108:
775:
38:
542:
1421:
4123:
409:
is used as a general term for a number of closely related dialects which together, according to Ronald
Trudinger were "spoken over a wider area of Australia than any other Aboriginal language". With
572:(or "Dreaming") tracks in the area, some of which lead as far as the sea. Uluru / Ayers Rock and Kata Tjuta / Mount Olga are separated from the Pitjantjatjara lands by the border between the
3927:
1414:
24:
3648:
2476:
4844:
4116:
4053:
2406:
1407:
4869:
4109:
4088:
2441:
4864:
4081:
2434:
4839:
4046:
3953:
3935:
2399:
828:
3655:
3420:
3431:
533:
was passed on 19 March 1981, granting freehold title over 103,000 km (40,000 sq mi) of land in the northwestern corner of South
Australia.
3518:
2469:
4849:
4132:
4060:
2413:
3578:
4859:
4074:
3641:
2427:
3975:
4854:
4067:
3385:
2873:
2485:
2462:
2420:
1252:
1120:
429:
3848:
3613:
3592:
386:). The two languages Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara may be grouped together under the name Nyangatjatjara (indicating that they have
3996:
3557:
3536:
520:
4896:
3564:
508:
4000:
3511:
1352:
1321:
1271:
1222:
1178:
1159:
1139:
1097:
1078:
1055:
997:
307:. The land is an inseparable and important part of their identity, and every part of it is rich with stories and meaning to aṉangu.
77:
1197:
933:
473:
3909:
3262:
3107:
169:
3543:
527:
in South
Australia has been unique. After four years of campaigning and negotiations with government and mining groups, the
3989:
3606:
3063:
2954:
942:
493:
483:
451:
256:
250:
156:
529:
3900:
3765:
2799:
1796:
478:
3634:
3599:
3585:
3571:
3550:
3056:
2041:
463:
55:
48:
4360:
4008:
3669:
3620:
3049:
3020:
3005:
435:
3121:
2940:
1345:
Competing
Interests: Aboriginal Participation in National Parks and Conservation Reserves in Australia - A Review
524:
4265:
3982:
3918:
3627:
3399:
3070:
3028:
2961:
728:
273:
1376:
Web portal for Anangu
Pitjantjatjara, Yankunytjatjara and Ngaanyatjarra peoples, communities and organisations
1385:
1241:
Aboriginal Tribes of
Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
4891:
4460:
3787:
3779:
3078:
2933:
2926:
2666:
458:
406:
281:
4817:
3834:
3783:
3695:
3406:
3304:
2969:
2904:
2883:
1430:
656:
554:
446:
441:
375:
371:
277:
261:
144:
20:
4025:
3802:
3758:
3662:
3206:
3035:
644:
3269:
4812:
4450:
4385:
3841:
1866:
924:
716:
378:
but in that case the names contrast the two languages based on their words for "this" (respectively,
4781:
3772:
3702:
2820:
1495:
1236:
761:, initiated as a member of the Pitjantjatjara shortly after becoming Minister of Aboriginal Affairs
4545:
4390:
3716:
3413:
2771:
2603:
2556:
2507:
1936:
1434:
1300:
1030:
972:
822:
608:
573:
296:
152:
3486:
1399:
1331:
1281:
Trudinger, Ronald M. (March 1943). "Grammar of the
Pitjantjatjara Dialect, Central Australia".
4822:
4136:
3744:
3737:
3339:
3241:
2535:
2118:
2048:
1810:
1348:
1317:
1283:
1267:
1248:
1218:
1174:
1155:
1135:
1116:
1108:
1093:
1074:
1051:
1013:
993:
955:
680:
674:
662:
304:
265:
123:
695:, an Aboriginal Australian artist, and Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park management board member
322:
is usually pronounced (in normal, fast speech) with elision of one of the repeated syllables
3795:
3751:
3709:
3346:
3192:
2757:
2617:
2521:
1985:
1950:
1852:
1824:
1733:
1292:
1061:
1022:
1003:
964:
780:
722:
632:
280:
and their languages are, to a large extent, mutually intelligible (all are varieties of the
204:
148:
4606:
4560:
4555:
4405:
4101:
3730:
3723:
3332:
3164:
2827:
2266:
2252:
1838:
1789:
1740:
1712:
1509:
740:
734:
686:
626:
512:
410:
292:
189:
561:
2454:
4646:
4380:
4345:
4325:
4295:
4015:
3809:
3392:
3367:
3297:
3185:
3150:
3143:
3114:
3013:
2806:
2514:
2336:
2238:
1992:
1775:
1747:
1642:
1586:
1565:
1296:
1232:
1044:
1026:
986:
968:
758:
710:
668:
614:
602:
590:
350:
of the verb "go" (equivalent to the
English "going" used as a noun). Combined with the
347:
107:
59:
929:"Aborigines of the West Coast of South Australia; vocabularies and ethnological notes"
366:
for "going"). This distinguishes it from its near neighbour
Yankunytjatjara which has
4885:
4701:
4445:
4250:
3816:
3325:
3318:
3283:
3276:
3255:
3234:
3178:
3157:
3136:
3129:
2848:
2645:
2500:
2224:
2027:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1978:
1964:
1705:
1649:
953:(September 1941). "Tribal Migrations and Myths Centring on Ooldea, South Australia".
950:
698:
638:
620:
577:
395:
391:
185:
1390:
791:, a shelter made by the Pitjantjatjara people and other indigenous Australian groups
4656:
4616:
4475:
4435:
4395:
4370:
4200:
4160:
3493:
3360:
3353:
3311:
3213:
3171:
2834:
2701:
2364:
2350:
2287:
2090:
1957:
1922:
1915:
1894:
1782:
1684:
1593:
1488:
1460:
1453:
704:
692:
650:
507:
From 1950 onwards, many aṉangu were forced to leave their traditional lands due to
300:
173:
2329:
653:, an artist, a famous design is Yananyi Dreaming, which covers a Qantas Boeing 737
4636:
4631:
4586:
4455:
4430:
4415:
4365:
4340:
4260:
4215:
3479:
3290:
3248:
3220:
3199:
3100:
2813:
2638:
2371:
2273:
2231:
2182:
2104:
1929:
1726:
1579:
928:
752:
746:
596:
516:
54:
The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of
3866:
19:
This article is about the
Australian Indigenous group. For their language, see
4791:
4766:
4716:
4671:
4641:
4520:
4485:
4375:
4335:
4300:
4230:
4220:
4180:
2983:
2855:
2841:
2778:
2764:
2680:
2610:
2596:
2528:
2301:
2175:
2168:
2154:
2020:
1901:
1887:
1761:
1670:
1635:
1551:
1502:
1481:
770:
370:
for the same meaning. This naming strategy is also the source of the names of
351:
4786:
4681:
4626:
4621:
4601:
4581:
4510:
4465:
4440:
4420:
4320:
4305:
4290:
4240:
4235:
4205:
3472:
3452:
2897:
2736:
2659:
2568:
2560:
2294:
2280:
2259:
2245:
2210:
2069:
2034:
1859:
1845:
1831:
1817:
1698:
1691:
1663:
1614:
1537:
1530:
1467:
1244:
1173:. Ngaanyatjarra, Pitjantjatjara, Yankunytjatjara Women's Council 1980–1990.
569:
749:, an early proponent of singing Western style songs in traditional language
4751:
4741:
4731:
4726:
4691:
4576:
4571:
4565:
4500:
4480:
4330:
4275:
4245:
4185:
4175:
4165:
3227:
3042:
2911:
2743:
2722:
2715:
2687:
2652:
2631:
2343:
2308:
2161:
2132:
2097:
1971:
1908:
1677:
1621:
1544:
1343:
Woenne-Green, Susan; Johnston, Ross; Sultan, Ros; Wallis, Arnold (1993).
316:
1304:
1171:
Minyma Tjuta Tjunguringkula Kunpuringanyi: Women Growing Strong Together
1034:
976:
4761:
4746:
4736:
4721:
4711:
4706:
4661:
4591:
4550:
4535:
4505:
4490:
4410:
4355:
4350:
4285:
4280:
4270:
4225:
4210:
3445:
2976:
2947:
2708:
2694:
2673:
2624:
2582:
2542:
2378:
2322:
2315:
2217:
2140:
2111:
2076:
2062:
1943:
1880:
1873:
1719:
1628:
1607:
1572:
1523:
1446:
1372:
Online course of Pitjantjatjara language, and related performance event
1046:
Ngaanyatjarra texts. New Revised edition of Pitjantjatjara texts (1969)
641:, also known as Irpintiri Davey, an artist, known for ceramic artworks
4776:
4771:
4696:
4686:
4676:
4666:
4651:
4540:
4530:
4525:
4515:
4495:
4470:
4425:
4400:
4315:
4255:
4195:
4190:
4170:
4150:
3001:
2785:
2729:
2589:
2575:
2549:
2357:
2203:
2196:
2083:
2055:
1803:
1768:
1656:
1600:
1558:
1516:
1474:
788:
576:
and South Australia and have become a major tourist attraction and a
546:
519:, and many have died as a consequence. Their experience of issues of
288:
541:
4756:
4611:
4310:
4155:
3873:
2919:
2890:
2792:
2189:
2125:
1754:
1264:
Growing Up the Country: The Pitjantjatjara struggle for their land
550:
269:
707:, also known as Tony Curtis, a traditional healer and storyteller
4796:
1335:
1011:
Fry, H. K. (June 1934). "Kinship in Western Central Australia".
564:
possess important spiritual and ceremonial significance for the
4105:
2458:
1403:
1200:. Government of South Australia, Attorney-General's Department
219:
31:
1132:
The People in Between: The Pitjantjatjara People of Ernabella
291:(people). The Pitjantjatjara live mostly in the northwest of
231:
222:
216:
1369:
234:
330:. In more careful speech all syllables will be pronounced.
237:
225:
3928:
Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Land Rights Act 1981
25:
Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Land Rights Act 1981
1380:
1347:. Fitzroy, Victoria: Australian Conservation Foundation.
213:
1050:. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.
867:
865:
743:, a musician, noted for his pioneering fusion of reggae
852:
850:
568:
with more than 40 named sacred sites and 11 separate
207:
1090:
Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara to English Dictionary
934:
Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia
895:
511:. Some aṉangu were subsequently contaminated by the
210:
4805:
4143:
3967:
3945:
3887:
3858:
3826:
3683:
3528:
3503:
3430:
3377:
3092:
2993:
2872:
2865:
2492:
737:, Aboriginal tracker and Traditional Owner of Uluru
228:
179:
163:
138:
122:
117:
98:
3649:Wapma Thura–Southern Flinders Ranges National Park
1375:
1043:
985:
421:See WARU community directory for a complete list
1314:Killing Me Softly: The Destruction of a Heritage
1393:Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements
1386:Pitjantjatjara entry in the AusAnthrop database
3954:List of native title claims in South Australia
1113:Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World
1073:. Institute for Aboriginal Development Press.
362:-having" (i.e. the variety that uses the word
4117:
3656:Wabma Kadarbu Mound Springs Conservation Park
2470:
1415:
8:
907:
665:, an award-winning artist, and sacred lawman
93:
1215:MARALINGA: British A-Bomb Australian Legacy
560:The sacred sites of Uluru / Ayers Rock and
390:for "this") which then contrasts them with
4124:
4110:
4102:
3891:
3687:
3558:Kati Thanda-Lake Eyre National Park (part)
3437:
2869:
2477:
2463:
2455:
1422:
1408:
1400:
1111:. In Brown, Keith; Ogilvie, Sarah (eds.).
827:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
106:
92:
1198:"Maralinga Tjarutja Land Rights Act 1984"
883:
78:Learn how and when to remove this message
23:. For the lands act concerning them, see
1192:. Carlisle: Hesperian Press. chapter 12.
540:
413:it shares an 80% overlap in vocabulary.
3642:Vulkathunha-Gammon Ranges National Park
1262:Toyne, Phillip; Vachon, Daniel (1984).
1213:Tame, Adrian; Robotham, F.P.J. (1982).
871:
856:
805:
295:, extending across the border into the
3936:Laws concerning Indigenous Australians
1042:Glass, Amee; Hackett, Dorothy (1979).
841:
820:
255:
249:
16:Aboriginal people of Central Australia
3386:Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara
2486:Aboriginal peoples of South Australia
1312:Wallace, Phil; Wallace, Noel (1977).
599:, an award-winning author, and artist
430:Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara
7:
3614:Nullarbor Wilderness Protection Area
3593:Malkumba-Coongie Lakes National Park
1245:Australian National University Press
731:, an artist, known for acrylic works
629:, an artist, known for acrylic works
118:Regions with significant populations
3997:Hindmarsh Island Bridge controversy
3579:Ikara–Flinders Ranges National Park
530:Pitjantjatjara Land Rights Act 1981
3565:Kanku-Breakaways Conservation Park
1297:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1943.tb00381.x
1027:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1934.tb00123.x
969:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1941.tb00343.x
815:The Linguistics Student's Handbook
719:, known as Tommy Watson, an artist
509:British nuclear tests at Maralinga
272:. They are closely related to the
14:
1152:Desert Crafts: Anangu Maruku Punu
303:, and west a short distance into
3976:Aborigines' Friends' Association
3867:Aṉangu (Western Desert language)
1217:. Melbourne: Fontana / Collins.
1109:"Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara"
941:. Adelaide: 152–167 – via
773:
593:, an association football player
203:
36:
3910:Aboriginal Lands Trust Act 1966
1130:Hilliard, Winifred M. (1976) .
3544:Elliot Price Conservation Park
1115:. Elsevier. pp. 871–876.
112:Pitjantjatjara ranger at Uluru
1:
3990:Avenue Range Station massacre
3607:Ngaut Ngaut Conservation Park
157:Australian Aboriginal English
129:
3901:Aboriginal Heritage Act 1988
1316:. Melbourne: Thomas Nelson.
1092:. Alice Springs: IAD Press.
1071:A Grammar of Yankunytjatjara
287:They refer to themselves as
3635:Strzelecki Regional Reserve
3600:Mamungari Conservation Park
3586:Innamincka Regional Reserve
3572:Lake Gairdner National Park
3551:Gawler Ranges National Park
3529:Co-managed protected areas:
3504:Indigenous protected areas:
537:Recognition of sacred sites
358:, it means something like "
4913:
4009:History of South Australia
3874:Nunga (Aboriginal English)
3670:Yumbarra Conservation Park
3621:Nullarbor Regional Reserve
3421:List of Aboriginal schools
1332:"WARU community directory"
549:) live in the area around
470:In the Northern Territory
425:in South Australia type 2
18:
4897:Native title in Australia
4831:
4035:
3894:
3690:
3440:
3122:Poltpalingada Booboorowie
2388:
1441:
1391:Pitjantjatjara People at
1169:Kavanagh, Maggie (1990).
1150:Isaacs, Jennifer (1992).
988:Doctor and the Aborigines
605:, a country/gospel singer
184:
168:
143:
105:
3983:Australian frontier wars
3919:Aboriginal Witnesses Act
3628:Pureba Conservation Park
3400:Gerard Community Council
984:Duguid, Charles (1972).
908:Tame & Robotham 1982
896:WARU community directory
3780:Western Desert language
1233:Tindale, Norman Barnett
1107:Goddard, Cliff (2010).
1088:Goddard, Cliff (1996).
1069:Goddard, Cliff (1985).
562:Kata Tjuṯa / Mount Olga
545:Pitjantjatjara people (
407:Pitjantjatjara language
282:Western Desert language
4818:Forrest River massacre
3835:Lower Murray languages
3407:Kupa Piṯi Kungka Tjuṯa
3305:Eileen Yaritja Stevens
1381:Yalata Land Management
1188:Kimber, R. G. (1986).
813:Bauer, Laurie (2007).
557:
555:Great Australian Bight
417:Some major communities
342:derives from the word
251:[ˈpɪɟanɟaɟaɾa]
21:Pitjantjatjara dialect
4836:By state or territory
4041:By state or territory
4026:Waterloo Bay massacre
3663:Witjira National Park
3537:Dhilba Guuranda-Innes
3207:Tuppy Ngintja Goodwin
2800:Western Desert people
2394:By state or territory
544:
490:In Western Australia
180:Related ethnic groups
4813:Flying Foam massacre
4386:Mantjintjarra Ngalia
3842:Thura-Yura languages
3752:Ngamini (Yarluyandi)
1867:Mantjintjarra Ngalia
1338:on 19 February 2014.
717:Yannima Tommy Watson
611:, an elder and guide
496:also called Irruntju
257:[ˈpɪɟanɟaɾa]
617:, pioneering artist
438:also called Pukatja
95:
4845:Northern Territory
4133:Aboriginal peoples
4054:Northern Territory
3810:Yarli (Malyangapa)
3414:Maralinga Tjarutja
3270:Lowitja O'Donoghue
2604:Maralinga Tjarutja
2407:Northern Territory
1435:Northern Territory
1237:"Pitjandjara (SA)"
755:, a country singer
609:Tiger Tjalkalyirri
574:Northern Territory
558:
551:Uluru / Ayers Rock
297:Northern Territory
266:Central Australian
153:Australian English
4879:
4878:
4870:Western Australia
4823:Pinjarra massacre
4137:Western Australia
4099:
4098:
4089:Western Australia
3963:
3962:
3883:
3882:
3679:
3678:
3340:Natasha Wanganeen
3242:Natascha McNamara
3088:
3087:
2559:, (including the
2452:
2451:
2442:Western Australia
1266:. Penguin Books.
1254:978-0-708-10741-6
1190:Man from Arltunga
1122:978-0-080-87775-4
951:Berndt, Ronald M.
681:Kunmanara Stewart
675:Walter Pukutiwara
663:Dickie Minyintiri
553:and south to the
305:Western Australia
299:to just south of
195:
194:
124:Central Australia
88:
87:
80:
4904:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4103:
4091:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4028:
4021:
4011:
4004:
4001:Royal Commission
3992:
3985:
3978:
3956:
3938:
3931:
3922:
3913:
3904:
3892:
3876:
3869:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3827:Language groups:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3791:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3688:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3539:
3521:
3519:Mount Willoughby
3514:
3496:
3489:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3448:
3438:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3347:Ginger Wikilyiri
3342:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3279:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3193:Stevie Goldsmith
3188:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3160:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3132:
3125:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3081:
3074:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3016:
3009:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2957:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2870:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2690:
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2676:
2669:
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2655:
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2234:
2227:
2220:
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2206:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2176:Ritharngu/Diakui
2171:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
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2058:
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2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
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1911:
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1853:Makarrwanhalmirr
1848:
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1334:. Archived from
1327:
1308:
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1209:
1207:
1205:
1193:
1184:
1165:
1145:
1126:
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1062:Internet Archive
1049:
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1007:
1004:Internet Archive
991:
980:
946:
911:
905:
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887:
881:
875:
869:
860:
854:
845:
839:
833:
832:
826:
818:
810:
783:
781:Australia portal
778:
777:
776:
723:Ginger Wikilyiri
689:, a batik artist
633:Angkaliya Curtis
348:nominalised form
259:
253:
248:
244:
243:
240:
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233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
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110:
96:
83:
76:
72:
69:
63:
40:
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32:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4906:
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4901:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4875:
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4855:South Australia
4840:New South Wales
4827:
4801:
4139:
4130:
4100:
4095:
4094:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4068:South Australia
4066:
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4047:New South Wales
4045:
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4031:
4024:
4014:
4007:
3995:
3988:
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3959:
3952:
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3879:
3872:
3865:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3788:Yankunytjatjara
3778:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3694:
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3333:Gavin Wanganeen
3331:
3324:
3317:
3310:
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3165:Kevin Buzzacott
3163:
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2903:
2896:
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2854:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2828:Yankunytjatjara
2826:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2763:
2756:
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2400:New South Wales
2398:
2393:
2384:
2377:
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2330:Yan-nhaŋu/Nango
2328:
2321:
2314:
2307:
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2293:
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2082:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2054:
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2019:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1977:
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1963:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1935:
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1893:
1886:
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1515:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1437:
1433:peoples in the
1428:
1366:
1361:
1355:
1342:
1330:
1324:
1311:
1280:
1274:
1261:
1255:
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1201:
1196:
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1162:
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1123:
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1087:
1081:
1068:
1058:
1041:
1010:
1000:
983:
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923:
919:
914:
906:
902:
894:
890:
882:
878:
870:
863:
855:
848:
840:
836:
819:
812:
811:
807:
803:
798:
779:
774:
772:
769:
764:
741:Bart Willoughby
735:Nipper Winmarti
729:Ruby Williamson
687:Tjunkaya Tapaya
627:Wawiriya Burton
586:
539:
513:nuclear fallout
505:
419:
411:Yankunytjatjara
404:
336:
313:
293:South Australia
274:Yankunytjatjara
247:Pitjantjatjara:
246:
206:
202:
190:Yankunytjatjara
147:
132:
113:
101:
91:
84:
73:
67:
64:
53:
47:has an unclear
41:
37:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4910:
4908:
4900:
4899:
4894:
4892:Pitjantjatjara
4884:
4883:
4877:
4876:
4873:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
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4704:
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4694:
4689:
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4674:
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4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4597:Pitjantjatjara
4594:
4589:
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4579:
4574:
4569:
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4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
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4313:
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4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
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4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4147:
4145:
4141:
4140:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4106:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4050:
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4022:
4012:
4005:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3964:
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3939:
3932:
3923:
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3905:
3895:
3889:
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3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3870:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3849:Sign languages
3845:
3838:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3799:
3792:
3784:Pitjantjatjara
3776:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3691:
3685:
3681:
3680:
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3674:
3673:
3666:
3659:
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3638:
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3449:
3441:
3435:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3393:Aṉangu schools
3389:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3368:Tjayanka Woods
3364:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3298:Tauto Sansbury
3294:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3203:
3196:
3189:
3186:Gladys Elphick
3182:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3151:Shaun Burgoyne
3147:
3144:Peter Burgoyne
3140:
3133:
3126:
3118:
3115:Maringka Baker
3111:
3104:
3096:
3094:
3093:Notable people
3090:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3075:
3073:(Point McLeay)
3067:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3017:
3010:
2997:
2995:
2991:
2990:
2988:
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2973:
2966:
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2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2754:
2751:Pitjantjatjara
2747:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2663:
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2635:
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2621:
2614:
2607:
2600:
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2532:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2496:
2494:
2490:
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2481:
2474:
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2459:
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2446:
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2431:
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2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
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2368:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2284:
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2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2148:Pitjantjatjara
2144:
2137:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1993:Murngin=Yolgnu
1989:
1982:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1905:
1898:
1891:
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1870:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1842:
1835:
1828:
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1412:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1365:
1364:External links
1362:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1340:
1328:
1322:
1309:
1291:(3): 205–223.
1278:
1272:
1259:
1253:
1229:
1223:
1210:
1194:
1185:
1179:
1166:
1160:
1147:
1140:
1134:. Seal Books.
1127:
1121:
1104:
1098:
1085:
1079:
1066:
1056:
1039:
1021:(4): 472–478.
1008:
998:
981:
947:
920:
918:
915:
913:
912:
900:
888:
886:, p. 205.
884:Trudinger 1943
876:
874:, p. 871.
861:
846:
834:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
792:
785:
784:
768:
765:
763:
762:
759:Harold Allison
756:
750:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
711:Harry Tjutjuna
708:
702:
696:
690:
684:
678:
672:
669:Tiger Palpatja
666:
660:
654:
648:
647:OAM, a tracker
642:
636:
630:
624:
618:
615:Anmanari Brown
612:
606:
603:Trevor Adamson
600:
594:
591:Gordon Briscoe
587:
585:
584:Notable people
582:
538:
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403:
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340:Pitjantjatjara
335:
332:
320:Pitjantjatjara
312:
309:
264:people of the
199:Pitjantjatjara
193:
192:
182:
181:
177:
176:
166:
165:
161:
160:
145:Pitjantjatjara
141:
140:
136:
135:
127:
120:
119:
115:
114:
111:
103:
102:
99:
94:Pitjantjatjara
89:
86:
85:
49:citation style
44:
42:
35:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4909:
4898:
4895:
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4856:
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4708:
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4459:
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4454:
4452:
4451:Ngaatjatjarra
4449:
4447:
4446:Ngaanyatjarra
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
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4429:
4427:
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4299:
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4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4251:Jabirr Jabirr
4249:
4247:
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4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
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4224:
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3998:
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3732:
3728:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3700:
3697:
3696:Adnyamathanha
3693:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3671:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3653:
3650:
3646:
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3411:
3408:
3404:
3401:
3397:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3378:Organisations
3376:
3369:
3365:
3362:
3358:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3334:
3330:
3327:
3326:James Unaipon
3323:
3320:
3319:David Unaipon
3316:
3313:
3309:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3295:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3284:Frances Rings
3281:
3278:
3277:Alitya Rigney
3274:
3271:
3267:
3264:
3263:Lewis O'Brien
3260:
3257:
3256:Betty Muffler
3253:
3250:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3235:Tjungkara Ken
3232:
3229:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3194:
3190:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3179:Nyakul Dawson
3176:
3173:
3169:
3166:
3162:
3159:
3158:Hector Burton
3155:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3137:Iris Burgoyne
3134:
3131:
3130:Jack Buckskin
3127:
3123:
3119:
3116:
3112:
3109:
3105:
3102:
3098:
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3068:
3065:
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3047:
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3040:
3037:
3036:Killalpaninna
3033:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2996:
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2849:Yawarrawarrka
2846:
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2678:
2675:
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2668:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2646:Ngaanyatjarra
2643:
2640:
2636:
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2629:
2626:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2605:
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2533:
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2523:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2505:
2502:
2501:Adnyamathanha
2498:
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2222:
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2173:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2159:
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2149:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2120:
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2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
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2067:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2028:Ngaanyatjarra
2025:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2014:Nanggikorongo
2011:
2008:
2004:
2001:
2000:Murrinh-Patha
1997:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1979:Mulluk-Mulluk
1976:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:Menhdheyangal
1962:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1913:
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1889:
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1812:
1808:
1805:
1801:
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1766:
1763:
1759:
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1742:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1706:Garrwa/Karawa
1703:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1661:
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1525:
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1406:
1405:
1402:
1396:
1394:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1356:
1354:0-85802-113-7
1350:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1323:0-17-005153-6
1319:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1279:
1275:
1273:0-14-007641-7
1269:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1224:0-00-636391-1
1220:
1216:
1211:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1180:0-646-02068-4
1176:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1161:0-86824-474-0
1157:
1154:. Doubleday.
1153:
1148:
1143:
1141:0-7270-0159-0
1137:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1099:0-949659-91-6
1095:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1080:0-949659-32-0
1076:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1057:0-391-01683-0
1053:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1009:
1005:
1001:
999:0-85179-411-4
995:
990:
989:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
957:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
935:
930:
926:
922:
921:
916:
909:
904:
901:
897:
892:
889:
885:
880:
877:
873:
868:
866:
862:
858:
853:
851:
847:
844:, chapter 12.
843:
838:
835:
830:
824:
816:
809:
806:
800:
795:
790:
787:
786:
782:
771:
766:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
699:Wingu Tingima
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
639:Malpiya Davey
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
621:Hector Burton
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
588:
583:
581:
579:
578:national park
575:
571:
567:
563:
556:
552:
548:
543:
536:
534:
532:
531:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
502:
495:
492:
491:
489:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
471:
469:
465:
462:
460:
457:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
437:
434:
433:
432:, including:
431:
427:
426:
424:
423:
422:
416:
414:
412:
408:
401:
399:
397:
396:Ngaatjatjarra
393:
392:Ngaanyatjarra
389:
385:
381:
377:
376:Ngaatjatjarra
373:
372:Ngaanyatjarra
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
333:
331:
329:
325:
321:
318:
311:Pronunciation
310:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
285:
283:
279:
278:Ngaanyatjarra
275:
271:
267:
263:
258:
252:
242:
200:
191:
187:
186:Ngaanyatjarra
183:
178:
175:
171:
167:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
137:
128:
125:
121:
116:
109:
104:
97:
82:
79:
71:
68:February 2024
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This article
43:
34:
33:
30:
26:
22:
4782:Yindjibarndi
4657:Unggarranggu
4596:
4476:Ngarlawangga
4436:Nangatadjara
4371:Mandjildjara
4016:
3926:
3917:
3908:
3899:
3803:Yandruwandha
3773:Wangkangurru
3759:Ngarrindjeri
3494:Wati-kutjara
3464:
3460:
3456:
3361:Chad Wingard
3354:Norah Wilson
3312:Moogy Sumner
3214:Ruby Hammond
3172:Vince Copley
3124:(Tom Walker)
3064:Point Pearce
2955:Pipalyatjara
2835:Yardliyawara
2821:Yandruwandha
2750:
2702:Ngarrindjeri
2351:Yindjilandji
2147:
2091:Ngolokwangga
1895:Marimanindji
1783:Karrangpurru
1496:Anindilyakwa
1489:Andakerebina
1392:
1344:
1336:the original
1313:
1288:
1282:
1263:
1240:
1214:
1202:. Retrieved
1189:
1170:
1151:
1131:
1112:
1089:
1070:
1060:– via
1045:
1018:
1012:
1002:– via
987:
960:
954:
938:
932:
925:Bates, Daisy
903:
891:
879:
872:Goddard 2010
857:Goddard 1985
837:
817:. Edinburgh.
814:
808:
705:Tony Tjamiwa
693:Malya Teamay
657:David Miller
651:Rene Kulitja
565:
559:
528:
525:native title
517:atomic tests
506:
474:Docker River
452:Pipalyatjara
420:
405:
387:
383:
379:
367:
363:
359:
355:
343:
339:
337:
327:
323:
319:
314:
301:Lake Amadeus
286:
268:desert near
198:
196:
174:Christianity
133: 4,000
90:Ethnic group
74:
65:
46:
29:
4637:Tjeraridjal
4632:Tjalkadjara
4546:Nyangumarta
4456:Ngadjunmaia
4391:Mardudunera
3782:(dialects:
3703:Antakirinja
3480:Muldjewangk
3453:'Dreamtime'
3434:and culture
3291:Nura Rupert
3249:Patty Mills
3221:Ruby Hunter
3200:Adam Goodes
3108:Jimmy Baker
3101:Ian Abdulla
3023:(Umeewarra)
2964:(Ernabella)
2866:Communities
2814:Wongkanguru
2772:Tanganekald
2557:Jarildekald
2508:Antakirinja
2105:Norweilemil
1937:Marrithiyal
1930:Marranunggu
1727:Gungorogone
963:(1): 1–20.
842:Kimber 1986
753:Isaac Yamma
747:Frank Yamma
725:, an artist
713:, an artist
701:, an artist
683:, an artist
677:, an artist
671:, an artist
659:, an artist
645:Jimmy James
635:, an artist
623:, an artist
597:Ian Abdulla
521:land rights
328:pitjantjara
170:Traditional
4886:Categories
4850:Queensland
4792:Yinikutira
4767:Yawijibaya
4672:Walmadjari
4642:Tjurabalan
4521:Njakinjaki
4486:Ngolibardu
4376:Mandjindja
4336:Maduwongga
4301:Kartudjara
4231:Ildawongga
4221:Gooniyandi
4181:Ballardong
4061:Queensland
3057:Oak Valley
2984:Yunyarinyi
2856:Yirawirung
2842:Yarluyandi
2779:Thangkaali
2765:Ramindjeri
2681:Ngangaruku
2611:Mardidjali
2597:Malyangapa
2536:Bungandidj
2529:Bodaruwitj
2414:Queensland
2302:Wongkamala
2274:Warndarang
2169:Rembarrnga
2155:Pongaponga
2119:Nunggubuyu
2049:Ngaliwurru
2021:Nangiomeri
1902:Marinunggo
1888:Maridjabin
1811:Kungarakan
1762:Jamindjung
1671:Emmiyangal
1636:Djerimanga
1552:Bingongina
1503:Anmatyerre
1431:Aboriginal
494:Wingellina
464:Oak Valley
368:yankunytja
352:comitative
262:Aboriginal
60:footnoting
4787:Yingkarta
4682:Wariangga
4627:Tharrkari
4622:Thalandji
4602:Putidjara
4582:Pindjarup
4511:Nimanburu
4466:Ngarinjin
4441:Nangatara
4421:Murunitja
4321:Kurajarra
4306:Keiadjara
4291:Karajarri
4236:Inawongga
4206:Duulngari
3766:Paakantyi
3717:Barngarla
3684:Languages
3473:Tjilbruke
3465:tjukurrpa
3461:mura-mura
3050:Nepabunna
3021:Davenport
3014:Colebrook
3006:Poonindie
2898:Indulkana
2874:APY Lands
2758:Portaulun
2737:Peramangk
2660:Ngayawang
2618:Meintangk
2569:Karangura
2561:Mulbarapa
2522:Barngarla
2295:Wilingura
2281:Warumungu
2260:Warlmanpa
2211:Wadjiginy
2070:Ngarinman
2035:Ngalakgan
1986:Muringura
1951:Matuntara
1860:Mangarayi
1846:Madngella
1832:Kwarandji
1825:Kunwinjku
1818:Kunibidji
1734:Gunindiri
1699:Gambalang
1692:Gadjerong
1664:Doolboong
1615:Djalakuru
1538:Bilingara
1531:Beriguruk
1482:Amijangal
1468:Alyawarre
1370:Ngapartji
1204:16 August
1146:(reprint)
992:. Rigby.
823:cite book
801:Citations
515:from the
484:Mutitjulu
436:Ernabella
388:nyangatja
364:pitjantja
360:pitjantja
344:pitjantja
338:The name
334:Etymology
260:) are an
139:Languages
4865:Victoria
4860:Tasmania
4752:Wunambal
4742:Worrorra
4732:Wirdinya
4727:Wilawila
4692:Watjarri
4607:Spinifex
4577:Pindiini
4572:Pibelmen
4566:Perrakee
4561:Panyjima
4556:Nyulnyul
4501:Ngurrara
4481:Ngarluma
4406:Miriwung
4331:Madoitja
4276:Kalamaia
4246:Jaburara
4241:Inggarda
4186:Binigura
4176:Baiyungu
4166:Badimaya
4082:Victoria
4075:Tasmania
4019:massacre
3745:Ngadjuri
3738:Narungga
3487:Ngiṉṯaka
3432:Religion
3228:Ivaritji
3043:Koonibba
2941:Mintabie
2914:(Fregon)
2912:Kaltjiti
2744:Pilatapa
2723:Ngurunta
2716:Ngintait
2688:Ngaralda
2653:Ngadjuri
2632:Narungga
2435:Victoria
2428:Tasmania
2344:Yaroinga
2309:Wulwulam
2267:Warlpiri
2253:Wardaman
2246:Wandjira
2162:Puneitja
2133:Perrakee
2098:Ngormbur
1972:Mudburra
1909:Marijedi
1839:Larrakia
1790:Kaytetye
1741:Gurindji
1713:Giimbiyu
1678:Gaagudju
1545:Binbinga
1510:Arrernte
1305:40327992
1235:(1974).
1035:27976165
977:40327930
927:(1918).
767:See also
570:Tjukurpa
479:Areyonga
402:Language
326:, thus:
317:ethnonym
164:Religion
56:citation
4806:History
4762:Yamatji
4747:Wudjari
4737:Wirngir
4722:Wiilman
4712:Whadjuk
4707:Wenamba
4662:Unggumi
4647:Tjuroro
4592:Pintupi
4551:Nyigina
4536:Noongar
4506:Niabali
4491:Ngombal
4411:Mirning
4381:Mangala
4361:Mandara
4356:Malngin
4351:Malgaru
4346:Malgana
4326:Kurrama
4296:Kariera
4286:Kaneang
4281:Kambure
4271:Kalaako
4226:Gugadja
4211:Dyiwali
4144:Peoples
3968:History
3796:Wirangu
3710:Arabana
3512:Watarru
3467:, etc.)
3446:Arkaroo
3071:Raukkan
2977:Watarru
2962:Pukatja
2948:Nyapaṟi
2807:Wirangu
2709:Ngawadj
2695:Ngarkat
2674:Ngameni
2625:Mirning
2583:Kokatha
2543:Dhirari
2515:Arabana
2493:Peoples
2379:Yunggor
2337:Yanyuwa
2323:Yangman
2316:Wurango
2239:Wambaya
2218:Wagoman
2141:Pintupi
2112:Nungali
2077:Ngarnka
2063:Ngardok
1944:Mati Ke
1881:Maridan
1874:Mariamo
1797:Kukatja
1776:Jingili
1748:Iwaidja
1720:Gudanji
1643:Djinang
1629:Djerait
1608:Dhuwala
1587:Dalabon
1573:Dagoman
1566:Burarra
1524:Awinmul
1447:Airiman
1284:Oceania
1014:Oceania
956:Oceania
917:Sources
503:History
428:in the
384:ngaatja
380:ngaanya
354:suffix
149:English
4777:Yeidji
4772:Yawuru
4702:Wanman
4697:Wangai
4687:Warrwa
4677:Wardal
4667:Waljen
4652:Umiida
4541:Nyamal
4531:Nokaan
4526:Njunga
4516:Ninanu
4496:Ngurlu
4471:Ngarla
4461:Ngalia
4426:Nakako
4401:Mineng
4316:Koreng
4256:Jadira
4196:Buruna
4191:Bunuba
4171:Bailgu
4151:Amangu
3946:Cases:
3859:Words:
3731:Kaurna
3079:Yalata
3029:Gerard
3002:Akenta
2994:Other:
2934:Mimili
2927:Makiri
2786:Wailpi
2730:Nukunu
2667:Ngalia
2590:Kuyani
2576:Kaurna
2358:Yolngu
2225:Wakaya
2204:Wadere
2197:Waanyi
2084:Ngarti
2056:Ngandi
2042:Ngalia
2007:Nagara
1804:Kunapa
1769:Jawoyn
1657:Djowei
1650:Djinba
1601:Dhuwal
1559:Bininj
1517:Awarai
1475:Amarak
1395:(ATNS)
1351:
1320:
1303:
1270:
1251:
1221:
1177:
1158:
1138:
1119:
1096:
1077:
1054:
1033:
996:
975:
789:Wiltja
566:Anangu
547:Anangu
459:Yalata
356:-tjara
289:Anangu
100:Aṉangu
4757:Wurla
4617:Tenma
4612:Tedei
4431:Nanda
4396:Martu
4366:Mandi
4311:Koara
4266:Jukun
4201:Djaru
4161:Bardi
4156:Arnga
4017:Maria
3724:Dieri
2970:Umuwa
2920:Kaṉpi
2905:Kalka
2891:Iltur
2884:Amaṯa
2793:Warki
2550:Dieri
2365:Yukul
2288:Watta
2190:Tjial
2126:Oitbi
1958:Maung
1923:Marra
1916:Mariu
1755:Jaako
1685:Gaari
1622:Djaŋu
1594:Dangu
1461:Alura
1454:Alawa
1301:JSTOR
1031:JSTOR
973:JSTOR
796:Notes
447:Kalka
442:Amata
324:-tja-
270:Uluru
4797:Yued
4717:Widi
4587:Pini
4416:Miwa
4341:Maia
4261:Jawi
4216:Gija
3888:Laws
3817:Yuyu
3457:muda
2639:Nauo
2372:Yumu
2232:Walu
2183:Tiwi
1580:Daii
1349:ISBN
1318:ISBN
1268:ISBN
1249:ISBN
1219:ISBN
1206:2016
1175:ISBN
1156:ISBN
1136:ISBN
1117:ISBN
1094:ISBN
1075:ISBN
1052:ISBN
994:ISBN
829:link
523:and
394:and
382:and
374:and
346:, a
315:The
276:and
197:The
58:and
4135:of
1293:doi
1023:doi
965:doi
943:BHL
284:).
254:or
235:ɑːr
4888::
3786:,
3463:,
3459:,
1299:.
1289:13
1287:.
1247:.
1243:.
1239:.
1029:.
1017:.
971:.
961:12
959:.
939:42
937:.
931:.
864:^
849:^
825:}}
821:{{
580:.
398:.
245:;
232:tʃ
223:tʃ
220:ən
217:tʃ
188:,
172:,
155:,
130:c.
4568:?
4125:e
4118:t
4111:v
4003:)
3999:(
3790:)
3455:(
3008:)
3004:(
2876::
2563:)
2478:e
2471:t
2464:v
2135:?
1423:e
1416:t
1409:v
1357:.
1326:.
1307:.
1295::
1276:.
1257:.
1227:.
1208:.
1183:.
1164:.
1144:.
1125:.
1102:.
1083:.
1064:.
1037:.
1025::
1019:4
1006:.
979:.
967::
945:.
910:.
898:.
859:.
831:)
241:/
238:ə
229:ˈ
226:ə
214:ɪ
211:p
208:ˌ
205:/
201:(
159:)
151:(
126::
81:)
75:(
70:)
66:(
62:.
52:.
27:.
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