262:
42:
49:
476:
crossing the river
Hydaspes also, the width of which, as they learned, was thirty-two furlongs, its depth a hundred fathoms, while its banks on the further side were covered with multitudes of men-at-arms and horsemen and elephants. For they were told that the kings of the Ganderites and Praesii were awaiting them with eighty thousand horsemen, two hundred thousand footmen, eight thousand chariots, and six thousand fighting elephants.
427:. Records suggest that the Indus was under Achaemenid control at least until 338 BCE, which is less than ten years before the campaigns of Alexander. This would make Porus a king or chieftain of the recently independent Pauravas at the time of their confrontation with Alexander. The extent of Achaemenid territories is also affirmed by
475:
As for the
Macedonians, however, their struggle with Porus blunted their courage and stayed their further advance into India. For having had all they could do to repulse an enemy who mustered only twenty thousand infantry and two thousand horse, they violently opposed Alexander when he insisted on
451:, with the other tribes that occupy the seaboard; and the Indus lies, latitudinally, alongside all these places; and of these places, in part, some that lie along the Indus are held by Indians, although they formerly belonged to the Persians. — The Geography of Strabo, Book XV, Chapter 2, 9
530:, stated that Brahmapura Kingdom rulers belonged to the royal lineage of the Pauravas. The reinstated Paurava dynasty of Brahmapur was founded by Vishnuverman and flourished in the 7th century AD. It is stated that these kings were brahminical in habit and practices.
261:
990:
1843:
493:
Alexander died on his way back from India. The instability that ensued after
Alexander's death resulted in a power struggle and dramatic changes in governance. Porus was soon assassinated by the Macedonian general
1838:
614:
Not known in Indian sources, the name Porus has been conjecturally interpreted as standing for
Paurava, that is, the domain of the Purus, a clan known in that region from ancient Vedic times.
985:
2183:
1911:
2096:
1011:
908:
1850:
1786:
797:
903:
1916:
1892:
978:
2422:
247:
1763:
1450:
381:, due to the closeness of the names. However, the Pauravas referred to in Indic literature are a much older kingdom, and in a different region geographically.
1855:
1016:
2316:
1414:
913:
459:. Alexander was initially set on venturing into India, but the battle against Porus curbed his aspirations. His army mutinied when faced with opposing the
2101:
1860:
1409:
2432:
1758:
923:
41:
893:
1926:
1731:
1579:
1574:
1440:
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950:
918:
401:
2084:
1282:
945:
876:
539:
1445:
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1887:
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1339:
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784:
775:
685:
640:
607:
2190:
1921:
2077:
1435:
2067:
1419:
506:
for supremacy over the Indus Valley, Chandragupta gained control of modern-day Punjab and
Afghanistan. This was the foundation of the
1821:
1250:
1245:
832:
741:
715:
1255:
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2027:
1748:
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2012:
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2106:
1831:
1753:
580:
1899:
1215:
928:
1524:
731:
886:
397:
River. This was not only the extent of Porus's kingdom, but also became the eastern limit of the
Macedonian Empire.
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1021:
2200:
2089:
2032:
1277:
823:
768:
503:
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2037:
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471:, the previous, costly conflict against Porus's much smaller army contributed significantly to their unease.
1671:
1532:
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78:
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761:
522:. Following the disintegration of the Mauryan Empire, many regional entities emerged. The Taleshwar
2302:
1689:
1359:
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485:
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69:
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At the time of
Alexander's invasion, the Pauravas were apparently situated on or near the
201:
154:
134:
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The origins of the
Pauravas are still disputed. The Pauravas may be related to the
597:
2371:
1992:
1987:
1542:
1235:
1152:
808:
788:
362:
237:
174:
143:
435:
The geographical position of the tribes is as follows: along the Indus are the
431:
in his "Geography" (Book XV), describing the
Persian holdings along the Indus:
1547:
1062:
464:
440:
366:
267:
98:
2391:
2381:
2361:
1975:
1963:
1951:
1552:
544:
444:
251:
Location on the
Pauravas and contemporary South Asian polities circa 150 CE.
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2336:
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1946:
1611:
814:
802:
519:
481:
468:
448:
341:
295:
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107:
89:
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753:
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279:
271:
192:
183:
125:
56:
2396:
2002:
1367:
1072:
527:
428:
424:
417:
394:
275:
575:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 145, map XIV.1 (d).
510:, which would become the largest empire in the Indian subcontinent.
2401:
1606:
1372:
345:
1377:
1164:
549:
757:
602:. Encyclopaedia Britannica / Popular Prakashan. p. 222.
518:
It appears that the Pauravas were annexed by the militant
420:
and conquered the Jhelum River region, designating it the
502:, a young adventurer. After engaging in and winning the
266:
Location of the Pauravas relative to other groups: the
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2011:
1935:
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498:By 316 BCE, the Macedonian lands were conquered by
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323:
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301:
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23:
1893:Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks
473:
677:A History of Sanskrit Literature (Illustrated)
624:
622:
1451:Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests
769:
455:Alexander and Porus fought each other at the
8:
1415:Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests
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20:
16:Ancient dynasty of the Indian subcontinent
657:"Strabo Geography, Book XV, Chapter 2, 9"
1441:Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests
561:
699:
697:
635:. Ebury Publishing. pp. 129–131.
540:Indian campaign of Alexander the Great
2423:Ancient empires and kingdoms of India
674:Arthur A. MacDonell (28 March 2014).
322:
312:
308:
7:
733:A Comprehensive Study of UTTARAKHAND
599:Indian History: Ancient and medieval
447:: then next, towards the south, the
1436:Western Himalayan broadleaf forests
707:Ancient Communities of the Himalaya
467:. According to the Greek historian
1420:Himalayan subtropical pine forests
393:, with territory extending to the
14:
2145:Dehradun–Haridwar–Rishikesh Metro
1446:Terai–Duar savanna and grasslands
1251:United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
1246:United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
629:Graham Phillips (31 March 2012).
2433:Empires and kingdoms of Pakistan
1912:Monuments of National Importance
572:A Historical atlas of South Asia
569:Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978).
47:
40:
1927:Tourist attractions in Dehradun
704:Saklani, Dinesh Prasad (1998).
443:: then, towards the south, the
2184:Institutes of higher education
1:
1216:Ceded and Conquered Provinces
924:Provincial Armed Constabulary
1851:Parliamentary constituencies
1787:Community Development Blocks
1283:Bifurcation of Uttar Pradesh
919:Fire and Emergency Services
2449:
596:Nonica Datta, ed. (2003).
2201:Uttarakhand Gaurav Samman
1917:State Protected Monuments
956:Provincial Forest Service
951:Provincial Police Service
941:Public Service Commission
795:
680:. Lulu.com. p. 331.
488:, Plutarch, Alexander, 62
333:
309:
259:
35:
30:
991:Leader of the Opposition
946:Provincial Civil Service
412:in 535 BCE. In 518 BCE,
385:Puru and Alexander story
1839:Assembly constituencies
1221:North-Western Provinces
914:Disaster Response Force
2191:Awards and decorations
2179:School Education Board
1764:Municipal Corporations
1073:Khasa Janapada kingdom
491:
463:and their subordinate
457:Battle of the Hydaspes
453:
439:, above whom lies the
325:• Disestablished
1844:Former constituencies
1822:2016 political crisis
1807:Coolie-Begar movement
736:. 18 September 2019.
661:penelope.uchicago.edu
433:
2085:Association football
2078:Women's cricket team
1278:Rampur Tiraha firing
974:Legislative Assembly
882:Council of Ministers
812:(summer); judicial:
710:. Indus Publishing.
504:Seleucid–Mauryan war
441:Paropamisus mountain
400:The Indus River was
248:class=notpageimage|
2090:Men's football team
1888:World Heritage Site
1856:Rajya Sabha members
632:Alexander The Great
514:Post-Mauryan Empire
500:Chandragupta Maurya
369:may have belonged.
315:• Established
2073:Men's cricket team
2028:Govind Pashu Vihar
1812:Statehood movement
1759:Urban Local Bodies
1182:Anglo-Nepalese War
1063:Uttarakuru kingdom
2428:History of Punjab
2410:
2409:
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2255:Udham Singh Nagar
2196:Uttarakhand Ratna
2140:Char Dham Railway
2135:Char Dham Highway
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1861:Lok Sabha members
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1187:Treaty of Sugauli
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1039:
934:Police Department
929:Forest Department
687:978-1-304-98862-1
642:978-0-7535-3582-0
609:978-81-7991-067-2
520:Yaudheya Republic
406:Achaemenid Empire
351:
350:
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2218:
1981:Kedarnath Temple
1969:Badrinath Temple
1957:Yamunotri Temple
1878:
1739:
1625:
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1575:Scheduled Castes
1567:Scheduled Tribes
1563:Scheduled Castes
1483:
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1078:Himalaya kingdom
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2111:
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2014:
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1938:
1931:
1867:
1832:Local elections
1817:Chipko movement
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1226:Agra Presidency
1207:
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1191:
1148:Katyuri dynasty
1131:Garhwal Kingdom
1123:
1117:
1108:Kuninda Kingdom
1083:Parvata kingdom
1068:Paurava kingdom
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410:Cyrus the Great
387:
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31:250 BCE–100 BCE
26:
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12:
11:
5:
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2107:Sports College
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2019:
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2009:
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1941:
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877:Chief Minister
874:
868:
866:
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861:
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798:State capitals
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2:
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1468:Demographics
1383:Ganges Basin
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2250:Pithoragarh
2033:Jim Corbett
1993:Panch Kedar
1988:Sapta Badri
1487:Indo-Aryans
1271:Uttarakhand
1198:Uttarakhand
1022:Bar Council
967:Legislature
909:Departments
809:Bhararisain
789:Uttarakhand
526:, found in
365:, to which
239:HAN DYNASTY
176:ARJUNAYANAS
71:SATAVAHANAS
2417:Categories
2303:Uttarkashi
2126:Transport
2038:Nanda Devi
1690:Chaudangsi
1629:Indo-Aryan
1396:Ecoregions
1309:Geological
1027:Lok Adalat
1007:High Court
824:Government
806:(winter);
582:0226742210
556:References
465:Gangaridai
379:Puru tribe
367:King Porus
292:Government
282:, and the
268:Audumbaras
100:AUDUMBARAS
80:MAHAMEGHA-
59:South Asia
2392:Mussoorie
2382:New Tehri
2362:Rishikesh
2240:Champawat
2235:Bageshwar
2213:Districts
2174:Education
1976:Kedarnath
1964:Badrinath
1952:Yamunotri
1881:Monuments
1827:Elections
1749:Districts
1734:divisions
1593:Languages
1553:Banrawats
1505:Jaunsaris
1495:Garhwalis
1403:Highlands
1318:Mountains
1297:Geography
1032:Lokayukta
1000:Judiciary
865:Executive
545:Shurasena
449:Gedroseni
404:into the
284:Yaudheyas
158:BACTRIANS
109:YAUDHEYAS
91:SAMATATAS
2387:Nainital
2377:Srinagar
2367:Ramnagar
2352:Rudrapur
2347:Kashipur
2337:Haldwani
2332:Haridwar
2327:Dehradun
2283:Haridwar
2278:Dehradun
2245:Nainital
2130:Airports
2023:Gangotri
2013:National
1947:Gangotri
1937:Chardham
1800:Politics
1782:Parganas
1647:Jaunsari
1637:Garhwali
1612:Sanskrit
1600:Official
1533:Bhotiyas
1500:Kumaonis
1429:Lowlands
1311:features
1196:Colonial
1124:kingdoms
1122:Medieval
1056:kingdoms
904:Agencies
887:Cabinets
872:Governor
815:Nainital
803:Dehradun
534:See also
496:Eudemus.
482:Plutarch
479:—
469:Plutarch
445:Arachoti
416:invaded
357:were an
355:Pauravas
342:Pakistan
296:Monarchy
280:Vrishnis
272:Kunindas
136:KUNINDAS
127:VRISHNIS
118:PAURAVAS
25:Pauravas
2357:Kotdwar
2342:Roorkee
2273:Chamoli
2265:Garhwal
2169:Economy
2157:Cuisine
2068:Cricket
1939:circuit
1922:Temples
1873:Tourism
1754:Tehsils
1695:Darmiya
1685:Byangsi
1652:Bangani
1642:Kumaoni
1538:Shaukas
1345:Bugyals
1301:ecology
1206:Company
1054:Ancient
1046:History
986:Speaker
979:History
899:Gazette
833:Symbols
425:satrapy
422:Hindush
373:Origins
359:ancient
329:100 BCE
319:250 BCE
302:History
276:Vemakas
203:PANDYAS
194:SHUNGAS
185:MALAVAS
82:VAHANAS
61:150 BCE
2397:Almora
2319:cities
2230:Almora
2222:Kumaon
2119:topics
2061:Sports
2043:Rajaji
2003:Gomukh
1680:Rongpo
1621:Spoken
1515:Tharus
1510:Buksas
1478:groups
1476:Ethnic
1368:Bhabar
1360:Plains
1017:Judges
846:Emblem
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528:Almora
429:Strabo
418:Punjab
395:Chenab
305:
278:, the
274:, the
270:, the
230:LOULAN
221:CHERAS
212:CHOLAS
167:MITRAS
156:GRECO-
147:GREEKS
2402:Pauri
2317:Major
2152:Music
2117:Other
2015:parks
1775:Rural
1742:Urban
1705:Rawat
1662:Tharu
1657:Buksa
1607:Hindi
1543:Rajis
1373:Terai
1350:Lakes
1236:Crown
856:Motto
785:State
346:India
145:INDO-
1700:Raji
1548:Jads
1378:Doab
1238:rule
1208:rule
851:Song
738:ISBN
712:ISBN
682:ISBN
637:ISBN
604:ISBN
577:ISBN
550:Yadu
353:The
1710:Jad
1565:and
1299:and
841:Day
787:of
408:by
2419::
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621:^
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286:.
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