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Up to the 19th century, there were many rules, technicalities and difficulties in drafting pleadings and claims and defences could be dismissed for trivial errors. As an extreme instance, a learned judge in the 19th century challenged a pleading for putting the year without adding A.D., on the ground
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The Common Law
Procedure Acts of 1852 and 1854 doomed the profession by simplifying pleadings. Their numbers accordingly quickly declined, from 74 in 1850 to 19 in 1860. A few lingered into the beginning of the 20th century.
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The system had largely fallen into disuse as a speciality by the beginning of the 20th century, although it continues to exist in India.
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Some practitioners made it their business to frame pleadings, rather than to appear in court or to write
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153:. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 831–834.
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was a historical legal occupation. The practitioner, or "special pleader" in
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