54:
398:
33:
489:
is an emerging species of concern in New
England, and is identified as invasive or having invasive tendencies by state and private conservation authorities. Because the fruit is plentiful and high in sugars, Amur cork-tree attracts birds and mammals which help disperse its seeds. Because of its
494:
can out-compete other species. By suppressing reproduction of native hardwoods, Amur cork-tree can come to dominate native forests under favorable conditions. As a relatively new species of concern, its invasion biology and response to control are not well understood.
343:
is a tree for all seasons. In spring it has yellow flowers, in summer it provides foliage and shade, in fall the leaves turn bright yellow, and the textured bark and winding branches add interest in the winter. The female bears black
563:
Messian to
Zanclean vegetation and climate of Northern and Central Italy by Adele Bertini & Edoardo Martinetto, Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 47 (2), 2008, 105-121. Modena, 11 lugio
538:
The
Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Edited by K. Kubitzki, Volume X, Flowering Plants Eudicots, Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae, Springer, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, London, New York,
458:
The phytochemical descriptions are included for informational purposes only and not for treatment purposes. The research at this stage is very preliminary. Traditionally, the
417:; or 黄檗; pinyin: huáng bò; Russian: Бархат амурский "Barkhat Amurskiy" (Amur Velvet), also бархатное дерево, пробковое дерево), is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in
554:Łańcucka-Środoniowa M.: Macroscopic plant remains from the freshwater Miocene of the Nowy Sącz Basin (West Carpathians, Poland) . Acta Palaeobotanica 1979 20 (1): 3-117.
828:
854:
776:
841:
789:
890:
624:
543:
599:
972:
815:
574:
846:
418:
53:
698:
903:
859:
982:
977:
967:
463:
512:
Ma, Jinshuang; Cao, WEI; Liu, Quanru; Yu, Ming; Han, Lijuan (2006). "A Revision of
Phellodendron (Rutaceae)".
908:
763:
750:
651:
409:
190:
180:
703:
768:
755:
869:
794:
724:
628:
939:
895:
689:
48:
877:
833:
711:
539:
882:
521:
372:
368:
336:
300:
387:
147:
91:
603:
414:
375:. One drawback is that the drupes fall and scatter, which may be undesirable on a formal
397:
32:
475:
441:
292:
78:
961:
459:
435:
257:
238:
425:
has also attracted scientific attention because of the phytochemicals it produces:
944:
716:
578:
931:
802:
683:
674:
485:
Already identified as a significant forest invader in the mid-Atlantic region,
525:
471:
320:
127:
737:
451:
429:
296:
261:
253:
218:
214:
921:
625:"Rhode Island Invasive Species Portal: Resources: RI Invasive Species List"
916:
668:
383:
353:
316:
312:
265:
222:
137:
104:
781:
807:
479:
445:
360:
304:
284:
269:
234:
117:
645:
742:
467:
396:
345:
324:
277:
164:
65:
820:
376:
364:
349:
273:
230:
226:
649:
729:
490:
phytochemical profile and because the seedlings grow thickly,
462:
is the principal part of the plant used medicinally, although
391:
371:
and it is easy to maintain, sometimes to the point of being
382:
The bark in some species is thick, resembling that of the
658:
390:production. It has been used to produce a yellow
291:has been extracted from bore hole samples of the
311:macrofossils have been recovered from the late
8:
466:is also used. The species grows in Northern
432:has antibacterial and anti-fungal properties
241:of some (but not all) species in the genus.
646:
359:The cork-tree is resistant to drought and
31:
20:
386:, but is not thick enough for commercial
237:. The name refers to the thick and corky
504:
575:"TNC Invasive Species Initiative page"
7:
870:9e4db75e-9930-4ca0-b624-b0ef09eff2ed
363:, and it can thrive in a variety of
356:through the late fall and winter.
14:
52:
909:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35888-1
252:seeds are known from the Early
225:, native to east and northeast
1:
419:traditional Chinese medicine
514:Edinburgh Journal of Botany
229:. It has leathery, pinnate
999:
526:10.1017/S0960428606000515
272:and from the Pliocene of
176:
171:
49:Scientific classification
47:
39:
30:
23:
600:"Phellodendron amurense"
295:fresh water deposits in
43:autumn leaves and fruit
402:Phellodendron japonicum
973:Zanthoxyloideae genera
487:Phellodendron amurense
413:(Chinese: 黄柏; pinyin:
410:Phellodendron amurense
404:
191:Phellodendron chinense
181:Phellodendron amurense
41:Phellodendron amurense
438:may be anti-mutagenic
400:
454:may be a vasodilator
331:Cultivation and uses
233:and yellow, clumped
221:trees in the family
464:oil from the fruit
444:has promise as an
405:
955:
954:
878:Open Tree of Life
652:Taxon identifiers
544:978-3-642-14396-0
367:. It is hardy to
202:
201:
196:
186:
167:
990:
983:Dioecious plants
978:Medicinal plants
948:
947:
935:
934:
925:
924:
912:
911:
899:
898:
886:
885:
873:
872:
863:
862:
850:
849:
837:
836:
824:
823:
811:
810:
798:
797:
785:
784:
772:
771:
759:
758:
746:
745:
733:
732:
720:
719:
707:
706:
694:
693:
692:
679:
678:
677:
647:
640:
639:
637:
636:
627:. Archived from
621:
615:
614:
612:
611:
602:. Archived from
596:
590:
589:
587:
586:
577:. Archived from
571:
565:
561:
555:
552:
546:
536:
530:
529:
520:(2–3): 131–151.
509:
337:ornamental plant
301:West Carpathians
213:, is a genus of
194:
184:
163:
57:
56:
35:
21:
998:
997:
993:
992:
991:
989:
988:
987:
968:Zanthoxyloideae
958:
957:
956:
951:
943:
938:
930:
928:
920:
915:
907:
902:
894:
889:
881:
876:
868:
866:
858:
853:
845:
840:
832:
827:
819:
814:
806:
801:
793:
788:
780:
775:
767:
762:
754:
749:
741:
736:
728:
723:
715:
710:
702:
697:
688:
687:
682:
673:
672:
667:
654:
644:
643:
634:
632:
623:
622:
618:
609:
607:
598:
597:
593:
584:
582:
573:
572:
568:
562:
558:
553:
549:
537:
533:
511:
510:
506:
501:
333:
260:, from the Mid
247:
162:
148:Zanthoxyloideae
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
996:
994:
986:
985:
980:
975:
970:
960:
959:
953:
952:
950:
949:
945:wfo-4000029178
936:
926:
913:
900:
887:
874:
864:
851:
838:
825:
812:
799:
786:
773:
760:
747:
734:
721:
708:
695:
680:
664:
662:
656:
655:
650:
642:
641:
616:
591:
566:
556:
547:
531:
503:
502:
500:
497:
456:
455:
449:
442:Phellodendrine
439:
433:
332:
329:
293:Middle Miocene
246:
243:
200:
199:
198:
197:
187:
174:
173:
169:
168:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
108:
107:
102:
95:
94:
89:
82:
81:
76:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
45:
44:
37:
36:
28:
27:
16:Genus of trees
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
995:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
963:
946:
941:
937:
933:
927:
923:
918:
914:
910:
905:
901:
897:
892:
888:
884:
879:
875:
871:
865:
861:
856:
852:
848:
843:
839:
835:
830:
826:
822:
817:
813:
809:
804:
800:
796:
791:
787:
783:
778:
774:
770:
765:
761:
757:
752:
748:
744:
739:
735:
731:
726:
722:
718:
713:
709:
705:
700:
696:
691:
690:Phellodendron
685:
681:
676:
670:
666:
665:
663:
661:
660:Phellodendron
657:
653:
648:
631:on 2006-09-06
630:
626:
620:
617:
606:on 2006-11-11
605:
601:
595:
592:
581:on 2006-09-26
580:
576:
570:
567:
560:
557:
551:
548:
545:
541:
535:
532:
527:
523:
519:
515:
508:
505:
498:
496:
493:
492:Phellodendron
488:
483:
481:
477:
473:
470:, and in the
469:
465:
461:
453:
450:
447:
443:
440:
437:
436:Jatrorrhizine
434:
431:
428:
427:
426:
424:
423:Phellodendron
420:
416:
412:
411:
407:One species,
403:
399:
395:
393:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
357:
355:
351:
348:that attract
347:
342:
341:Phellodendron
338:
330:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
309:Phellodendron
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
289:Phellodendron
286:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
258:North America
255:
251:
250:Phellodendron
245:Fossil record
244:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
207:
206:Phellodendron
193:
192:
188:
183:
182:
178:
177:
175:
170:
166:
161:
160:
159:Phellodendron
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
79:Tracheophytes
77:
74:
71:
70:
67:
64:
61:
60:
55:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
25:Phellodendron
22:
19:
659:
633:. Retrieved
629:the original
619:
608:. Retrieved
604:the original
594:
583:. Retrieved
579:the original
569:
559:
550:
534:
517:
513:
507:
491:
486:
484:
457:
422:
421:. Recently,
408:
406:
401:
381:
358:
340:
334:
308:
288:
282:
249:
248:
210:
205:
204:
203:
195:C.K.Schneid.
189:
179:
158:
157:
111:
98:
85:
72:
40:
24:
18:
803:iNaturalist
684:Wikispecies
478:regions of
448:suppressant
256:of eastern
144:Subfamily:
92:Angiosperms
962:Categories
635:2006-11-13
610:2006-11-13
585:2006-11-13
499:References
476:Primorskiy
472:Khabarovsk
352:and other
321:Pocapaglia
307:. Several
128:Sapindales
452:Palmatine
430:Berberine
415:huáng bǎi
319:sites in
315:stage of
297:Nowy Sacz
262:Oligocene
254:Oligocene
219:dioecious
215:deciduous
211:cork-tree
62:Kingdom:
929:VASCAN:
922:40006477
917:Tropicos
675:Q1539986
669:Wikidata
384:cork oak
373:invasive
354:wildlife
317:Pliocene
313:Zanclean
287:seed of
266:Pliocene
223:Rutaceae
172:Species
138:Rutaceae
134:Family:
105:Eudicots
883:1016455
834:1032569
821:35888-1
782:3190151
361:insects
299:Basin,
264:to the
235:flowers
154:Genus:
124:Order:
66:Plantae
891:PLANTS
867:NZOR:
808:156609
769:124944
756:124944
704:254500
542:
480:Russia
446:immune
369:zone 4
346:drupes
335:As an
305:Poland
285:fossil
270:Europe
231:leaves
118:Rosids
896:PHELL
860:68553
847:28984
829:IRMNG
743:1PDDG
730:60980
564:2008.
468:China
365:soils
350:birds
325:Italy
278:Japan
276:and
209:, or
185:Rupr.
165:Rupr.
112:Clade
99:Clade
86:Clade
73:Clade
932:1533
904:POWO
855:NCBI
842:ITIS
816:IPNI
795:9225
790:GRIN
777:GBIF
738:EPPO
717:6N4G
699:BOLD
540:ISBN
474:and
460:bark
388:cork
377:lawn
283:One
274:Asia
239:bark
227:Asia
940:WFO
764:FoC
751:FNA
725:EoL
712:CoL
522:doi
392:dye
323:,
268:of
964::
942::
919::
906::
893::
880::
857::
844::
831::
818::
805::
792::
779::
766::
753::
740::
727::
714::
701::
686::
671::
518:63
516:.
482:.
394:.
379:.
339:,
327:.
303:,
280:.
217:,
114::
101::
88::
75::
638:.
613:.
588:.
528:.
524::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
