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Claypon took over
Christie's assets, and came to the conclusion that shipping lime, coal, iron ore and quicklime south to the larger industrial premises in the southern Swansea Valley was more productive than trying to serve a small rural population of the Usk valley to the north. They quickly sold
370:
created the final closure, as the need to scale production upwards for the larger coastal meant the heavily manual process of
Penwyllt quarry was uneconomic compared to other British and foreign facilities which could bulk ship by sea. The Penwyllt Inn, or 'Stump' as it was often known, closed in
406:
The quarry, though not the railway, re-opened in 2007 to provide limestone for the works associated with a new gas pipeline being laid through South Wales. In 2008 it was again dormant. In 2009 it was operational but at a relatively low level of activity.
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line. The line north of the station closed to Brecon, and by the end of the 1960s the population had fallen to 20 people. The railway line south to Neath remained open until 1977 to serve the quarry until it ceased major production and effectively closed.
161:, a Scottish businessman based in London, who had become wealthy through the import of indigo. Christie developed a limestone quarry at Penwyllt, and decided to develop lime kilns there as well. In 1820 he moved to
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cyn.JPG :: Craig y Nos
Station at Penwyllt looking north on 14 April 2006. The Neath & Brecon line to this point lingered on to serve the adjacent quarry until 1977 (officially closed 1981)
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As industrial activity declined with reducing economic stocks of coal, iron ore and limestone and the development of new technologies on a larger scale on the coast of South Wales, particularly at
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Christie was declared bankrupt in 1827 and most of his assets, including the tramroad, eventually passed to his principal creditor, Joseph
Claypon, of the banking house of Garfit & Claypon in
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a bank of four kilns near the
Penwyllt Inn erected in around 1863 to 1867 by, it is thought, the Brecon Coal & Lime Co. There is a loading bank for railway wagons in front of the kilns
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The former pub survives as private accommodation for cavers. The former Craig-y-nos station survives in reasonable repair as a private holiday cottage. Patti Row, a historic block of
200:
or leased the farms and developments north of
Fforest Fawr and concentrated on expanding the lime kilns at or around Penwyllt. In total there were fifteen lime kilns at Penwyllt:
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Subsequently, Penwyllt also supported the
Penwyllt Dinas Silica Brick company, which quarried silica sand at Pwll Byfre from which it manufactured refractory bricks, a form of
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Many of the former industrial buildings, commercial properties and houses of
Penwyllt were demolished in the early 1980s, being both beyond economic repair and unneeded.
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still occupied are in Powell Street and form the headquarters of the South Wales Caving Club, and the South & Mid Wales Cave Rescue Team SWCC Cottage
505:
Matthews, Helen, (1991), "Penwyllt
Village, Growth, Development and Decline", Local History Dissertation, University College of Swansea (25MB pdf file)
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321:. She built a road from the castle to the station and had a separate waiting room built. The railway supplied her in return with her own
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between 1836 and 1842, the bank of seven kilns has been largely destroyed by quarry tipping. Only one draw arch can now be seen
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The 1825 and 1827 kilns built by Joseph
Claypon have been largely demolished, although the single draw arch can still be seen
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in the industrial processes in the lower Swansea Valley, taking limestone from the quarries and turning it into quicklime in
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Barrie, D.S.M., A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain, Vol. 12 South Wales. David & Charles, 1980.
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in the UK. A corresponding area on the surface is also part of the national nature reserve, on the slopes of
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180:. A branch served the Gwaun Clawdd Colliery on the northern slopes of Mynydd y Drum and was extended to the
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and silica brick production centre, its fortunes rose and fell as a result of the Industrial Revolution in
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A detailed account of the history of Penwyllt and its industries was provided by Matthews(1991).
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through Fforest Fawr by way of the limestone quarries at Penwyllt to the Drim Colliery near
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two lime kilns created in the railway age by "Jeffreys, Powell and Williams", dated 1878
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An historic and photographic exploration of Penwyllt by John Ball and Venita Roylance
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was filmed in Penwyllt to stand in for the fictional village of Brynblaidd in the
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The Brecon Forest Tramroads: the archaeology of an early railway system
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Hughes, Stephen, The Brecon Forest Tramroads, RCAHM in Wales, 1990,
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1948, and in October 1962 all passenger services were withdrawn by
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1988 Aerial shot of Penwyllt quarry and railway at Casglu'r Tlysau
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Beneath Penwyllt and the surrounding area is the extensive
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mainline. An early and unsuccessful purchaser of the new
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Penwyllt developed primarily as a result of the need for
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426:, where the titular team faces a group of cannibals.
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90:, part of which was the first designated underground
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Victorian Ystradgynlais - The Brecon Forest Tramroad
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The Colliery Guardian, Vol 85 pp1325-6, 19 June 1903
325:, which she could request to go anywhere within the
277:. The railway company agreed to co-operate with the
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Photos of Penwyllt and surrounding area on geograph
399:, survives in a derelict state. The only group of
283:Swansea Vale and Neath and Brecon Junction Railway
605:"Neath Port Talbot Museum Service - All For Coal"
702:"Penwyllt Inn - a location from Countrycide(TW)"
451:
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269:After being authorised to extend the railway to
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138:(which on 1 July 1922 became part of the
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315:, who lived at and extended the nearby
679:South & Mid Wales Cave Rescue Team
7:
297:, when in 1863 the railway reached
1077:Forden with Leighton and Trelystan
307:at Penwyllt was in part funded by
72:centre. It is in the community of
14:
1833:Heartsease (Llanddewi Ystradenni)
1808:Four Crosses, Llanfair Caereinion
172:The tramroad ran from a depot at
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920:
301:, coal mining quickly expanded.
564:Penwyllt - Twyn-disgwylfa kilns
285:linking the railway fully into
234:Second half of the 19th century
359:had only one working furnace.
22:Powell Street, Penwyllt (2005)
1:
1803:Four Crosses, Montgomeryshire
273:, it changed its name to the
244:Dulais Valley Mineral Railway
2418:Registered parks and gardens
2368:Parliamentary constituencies
733:West Brecon Cave Rescue Team
575:Penwyllt - Twyn-y-ffald kiln
456:Penwyllt - Craig-y-nos kilns
442:Cardiff Naturalists' Society
395:dating from the days of the
246:, to transport goods to the
134:, which was adjacent to the
51:Brecon Beacons National Park
305:Craig-y-nos railway station
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1377:Newtown and Llanllwchaiarn
553:Penwyllt, Pen-y-foel kilns
517:The Brecon Forest Tramroad
68:. It is now an important
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918:
1978:Llansanffraid-ym-Mechain
952:Abermule with Llandyssil
377:Neath and Brecon Railway
275:Neath and Brecon Railway
136:Neath and Brecon Railway
33:: "wild headland") is a
1968:Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant
1357:Mochdre with Penstrowed
1292:Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant
728:South Wales Caving Club
668:South Wales Caving Club
260:Isambard Kingdom Brunel
92:national nature reserve
2337:Elan Valley Reservoirs
1908:Llanfihangel Nant Bran
1217:Llanfihangel Rhydithon
397:Brecon Forest Tramroad
167:Brecon Forest Tramroad
23:
1913:Llanfihangel Talyllyn
1828:Heartsease (Knighton)
962:Bausley with Criggion
820:Principal settlements
593:on 27 September 2007.
345:, Penwyllt declined.
140:Great Western Railway
37:located in the upper
21:
2496:History of Glamorgan
2315:Reservoirs and lakes
1167:Llanddewi Ystradenny
1052:Disserth and Trecoed
738:6 April 2007 at the
279:Swansea Vale Railway
238:On 29 July 1862, an
189:Boston, Lincolnshire
165:, and developed the
128:narrow-gauge railway
2393:Scheduled Monuments
1898:Llanfair Caereinion
1202:Llanfair Caereinion
857:Llanfair Caereinion
764: /
393:back-to-back houses
291:South Wales Railway
49:, lying within the
2352:Talybont Reservoir
2332:Clywedog Reservoir
1928:Llangammarch Wells
1491:Towns and villages
1282:Llanidloes Without
1047:Cwmdu and District
768:51.8286°N 3.6642°W
348:By 1870 the seven
317:Craig-y-Nos Castle
295:Fairlie locomotive
149:Christie 1819-1822
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2327:Cantref Reservoir
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2291:Montgomery Castle
1177:Llandrindod Wells
1147:Llanbadarn Fynydd
1017:Castle Caereinion
852:Llandrindod Wells
289:, as well as the
240:Act of Parliament
195:Claypon 1827-1850
107:Industrialisation
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2428:High Sheriffs
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2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
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2399:
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2299:
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2292:
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2287:
2284:
2282:
2281:Llangoed Hall
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2271:Colwyn Castle
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2256:Castell Dinas
2254:
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2249:
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2244:
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2241:
2239:
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2229:
2226:
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2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
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2176:
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2171:
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2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2128:Pont Crugnant
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
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2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
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1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
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1911:
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1899:
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1889:
1886:
1884:
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1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1863:Llanafan Fawr
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
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1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
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1789:
1788:Esgairgeiliog
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1753:Cwrt-y-Gollen
1751:
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1739:
1736:
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1731:
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1726:
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1531:
1529:
1528:Abercynllaith
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
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1493:
1489:
1483:
1482:Ystradgynlais
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
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1365:
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1355:
1353:
1352:Merthyr Cynog
1350:
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1323:
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1160:
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1143:
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1137:Llanafan Fawr
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
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1080:
1078:
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948:
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938:
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928:
923:
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912:Ystradgynlais
910:
908:
905:
903:
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898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
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880:
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657:1-871184-05-3
654:
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631:
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623:
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579:
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538:
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531:
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512:
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501:
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494:0-7153-7970-4
491:
485:
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479:
474:
471:
468:
463:
460:
457:
452:
450:
446:
443:
438:
435:
429:
427:
425:
421:
420:
415:
414:
410:In 2006, the
408:
404:
402:
398:
394:
386:
384:
381:
378:
374:
369:
362:
360:
358:
354:
351:
350:blast furnace
346:
344:
340:
332:
330:
328:
324:
320:
318:
314:
313:Adelina Patti
310:
306:
302:
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296:
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288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
267:
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261:
257:
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227:Twyn-y-ffald:
225:
222:
218:
215:
212:
209:
206:
203:
202:
201:
194:
192:
190:
185:
183:
182:Swansea Canal
179:
175:
170:
168:
164:
160:
159:John Christie
156:
148:
146:
143:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
120:
118:
114:
106:
101:
99:
97:
93:
89:
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82:
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
54:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
20:
16:
2301:Powis Castle
2228:Ystradfellte
2107:
1988:Llanwchaiarn
1868:Llanbrynmair
1713:Commins Coch
1688:Church Stoke
1683:Cemmaes Road
1663:Capel-y-ffin
1633:Builth Wells
1503:Aber Clydach
1477:Ystradfellte
1212:Llanfihangel
1157:Llanbrynmair
937:Abbey Cwmhir
832:Builth Wells
749:
696:
690:SWCC Cottage
685:
674:
663:
647:
636:
625:
613:. Retrieved
609:the original
599:
591:the original
581:
570:
559:
548:
537:
529:
524:
516:
511:
500:
484:
473:
462:
437:
417:
411:
409:
405:
390:
387:21st century
382:
373:British Rail
368:World War II
366:
363:20th century
347:
336:
333:Decline 1870
323:railroad car
303:
282:
274:
268:
252:Briton Ferry
242:created the
237:
226:
216:
210:
204:
198:
186:
171:
155:Fforest Fawr
152:
144:
121:
110:
96:Carreg Cadno
78:
55:
26:
25:
15:
2347:Lake Vyrnwy
2296:Painscastle
2188:Three Cocks
2148:Sennybridge
2133:Pontdolgoch
2123:Plas Esgair
2078:Painscastle
2013:Llanymynech
1903:Llanfechain
1888:Llandysilio
1718:Crickhowell
1498:Abbeycwmhir
1387:Painscastle
1332:Machynlleth
1237:Llangattock
1232:Llangamarch
1222:Llanfrynach
1207:Llanfechain
1187:Llandysilio
1122:Honddu Isaf
1102:Glyn Tarell
1042:Crickhowell
1022:Churchstoke
930:Communities
877:Machynlleth
837:Crickhowell
771: /
419:Countrycide
339:Port Talbot
264:1881 Census
211:Pen-y-foel:
174:Sennybridge
66:South Wales
2485:Categories
2438:Public art
2286:Mediomanum
2261:Castell Du
2203:Trefeglwys
2163:Staylittle
2138:Pontrobert
2093:Partrishow
2088:Pant-y-Dwr
2058:New Radnor
2023:Llawryglyn
1998:Llanwrthwl
1948:Llangynidr
1933:Llangedwyn
1923:Llangadfan
1918:Llanfyllin
1893:Llanelwedd
1883:Llandrinio
1838:Heol Senni
1823:Hay-on-Wye
1733:Cwmdauddwr
1728:Crossgates
1643:Buttington
1568:Abertridwr
1548:Aberhafesp
1543:Abergwydol
1538:Abergwesyn
1508:Aberbechan
1437:Trefeglwys
1427:Tawe-Uchaf
1402:Presteigne
1382:Old Radnor
1372:New Radnor
1362:Montgomery
1312:Llanwrthwl
1277:Llanidloes
1267:Llangyniew
1262:Llangynidr
1252:Llangunllo
1242:Llangedwyn
1227:Llanfyllin
1192:Llanelwedd
1182:Llandrinio
1152:Llanbister
1107:Guilsfield
1087:Glantwymyn
1072:Felin-fach
1012:Carreghofa
947:Aberhafesp
892:Presteigne
882:Montgomery
867:Llanidloes
862:Llanfyllin
842:Hay-on-Wye
756:51°49′43″N
430:References
357:Ynyscedwyn
132:brickworks
124:fire brick
117:lime kilns
86:system of
74:Tawe-Uchaf
2458:Geography
2411:Grade II*
2198:Trecastle
2173:Talerddig
2158:St Harmon
2068:Newchurch
2053:Nant Glas
2043:Milebrook
2008:Llanwrtyd
1983:Llansilin
1958:Llangynyw
1953:Llangynog
1943:Llangurig
1878:Llandinam
1813:Gladestry
1758:Derwenlas
1673:Cathedine
1653:Caehopkin
1623:Boughrood
1593:Bacheldre
1573:Aberyscir
1553:Aberhosan
1518:Abercegir
1462:Welshpool
1412:St Harmon
1307:Llanwddyn
1302:Llansilin
1272:Llangynog
1257:Llangurig
1197:Llanerfyl
1172:Llandinam
1112:Gwernyfed
1082:Gladestry
907:Welshpool
759:3°39′51″W
413:Torchwood
353:ironworks
258:built by
219:Built by
113:quicklime
81:limestone
62:quicklime
60:village,
58:quarrying
56:A former
2208:Tregynon
2178:Talgarth
2168:Sycharth
2113:Penybont
2108:Penwyllt
2098:Penegoes
1993:Llanwrin
1938:Llangors
1873:Llanddew
1848:Knucklas
1818:Glasbury
1793:Felindre
1743:Cwmtwrch
1723:Criggion
1708:Coelbren
1678:Cefnllys
1638:Burgedin
1628:Bronllys
1598:Beguildy
1563:Abernant
1558:Abermule
1523:Abercraf
1513:Aberbran
1447:Tregynon
1432:Trallong
1417:Talgarth
1407:Rhayader
1397:Penybont
1287:Llanigon
1247:Llangors
1162:Llanddew
1132:Knighton
1092:Glasbury
997:Cadfarch
987:Bronllys
967:Beguildy
902:Talgarth
897:Rhayader
847:Knighton
736:Archived
615:17 April
416:episode
343:Llanwern
153:In 1819
27:Penwyllt
2433:Museums
2406:Grade I
2383:Schools
2238:Castles
2213:Trewern
2193:Tirabad
2118:Pilleth
2103:Pennant
2028:Llyswen
2018:Llanyre
1853:Libanus
1773:Dolyhir
1768:Dolfach
1763:Dolanog
1748:Cwmwysg
1698:Clatter
1693:Cilmery
1658:Caersws
1603:Berriew
1588:Arddlin
1583:Aithnen
1533:Aberedw
1467:Whitton
1452:Trewern
1442:Treflys
1367:Nantmel
1342:Manafon
1337:Maescar
1322:Llanyre
1097:Glascwm
1027:Cilmery
1002:Caersws
972:Berriew
942:Aberedw
887:Newtown
311:singer
299:Crynant
178:Onllwyn
102:History
2378:Places
2361:Topics
2218:Tylwch
2048:Morben
2038:Meifod
2033:Llywel
1783:Erwood
1778:Dylife
1613:Beulah
1347:Meifod
1327:Llywel
1067:Erwood
1062:Dwyriw
1057:Duhonw
992:Builth
982:Brecon
977:Bettws
827:Brecon
655:
492:
271:Brecon
163:Brecon
70:caving
35:hamlet
2470:Wales
2388:SSSIs
2083:Pandy
1843:Kerry
1798:Forge
1738:Cwmdu
1703:Clyro
1668:Carno
1648:Bwlch
1472:Yscir
1127:Kerry
1032:Clyro
1007:Carno
957:Banwy
813:Powys
375:from
309:opera
287:Neath
256:Neath
248:docks
47:Wales
43:Powys
31:Welsh
2153:Soar
2143:Sarn
1858:Llan
1578:Adfa
1037:Cray
653:ISBN
617:2007
490:ISBN
341:and
84:cave
1117:Hay
355:of
250:at
142:).
41:in
2487::
448:^
329:.
266:.
254:,
191:.
184:.
169:.
119:.
98:.
76:.
53:.
45:,
805:e
798:t
791:v
704:.
619:.
29:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
