501:physorg.com: Gold Strike in Science World
377:The best-known genus of backswimmers is
518:2006-04-11 p.19 Retrieved on 2008-07-26
420:
325:family of aquatic insects in the order
595:Collins Field Guide to Freshwater Life
628:, Australian Freshwater Invertebrates
7:
2736:
2734:
2718:D34087D7-6829-FFE4-AE9D-1E127BE2FAB3
2679:63d666b7-ce8e-4b1b-96b9-f9f3824cadb9
2591:6c24775c-080e-45f7-abc3-8823d2c7aeb3
2174:(jewel bugs or metallic shield bugs)
608:Hungerford, H. B. (1933). The genus
593:Fitter, R. & Manuel, R. (1986).
1986:(plant bugs, leaf bugs, grass bugs)
1933:(minute pirate bugs or flower bugs)
1590:(marsh treaders or water measurers)
2754:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
2125:(giant shield bugs and relatives)
880:(typical treehoppers, thorn bugs)
513:Diving insects use buoyancy vests
2738:
120:
2318:(milkweed bugs, true seed bugs)
2226:(squash bugs, leaf-footed bugs)
1493:(unique-headed bugs, gnat bugs)
1749:(water scorpions, needle bugs)
1:
476:10.1080/00222933.2011.651645
2375:(red bugs, cotton stainers)
645:Close-up photo by J. Hlasek
2832:
2733:
554:10.1016/j.ibmb.2012.04.007
456:Journal of Natural History
2396:
1882:
1644:
1421:
1417:
1392:
1202:(pupillarial palm scales)
1057:
1043:
757:
743:
699:
339:Corixidae (water boatmen)
241:
236:
117:Scientific classification
115:
108:
99:
23:
1316:(woolly conifer aphids)
503:Retrieved on 2008-07-26
491:Retrieved on 2008-07-26
2239:(scentless plant bugs)
1239:(Mediterranean scales)
374:
2700:Paleobiology Database
2383:(bordered plant bugs)
2156:(includes ebony bugs)
1822:(creeping water bugs)
616:21: 5-195.6+516+2kkig
366:
2811:Heteroptera families
2586:Fauna Europaea (new)
2354:(ash-grey leaf bugs)
2346:(atypical seed bugs)
2012:(old world bat bugs)
1941:(bed bugs, bat bugs)
1869:(pygmy backswimmers)
1778:(velvety shore bugs)
1370:(jumping plant lice)
614:U. Kansas Sci. Bull.
578:Chinery, M. (1986).
462:(17–18): 1025–1057.
367:Common backswimmer (
237:Subfamilies, Genera
2218:(broad-headed bugs)
1569:(velvet water bugs)
1157:(ornate pit scales)
546:2012IBMB...42..603W
468:2012JNatH..46.1025B
16:Family of true bugs
1741:(giant water bugs)
1668:(spiny shore bugs)
1601:Paraphrynoveliidae
1514:(semiaquatic bugs)
1469:Enicocephalomorpha
1263:(phenacoleachiids)
1261:Phenacoleachiidae
1223:(false pit scales)
1221:Lecanodiaspididae
375:
329:, commonly called
110:Notonecta maculata
2763:
2762:
2728:
2727:
2687:Open Tree of Life
2438:Taxon identifiers
2429:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2392:
2391:
2384:
2376:
2355:
2347:
2344:Rhyparochromidae
2319:
2271:
2240:
2227:
2219:
2188:
2175:
2157:
2139:
2126:
2118:
2115:Acanthosomatidae
2102:
2084:
2076:
2050:
2049:
2037:
2029:
2028:(royal palm bugs)
2026:Thaumastocoridae
2021:
2013:
1995:
1987:
1954:
1942:
1934:
1908:
1907:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1844:
1823:
1779:
1771:
1750:
1742:
1721:
1701:
1699:(true water bugs)
1687:
1686:
1669:
1661:
1640:
1639:
1619:
1591:
1570:
1549:
1536:
1516:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1463:
1462:
1412:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1371:
1325:
1317:
1296:
1288:
1287:(giant mealybugs)
1280:
1272:
1269:Phoenicococcidae
1264:
1256:
1248:
1240:
1232:
1224:
1216:
1203:
1195:
1187:
1179:
1166:
1158:
1150:
1142:
1134:
1131:Asterolecaniidae
1118:
1092:
1074:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
983:Hypochthonellidae
973:
908:
894:
893:
881:
868:
842:
826:
780:
316:
315:
232:
2823:
2816:Nepomorpha stubs
2784:
2777:
2770:
2742:
2735:
2721:
2720:
2708:
2707:
2695:
2694:
2682:
2681:
2672:
2671:
2659:
2658:
2656:NBNSYS0000039904
2646:
2645:
2633:
2632:
2620:
2619:
2607:
2606:
2594:
2593:
2581:
2580:
2568:
2567:
2555:
2554:
2542:
2541:
2529:
2528:
2516:
2515:
2503:
2502:
2493:
2492:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2433:
2403:are a different
2398:
2382:
2374:
2353:
2345:
2317:
2286:Cryptorhamphidae
2281:Colobathristidae
2269:
2238:
2225:
2217:
2186:
2173:
2155:
2138:(burrowing bugs)
2137:
2124:
2116:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2082:
2081:Termitaphididae
2074:
2061:
2035:
2027:
2019:
2011:
1993:
1985:
1951:Curalium cronini
1948:
1940:
1932:
1919:
1892:
1884:
1868:
1842:
1821:
1789:Aphelocheiroidea
1777:
1769:
1748:
1740:
1719:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1667:
1659:
1646:
1620:
1618:
1617:(water treaders)
1615:
1589:
1568:
1547:
1535:(water striders)
1534:
1521:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1492:
1491:Enicocephalidae
1486:Aenictopecheidae
1478:Enicocephaloidea
1474:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1394:
1369:
1323:
1315:
1294:
1286:
1278:
1270:
1262:
1254:
1246:
1238:
1230:
1222:
1214:
1201:
1193:
1186:(armored scales)
1185:
1177:
1164:
1156:
1148:
1140:
1132:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1072:
1059:
1045:
971:
913:
909:
907:
904:
879:
866:
840:
827:
825:
822:
781:
779:
776:
768:
759:
745:
684:
677:
670:
661:
620:Painful bug bite
566:
565:
525:
519:
510:
504:
498:
492:
486:
480:
479:
450:
444:
443:
425:
370:Notonecta glauca
230:
125:
124:
104:
94:
31:
30:Toarcian–Present
27:Temporal range:
21:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2731:
2729:
2724:
2716:
2711:
2703:
2698:
2690:
2685:
2677:
2675:
2667:
2662:
2654:
2649:
2641:
2636:
2628:
2623:
2615:
2610:
2602:
2597:
2589:
2584:
2576:
2571:
2563:
2558:
2550:
2545:
2537:
2532:
2524:
2519:
2511:
2506:
2498:
2496:
2488:
2483:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2440:
2430:
2417:
2388:
2359:
2339:Pachygronthidae
2306:Heterogastridae
2249:
2245:Stenocephalidae
2202:
2149:Parastrachiidae
2144:Thaumastellidae
2123:Tessaratomidae
2099:
2097:
2096:
2088:
2056:Pentatomomorpha
2046:
1904:
1891:(Coleorrhyncha)
1890:
1889:
1888:Peloridiomorpha
1874:
1848:
1827:
1806:
1797:Aphelocheiridae
1783:
1768:Gelastocoridae
1754:
1739:Belostomatidae
1725:
1720:(water boatmen)
1698:
1696:
1695:
1683:
1650:Leptopodomorpha
1636:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1605:
1574:
1553:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1498:
1459:
1455:Stemmocryptidae
1445:Hypsipterygidae
1427:Dipsocoromorpha
1413:
1409:
1403:
1380:
1363:Phacopteronidae
1329:
1300:
1295:(stictococcids)
1293:Stictococcidae
1277:Pseudococcidae
1255:(ensign scales)
1200:Halimococcidae
1116:(scale insects)
1115:
1113:
1112:
1104:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1053:
1027:
1018:Tettigometridae
905:
903:
902:
890:
846:
841:(hairy cicadas)
839:Tettigarctidae
823:
821:
820:
812:
777:
775:
774:
753:
751:Auchenorrhyncha
739:
695:
688:
635:
575:
570:
569:
527:
526:
522:
511:
507:
499:
495:
487:
483:
452:
451:
447:
440:
427:
426:
422:
417:
243:2 subfamilies:
229:
119:
95:
93:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2829:
2827:
2819:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2793:
2792:
2787:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2743:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2709:
2696:
2683:
2673:
2660:
2647:
2634:
2621:
2608:
2595:
2582:
2573:Fauna Europaea
2569:
2556:
2543:
2530:
2517:
2504:
2494:
2481:
2466:
2450:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2378:
2373:Pyrrhocoridae
2369:
2367:
2365:Pyrrhocoroidea
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2349:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2234:
2229:
2221:
2212:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2182:
2177:
2172:Scutelleridae
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:Thyreocoridae
2151:
2146:
2141:
2133:
2128:
2120:
2112:
2106:
2104:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2083:(termite bugs)
2078:
2069:
2067:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2031:
2023:
2015:
2007:
2005:Plokiophilidae
2002:
1997:
1989:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1944:
1936:
1927:
1925:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1843:(backswimmers)
1837:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1816:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1793:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1773:
1764:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1744:
1735:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1714:
1712:
1703:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1663:
1654:
1652:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1623:
1621:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:Hydrometridae
1584:
1582:
1580:Hydrometroidea
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1563:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1543:
1541:Hermatobatidae
1538:
1529:
1527:
1518:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1450:Schizopteridae
1447:
1442:
1437:
1435:Ceratocombidae
1431:
1429:
1415:
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869:
867:(leafhoppers)
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2756:expanding it
2745:
2730:
2490:NOTONECTIDAE
2476:Notonectidae
2446:Notonectidae
2445:
2352:Piesmatidae
2334:Oxycarenidae
2311:Idiostolidae
2270:(stilt bugs)
2187:(stink bugs)
2000:Pachynomidae
1974:Medocostidae
1969:Lyctocoridae
1950:
1914:Cimicomorpha
1900:Peloridiidae
1840:
1832:
1679:Aepophilidae
1660:(shore bugs)
1632:Mesoveliidae
1440:Dipsocoridae
1353:Carsidaridae
1253:Ortheziidae
1215:(lac scales)
1184:Diaspididae
1178:(cochineals)
1141:(beesoniids)
1139:Beesoniidae
1133:(pit scales)
1073:(whiteflies)
1071:Aleyrodidae
1063:Aleyrodoidea
935:Achilixiidae
878:Membracidae
860:Aetalionidae
852:Membracoidea
763:Cicadomorpha
735:Paraneoptera
733:Superorder:
727:Infraclass:
639:Notonectidae
626:Notonectidae
613:
609:
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579:
537:
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515:
508:
496:
484:
459:
455:
448:
429:
423:
403:
399:
397:
390:
384:
378:
376:
368:
351:
331:backswimmers
330:
323:cosmopolitan
319:Notonectidae
318:
317:
304:
297:
290:
283:
271:
264:
257:
250:
242:
227:Notonectidae
226:
216:
200:
190:Infraorder:
109:
24:Notonectidae
18:
2612:iNaturalist
2470:Wikispecies
2409:Heteroptera
2263:Artheneidae
2237:Rhopalidae
2198:Megarididae
2180:Plataspidae
2162:Lestoniidae
2131:Dinidoridae
2075:(flat bugs)
2036:(lace bugs)
2018:Reduviidae
1959:Joppeicidae
1947:Curaliidae
1820:Naucoridae
1812:Naucoroidea
1776:Ochteridae
1770:(toad bugs)
1760:Ochteroidea
1508:Gerromorpha
1400:Heteroptera
1358:Homotomidae
1348:Calophyidae
1343:Aphalaridae
1279:(mealybugs)
1008:Nogodinidae
1003:Meenoplidae
970:Fulgoridae
945:Delphacidae
917:Fulgoroidea
772:Cercopoidea
597:. Collins.
582:. Collins.
408:haemoglobin
392:N. maculata
247:Anisopinae
231:Leach, 1815
184:Heteroptera
2806:Nepomorpha
2795:Categories
2748:Nepomorpha
2316:Lygaeidae
2296:Geocoridae
2268:Berytidae
2255:Lygaeoidea
1939:Cimicidae
1923:Cimicoidea
1718:Corixidae
1710:Corixoidea
1693:Nepomorpha
1368:Psyllidae
1335:Psylloidea
1314:Adelgidae
1213:Kerriidae
1208:Kermesidae
1126:Aclerdidae
1084:Aphidoidea
1013:Ricaniidae
998:Lophopidae
993:Kinnaridae
818:Cicadoidea
803:Epipygidae
793:Cercopidae
721:Subclass:
711:Arthropoda
641:, BugGuide
573:References
266:Paranisops
207:Tripartita
194:Nepomorpha
180:Suborder:
154:Arthropoda
2381:Largidae
2276:Blissidae
2224:Coreidae
2216:Alydidae
2208:Coreoidea
2193:Canopidae
2167:Phloeidae
2136:Cydnidae
2073:Aradidae
2065:Aradoidea
2034:Tingidae
1674:Omaniidae
1658:Saldidae
1567:Hebridae
1559:Hebroidea
1546:Veliidae
1533:Gerridae
1525:Gerroidea
1398:Suborder
1376:Triozidae
1285:Putoidae
1163:Coccidae
1110:Coccoidea
1100:Aphididae
1049:Suborder
930:Achilidae
834:Cicadidae
824:(cicadas)
749:Suborder
723:Pterygota
703:Kingdom:
692:Hemiptera
610:Notonecta
386:N. glauca
380:Notonecta
358:proboscis
335:predators
327:Hemiptera
299:Martarega
292:Notonecta
285:Enithares
174:Hemiptera
140:Kingdom:
134:Eukaryota
2521:BugGuide
2497:BioLib:
2455:Wikidata
2324:Malcidae
1992:Nabidae
1984:Miridae
1867:Pleidae
1854:Pleoidea
1747:Nepidae
1731:Nepoidea
1090:(aphids)
978:Gengidae
965:Flatidae
950:Derbidae
940:Cixiidae
729:Neoptera
709:Phylum:
705:Animalia
694:families
562:22575160
411:oxygen.
354:tadpoles
223:Family:
150:Phylum:
144:Animalia
130:Domain:
2461:Q875622
2329:Ninidae
2291:Cymidae
988:Issidae
717:Insecta
715:Class:
690:Extant
542:Bibcode
464:Bibcode
400:Anisops
252:Anisops
170:Order:
164:Insecta
160:Class:
2692:995297
2676:NZOR:
2643:103557
2630:114361
2565:1NOTNF
2513:160801
2399:Note:
601:
586:
560:
436:
404:Buenoa
347:genera
306:Nychia
259:Buenoa
2746:This
2713:Plazi
2705:71385
2669:50616
2625:IRMNG
2617:56556
2578:12806
2539:626HD
2500:17094
2407:from
2405:clade
1404:(with
415:Notes
321:is a
201:Clade
2752:stub
2664:NCBI
2638:ITIS
2604:4322
2599:GBIF
2560:EPPO
2526:4965
2508:BOLD
599:ISBN
584:ISBN
558:PMID
434:ISBN
402:and
343:legs
35:PreꞒ
2651:NBN
2552:617
2547:EoL
2534:CoL
2485:AFD
550:doi
472:doi
2797::
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556:.
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458:.
203::
85:Pg
2783:e
2776:t
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2758:.
2415:.
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1949:(
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605:.
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373:)
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
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