Magic: The Gathering rules - Knowledge (XXG)

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abilities. In most cases, multiple instances of the same keyword on an object have no additional effect. Keywords can be classified into two different types: Evergreen or Mechanics. Evergreen keywords "can appear in absolutely any set, since its gameplay effects and flavor are flexible and generic enough to fit anywhere. Effects like trample, flying, deathtouch, first strike and haste are examples of this". Abilities classified as Mechanics are rotated in and out of the game as various expansions are released.

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Wastes), one for each color (plus Wastes for colorless). These lands can each be tapped to produce one mana of the appropriate color. Other lands are non-basic and may produce other combinations or amounts of mana, or may have other abilities. Playing a land does not use the stack and therefore occurs immediately, with no way for any player to stop it. Players are allowed to have any number of basic lands in a deck, whereas all other cards are limited to a maximum of four copies per deck.

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swamped' or pulling out mostly basic mana cards and not enough spell cards to attack. The opposite can also happen where players become 'mana starved' and have too little mana to play their spell cards. There are a number of ways the calculate or estimate this more specifically, but a quick rule of thumb is that basic mana should make up approximately one-third of their

585:: the defending player chooses which creatures they will block with. A creature must be untapped in order for it to block. Each creature can only block a single attacker, but multiple defending creatures can block the same attacker. Both players are given a chance to cast instants and activate abilities after blockers have been declared. 751:

simultaneously as they were in earlier editions. Spells were now announced in 'batches'. However, over the next year it became clear to Wizards of the Coast that the game needed a more detailed rulebook. This led to the development of the Comprehensive Rules which were introduced in mid-1995 with the

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is a "planeswalker", a wizard who can travel ("walk") between different realms or universes ("planes"); as such, planeswalker cards are meant to represent scaled-down versions of other players, with their decks represented by the card's abilities, and originally were designed to move through a roster

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Creatures represent people or beasts that are summoned to the battlefield to attack opposing creatures or players and defend their controller from the attacks of enemy creatures. Creatures have two values that represent their strength in combat, printed on the lower right-hand corner of the card. The

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Artifacts represent magical items, animated constructs, pieces of equipment, or other objects and devices. Like enchantments, artifacts remain on the battlefield until something removes them. Some artifacts are Equipment. Each equipment has a Equip cost, which a player can pay to give that equipment

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Land cards tap to produce mana that is used to cast spells and activate abilities. They cost no mana to play; however, a player may play no more than one land per turn, and only during the main phases of their own turn. There are six types of basic lands (Plains, Island, Swamp, Mountain, Forest, and

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involves two or more players who are engaged in a battle acting as powerful wizards, known as Planeswalkers. Each player has their own deck of cards, either one previously constructed or made from a limited pool of cards for the event. A player typically starts the game with a "life total" of twenty

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core set. Several rule changes were made with the goal of making the game terminology more flavorful such as renaming the "in play-zone" to "battlefield". The main change was that combat stopped using the stack, a change that was considered by many veterans of the game to reduce the strategic depth

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core set in 1999. Instead of spells resolving as complete batches players could now interact on the "stack" at any point, interrupts were removed from the game, combat damage used the stack, and the rules deactivating tapped artifacts and preventing tapped blockers from dealing damage were removed.

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Enchantments represent persistent magical effects; they are spells that remain on the battlefield and alter some aspect of the game. Some enchantments are attached to other cards on the battlefield (often creatures); these are known as Auras. These enchantments affect that card in some way, and are

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When a player casts a spell or activates an ability, it does not immediately take effect. Instead, it is placed on the stack, allowing other players to respond to the ability. Most activated abilities, as well as instant spells, can be used on anybody's turn as responses in this manner. Each new

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The combat phase is split into five steps. Aside from instants, activated abilities, and spells that are specifically noted as being able to be played at any time (e.g., creatures with flash), players may not cast spells during combat. Multiple creatures may attack at the same time, but the turn

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Each player uses their own deck to play the game. In most formats, a deck must have a minimum of 60 cards; there is no maximum deck size, but a player must be able to shuffle their deck without assistance. Some formats have exceptions or additional limitations to the above rules. In tournaments,

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streamlined many cards, introduced or clarified many terms, removed "the need for multiple artifact types" and "introduced the tap symbol". It also introduced the system of timing that is in similar form still used in the game today: LIFO ("last in, first out"), instead of spells being resolved

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commented that "One of the more important aspects of constructing a deck is the mana ratio. This ratio determines how many basic land cards players will need in their deck in order to 'cast' spell cards for combat and defense when playing a game. Too much mana can lead to players becoming 'mana

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Some cards have abilities that are not fully explained on the card. These are known as "keyword" abilities, and consist of a word or phrase whose meaning is defined by the rules. Keyword abilities are usually given reminder text in the set in which they are introduced. There are over forty such

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formats in 2019. In turn order, each player may decide to mulligan; that player shuffles their hand and library together and draws a new hand of seven cards. A player can do this as many times as they wish. They then put a card on the bottom of their library for each time they took a mulligan.

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The main phase occurs immediately after the draw step; in this phase, the player has option to put cards onto the field. They may play any card from their hand unless that card specifies otherwise, and as long as they have the mana to pay its casting cost. This includes creature, planeswalker,

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Deck building requires strategy, as players must choose among thousands of cards which they want to play. This requires players to evaluate the power of their cards, as well as the possible synergies between them, and their possible interactions with the cards they expect to play against. This

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of effects without player control, as though they had a mind of their own. Most planeswalkers are legendary and subject to the "legend rule" - if a player controls more than one legendary planeswalker with the same name, that player chooses one and puts the other into their owner's graveyard.

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per turn, and only on its controller's turn during their main phases. An amount of loyalty counters are also removed equal to any damage the planeswalker takes. A planeswalker with no loyalty counters, either through use of its abilities or through damage, is put into the player's graveyard.

488:, which is tracked with counters. Planeswalkers' loyalty abilities each have a positive or negative loyalty cost; this is how many counters must be added (if positive) or removed (if negative) to activate that ability. Regardless of the loyalty costs, a single planeswalker may only use 804:'s discretion. These limitations are usually for balance of power reasons, but have been occasionally made because of gameplay mechanics. For example, with the elimination of the "play for ante" mechanic in all formal formats, all such cards with this feature are banned. During the 573:: Players have a chance to cast spells and activate abilities that may alter how combat progresses. As the most common example, only untapped creatures may attack, so the defending player may cast instants or activate abilities that will tap a creature, preventing it from attacking. 134:

Players have also invented many alternative formats for playing the game, some of which have been embraced by Wizards of the Coast. Some of these formats utilize rules or sets of cards that differ from those used in sanctioned tournament play. One of the most popular formats of

627:: the active player discards down to their maximum hand size, then simultaneously, all damage marked on permanents is removed and all "until end of turn" and "this turn" effects end. Players can only take an action during the cleanup step if an ability triggers, which is rare. 500:

Planeswalkers are not creatures, so they cannot directly attack or block. Creatures can attack an opponent's planeswalkers rather than the opponent themselves. Those creatures may be blocked normally, but if not blocked deal damage to the planeswalker instead of the player.

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games and generated volumes of data of popular deck constructions, Wizards was able to track popular combinations more quickly than in a purely paper game, and in mid-2020, banned additional cards that in specific combinations could draw out games far longer than desired.

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a permanent as part of their cost, meaning that they cannot use the ability again for the remainder of the turn. A creature that attacks also gets tapped, but a creature that blocks does not. Furthermore, a tapped creature cannot be declared as an attacker or blocker.

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they can be cast. Sorceries may only be cast during the player's own main phases, and only when the stack is empty. Instants, on the other hand, can be cast at any time, including during other players' turns and while another spell or ability is waiting to resolve.

464:, there was another type of spell called an "Interrupt". Interrupts functioned similarly to instants in that they could be played at any time, however players could only respond to interrupts with other interrupts and could not use instants or activate abilities. 146:

Formats can further be divided by if they are Constructed and Limited formats. Constructed formats require decks to be made prior to participation, with players allowed to use any tournament-legal cards they possess. Sanctioned Constructed formats include

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Most cards other than lands have a mana cost. This is the amount of mana that must be spent to cast that card as a spell. Cards can require mana of any color or combination of colors, including generic costs that can be paid with mana of any color.

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A player wins the game by eliminating all opponents. Players typically begin the game with 20 life and generally lose when their life total hits zero or they run out of cards in their deck, although there are other ways of losing the game.

131:: Tournament and Casual. The term "sanctioned" refers to formats that the Wizards Play Network allows to be run at official events. Officially sanctioned events can also add additional rules such as disallowing proxy cards. 436:

to one of their creatures, making the creature stronger. Unlike auras, which are destroyed when the object they are enchanting leaves play, equipment can be re-equipped by another creature if its original user leaves play.

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first number is the creature's power, the amount of damage it deals in combat. The second number is its toughness; if it receives that much damage in a single turn, the creature is destroyed and placed in the graveyard.

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highlighted that "most planes have some unique rules that are only relevant on cards from specific sets" and that "new mechanics are constantly added to shake things up and give the players new tools to work with".

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spell or ability is put on top of the stack, with the newest on top and the oldest at the bottom. When nobody has more spells or abilities to add, spells and abilities on the stack resolve in top-to-bottom order.

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Creatures are divided into creature types, such as "goblin" or "wizard". Creatures of the same type often synergize well with each other, causing players to build decks based entirely on one type of creature.

280:: A player's discard pile. Typically, "creatures, enchantments, and artifacts stay on the playing field whereas sorceries and instants are placed in your discard pile after casting their one-time effect". 770:

rules changed interrupts to work remarkably like instants, simplified the attack, and introduced several 'new' concepts that had never had formal names (including phase costs and triggered abilities)."

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other spells. These spells must be cast while the spells they will affect are still on the stack. If a spell is countered, it is moved from the stack to its owner's graveyard and does not resolve.

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products. Limited competition require players to select cards and build decks on the fly within the tournament itself. The primary two sanctioned Limited formats are Sealed Deck and Booster Draft.

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Sorceries and instants both represent one-shot or short-term magical spells. They never enter the battlefield. Instead, they take effect and then are immediately put into their owner's graveyard.

59:, play various types of spells which require varying amounts and colors of mana, and attack their opponent to try and reduce their life total from the starting 20 to zero, thus winning the game. 3667: 3660: 3653: 3646: 84:

and loses the game when their life total is reduced to zero. A player can also lose if they must draw from an empty deck. Some cards specify other ways to win or lose the game. One of the "

579:: the player whose turn it is declares which creatures they control will attack. Both players are given a chance to cast instants and activate abilities after attackers have been declared. 3272: 372:, that mana is put in their "mana pool". There are five colors of mana: white, blue, black, red and green. Mana can also be colorless. Mana in the mana pool can be used to pay costs. 182:"metagame" can vary in different locations or time periods. The choice of cards is usually narrowed by the player deciding which colors they want to include in the deck. Part of the 396:. Types of permanents include lands, creatures, enchantments, artifacts, and planeswalkers. In contrast, sorceries and instants go to the graveyard immediately after they are used. 3639: 120:

can be played. Each format provides additional rules for deck construction and gameplay, with many confining the pool of permitted cards to those released in a specified group of

538:: Then, any abilities that trigger on the "upkeep step" happen, starting with the player of the current turn. These often include cards that require mana payments every turn. 3087: 2661: 3819: 3449: 824:

databases. This included a card called "Invoke Prejudice", which was displayed on the official card index site Gatherer "at a web URL ending in '1488', numbers that are

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product line has been starter decks which are aimed to provide novice players with ideas for deck building. Players expand their card library for deck building through

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Older cards have also been banned from all formal play by Wizards due to inappropriate racial or cultural depictions in their text or illustrations in the wake of the

1054: 3496: 2555: 621:: abilities that trigger "at the beginning of the end step" go on the stack. This is the last chance players have to cast instants or activate abilities this turn. 3484: 2960: 548:

No cards or abilities can be played during the untap step. During the upkeep and draw steps, however, players can cast instants and activate abilities as normal.

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also introduced on-card reminder text to keywords with the goal of helping beginners to learn the various keywords of the game more easily. The rules were

268:: A player's hidden hand of cards that can be played. If a player has more than seven cards in hand at the end of their turn, any extras must be discarded. 194:

set and defined by rarity. These rarities are known as Common, Uncommon, Rare, and Mythic Rare, with more powerful cards generally having higher rarities.

3611: 1158: 591:: attacking and blocking creatures deal damage; if a creature has multiple blockers, that creature’s controller chooses which order they are damaged in. 3625: 766:

rules attempted to create a complete rulebook from which card interactions could be determined logically without the need for special-case rulings. "

327:: abilities that have a cost and an effect, which are separated using a colon. A player may activate such an ability at any time by paying the cost. 3705: 3513: 3022: 3779: 3683: 3055: 3491: 3358: 2990: 2539: 2073: 1105: 349: 40:, and accompanied the first version of the game in 1993. The rules of Magic have been changed frequently over the years by the manufacturer, 3589: 55:, and play each other. Players start by drawing a hand of seven cards and then take turns. In a turn a player can play one mana-producing 215:

At the beginning of a game, each player shuffles their deck and draws seven cards to form their starting hand. The players may choose to

3774: 3466: 1864: 3712: 2319: 1183: 3444: 2953: 1207: 461: 292:: Cards that have been exiled by specific effects are put here. Unlike the graveyard, exile is "the place where cards go when they're 1984: 1716:

Chatterjee, Krishnendu; Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus (2016). "The Complexity of Deciding Legality of a Single Step of Magic: The Gathering".

333:: Abilities that begin with the word "when", "whenever", or "at". Whenever the trigger event occurs, the ability is put on the stack. 3799: 3769: 3479: 3454: 3039: 978: 909: 124: 3785: 606:

The second main phase is identical to the first; the player may cast spells and play a land (if they haven't played one already).

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of combat situations although it was generally accepted that in many cases the difference would not affect the combat situation.

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Individual cards may be listed as "restricted", where only one copy can be included in a deck, or simply "banned", at the

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and outline "special-case rulings". In April 1994, Wizards of the Coast made "the first attempt to formalize and simplify

544:: A player then draws a card. In two-player games, the player who takes the first turn does not draw a card for that turn. 2563: 2436: 3029: 3002: 2293: 2203: 1595: 160: 156: 152: 148: 111: 2745: 2040: 3698: 3574: 3267: 1025: 3618: 2717: 1308: 1135: 998: 2246: 2130: 1544: 3792: 3332: 3252: 1281: 3342: 2158: 1080: 3307: 369: 306:

format, each players' commander is put here at the start of the game and returns when it leave the battlefield.

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The rules text on the cards was made more consistent, with some rules templated to achieve that consistency.

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all cards they control (unless otherwise stated by a card's effect) and they can be tapped again as normal.

88:

Golden Rules" is that "Whenever a card's text directly contradicts these rules, the card takes precedence".

1237: 163:. Limited formats, in contrast, utilize a restricted and unknown pool of cards, usually formed by opening 3731: 3312: 3292: 3202: 2911: 2896: 2881: 2866: 2851: 2833: 2818: 2803: 2930: 1838: 1787: 877: 1932: 817: 597:: Nothing normally happens during this phase, although players have another opportunity to take actions. 3317: 2014: 1489: 380: 212:

containing up to 15 cards. Sideboard cards can be swapped for cards in the main deck in between games.

3297: 286:: This is the place for spells and abilities that have been cast or played, but have not yet resolved. 3533: 3438: 2970: 2916: 2901: 2886: 2871: 2856: 2838: 2823: 2808: 2665: 2512: 2363: 1630: 1241: 970: 801: 262:: The portion of the player's deck that is kept face down and is normally in random order (shuffled). 128: 41: 32: 1815: 1394:"Magic The Gathering Booster Packs Guide: Draft, Set, Theme And Collector's Booster Packs Explained" 723:

Playing lands and certain other special actions do not use the stack; they take effect immediately.

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sorcery, instant, land, enchantment, and artifact cards. Players may play only one land per turn.

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officially labels its gameplay phases "as Begin, Main Phase, Combat, Second Main Phase, and End".

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After this phase is completed, the next active player starts their turn at the beginning phase.

102:, making it official when it catches on. Commander started as a fan-created format, after all". 427:

automatically put into the graveyard when the card they are enchanting leaves the battlefield.

3692: 3391: 3227: 3182: 3172: 2995: 2535: 2079: 2069: 1117: 974: 805: 209: 2635: 2182: 1412: 1263: 3559: 3237: 2610: 2323: 2307: 2222: 1721: 1342: 1286: 850: 216: 37: 2393: 3398: 3257: 3192: 2722: 2691: 2585: 44:, mostly in minor ways. However, major rules overhauls have also been done a few times. 3676: 3569: 3012: 2846: 1365: 825: 3853: 3752: 3738: 3564: 3554: 3112: 2531: 2507: 2394:"How to play Magic: The Gathering – your beginner's guide to mana, cards, and combat" 1370: 964: 652:

symbol, which appears on cards to indicate that a certain skill requires the card's

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Generation Decks: the unofficial history of gaming phenomenon Magic: The Gathering

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Wylie, Tom (Fall 1994). "Murk dwellers: The Magic rules you've never heard of".

2692:"Magic: The Gathering's Worst Mechanic Was Banned to Avoid Gambling Accusations" 2106: 1449: 695: 656:

to be used. This is the first version of the symbol, printed on cards from the

244: 3403: 3157: 3107: 3102: 3017: 2774:"Racist Magic: The Gathering cards banned, removed from database by publisher" 1467: 644: 99: 2083: 1816:"Magic The Gathering: Everything You Need To Know About The Commander Format" 1596:"Magic: The Gathering will implement London Mulligan rule across all formats" 1121: 17: 3222: 3177: 1985:"The 5 Mechanics You Need to Know to Play 'Magic the Gathering: Kaldheim'" 1887:

Biderman, Stella (2020). "Magic: The Gathering is as Hard as Arithmetic".

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At any given time, every card is located in one of the following "zones":

3262: 3212: 3207: 3167: 3137: 3132: 1937: 1635: 2223:"Magic: The Gathering - How Equipment Became the Premier Weapons of War" 1959: 1312: 1184:"Deckbuilding thrives in Magic: The Gathering's casual format Commander" 1106:"Platform Studies, Computational Essentialism, and Magic: The Gathering" 3376: 2938: 2135: 1989: 1792: 735: 2066:

Game Magic: A Designer's Guide to Magic Systems in Theory and Practice

3538: 3217: 3187: 3152: 2411: 339:: abilities written as statements, that modify the rules of the game. 1960:"How Scrying Became Magic: The Gathering's Newest Evergreen Keyword" 2437:""Magic: The Gathering" Comprehensive & "Oracle" Rules Changes" 2068:. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis. pp. 105–110. 1893: 51:

is a game where two players bring their own set of cards, called a

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Moursund, Beth (April 1999). "Sixth Edition: one stack fits all".

1865:"Magic The Gathering: What Are Activated And Triggered Abilities?" 1490:"How To Build A Magic: The Gathering Standard Format 60-Card Deck" 1159:"Commander: The definitive history of Magic's most popular format" 643: 379: 243: 66: 846:"Magic for the Masses: So You Want to Play Magic: The Gathering?" 2611:"Magic: The Gathering - Early on, the Game Was Just Plain WEIRD" 90: 2942: 2746:"Wizards of the Coast Bans 7 Racist Magic: The Gathering Cards" 1631:"How to play Magic the Gathering Arena: getting started in MTG" 1366:"Magic: The Gathering: A definitive guide to MtG for beginners" 1338:"Magic for the Masses: Standard Deck Construction on a Budget" 1511:"Magic: The Gathering - When & Why to Mulligan Your Hand" 231:

The London Mulligan rule was implemented for all competitive

820:, and their images have been blocked or removed from online 190:, which have a random distribution of cards from a specific 2718:"COVID-19 Is Making 'Magic: The Gathering' Change the Game" 758:

The Comprehensive Rules were again overhauled for the 1997

274:: Cards that are in play and actively influencing the game. 2894:

Rose, Bill (May 1999). "Classic, Sixth edition, and you".

2041:"Magic: The Gathering's Head Designer Has A Damn Hard Job" 999:"'Mix and match' makes many kinds of Magic: The Gathering" 734:'s Comprehensive Rules aim to "stabilize the rules" with 2636:"Magic: The Gathering - Making Sense of the Legend Rule" 1933:"Magic the Gathering: Arena keyword abilities explained" 787:

The next major rules update was a decade later with the

143:

format which is technically a casual sanctioned format.

2131:"Magic: The Gathering 101 – Deck Building Fundamentals" 1208:"Magic: The Gathering's most popular formats explained" 910:"How to play Magic: The Gathering: A beginner's guide" 566:

player may only declare their list of attackers once.

392:

All objects that remain on the battlefield are called

127:. Formats are divided into two main categories by the 2015:"Magic: The Gathering Strixhaven Mechanics Explained" 1570:"Magic: The Gathering is Getting a New Mulligan Rule" 2909:

Catino, Charlie (May 1999). "Sixth edition tricks".

2240: 2238: 2236: 2183:"MTG: The Stack – what is it, and how does it work?" 1833: 1831: 1829: 678:

At the beginning of each player's turn, that player

94:

highlighted that the game has many variants; also, "

3811: 3762: 3723: 3602: 3547: 3526: 3465: 3431: 3351: 3080: 3047: 3038: 2978: 2275:"Magic The Gathering: What Are Planeswalker Cards?" 1545:"Magic: The Gathering Arena - the beginner's guide" 2247:"Old School Magic: Chapter 10 — Rules of the Road" 2102:"MTG basics: Introduction to Magic: The Gathering" 1689:"Magic The Gathering Turns Explained: Phase Guide" 1140:Americana: The Journal of American Popular Culture 2387: 2385: 2383: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2159:"What do Magic: The Gathering mana symbols mean?" 36:were originally developed by the game's creator, 2268: 2266: 2264: 2262: 2260: 525:The beginning phase is composed of three parts: 1788:"How to Play 'Magic: The Gathering': The Stack" 1483: 1481: 668:Some spells or abilities require the player to 296:dead and can't be replayed back into the game". 3820:Destroy All Humans. They Can't Be Regenerated. 1432:"Magic: The Gathering card rarities explained" 1413:"Magic: The Gathering card rarities explained" 958: 956: 954: 952: 950: 2954: 1711: 1709: 948: 946: 944: 942: 940: 938: 936: 934: 932: 930: 27:Overview of game play of Magic: The Gathering 8: 2879:Moursund, Beth (May 1999). "Show and tell". 2505:Buehler, Randy (May 1999). "Final Fortune". 1764:"So You Want to Play 'Magic: The Gathering'" 1282:"Magic for the Masses: Drafting for Dummies" 704:deck, or 20 to 24 cards in a 60-card deck". 484:Planeswalkers' abilities are based on their 368:When a player uses an ability that produces 3544: 3462: 3044: 2961: 2947: 2939: 2477:"Simple Rules are the Holy Grail of Magic" 1909:"Top 10 Evergreen Keywords by Abe Sargent" 1882: 1880: 1878: 1839:"Magic: The Gathering Comprehensive Rules" 1309:"A Beginners Guide to Magic the Gathering" 1081:"WotC Clarifies Proxy Position on 'Magic'" 878:"Magic: The Gathering Comprehensive Rules" 460:Prior to the introduction of the stack in 2320:"Magic: The Gathering Planeswalker Rules" 1892: 532:: A player untaps all cards they control. 219:if they do not like their starting hand. 2204:"10 best tribes in Magic: The Gathering" 1026:"Magic: the Gathering® Tournament Rules" 2357: 2355: 2353: 1683: 1681: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1262:Mitchell, Ferguson (October 17, 2019). 1232: 1230: 1228: 1136:"Magic: The Gathering, A Literary Text" 837: 116:There are various formats in which the 2831:"The philosophy of the B&R list". 2767: 2765: 2605: 2603: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2456: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2125: 2123: 2095: 2093: 2009: 2007: 1757: 1755: 1671: 1669: 1667: 1665: 1663: 1661: 1659: 1657: 1655: 1653: 1539: 1537: 1535: 1533: 1531: 1057:. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from 808:which drew more players to the online 447:Sorceries and instants differ only in 2294:"Planeswalk on the Wild Side, part 1" 1753: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1617: 1615: 1505: 1503: 1488:Lindquist, Sarah (October 11, 2021). 1411:Wilson, Nicholas (December 1, 2020). 1332: 1330: 1311:. Kim E Lumbard. 2003. Archived from 1020: 1018: 992: 990: 963:Kaufeld, John; Smith, Jeremy (2006). 350:List of Magic: The Gathering keywords 7: 997:Lancaster, Luke (January 26, 2017). 904: 902: 900: 898: 872: 870: 868: 208:players may be allowed the use of a 2245:Menendian, Steve (March 27, 2017). 1392:Parlock, Joe (September 27, 2021). 3359:Compilation, reprint, and box sets 3273:Adventures in the Forgotten Realms 2221:Kemner, Louis (December 3, 2020). 2039:Goldberg, J. R. (March 30, 2017). 883:. November 18, 2022. pp. 6–11 25: 3800:Strixhaven: A Curriculum of Chaos 2716:Gault, Matthew (August 5, 2020). 2362:Knutson, Ted (November 4, 2006). 2202:Coles, Jason (October 19, 2021). 2181:Coles, Jason (January 14, 2022). 2157:Miceli, Max (February 25, 2021). 2100:Mitchell, Ferguson (2019-07-15). 1364:Carrillo, Jaime (June 13, 2019). 1264:"MTG Basics: Competitive formats" 716:Certain spells allow a player to 3834: 3833: 2306:Matt Tabak. (August 28th, 2017) 614:The ending phase has two steps: 3480:Grand Prix and Spotlight Series 2849:(March 1999). "Classic moves". 2584:Henke, Tobias (June 19, 2009). 2562:. June 10, 2009. Archived from 2273:Parlock, Joe (April 29, 2022). 1844:. November 14, 2022. p. 23 826:synonymous with white supremacy 177:Magic: The Gathering deck types 3786:Guildmasters' Guide to Ravnica 2744:Parrish, Ash (June 10, 2020). 2660:LaPille, Tom (July 26, 2009). 1726:10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-1432 1182:Johnson, Xavier (2021-07-30). 966:Trading Card Games For Dummies 1: 2816:Wylie, Tom. "Murk dwellers". 2441:Bleeding Cool News And Rumors 2435:Nelson, Joshua (2019-09-27). 1594:Forster, Danny (2019-06-03). 203:Beginning and ending the game 2772:Hall, Charlie (2020-06-10). 2392:Basil, Matt (May 26, 2022). 2322:. 2008-03-26. Archived from 1157:Hall, Charlie (2020-05-28). 320:Types of abilities include: 112:Magic: The Gathering formats 3333:Outlaws of Thunder Junction 3268:Strixhaven: School of Mages 796:Banned and restricted cards 3881: 3641:Duels of the Planeswalkers 3343:Duskmourn: House of Horror 2556:"Magic 2010 Rules Changes" 2475:Grey, Dan (June 1, 2009). 1762:Orf, Darren (2020-08-11). 1430:Micell, Max (4 May 2021). 347: 174: 109: 98:tends to embrace all that 3829: 3793:Mythic Odysseys of Theros 3308:Phyrexia: All Will Be One 3253:Ikoria: Lair of Behemoths 2841:. March 1999. p. 31. 2588:(in German). planetmtg.de 777:reworked more drastically 47:In its most-played form, 3278:Innistrad: Midnight Hunt 2364:"The Dynamics of a Turn" 2292:Rosewater (2009-10-02). 3328:Murders at Karlov Manor 3323:Lost Caverns of Ixalan 3293:Streets of New Capenna 3288:Kamigawa: Neon Dynasty 3283:Innistrad: Crimson Vow 3203:Shadows over Innistrad 2326:on September 23, 2022. 665: 440:Sorceries and instants 389: 252: 76: 2586:"Berechtigte Zweifel" 2526:Chalk, Titus (2017). 2064:Howard, Jeff (2014). 971:John Wiley & Sons 818:George Floyd protests 781:Classic Sixth Edition 748:codification of rules 686:Mana costs and colors 647: 640:Tapping and untapping 383: 247: 70: 3860:Magic: The Gathering 3685:Magic: The Gathering 3534:Wizards of the Coast 3450:Professional players 3439:Wizards Play Network 3313:March of the Machine 2971:Magic: The Gathering 2932:Magic: The Gathering 2917:Wizards of the Coast 2902:Wizards of the Coast 2887:Wizards of the Coast 2872:Wizards of the Coast 2857:Wizards of the Coast 2839:Wizards of the Coast 2824:Wizards of the Coast 2809:Wizards of the Coast 2666:Wizards of the Coast 2662:"Crafting a Vintage" 2560:Magic: The Gathering 2513:Wizard Entertainment 2481:Magic: The Gathering 2416:Magic: The Gathering 2368:Magic: The Gathering 1472:Magic: The Gathering 1454:Magic: The Gathering 1242:Wizards of the Coast 1238:"Sanctioned Formats" 1104:Švelch, Jan (2016). 1033:Wizards Play Network 702:Magic: The Gathering 386:Magic: The Gathering 249:Magic: The Gathering 129:Wizards Play Network 42:Wizards of the Coast 33:Magic: The Gathering 3248:Theros Beyond Death 3198:Battle for Zendikar 2934:Comprehensive Rules 2672:on October 28, 2021 2487:on January 28, 2022 1315:on November 6, 2015 1110:Analog Game Studies 1061:on January 18, 2022 1035:. November 14, 2022 571:Beginning of combat 331:Triggered abilities 325:Activated abilities 3514:World Championship 3475:Friday Night Magic 3243:Throne of Eldraine 3233:Ravnica Allegiance 2308:"Ixalan Mechanics" 1941:. February 3, 2021 1913:GatheringMagic.com 666: 390: 253: 79:A typical game of 77: 3847: 3846: 3693:Magic Workstation 3598: 3597: 3522: 3521: 3427: 3426: 3318:Wilds of Eldraine 3228:Guilds of Ravnica 3183:Return to Ravnica 3173:Scars of Mirrodin 2919:. pp. 60–61. 2904:. pp. 60–65. 2889:. pp. 26–27. 2874:. pp. 26–27. 2826:. pp. 20–22. 2811:. pp. 14–15. 2541:978-1-78618-067-4 2515:. pp. 38–43. 2075:978-1-4665-6787-0 1768:Popular Mechanics 1639:. October 1, 2021 1146:(1). Spring 2017. 806:COVID-19 pandemic 602:Second main phase 577:Declare attackers 344:Keyword abilities 171:Deck construction 16:(Redirected from 3872: 3837: 3836: 3780:Campaign setting 3560:Richard Garfield 3545: 3463: 3298:Dominaria United 3238:War of the Spark 3045: 2963: 2956: 2949: 2940: 2920: 2905: 2890: 2875: 2860: 2842: 2827: 2812: 2788: 2787: 2785: 2784: 2769: 2760: 2759: 2757: 2756: 2741: 2735: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2713: 2707: 2706: 2704: 2703: 2688: 2682: 2681: 2679: 2677: 2668:. Archived from 2657: 2651: 2650: 2648: 2647: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2623: 2622: 2607: 2598: 2597: 2595: 2593: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2571: 2566:on June 20, 2022 2552: 2546: 2545: 2523: 2517: 2516: 2502: 2496: 2495: 2493: 2492: 2483:. 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No. 37. 2908: 2900:. No. 37. 2893: 2885:. No. 37. 2878: 2870:. No. 36. 2863: 2855:. No. 35. 2847:Rosewater, Mark 2845: 2837:. No. 35. 2830: 2815: 2800: 2797: 2795:Further reading 2792: 2791: 2782: 2780: 2771: 2770: 2763: 2754: 2752: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2728: 2726: 2715: 2714: 2710: 2701: 2699: 2690: 2689: 2685: 2675: 2673: 2659: 2658: 2654: 2645: 2643: 2634: 2633: 2629: 2620: 2618: 2609: 2608: 2601: 2591: 2589: 2583: 2582: 2578: 2569: 2567: 2554: 2553: 2549: 2542: 2525: 2524: 2520: 2511:. No. 49. 2504: 2503: 2499: 2490: 2488: 2474: 2473: 2454: 2445: 2443: 2434: 2433: 2429: 2420: 2418: 2410: 2409: 2405: 2391: 2390: 2381: 2372: 2370: 2361: 2360: 2331: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2305: 2301: 2291: 2290: 2286: 2272: 2271: 2258: 2244: 2243: 2234: 2220: 2219: 2215: 2201: 2200: 2196: 2180: 2179: 2170: 2156: 2155: 2151: 2142: 2140: 2129: 2128: 2121: 2112: 2110: 2099: 2098: 2091: 2076: 2063: 2062: 2058: 2049: 2047: 2038: 2037: 2033: 2024: 2022: 2013: 2012: 2005: 1996: 1994: 1983: 1982: 1978: 1969: 1967: 1958: 1957: 1953: 1944: 1942: 1931: 1930: 1926: 1917: 1915: 1907: 1906: 1902: 1886: 1885: 1876: 1862: 1861: 1857: 1847: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1836: 1827: 1813: 1812: 1808: 1799: 1797: 1786: 1785: 1781: 1772: 1770: 1761: 1760: 1733: 1715: 1714: 1707: 1698: 1696: 1687: 1686: 1651: 1642: 1640: 1629: 1628: 1613: 1604: 1602: 1593: 1592: 1588: 1579: 1577: 1568: 1567: 1563: 1554: 1552: 1543: 1542: 1529: 1520: 1518: 1509: 1508: 1501: 1487: 1486: 1479: 1468:"Modern Format" 1466: 1465: 1461: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1429: 1428: 1424: 1410: 1409: 1405: 1391: 1390: 1386: 1376: 1374: 1363: 1362: 1358: 1349: 1347: 1336: 1335: 1328: 1318: 1316: 1307: 1306: 1302: 1293: 1291: 1280: 1279: 1275: 1261: 1260: 1256: 1246: 1244: 1236: 1235: 1226: 1217: 1215: 1206: 1205: 1201: 1192: 1190: 1181: 1180: 1176: 1167: 1165: 1156: 1155: 1151: 1134: 1133: 1129: 1103: 1102: 1098: 1089: 1087: 1079: 1078: 1074: 1064: 1062: 1053: 1052: 1048: 1038: 1036: 1028: 1024: 1023: 1016: 1007: 1005: 996: 995: 988: 981: 969:. For Dummies. 962: 961: 928: 919: 917: 908: 907: 896: 886: 884: 880: 876: 875: 866: 857: 855: 844: 843: 839: 834: 798: 746:card set. This 744:Revised Edition 729: 710: 688: 658:Revised Edition 642: 637: 612: 604: 563: 554: 523: 512: 507: 470: 458: 442: 433: 424: 411: 402: 378: 366: 352: 346: 318: 313: 242: 229: 227:London Mulligan 205: 200: 179: 173: 114: 108: 65: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3878: 3876: 3868: 3867: 3862: 3852: 3851: 3845: 3844: 3842: 3841: 3830: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3823: 3815: 3813: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3805: 3804: 3803: 3796: 3789: 3777: 3772: 3766: 3764: 3760: 3759: 3757: 3756: 3749: 3742: 3735: 3727: 3725: 3721: 3720: 3718: 3717: 3710: 3703: 3696: 3689: 3681: 3674: 3673: 3672: 3665: 3658: 3651: 3637: 3630: 3623: 3616: 3608: 3606: 3600: 3599: 3596: 3595: 3593: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3570:Mark Rosewater 3567: 3562: 3557: 3551: 3549: 3542: 3541: 3536: 3530: 3528: 3524: 3523: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3516: 3511: 3510: 3509: 3507:List of events 3499: 3494: 3489: 3488: 3487: 3485:List of events 3477: 3471: 3469: 3467:Organized Play 3460: 3459: 3458: 3457: 3447: 3442: 3441:(formerly DCI) 3435: 3433: 3429: 3428: 3425: 3424: 3422: 3421: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3401: 3396: 3395: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3355: 3353: 3349: 3348: 3346: 3345: 3340: 3335: 3330: 3325: 3320: 3315: 3310: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3195: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3084: 3082: 3078: 3077: 3075: 3074: 3069: 3064: 3059: 3051: 3049: 3042: 3036: 3035: 3033: 3032: 3027: 3026: 3025: 3015: 3013:Card advantage 3010: 3005: 3000: 2999: 2998: 2993: 2982: 2980: 2976: 2975: 2968: 2966: 2965: 2958: 2951: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2926: 2925:External links 2923: 2922: 2921: 2906: 2891: 2876: 2861: 2843: 2828: 2822:. No. 4. 2813: 2807:. No. 3. 2796: 2793: 2790: 2789: 2761: 2736: 2708: 2683: 2652: 2627: 2599: 2576: 2547: 2540: 2518: 2497: 2452: 2427: 2403: 2379: 2329: 2311: 2299: 2284: 2256: 2232: 2213: 2194: 2168: 2149: 2119: 2089: 2074: 2056: 2031: 2003: 1976: 1951: 1924: 1900: 1874: 1863:Parlock, Joe. 1855: 1825: 1814:Parlock, Joe. 1806: 1779: 1731: 1705: 1649: 1611: 1586: 1561: 1527: 1499: 1477: 1459: 1441: 1422: 1403: 1384: 1356: 1326: 1300: 1273: 1254: 1224: 1199: 1174: 1149: 1127: 1096: 1072: 1046: 1014: 986: 979: 926: 894: 864: 836: 835: 833: 830: 797: 794: 762:card set. The 753:Fourth Edition 728: 725: 709: 706: 687: 684: 662:Fallen Empires 641: 638: 636: 633: 629: 628: 622: 611: 608: 603: 600: 599: 598: 592: 586: 580: 574: 562: 559: 553: 550: 546: 545: 539: 533: 522: 519: 511: 508: 506: 503: 469: 466: 457: 454: 441: 438: 432: 429: 423: 420: 410: 407: 401: 398: 377: 376:Types of cards 374: 365: 362: 348:Main article: 345: 342: 341: 340: 334: 328: 317: 314: 312: 309: 308: 307: 297: 287: 281: 275: 269: 263: 241: 238: 228: 225: 204: 201: 199: 196: 175:Main article: 172: 169: 110:Main article: 107: 104: 64: 61: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3877: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3857: 3855: 3840: 3832: 3831: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812:Miscellaneous 3810: 3802: 3801: 3797: 3795: 3794: 3790: 3788: 3787: 3783: 3782: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3763:Story-related 3761: 3755: 3754: 3753:The Sideboard 3750: 3748: 3747: 3743: 3741: 3740: 3739:InQuest Gamer 3736: 3734: 3733: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3722: 3716: 3715: 3711: 3709: 3708: 3704: 3702: 3701: 3697: 3695: 3694: 3690: 3687: 3686: 3682: 3680: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3670: 3666: 3664: 3663: 3659: 3657: 3656: 3652: 3650: 3649: 3645: 3644: 3643: 3642: 3638: 3636: 3635: 3631: 3629: 3628: 3627:Battlegrounds 3624: 3622: 3621: 3617: 3615: 3614: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3601: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3565:Randy Buehler 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3555:Peter Adkison 3553: 3552: 3550: 3546: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3531: 3529: 3525: 3515: 3512: 3508: 3505: 3504: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3486: 3483: 3482: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3473: 3472: 3470: 3468: 3464: 3456: 3453: 3452: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3445:Judge Program 3443: 3440: 3437: 3436: 3434: 3430: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3356: 3354: 3350: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3303:Brothers’ War 3301: 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