20:
94:
Separating these work spaces from the main home "removed heat, obnoxious odors, and offending vermin" and decreased the risk of house fires and food-borne illnesses. The study of historical outbuildings also offers information about the lives of workers otherwise excluded from the history of a place,
785:
or unprocessed on either side. In
England the grain was beaten from the crop by flails and then separated from the husks by winnowing between these doors. The design of these typically remained unchanged between the 12th and 19th centuries. The large doors allow for a horse wagon to be driven
706:– a simple structure that consists of poles embedded in the ground to support a roof, with or without exterior walls. The pole barn lacks a conventional foundation, thus greatly reducing construction costs. Traditionally used to house livestock, hay or equipment.
39:, is a building that is part of a residential or agricultural complex but detached from the main sleeping and eating areas. Outbuildings are generally used for some practical purpose, rather than decoration or purely for leisure (such as a
19:
106:
style. Outbuildings can be valuable resources for architectural historians as they may "offer insight unavailable in traditional documentary sources." Architectural historian
110:
argues that in addition to documenting outbuildings, researchers need to inspect attics and basements "because it's there that you see how things are put together."
55:
may also be considered outbuildings. This article is limited to buildings that would typically serve one property, separate from community-scale structures such as
763:– a type of barn used in much of northern Europe in the Middle Ages for storing the tithes—a tenth of the farm's produce which had to be given to the church
1260:
619:
farming and the standard barn type in
America. This general term means the barns were used for both crop storage and as a byre to house animals.
1462:
1182:
924:""All the Annoyances and Inconveniences of the Country": Environmental Factors in the Development of Outbuildings in the Colonial Chesapeake"
1431:
154:
1489:
1321:
1147:
Corrado, Alessandra; Caruso, Francesco
Saverio; Cascio, Martina Lo; Nori, Michele; Palumbo, Letizia; Triandafyllidou, Anna (2018).
1494:
564:– A multilevel building built into a banking so the upper floor is accessible to a wagon, sometimes accessed by a bridge or ramp.
1454:
Kitchens, smokehouses, and privies : outbuildings and the architecture of daily life in the eighteenth-century Mid-Atlantic
735:
739:
625:– Horizontal log structures with up to four cribs (assemblies of crossing timbers) found primarily in the southern U.S.A.
551:
843:
1133:
314:(after an outdoor slaughter, preparing the cuts of meat for long-term storage would take place in a butcher house)
906:
652:– An outbuilding located in a field further afield than the main cluster of buildings that constitute a farmstead
404:
1087:"Making sense of Detached Kitchens: the implications of documentary evidence from seventeenth-century Wiltshire"
91:, on the other hand, is never an outbuilding because by definition is it is integrated into the main structure.
121:, no large windows, location near the main house, footprint smaller than main house, and little or no interior
103:
747:– A rare barn type in part of the U.S. designed for threshing with animals walking around a pole held by a
1134:
Essay on
Construction of the Outbuildings on a Farm, Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture and Arts
257:
554:, structure, location, or other features. Sometimes the same building falls into multiple categories.
1149:"INTRODUCTION: UNPACKING THE DEMAND FOR UNDECLARED WORK IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN SOUTHERN ITALY"
744:
696:– A combined living space and barn, relatively common in old Europe but rare in North America. Also,
670:– to store grain after it is threshed, some barns contain a room called a granary, some barns like a
577:
Bridge barn or covered bridge barn – general terms for barns accessed by a bridge rather than a ramp.
520:
504:
234:
107:
311:
253:
786:
through; the smaller ones allow for the sorting of sheep and other stock in the spring and summer.
1398:
1390:
1188:
1114:
1067:
1023:
959:
951:
883:
683:
306:
80:
64:
1428:
40:
1468:
1458:
1382:
1335:
1327:
1317:
1178:
1106:
1059:
1015:
943:
680:, has profile shaped as a Gothic arch, which became feasible to be formed by laminated members
586:
1374:
1231:
1098:
1007:
935:
677:
655:
292:
68:
1435:
1343:
770:
382:
1362:
1309:
1027:
813:
726:
571:
515:
509:
426:
416:
374:
317:
170:
122:
88:
995:
713:– A semi-subterranean or two story building for storage of potatoes or sweet potatoes.
1483:
1402:
1288:
1118:
963:
876:
693:
664:(U.S.), also called a Yankee or Connecticut barn – A widespread barn type in the U.S.
387:
334:
265:
1289:"AGRICULTURAL AND DOMESTIC OUTBUILDINGS IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN KENTUCKY, 1800-1865"
1086:
808:
754:
716:
710:
661:
567:
525:
476:
297:
229:
218:
96:
72:
60:
1102:
1419:. S.l.: Heritage Conservancy & The Bucks County Audubin Society, 2007. Print.
1153:
Is
Italian Agriculture A 'Pull Factor' for Irregular Migration – and, if So, Why?
583:– A sheep-barn and dwelling in the Netherlands, seasonal or sometimes year round.
1235:
1175:
Archaeological
Perspectives on Conflict and Warfare in Australia and the Pacific
465:
451:
279:
189:
76:
1192:
1170:
781:
in the centre of one side, a smaller one on the other, and storage for cereal
760:
731:
649:
639:
482:
460:
456:
397:
392:
328:
301:
274:
248:
239:
149:
118:
71:. Outbuildings are typically detached from the main structure, so places like
44:
1472:
1429:
Barn Guide:Traditional Farm
Buildings in South Hams: Their Adaption and Reuse
1386:
1339:
1148:
1110:
1063:
1019:
947:
1347:
1011:
857:
849:
766:
722:
703:
697:
689:
671:
622:
609:
561:
530:
370:
365:
348:
287:
261:
114:
56:
1452:
818:
658:– a common style of barn found in rural New England and in the U.S.
616:
494:
412:
408:
339:
243:
223:
117:
identified some common characteristics of the outbuildings: non-standard
48:
1224:
Buildings & Landscapes: Journal of the
Vernacular Architecture Forum
1071:
1047:
1394:
955:
923:
838:
833:
803:
782:
774:
667:
420:
359:
207:
198:
165:
52:
1219:
734:, built in a round shape the term often is generalized to the include
1316:. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 183.
612:
with cantilevered upper floors which developed in
Appalachia (U.S.A.)
213:
180:
1378:
615:
Combination barn – found throughout
England, especially in areas of
580:
939:
1331:
871:
470:
445:
194:
175:
18:
777:, to keep them in dry conditions. Characterised by large double
823:
798:
778:
543:
499:
440:
354:
628:
Drying barns for drying crops in Finland and Sweden are called
1314:
River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom
1169:
Grguric, Nic (2022), Clark, Geoffrey; Litster, Mirani (eds.),
1136:(Report). Ontario Department of Agriculture. pp. 102–114.
828:
322:
202:
95:
since one possible purpose of an outbuilding was to reinforce
129:
Good farming and good outbuildings are invariably associated.
558:
Apple barn or fruit barn – for the storage of fruit crops
1171:"The fortified homestead of the Australian frontier"
574:
with accommodation on the lower floor for livestock.
996:"Buildings as Sources for US Agricultural History"
908:"Harmonizing the Outbuildings," House & Garden
686:, a barn with space for livestock at ground level
589:(U.S.) of which there are sub-categories such as
1265:Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission
570:– a defensive structure to guard against
127:
719:– A general term for barns in the Western U.S.
1415:Marshall, Jeffrey L., and Willis M. Rivinus.
8:
1287:Kennedy, Rachel; Macintire, William (1999).
881:
102:Outbuildings are typically constructed in a
1177:(1 ed.), ANU Press, pp. 191–210,
911:. Condé Nast Publications. pp. 14–15.
113:Researchers studying detached kitchens in
674:blur the line between a barn and granary.
400:(marijuana, psilocybin mushrooms, et al.)
1361:Margueron, Jean-Claude (December 2000).
897:
47:), although luxury greenhouses such as
646:in Other farm buildings section below.
1296:Kentucky Historic Preservation Office
1282:
1280:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1245:
16:Accessory structures on farm or ranch
7:
1457:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1164:
1162:
1041:
1039:
1037:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
977:
975:
973:
550:Barns have been classified by their
1261:"Outbuildings and Other Structures"
1220:"Frank Lloyd Wright in the Kitchen"
642:– A barn type in the U.S. Also see
1218:Elizabeth Collins Cromley (2012).
773:for the processing and storage of
14:
23:Etching of a Canadian barn (1888)
608:Cantilever barn – a type of log
542:This section is an excerpt from
87:depending on their placement. A
1046:Martin, Frank Edgerton (2002).
757:– for drying of tobacco leaves
1:
1363:"A Stroll through the Palace"
1103:10.1080/03055477.2015.1123411
994:McMurry, Sally (2014-01-01).
922:Linebaugh, Donald W. (1994).
431:Machine houses and tool sheds
1085:Broad, John (January 2015).
1236:10.5749/buildland.19.1.0018
136:Canadian Live Stock Journal
1511:
1048:"Field Trips Into History"
861:(Scandinavian grillhouses)
844:Category:Pastoral shelters
541:
197:, possibly incorporating
83:may or may not be termed
1490:Buildings and structures
1451:Olmert, Michael (2009).
1367:Near Eastern Archaeology
437:Drying sheds, dry houses
104:vernacular architectural
1495:Vernacular architecture
1091:Vernacular Architecture
1028:10.3098/ah.2014.88.1.45
1012:10.3098/ah.2014.88.1.45
905:Allen, William (1910).
866:Derivative extravagance
162:Itinerant labor housing
134:Thomas Shaw, editor of
1052:Landscape Architecture
882:
379:Hemp-processing houses
201:and/or outdoor animal
141:
31:, sometimes called an
24:
1417:Barns of bucks county
1132:Shaw, Thomas (1888).
853:(Japanese tea houses)
597:types. Also known as
22:
1000:Agricultural History
928:Winterthur Portfolio
769:barn – built with a
640:New World Dutch Barn
398:Illicit grow houses
1434:2014-07-14 at the
884:Hameau de la Reine
684:Ground stable barn
33:accessory building
25:
1464:978-0-8014-4791-4
1184:978-1-76046-488-2
644:Dutch barn (U.K.)
587:Pennsylvania barn
481:Gin house (for a
258:detached kitchens
1502:
1476:
1438:
1426:
1420:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1293:
1284:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1257:
1240:
1239:
1215:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1166:
1157:
1156:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1043:
1032:
1031:
991:
968:
967:
919:
913:
912:
902:
887:
751:inside the barn.
725:and the related
700:were housebarns.
692:, also called a
678:Gothic arch barn
656:New England barn
505:Detached garages
293:Dugout (shelter)
139:
69:parish granaries
1510:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1480:
1479:
1465:
1450:
1447:
1445:Further reading
1442:
1441:
1436:Wayback Machine
1427:
1423:
1414:
1410:
1379:10.2307/3210786
1360:
1359:
1355:
1324:
1310:Johnson, Walter
1308:
1307:
1303:
1291:
1286:
1285:
1278:
1269:
1267:
1259:
1258:
1243:
1217:
1216:
1205:
1197:
1195:
1193:j.ctv2ff6h5r.14
1185:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1045:
1044:
1035:
993:
992:
971:
921:
920:
916:
904:
903:
899:
894:
868:
795:
790:
789:
771:threshing floor
745:Swing beam barn
709:Potato barn or
636:, respectively.
547:
539:
516:Roadside stands
383:Threshing barns
375:winnowing barns
254:Summer kitchens
146:
140:
133:
108:William Tishler
17:
12:
11:
5:
1508:
1506:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1463:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1421:
1408:
1373:(4): 205–207.
1353:
1322:
1301:
1276:
1241:
1203:
1183:
1158:
1139:
1124:
1077:
1033:
969:
940:10.1086/496641
914:
896:
895:
893:
890:
889:
888:
879:
874:
867:
864:
863:
862:
854:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
814:Connected farm
811:
806:
801:
794:
791:
788:
787:
764:
758:
752:
742:
740:octagonal barn
736:polygonal barn
729:
727:winnowing barn
720:
714:
707:
701:
687:
681:
675:
665:
659:
653:
647:
637:
626:
620:
613:
606:
584:
578:
575:
572:border reivers
565:
559:
548:
540:
538:
535:
534:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
507:
502:
497:
492:
489:
486:
479:
474:
468:
463:
454:
449:
443:
438:
435:
432:
429:
424:
417:pineapple pits
405:conservatories
401:
395:
390:
385:
380:
377:
368:
363:
357:
352:
346:
342:, columbaria,
337:
335:Shearing sheds
332:
331:or dairy barns
326:
320:
318:Poultry houses
315:
312:Butcher houses
309:
304:
295:
290:
285:
282:
277:
272:
269:
266:dirty kitchens
251:
246:
237:
232:
227:
221:
216:
211:
205:
192:
187:
184:
178:
173:
168:
163:
160:
159:Tenant housing
157:
155:Slave quarters
152:
145:
142:
131:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1507:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1357:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1323:9780674074880
1319:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1302:
1297:
1290:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1266:
1262:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1143:
1140:
1135:
1128:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1081:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
974:
970:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
918:
915:
910:
909:
901:
898:
891:
886:
885:
880:
878:
877:Garden hermit
875:
873:
870:
869:
865:
860:
859:
855:
852:
851:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
796:
792:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
750:
746:
743:
741:
737:
733:
730:
728:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
708:
705:
702:
699:
695:
694:byre-dwelling
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
641:
638:
635:
631:
627:
624:
621:
618:
614:
611:
607:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
556:
555:
553:
545:
537:Barn subtypes
536:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
480:
478:
477:Tobacco barns
475:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
458:
455:
453:
450:
447:
444:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
428:
425:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
388:Potato houses
386:
384:
381:
378:
376:
372:
369:
367:
364:
361:
358:
356:
353:
350:
347:
345:
341:
338:
336:
333:
330:
327:
324:
321:
319:
316:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
270:
267:
263:
259:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
230:Spring houses
228:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
209:
206:
204:
200:
196:
193:
191:
188:
185:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
147:
143:
137:
130:
126:
124:
123:ornamentation
120:
116:
111:
109:
105:
100:
98:
92:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
21:
1453:
1424:
1416:
1411:
1370:
1366:
1356:
1313:
1304:
1295:
1268:. Retrieved
1264:
1227:
1223:
1196:, retrieved
1174:
1152:
1142:
1127:
1094:
1090:
1080:
1058:(2): 80–91.
1055:
1051:
1006:(1): 45–67.
1003:
999:
931:
927:
917:
907:
900:
856:
848:
755:Tobacco barn
748:
717:Prairie barn
711:potato house
662:English barn
643:
633:
629:
602:
598:
594:
590:
568:Bastle house
549:
544:Barn § Types
526:Storage room
491:Guest houses
488:Guard houses
466:Cider houses
452:Sugar shacks
427:Coach houses
343:
325:or piggeries
307:Cheese caves
298:Wine cellars
284:Cold storage
280:Root cellars
219:Hay barracks
190:Radio shacks
135:
128:
112:
101:
99:boundaries.
93:
85:outbuildings
84:
81:cheese caves
77:root cellars
73:wine cellars
61:water towers
36:
32:
28:
26:
934:(1): 1–18.
603:porch barns
461:malt houses
457:Oast houses
448:or smithies
393:Greenhouses
344:pigeonniers
275:Smokehouses
240:Pump houses
183:(laundries)
171:Wash houses
119:floor plans
65:fire towers
29:outbuilding
1484:Categories
1332:2012030065
1270:2023-02-18
1198:2023-02-11
1097:(1): 1–7.
892:References
761:Tithe barn
749:swing beam
732:Round barn
698:longhouses
650:Field barn
531:Ware house
483:cotton gin
434:Packhouses
409:orangeries
371:Rice barns
366:Corn cribs
362:grain bins
349:Dog houses
329:Milkhouses
302:wine caves
288:Pit-houses
271:Bake ovens
262:cookhouses
249:Tankhouses
235:Ice houses
226:or privies
210:for horses
186:Wood sheds
150:Bunkhouses
57:gristmills
49:orangeries
45:tree house
41:pool house
37:dependency
1473:271812400
1403:155354601
1387:1094-2076
1348:26179618M
1340:827947225
1230:(1): 18.
1119:164022626
1111:0305-5477
1064:0023-8031
1020:0002-1482
964:162285380
948:0084-0416
858:Grillkota
850:Chashitsu
767:Threshing
723:Rice barn
704:Pole barn
690:Housebarn
672:rice barn
623:Crib barn
610:crib barn
562:Bank barn
495:Workshops
421:ferneries
413:walipinis
403:Detached
360:Granaries
351:, kennels
340:Dovecotes
244:windpumps
224:Outhouses
115:Wiltshire
53:ferneries
1432:Archived
1312:(2013).
1072:44673338
819:Barnyard
793:See also
617:pastoral
595:sweitzer
591:standard
552:function
199:haylofts
132:—
1395:3210786
956:1181448
839:Pergola
834:Lean-to
804:Cistern
783:harvest
775:cereals
668:Granary
599:forebay
323:Pigpens
214:Mangers
208:Stables
181:Lavoirs
166:Bothies
89:buttery
1471:
1461:
1401:
1393:
1385:
1346:
1338:
1330:
1320:
1191:
1181:
1155:: 2–3.
1117:
1109:
1070:
1062:
1026:
1018:
962:
954:
946:
521:Garage
446:Forges
423:, etc.
355:Siloes
268:, etc.
176:Saunas
138:(1888)
1399:S2CID
1391:JSTOR
1292:(PDF)
1189:JSTOR
1115:S2CID
1068:JSTOR
1024:JSTOR
960:S2CID
952:JSTOR
872:Folly
809:Croft
779:doors
630:riihi
512:sheds
510:Scale
473:sheds
471:Still
441:Kilns
195:Barns
144:Types
97:class
67:, or
43:or a
35:or a
1469:OCLC
1459:ISBN
1383:ISSN
1336:OCLC
1328:LCCN
1318:ISBN
1179:ISBN
1107:ISSN
1060:ISSN
1016:ISSN
944:ISSN
824:Shed
799:Well
738:and
632:and
593:and
500:shed
300:and
203:pens
79:and
1375:doi
1232:doi
1099:doi
1008:doi
936:doi
829:Hut
634:ria
601:or
581:Boô
242:or
51:or
27:An
1486::
1467:.
1397:.
1389:.
1381:.
1371:63
1369:.
1365:.
1344:OL
1342:.
1334:.
1326:.
1294:.
1279:^
1263:.
1244:^
1228:19
1226:.
1222:.
1206:^
1187:,
1173:,
1161:^
1151:.
1113:.
1105:.
1095:46
1093:.
1089:.
1066:.
1056:92
1054:.
1050:.
1036:^
1022:.
1014:.
1004:88
1002:.
998:.
972:^
958:.
950:.
942:.
932:29
930:.
926:.
459:,
419:,
415:,
411:,
407:,
373:,
264:,
260:,
256:,
125:.
75:,
63:,
59:,
1475:.
1405:.
1377::
1350:.
1298:.
1273:.
1238:.
1234::
1121:.
1101::
1074:.
1030:.
1010::
966:.
938::
605:.
546:.
485:)
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