1274:
31:
3211:
1567:
1007:
3173:
3221:
1019:
68:
3202:
3194:
3186:
1192:
In contrast to stock pollutants, for which the environment has low absorptive capacity, fund pollutants are those for which the environment has a moderate absorptive capacity. Fund pollutants do not cause damage to the environment unless the emission rate exceeds the receiving environment's
1184:, bypassing on the damage that persists well after the benefits received from incurring that damage, have been forgotten. Scientists have officially deemed that the planetary boundaries safe chemical pollutant levels (novel entities) have been surpassed.
1141:. Another way is to group them together according to more specific properties, such as organic, particulate, pharmaceutical, et cetera. The environment has some capacity to absorb many discharges without measurable harm, and this is called “
1273:
1193:
absorptive capacity (e.g. carbon dioxide, which is absorbed by plants and oceans). Fund pollutants are not destroyed, but rather converted into less harmful substances, or diluted/dispersed to non-harmful concentrations.
1094:
A pollutant may cause long- or short-term damage by changing the growth rate of plant or animal species, or by interfering with resources used by humans, human health or wellbeing, or property values. Some pollutants are
1070:
is a substance or energy introduced into the environment that has undesired effects, or adversely affects the usefulness of a resource. These can be both naturally forming (i.e. minerals or extracted compounds like
1306:
The vertical zone refers to whether the damage is ground-level or atmospheric. Surface pollutants cause damage by accumulating near the Earth's surface. Global pollutants cause damage by concentrating on the .
1180:. Stock pollutants accumulate in the environment over time. The damage they cause increases as more pollutant is emitted, and persists as the pollutant accumulates. Stock pollutants can create a burden for the
2922:
787:
3147:
966:
3142:
961:
1298:
The horizontal zone refers to the area that is damaged by a pollutant. Local pollutants cause damage near the emission source. Regional pollutants cause damage further from the emission source.
41:, from a farm field in Iowa, the United States during a rainstorm. Topsoil, as well as farm fertilizers and other potential pollutants, runoff unprotected farm fields when heavy rains occur.
1487:
1412:
1205:
1786:
3160:
971:
2855:
1847:
1419:(PRTR) are systems to collect and disseminate information on environmental releases and transfers of toxic chemicals from industrial and other facilities.
1049:
737:
1736:
1829:
3094:
1416:
1540:
1451:
1401:
3137:
956:
2425:
2237:
1428:
1376:
230:
3197:
2390:
2283:
1953:
1324:
1317:
357:
277:
3155:
3132:
2311:
1971:
1903:
951:
865:
307:
2944:
2830:
2324:
2319:
1415:, which entered into force in 2004, is an international legally binding agreement for the control of persistent organic pollutants.
807:
712:
3124:
1360:
1104:
3205:
2870:
2607:
1997:
1522:
1455:
1431:
is a type of PRTR providing access to information on the annual emissions of industrial facilities in the Member States of the
1334:
1233:
1112:
1042:
752:
515:
97:
1506:
1108:
3180:
2485:
1447:
1133:
Pollutants can be categorized in a variety of different ways. For example, it is sometimes useful to distinguish between
987:
437:
2656:
2405:
2385:
2137:
1586:
1227:
1162:
525:
377:
352:
147:
1688:
2019): “As long as the assimilative capacity of the environment is not reached, discharges will not lead to pollution.”
2761:
2415:
636:
387:
1411:
Pollutants can cross international borders and therefore international regulations are needed for their control. The
1103:
in the long term. However, the degradation products of some pollutants are themselves polluting such as the products
3089:
3012:
2420:
2250:
2080:
1914:
1890:
1255:
1035:
392:
242:
2892:
2850:
2812:
2377:
2171:
1591:
1239:
1100:
767:
732:
692:
345:
312:
162:
38:
2887:
2410:
2351:
2262:
1552:
1352:. Risk assessment is nowadays considered essential for making these decisions on a scientifically sound basis.
1166:
762:
382:
317:
254:
1728:
3099:
2865:
2395:
1946:
1533:
for individual water bodies to provide additional protection where the national standards are insufficient.
1145:(or absorptive capacity); a pollutant actually causes pollution when the assimilative capacity is exceeded.
1088:
1072:
792:
747:
367:
3058:
2448:
1580:
930:
417:
1622:
Persson L, Carney
Almroth BM, Collins CD, Cornell S, de Wit CA, Diamond ML, et al. (February 2022).
3028:
2860:
2736:
2644:
2334:
2227:
2027:
1544:
1221:
1142:
900:
742:
608:
520:
217:
3189:
2835:
2490:
2186:
1635:
1122:
1076:
442:
175:
1750:
3249:
3244:
2902:
2840:
2807:
2746:
2678:
2543:
2538:
2516:
2090:
1517:
1349:
1254:
is the impact that anthropogenic light has on the visibility of the night sky. It also encompasses
1154:
777:
722:
687:
613:
540:
490:
485:
470:
127:
3254:
3215:
3176:
3109:
3084:
3079:
2897:
2774:
2568:
2440:
2204:
2075:
2002:
1939:
1685:
1572:
1467:
1338:
1217:
1181:
1011:
772:
648:
410:
192:
132:
102:
49:
30:
3104:
2964:
2784:
2693:
2661:
2578:
2531:
2458:
2430:
2199:
2194:
1992:
1680:
1661:
1290:
Pollutants can also be defined by their zones of influence, both horizontally and vertically.
1173:
660:
583:
576:
530:
397:
187:
182:
92:
3210:
3048:
2949:
2907:
2875:
2769:
2723:
2683:
2590:
2558:
2526:
2511:
2495:
2470:
2255:
2209:
1651:
1643:
1566:
1501:
1259:
1006:
920:
817:
757:
643:
596:
545:
505:
480:
465:
447:
422:
362:
247:
197:
2912:
2822:
2788:
2673:
2627:
2553:
2480:
2400:
2303:
2245:
2100:
1811:
1709:
1548:
1530:
1497:
1471:
1328:
1251:
705:
665:
535:
500:
432:
372:
300:
237:
137:
1639:
3225:
2959:
2845:
2802:
2796:
2792:
2637:
2622:
2573:
2563:
2475:
2329:
2085:
2056:
1656:
1623:
1479:
1432:
1341:
new chemicals, the regulation of which requires evaluation of the potential danger for
1023:
827:
727:
682:
675:
670:
427:
122:
34:
1125:
perspective, human society has released novel entities that well exceed safe levels.
3238:
2979:
2880:
2666:
2595:
2367:
2115:
1979:
1170:
1096:
842:
332:
327:
322:
80:
3000:
2974:
2954:
2778:
2741:
2705:
2341:
2288:
2164:
2120:
2105:
2034:
1923:
1899:
1525:, and currently cover over 50 industrial categories. In addition, the Act requires
1475:
1459:
1177:
875:
837:
822:
653:
618:
563:
282:
142:
1907:
1877:
1850:
2937:
2932:
2617:
2612:
2583:
2548:
2521:
2051:
1526:
1490:
are additional emission standards that are set by EPA for toxic air pollutants.
797:
495:
475:
112:
1624:"Outside the Safe Operating Space of the Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities"
3114:
2731:
2046:
2039:
2022:
2007:
1562:
1080:
847:
603:
107:
1773:
3043:
2969:
2917:
2751:
2713:
2463:
2453:
2125:
1987:
1962:
1647:
1596:
1267:
1211:
1118:
1084:
915:
832:
782:
717:
623:
87:
67:
57:
1665:
17:
2688:
2632:
2293:
2142:
2110:
1263:
1121:
has widespread negative impacts on the environment. When analyzed from a
287:
1458:(EPA) for six common air pollutants, also called "criteria pollutants":
2649:
2152:
2130:
2017:
2012:
1278:
3053:
3033:
2927:
2602:
2095:
1818:. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2016.
1729:"Democrats Designed the Climate Law to Be a Game Changer. Here's How"
1345:
925:
905:
812:
802:
510:
3063:
3005:
2346:
2278:
2176:
2068:
1342:
1272:
935:
880:
272:
3038:
2159:
2147:
2063:
1483:
1463:
910:
157:
152:
117:
1935:
1787:"The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR)"
1931:
1543:(RCRA) regulates the management, transport and disposal of
1830:"National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants"
1863:
1515:
National standards for industrial dischargers are called
1488:
National
Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
1201:
Many pollutants are within the following notable groups:
1924:
98–616: Hazardous and Solid Waste
Amendments of 1984
1900:
1712:(2006). "Chapter 15: Economics of Pollution Control".
1413:
Stockholm
Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
3123:
3072:
3021:
2988:
2821:
2760:
2722:
2704:
2504:
2439:
2376:
2302:
2271:
2236:
2220:
2185:
1978:
1500:, EPA promulgated national standards for municipal
1091:high enough to have significant negative impacts.
1087:or become public health concerns when they reach a
1915:
1891:
1206:Environmental persistent pharmaceutical pollutants
1153:Pollutants, towards which the environment has low
1129:Different types of pollutants in the environment
1751:"Light Pollution | National Geographic Society"
27:Substance or energy damaging to the environment
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1947:
1043:
8:
1714:Environmental and Natural Resource Economics
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1079:in origin (i.e. manufactured materials or
1954:
1940:
1932:
1050:
1036:
940:
66:
44:
1655:
1417:Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers
29:
3095:Pollutant release and transfer register
1842:EPA. "Secondary Treatment Regulation."
1607:
1277:The night sky viewed from Luhasoo bog,
979:
943:
56:
1628:Environmental Science & Technology
1541:Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
1452:National Ambient Air Quality Standards
1402:Regulation and monitoring of pollution
1281:with light pollution in the background
1099:and therefore will not persist in the
7:
3185:
2426:Electromagnetic radiation and health
1739:from the original on 23 August 2022.
1429:European Pollutant Emission Register
1377:lowest-observed-adverse-effect level
1355:Measures or defined limits include:
3201:
3193:
2284:Radium and radon in the environment
1325:Measures of pollutant concentration
1318:Measures of pollutant concentration
278:Radium and radon in the environment
1920:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
1896:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
1384:acceptable operator exposure level
25:
1878:"Standards for Water Body Health"
1727:Friedman, Lisa (22 August 2022).
1111:produced from the degradation of
3219:
3209:
3200:
3192:
3184:
3172:
3171:
1755:education.nationalgeographic.org
1716:(7th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
1565:
1523:New Source Performance Standards
1370:no-observed-effect concentration
1361:no-observed-adverse-effect level
1329:risk assessment in public health
1316:This section is an excerpt from
1234:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
1017:
1005:
1998:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
1513:Secondary Treatment Regulation.
1456:Environmental Protection Agency
98:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
1507:publicly owned treatment works
1258:which describes the effect of
967:Least polluted cities by PM2.5
1:
2486:Electrical resistance heating
1913:October 21, 1976. Amended by
1454:(NAAQS) are developed by the
1228:Persistent organic pollutants
1197:Specific groups of pollutants
1163:persistent organic pollutants
438:Electrical resistance heating
2138:Persistent organic pollutant
1844:Code of Federal Regulations,
1587:List of environmental issues
148:Persistent organic pollutant
72:Air pollution from a factory
3148:Least polluted cities by PM
1521:(for existing sources) and
3271:
3090:Pollution haven hypothesis
3013:Brain health and pollution
2251:Ecological light pollution
2081:Internal combustion engine
1776:Retrieved on June 19, 2009
1774:thefreedictionary.com/AOEL
1494:Clean Water Act standards.
1399:
1315:
1256:ecological light pollution
1240:Volatile organic compounds
3169:
2893:Nonpoint source pollution
2813:War and environmental law
2172:Volatile organic compound
1969:
1592:Pollutant Standards Index
1553:underground storage tanks
693:War and environmental law
313:Health effects from noise
163:Volatile organic compound
39:nonpoint source pollution
2352:Marine mammals and sonar
2263:Radio spectrum pollution
1791:environment.ec.europa.eu
1444:Clean Air Act standards.
1266:and on the structure of
1083:). Pollutants result in
318:Marine mammals and sonar
3198:WikiProject Environment
3156:Most polluted countries
3100:Polluter pays principle
2831:Agricultural wastewater
1816:Criteria Air Pollutants
1681:PE Environmental Review
1648:10.1021/acs.est.1c04158
1531:water quality standards
1366:no-effect concentration
1311:Measuring concentration
1085:environmental pollution
793:Freshwater salinization
713:Agricultural wastewater
3216:Environment portal
2449:Agricultural pollution
1583:- U.S. Clean Water Act
1581:Conventional pollutant
1327:are used to determine
1282:
1012:Environment portal
42:
2871:Industrial wastewater
2737:Clutter (advertising)
2645:Municipal solid waste
2491:Soil guideline values
2335:Sustainable transport
2228:Information pollution
2028:Open burning of waste
1864:"Effluent Guidelines"
1545:municipal solid waste
1435:, as well as Norway.
1364:(NOAEL), also called
1276:
1143:assimilative capacity
753:Industrial wastewater
521:Municipal solid waste
443:Soil guideline values
33:
3143:Most polluted cities
2836:Biological pollution
2747:Overhead power lines
1678:Lindeburg, Michael.
1504:plants, also called
1389:ECx (in percentage).
1123:planetary boundaries
962:Most polluted cities
614:Overhead power lines
3206:WikiProject Ecology
2903:Ocean acidification
2808:Unexploded ordnance
2679:Post-consumer waste
2539:Foam food container
2517:Biodegradable waste
2091:Global distillation
1926:, November 8, 1984.
1640:2022EnST...56.1510P
1518:Effluent guidelines
1372:(NOEC) or similarly
1161:. Examples include
1155:absorptive capacity
778:Ocean acidification
688:Unexploded ordnance
609:Advertising clutter
541:Post-consumer waste
486:Foam food container
471:Biodegradable waste
128:Global distillation
3226:Ecology portal
3110:Waste minimisation
3085:Industrial ecology
3080:Cleaner production
2898:Nutrient pollution
2775:Herbicidal warfare
2569:Construction waste
2205:Introduced species
2076:Indoor air quality
2003:Chlorofluorocarbon
1880:. EPA. 2018-02-28.
1866:. EPA. 2018-02-28.
1832:. EPA. 2018-01-25.
1733:The New York Times
1686:Simon and Schuster
1573:Environment portal
1468:ground-level ozone
1286:Zones of influence
1283:
1218:Particulate matter
1182:future generations
1024:Ecology portal
649:Herbicidal warfare
193:Introduced species
133:Indoor air quality
103:Chlorofluorocarbon
43:
3232:
3231:
3105:Pollution control
2785:Nuclear holocaust
2694:Thermal treatment
2662:Plastic pollution
2579:Mercury poisoning
2532:Battery recycling
2431:Radioactive waste
2200:Genetic pollution
2195:Biological hazard
1993:Air quality index
1060:
1059:
995:
994:
661:Nuclear holocaust
584:Urban heat island
398:Radioactive waste
183:Biological hazard
93:Air quality index
16:(Redirected from
3262:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3214:
3213:
3204:
3203:
3196:
3195:
3188:
3187:
3175:
3174:
3049:Legacy pollution
2908:Oil exploitation
2770:Chemical warfare
2684:Waste management
2591:Industrial waste
2559:Biomedical waste
2527:Electronic waste
2512:Advertising mail
2496:Phytoremediation
2471:Land degradation
2256:Overillumination
2210:Invasive species
1956:
1949:
1942:
1933:
1927:
1921:
1917:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1783:
1777:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1706:
1689:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1659:
1634:(3): 1510–1521.
1619:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1502:sewage treatment
1260:artificial light
1212:Greenhouse gases
1159:stock pollutants
1149:Stock pollutants
1135:stock pollutants
1052:
1045:
1038:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1010:
1009:
941:
644:Chemical warfare
546:Waste management
506:Industrial waste
481:Electronic waste
466:Advertising mail
448:Phytoremediation
423:Land degradation
363:Depleted uranium
248:Overillumination
198:Invasive species
70:
60:
45:
21:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3220:
3218:
3208:
3165:
3151:
3119:
3068:
3017:
2984:
2923:Pharmaceuticals
2913:Oil exploration
2817:
2789:Nuclear fallout
2756:
2718:
2700:
2674:Packaging waste
2628:Deep sea mining
2554:Hazardous waste
2500:
2481:Open defecation
2435:
2401:Nuclear fallout
2396:Nuclear fission
2372:
2298:
2267:
2238:Electromagnetic
2232:
2216:
2181:
2101:Ozone depletion
1974:
1965:
1960:
1930:
1919:
1895:
1889:
1885:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1796:
1794:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1772:
1768:
1759:
1757:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1708:
1707:
1692:
1677:
1673:
1621:
1620:
1609:
1605:
1571:
1564:
1561:
1549:hazardous waste
1537:RCRA standards.
1498:Clean Water Act
1480:nitrogen oxides
1472:carbon monoxide
1441:
1425:
1409:
1404:
1398:
1393:
1392:
1337:is continually
1321:
1313:
1304:
1296:
1294:Horizontal zone
1288:
1252:Light pollution
1249:
1247:Light pollutant
1199:
1190:
1188:Fund pollutants
1151:
1139:fund pollutants
1131:
1056:
1018:
1016:
1004:
997:
996:
896:
888:
887:
861:
853:
852:
788:Pharmaceuticals
768:Nonpoint source
708:
698:
697:
666:Nuclear fallout
639:
629:
628:
599:
589:
588:
579:
569:
568:
559:
551:
550:
536:Packaging waste
501:Hazardous waste
461:
453:
452:
413:
403:
402:
373:Nuclear fallout
368:Nuclear fission
348:
338:
337:
303:
293:
292:
268:
260:
259:
233:
231:Electromagnetic
223:
222:
213:
205:
204:
178:
168:
167:
138:Ozone depletion
83:
73:
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3268:
3266:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3237:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3140:
3138:Law by country
3135:
3129:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3009:
3008:
3003:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2960:Surface runoff
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2846:Eutrophication
2843:
2838:
2833:
2827:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2803:Scorched earth
2800:
2797:nuclear winter
2793:nuclear famine
2782:
2772:
2766:
2764:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2710:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2659:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2638:Uranium mining
2635:
2630:
2625:
2623:Surface mining
2620:
2615:
2605:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2574:Lead poisoning
2571:
2566:
2564:Chemical waste
2561:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2476:Bioremediation
2473:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2445:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2391:Bioremediation
2388:
2382:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2344:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:Transportation
2308:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2275:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2253:
2242:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2157:
2156:
2155:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2086:Global dimming
2083:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2057:Diesel exhaust
2049:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1951:
1944:
1936:
1929:
1928:
1904:42 U.S.C.
1883:
1869:
1855:
1835:
1821:
1803:
1778:
1766:
1742:
1719:
1690:
1671:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1577:
1576:
1560:
1557:
1440:
1437:
1433:European Union
1424:
1423:European Union
1421:
1408:
1405:
1400:Main article:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1381:
1373:
1322:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1262:on individual
1248:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1215:
1209:
1198:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1150:
1147:
1130:
1127:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1014:
999:
998:
993:
992:
991:
990:
982:
981:
977:
976:
975:
974:
969:
964:
959:
957:Law by country
954:
946:
945:
939:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
897:
894:
893:
890:
889:
886:
885:
884:
883:
878:
868:
862:
859:
858:
855:
854:
851:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
828:Surface runoff
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
728:Eutrophication
725:
720:
715:
709:
704:
703:
700:
699:
696:
695:
690:
685:
683:Scorched earth
680:
679:
678:
676:Nuclear winter
673:
671:Nuclear famine
668:
658:
657:
656:
646:
640:
635:
634:
631:
630:
627:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
600:
595:
594:
591:
590:
587:
586:
580:
575:
574:
571:
570:
567:
566:
560:
557:
556:
553:
552:
549:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
462:
459:
458:
455:
454:
451:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
428:Bioremediation
425:
420:
414:
409:
408:
405:
404:
401:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
358:Bioremediation
355:
349:
344:
343:
340:
339:
336:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
308:Transportation
304:
299:
298:
295:
294:
291:
290:
285:
280:
275:
269:
266:
265:
262:
261:
258:
257:
255:Radio spectrum
252:
251:
250:
245:
234:
229:
228:
225:
224:
221:
220:
214:
211:
210:
207:
206:
203:
202:
201:
200:
190:
185:
179:
174:
173:
170:
169:
166:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
123:Global dimming
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
84:
79:
78:
75:
74:
71:
63:
62:
54:
53:
37:, also called
35:Surface runoff
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3267:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3227:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3199:
3191:
3182:
3178:
3168:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3122:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2981:
2980:Water quality
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2742:Traffic signs
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2667:Microplastics
2665:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2657:Nanomaterials
2655:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2596:Lead smelting
2594:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2416:Radioactivity
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2369:
2368:Noise control
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2116:Metal working
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1964:
1957:
1952:
1950:
1945:
1943:
1938:
1937:
1934:
1925:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1894:
1887:
1884:
1879:
1873:
1870:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1812:"NAAQS Table"
1807:
1804:
1792:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1767:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1723:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1510:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1476:sulfur oxides
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1448:Clean Air Act
1445:
1439:United States
1438:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1407:International
1406:
1403:
1395:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1310:
1308:
1302:Vertical zone
1301:
1299:
1293:
1291:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1270:as a whole.
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1196:
1194:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1171:biodegradable
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1097:biodegradable
1092:
1090:
1089:concentration
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:anthropogenic
1074:
1069:
1065:
1053:
1048:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1015:
1013:
1008:
1003:
1002:
1001:
1000:
989:
986:
985:
984:
983:
978:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
948:
947:
942:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
892:
891:
882:
879:
877:
874:
873:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
857:
856:
849:
846:
844:
843:Water quality
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
710:
707:
702:
701:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
663:
662:
659:
655:
652:
651:
650:
647:
645:
642:
641:
638:
633:
632:
625:
622:
620:
619:Traffic signs
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
601:
598:
593:
592:
585:
582:
581:
578:
573:
572:
565:
562:
561:
555:
554:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
526:Nanomaterials
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
463:
457:
456:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
415:
412:
407:
406:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
388:Radioactivity
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
350:
347:
342:
341:
334:
333:Soundproofing
331:
329:
328:Noise control
326:
324:
323:Noise barrier
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
305:
302:
297:
296:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
270:
264:
263:
256:
253:
249:
246:
244:
241:
240:
239:
236:
235:
232:
227:
226:
219:
216:
215:
209:
208:
199:
196:
195:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
180:
177:
172:
171:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
85:
82:
77:
76:
69:
65:
64:
61:
55:
51:
47:
46:
40:
36:
32:
19:
3059:Point source
3001:Heavy metals
2995:
2975:Urban runoff
2955:Sulfur water
2933:Septic tanks
2779:Agent Orange
2633:Mining waste
2459:Manure waste
2289:Volcanic ash
2165:Black carbon
2121:Oil refining
2106:Particulates
2035:Construction
1910:
1886:
1872:
1858:
1843:
1838:
1824:
1815:
1806:
1795:. Retrieved
1793:. 2023-09-28
1790:
1781:
1769:
1758:. Retrieved
1754:
1745:
1732:
1722:
1713:
1710:Tietenberg T
1679:
1674:
1631:
1627:
1536:
1535:
1516:
1512:
1505:
1493:
1492:
1460:particulates
1443:
1442:
1426:
1410:
1383:
1375:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1354:
1339:synthesizing
1333:
1323:
1305:
1297:
1289:
1250:
1200:
1191:
1178:heavy metals
1158:
1152:
1138:
1134:
1132:
1117:
1093:
1068:novel entity
1067:
1063:
1061:
931:Point source
876:Heavy metals
870:
838:Urban runoff
823:Sulfur water
798:Septic tanks
654:Agent Orange
564:Space debris
418:Agricultural
283:Volcanic ash
143:Particulates
3029:Area source
2938:Pit latrine
2861:Groundwater
2618:Gold mining
2613:Coal mining
2584:Toxic waste
2549:Green waste
2522:Brown waste
2505:Solid waste
2052:Exhaust gas
1908:§ 6901
1848:40 CFR
1529:to publish
1350:environment
1157:are called
1101:environment
901:Area source
743:Groundwater
496:Green waste
476:Brown waste
460:Solid waste
218:Information
113:Exhaust gas
3250:Toxicology
3245:Pollutants
3239:Categories
3181:by country
3177:Categories
3115:Zero waste
2996:Pollutants
2950:Stagnation
2888:Monitoring
2856:Freshwater
2732:Air travel
2544:Food waste
2464:Pesticides
2454:Herbicides
2358:Industrial
2187:Biological
2047:Demolition
2040:Renovation
2023:Joss paper
2008:Combustion
1797:2023-11-03
1760:2022-09-02
1684:, p. 395 (
1603:References
1496:Under the
1446:Under the
1396:Regulation
1268:ecosystems
1081:byproducts
988:By country
980:Categories
871:Pollutants
848:Wastewater
818:Stagnation
763:Monitoring
738:Freshwater
604:Air travel
491:Food waste
433:Defecation
243:Ecological
176:Biological
108:Combustion
48:Part of a
18:Pollutants
3255:Pollution
3073:Responses
3044:Garbology
2970:Turbidity
2918:Oil spill
2851:Firewater
2752:Vandalism
2714:Satellite
2411:Poisoning
2406:Plutonium
2386:Actinides
2378:Radiation
2126:Wood dust
1988:Acid rain
1963:Pollution
1597:Pollution
1264:organisms
1119:Pollution
1064:pollutant
916:Garbology
833:Turbidity
783:Oil spill
733:Firewater
718:Biosolids
624:Vandalism
383:Poisoning
378:Plutonium
353:Actinides
346:Radiation
88:Acid rain
59:Pollution
3161:Treaties
3133:Diseases
2945:Shipping
2841:Diseases
2689:Landfill
2364:Abstract
2361:Military
2294:Wildfire
2143:Smelting
2111:Asbestos
1737:Archived
1666:35038861
1559:See also
1368:(NEC),
1348:and the
1335:Industry
1174:plastics
972:Treaties
952:Diseases
808:Shipping
773:Nutrient
723:Diseases
288:Wildfire
3190:Commons
2965:Thermal
2866:Hypoxia
2650:Garbage
2421:Uranium
2272:Natural
2221:Digital
2153:Aerosol
2131:Welding
2018:Biomass
2013:Biofuel
1972:History
1916:Pub. L.
1911:et seq.
1892:Pub. L.
1657:8811958
1636:Bibcode
1511:in the
1380:(LOAEL)
1279:Estonia
866:History
748:Hypoxia
577:Thermal
531:Plastic
393:Uranium
267:Natural
212:Digital
188:Genetic
3054:Midden
3034:Debris
2989:Topics
2928:Sewage
2881:debris
2876:Marine
2724:Visual
2608:Mining
2603:Litter
2096:Mining
1922:
1906:
1898:
1664:
1654:
1527:states
1486:. The
1482:; and
1450:, the
1386:(AOEL)
1346:health
1242:(VOCs)
1236:(PAHs)
1230:(POPs)
1214:(GHGs)
1208:(EPPP)
1169:, non-
926:Midden
921:Legacy
906:Debris
860:Topics
813:Sludge
803:Sewage
758:Marine
597:Visual
516:Mining
511:Litter
50:series
3125:Lists
3064:Waste
3006:Paint
2823:Water
2706:Space
2347:Sonar
2342:Urban
2320:Water
2304:Noise
2279:Ozone
2246:Light
2177:Waste
2069:Smoke
1466:and
1343:human
1165:like
1075:) or
944:Lists
936:Waste
881:Paint
706:Water
558:Space
301:Noise
273:Ozone
238:Light
3039:Dust
3022:Misc
2441:Soil
2330:Rail
2316:Land
2160:Soot
2148:Smog
2064:Haze
1662:PMID
1551:and
1539:The
1484:lead
1464:smog
1427:The
1176:and
1167:PCBs
1137:and
1107:and
911:Dust
895:Misc
411:Soil
158:Soot
153:Smog
118:Haze
3150:2.5
2762:War
2325:Air
1980:Air
1851:133
1652:PMC
1644:doi
1113:DDT
1109:DDD
1105:DDE
1073:oil
1066:or
637:War
81:Air
3241::
3183:)
2795:-
2791:-
1902:,
1814:.
1789:.
1753:.
1735:.
1731:.
1693:^
1660:.
1650:.
1642:.
1632:56
1630:.
1626:.
1610:^
1555:.
1547:,
1478:;
1474:;
1470:;
1462:;
1331:.
1222:PM
1115:.
1062:A
52:on
3179:(
2799:)
2787:(
2781:)
2777:(
1955:e
1948:t
1941:v
1800:.
1763:.
1668:.
1646::
1638::
1509:,
1320:.
1224:)
1220:(
1051:e
1044:t
1037:v
20:)
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