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282:, referring to this visual spectacle. Barker created a painting, shown on a cylindrical surface and viewed from the inside, giving viewers a vantage point encompassing the entire circle of the horizon, rendering the original scene with high fidelity. The inaugural exhibition, a "View of Edinburgh" (specifically the view from the summit of
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in 1839, photographers began assembling multiple images of a view into a single wide image. In the late 19th century, flexible film enabled the construction of panoramic cameras using curved film holders and clockwork drives to rotate the lens in an arc and thus scan an image encompassing almost 180
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Pinhole cameras of a variety of constructions can be used to make panoramic images. A popular design is the "oatmeal box", a vertical cylindrical container in which the pinhole is made in one side and the film or photographic paper is wrapped around the inside wall opposite, and extending almost
433:
1137:
Fedorov, R., Fraternali, P., & Tagliasacchi, M. (2014, November). Mountain peak identification in visual content based on coarse digital elevation models. In
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM International Workshop on Multimedia Analysis for Ecological Data (pp. 7-11).
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476:. Precisely overlapping slides placed in slide mounts with soft-edge density masks would merge seamlessly on the screen to create the panorama. Cutting and dissolving between sequential images generated animation effects in the panorama format.
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that were created when a sequence of planar sketches was combined into a cylinder. It also projected the cylindrical drawing onto the wall of the rotunda at much larger scale to enable its accurate painting. The apparatus was exhibited at the
569:, but immersive "spherical" panorama movies (that incorporate a full 180° vertical viewing angle as well as 360° around) must be made by stitching multiple images. Stitching images together can be used to create extremely high resolution
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in
Lucerne, Switzerland, features a theatre that is a large cylindrical space with an arrangement of screens whose bottom is several metres above the floor. Panoramic systems that are less than 360° around also exist. For example,
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A panoramic view is also purposed for multimedia, cross-scale applications to an outline overview (from a distance) along and across repositories. This so-called "cognitive panorama" is a panoramic view over, and a combination of,
927:'s 1993 photograph Restoration. Wall constructed a fictitious scene in which actual conservators were posed as if they were in the process of restoring the painting which was not in fact undergoing restoration at the time. (
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projections onto one or more screens characteristically lent themselves to the wide screen panorama. They could run autonomously with silent synchronization pulses to control projector advance and fades, recorded beside an
1127:
McAdoo, B. G., Richardson, N., & Borrero, J. (2007). Inundation distances and run‐up measurements from ASTER, QuickBird and SRTM data, Aceh coast, Indonesia. International
Journal of Remote Sensing, 28(13-14),
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for example, the
Cincinnati Panorama (1848), a daguerreotype by Charles Fontayne and William S. Porter. 6½ x 68 inches (15.24 by 21.59 cm). Held at the Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County.
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360-degree panorama picture of the center courtyard of the Sony Center at the
Potsdamer Platz in Berlin. This picture was calculated from 126 individual photos using autostitch
837:. Blanchard (London. 1786: reprint, New York: Aeronautical Archive of the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences and the Works Projects Administration. 1941), 17, 20.
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378:, a cylindrical painting more than 14 metres high and roughly 40 meters in diameter (120 meters in circumference). In the United States of America is the
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A 270-degree panorama stitched "in-camera". Many modern digital cameras can automatically stitch a sequence of images shot while the camera is rotated.
389:. It was first displayed in 1887, and is 42 feet high by 358 feet circumference (13 × 109 metres). Also on a gigantic scale, and still extant, is the
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40:
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The
Bourbaki Panorama, which shows the plight of the French Troops of General Bourbaki in 1871 during the Franco-Prussian War, is the subject of
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is a panorama with an upright orientation instead of a horizontal. It is created using the same techniques as when making a horizontal panorama.
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Panoramic photography soon came to displace painting as the most common method for creating wide views. Not long after the introduction of the
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This reference, the earliest found so far, is suggested by Scott Wilcox in 'Erfindung und
Entwicklung des Panoramas in Grossbritannien',
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In addition to these historical examples, there have been panoramas painted and installed in modern times; prominent among these is the
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as argued in
Oettermann, Stephan, The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium. trans. Deborah Lucas Schneider (New York: Zone Books, 1997)
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Eric Renner (2008). Pinhole photography from historic technique to digital application (4th ed). Amsterdam Focal Press pps. 129-140
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On rare occasions, 360° panoramic movies have been constructed for specially designed display spaces—typically at
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Digital photography of the late twentieth century greatly simplified this assembly process, which is now known as
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in 1787. The earliest that the word "panorama" appeared in print was on June 11, 1791, in the
British newspaper
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Large scale installations enhance the illusion for an audience of being surrounded with a real landscape. The
171:"Vue circulaire des montagnes qu‘on decouvre du sommet du Glacier de Buet", from Horace-Benedict de Saussure,
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right to the edge of, the pinhole. This generates an egg-shaped image with more than 180° view.
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in a winding 360-degree panorama and given the impression of standing in a new environment. The
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The USA Library of
Congress holds 1,172 images of panoramic maps of American towns and cities
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and the British Library has panoramas of UK cities and towns, and of many in its colonies
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Voyage dans les Alpes, précédés d'un essai sur l'histoire naturelle des environs de Geneve
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Popular in the 1970s and 1980s, but now superseded by digital presentation software,
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allows the capture of high resolution panoramic images and eliminates the need for
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and contributed to a formative impulse toward panoramic vision and depiction.
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Marsh, John L. "Drama and Spectacle by the Yard: The Panorama in America."
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A Review of ‘The Panoramic River,’ at the Hudson River Museum - NYTimes.com
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used a very wide curved screen, with three synchronized projectors, and
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Discovering the Magic Kingdom: An Unofficial Disneyland Vacation Guide
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under the clear sky over the Chajnantor Plateau, in the Chilean Andes.
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Images, Images, Images: The Book of Programmed Multi-Image Production
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933:, Stanford, California Stanford University Press (published 2012),
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http://www.ohiomemory.org/cdm/ref/collection/p267401coll36/id/4168
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Sehsucht. Das Panorama als Massenunterhaltung des 19 Jahrhunderts
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in 1881. The painting measures about 10 metres in height with a
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The device of the panorama existed in painting, particularly in
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537:. Such stitched images may even be fashioned into forms of
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who was present for the first manned balloon flight by the
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This novel perspective was quickly conveyed to America by
121:. The word was coined in the 18th century by the English (
765:"Motion picture - Expressive elements of motion pictures"
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view or representation of a physical space, whether in
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The First Panoramas: Visions of British Imperialism.
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Sir Francis Ronalds: Father of the Electric Telegraph
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International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics
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movies are projected on a dome above the spectators.
16:
Wide-angle view or representation of a physical space
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at the center of London's entertainment district in
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on the border between Oman and United Arab Emirates
1261:. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 681.
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248:and models became a very popular way to represent
456:(also known as multi-image slide presentations,
1017:Kenny, Michael F.; Schmitt, Raymond F. (1983).
646:Panoramic representation can be generated from
1188:Five volumes, 2,000pp. Pickering and Chatto.
355:of 112 meters. In the same year of 1881, the
220:in 1783, and by the American-born physician,
8:
1180:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
268:visual medium patented under the title
876:"The surprising history of the word 'dude'"
314:A panorama of London by Robert Barker, 1792
1184:Garrison, Laurie et al., editors (2013).
805:(Rev. and expanded ed.), MIT Press,
187:, as a means of generating an immersive "
183:, as early as 20 A.D., in those found in
1207:The Panorama: History of a mass medium.
1082:"ALMA Panoramic View with Carina Nebula"
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323:developed a machine to remove errors in
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56:of all important aspects of the article.
1186:Panoramas, 1787–1900 Texts and contexts
803:Virtual art: from illusion to immersion
801:Grau, Oliver; Custance, Gloria (2003),
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77:Panorama of the inner courtyard of the
589:Panoramic view of the antennas of the
52:Please consider expanding the lead to
232:and the first aerial crossing of the
7:
1050:Wyden Kivowitz, Scott (5 May 2014).
835:Two Voyages of Dr Jeffries with Mons
1053:Go Wider with Panoramic Photography
929:Mieszkowski, Jan (22 August 2012),
541:movies, using technologies such as
408:in Los Angeles, California (2004).
903:. London: Imperial College Press.
159:used to capture the larger scale.
14:
981:Jan Stanisław Kopczewski (1976),
617:, and museums. Starting in 1955,
401:, which measures 15 × 120 metres.
270:Apparatus for Exhibiting Pictures
93:πᾶν "all" + ὅραμα "view") is any
642:Non-photographic representations
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1224:University of Minnesota Press.
224:who had joined French aeronaut
44:may be too short to adequately
689:International Panorama Council
591:Atacama Large Millimeter Array
54:provide an accessible overview
1:
330:Royal Polytechnic Institution
1220:Oleksijczuk, Denise (2011).
1205:Oettermann, Stephan (1997).
1155:. Harvard University Press.
366:created and established the
175:. Neuchatel, 1779–96, pl. 8.
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1202:10, no. 3 (1976): 581–589.
1200:Journal of Popular Culture
1106:Joshua C. Shaffer (2010),
958:, Reaktion Books, page 214
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141:. The motion-picture term
18:
972:, Ulysses Press, page 204
244:In the mid-19th century,
21:Panorama (disambiguation)
1151:Altick, Richard (1978).
648:digital elevation models
252:, topographic views and
79:Great Mosque of Kairouan
1258:Encyclopædia Britannica
1177:Encyclopædia Britannica
1110:, AuthorHouse, page 200
1086:ESO Picture of the Week
968:Marty Olmstead (2002),
954:Bernard Comment (2004),
769:Encyclopedia Britannica
509:A vertical panorama or
201:experiments during the
985:, Interpress, page 220
983:Kosciuszko and Pulaski
899:Ronalds, B.F. (2016).
709:Omnidirectional camera
627:Swiss Transport Museum
625:for its parks and the
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205:era preceded European
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724:Panoramic tripod head
719:Panoramic photography
694:Leme panoramic camera
527:Further information:
501:Vertical panorama of
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418:Panoramic photography
406:Velaslavasay Panorama
364:Hendrik Willem Mesdag
279:The Morning Chronicle
226:Jean Pierre Blanchard
170:
76:
1291:Photography by genre
1286:Panorama photography
559:rotating line camera
332:in the early 1840s.
296:Notre Dame de France
240:As popular spectacle
218:Montgolfier brothers
19:For other uses, see
1153:The Shows of London
636:IMAX Dome / OMNIMAX
246:panoramic paintings
131:panoramic paintings
714:Panoramic painting
684:Google Street View
573:panoramic images.
507:
393:(1893) located in
391:Racławice Panorama
191:" experience of a
177:
83:
1238:978-0-8166-4860-3
1230:978-0-8166-4861-0
1058:Pearson Education
1036:978-0-87985-327-3
940:978-0-8047-8240-1
910:978-1-78326-917-4
812:978-0-262-07241-0
787:For more see the
387:Battle of Atlanta
380:Atlanta Cyclorama
337:Bourbaki Panorama
254:historical events
214:Benjamin Franklin
207:panorama painting
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368:Panorama Mesdag
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41:lead section
1266:Peak finder
1209:MIT Press.
1091:12 November
880:www.bbc.com
704:Multi-image
611:theme parks
458:slide shows
454:Multi-image
412:Photographs
376:Netherlands
345:Switzerland
325:perspective
284:Calton Hill
119:3D modeling
107:photography
1275:Categories
1215:0942299833
1161:0674807316
1128:2961-2975.
1117:1452063125
885:2020-04-14
774:2018-06-13
740:References
734:Widescreen
679:EveryScape
603:See also:
555:JavaScript
553:, or even
503:Jebel Jais
470:voice-over
462:35mm slide
266:360-degree
250:landscapes
125:) painter
95:wide-angle
62:April 2021
925:Jeff Wall
669:Cyclorama
571:gigapixel
511:vertorama
472:or music
427:degrees.
384:Civil War
372:The Hague
236:in 1785.
135:Edinburgh
46:summarize
1172:Panorama
956:Panorama
658:See also
650:such as
632:Cinerama
563:Panoscan
362:painter
262:panorama
258:immersed
189:panoptic
149:panorama
99:painting
87:panorama
674:Diorama
395:Wrocław
341:Lucerne
288:rotunda
230:England
185:Pompeii
163:History
144:panning
103:drawing
1236:
1228:
1213:
1192:
1159:
1115:
1064:
1033:
937:
907:
809:
619:Disney
399:Poland
360:marine
264:was a
181:murals
139:London
944:p.91)
547:Flash
474:track
467:audio
357:Dutch
193:vista
117:, or
91:Greek
1234:ISBN
1226:ISBN
1211:ISBN
1190:ISBN
1157:ISBN
1138:ACM.
1113:ISBN
1093:2013
1062:ISBN
1031:ISBN
935:ISBN
905:ISBN
807:ISBN
652:SRTM
557:. A
551:Java
137:and
111:film
1174:".
370:of
339:in
133:of
1277::
1255:.
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