288:
514:
72:
404:) holding a torch or a candle before an officiating bishop during the divine service; usually he goes ahead in different pontifical processions, which may be an explanation for the choice of this word (the second part of which in this case corresponds not to "wax (of a tablet)" but to "candle wax").
287:
362:, controlling the lower clerics and directing the liturgical functions and chant. The primicerius thus became a special dignitary of many chapters by a gradual development from the position of the old primicerius of the
117:), in charge of the emperor's bedchamber, almost always a eunuch. The title was also given to court officials in combination with other offices connected to the imperial person, such as the special treasury (
558:
342:
treats of the obligations of the primicerius of the lower clerics in his "Epistola ad
Ludefredum". From this position the primicerius also derived certain powers in the direction of liturgical functions.
430:
551:
544:
334:(from the fifth or sixth century), the directors of these schools were also given this title. Thus, an inscription of the year 551 from Lyon mentions a
176:. They are best attested in units associated with the imperial court, chiefly imperial guards. Thus in the 4th to 6th centuries there were the
567:
524:
1252:
1242:
1237:
493:
468:
1247:
1095:
459:
330:
When young clerics were assembled in schools for training in the ecclesiastical service in the different districts of the
908:
1144:
1131:
1118:
71:
346:
In the regulation of the common life of the clergy in collegiate and cathedral churches, according to the Rule of
1165:
733:
52:
to the heads of administrative departments, and also used by the Church to denote the heads of various colleges.
852:
803:
747:
740:
992:
796:
719:
389:
374:
536:
943:
894:
705:
505:
1037:
985:
929:
922:
768:
529:
316:
182:
292:
1151:
1106:
761:
584:
311:
206:
63:, the first name in a list of a class of officials, which was usually inscribed on a waxed tablet.
901:
339:
272:
264:
81:
45:
1158:
1186:
263:("Grand Primicerius") was established, which ranked very high in court hierarchy well into the
464:
454:
351:
324:
188:
726:
640:
612:
499:
397:
49:
1077:
1066:
1055:
1044:
964:
915:
887:
838:
831:
817:
782:
647:
619:
159:
1030:
971:
754:
697:
689:
605:
598:
571:
331:
320:
300:
276:
229:
37:
385:
in the Church bureaucracy, but also for the chief lectors, cantors, etc. of a church.
1231:
1193:
1101:
1090:
1010:
999:
978:
775:
668:
591:
518:
359:
220:), as well as in some regular military units. In the later Byzantine era, under the
866:
824:
682:
633:
1172:
859:
712:
661:
246:
240:
234:
1206:
1138:
1125:
1112:
1023:
1016:
936:
873:
626:
355:
347:
251:
125:
27:
880:
675:
401:
336:"Stephanus primicerius scolae lectorum servientium in ecclesia Lugdunensi"
1213:
1179:
1083:
957:
950:
789:
487:
305:
221:
168:
139:
90:
845:
119:
463:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 1719–1720.
434:. Vol. Supplementband VIII, Achaios–Valerius. pp. 614–624.
214:
are also to be found in the staffs of regional military commanders (
517: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
286:
70:
17:
315:, which occupied an important place in the administration of the
540:
216:
354:, the primicerius appears as the first capitular after the
271:
continue to be in evidence in the
Byzantine Empire and the
377:, the title was used for the heads of the colleges of the
490:, "Inscriptions chrétiennes de la Gaule", I, 142, n. 45
431:
303:use the term was given to heads of the colleges of
267:, where he functioned as a chief of ceremonies.
101:in Greek, from the 12th century usually spelled
396:) is reserved for a junior cleric (sometimes a
508:, "Epistola ad Ludefredum", P.L., LXXXIII, 896
552:
291:Medal depicting Alvise Diedo, primicerius of
8:
1197:of the cities according to their importance
559:
545:
537:
257:In the late 11th century, the dignity of
137:(departments) of the palace, chiefly the
428:Ensslin, Wilhelm (1956). "Primicerius".
413:
204:, where under the jurisdiction of the
89:From their origin in the court of the
75:The items of office of the late Roman
449:
447:
445:
443:
441:
196:in charge of the armament factories (
55:Etymologically the term derives from
7:
533:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
423:
421:
419:
417:
523:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "
460:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
14:
568:Order of Byzantine palace offices
494:Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange
512:
502:, "Hist. Francorum", II, xxxvii
105:). In the court, there was the
44:), was a title applied in the
1:
457:, ed. (1991). "Primikerios".
804:Megas droungarios tou stolou
748:Megas droungarios tes vigles
228:appear as commanders in the
123:) or the imperial wardrobe (
909:Logothetes tou stratiotikou
1269:
107:primicerius sacri cubiculi
1253:Late Roman military ranks
579:
166:was a rank junior to the
41:
1243:Byzantine palace offices
1238:Ancient Roman government
853:Logothetes ton oikeiakon
392:, the word primicerius (
275:until their fall to the
109:(in Byzantine times the
993:Domestikos ton teicheon
720:Domestikos tes trapezes
390:Russian Orthodox Church
388:In modern usage of the
375:Eastern Orthodox Church
155:in Byzantine sources).
811:Primmikerios tes aules
797:Domestikos ton scholon
706:Logothetes tou genikou
506:St. Isidore of Seville
296:
145:primicerius notariorum
86:
77:primicerius notariorum
1248:Ecclesiastical titles
1038:Logariastes tes aules
923:Logothetes ton agelon
769:Logothetes tou dromou
648:Megas stratopedarches
530:Catholic Encyclopedia
290:
183:protectores domestici
93:, there were several
79:, as depicted in the
74:
1107:Palace of Blachernae
944:Krites tou phossatou
762:Megas chartoullarios
755:Megas hetaireiarches
350:and the statutes of
951:Archon tou allagiou
207:magister officiorum
200:), which, like the
133:headed some of the
1207:Epi tou kanikleiou
986:Epi ton anamneseon
930:Megas diermeneutes
902:Megas adnoumiastes
655:Megas primmikerios
455:Kazhdan, Alexander
340:Isidore of Seville
297:
293:St Mark's Basilica
283:Ecclesiastical use
273:Despotate of Morea
265:Palaiologan period
172:and senior to the
87:
82:Notitia Dignitatum
67:Civil and military
59:, which is to say
46:later Roman Empire
1225:
1224:
860:Megas logariastes
846:Praitor tou demou
662:Megas konostaulos
352:Amalarius of Metz
325:Early Middle Ages
260:megas primikērios
189:Scholae Palatinae
1260:
727:Epi tes trapezes
713:Protovestiarites
641:Megas logothetes
613:Panhypersebastos
606:Megas domestikos
561:
554:
547:
538:
534:
516:
515:
500:Gregory of Tours
475:
474:
451:
436:
435:
425:
230:palace regiments
61:in tabula cerata
50:Byzantine Empire
43:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1152:Megas myrtaïtes
1142:of the western
1129:of the eastern
1078:Stratopedarches
1067:Stratopedarches
1056:Stratopedarches
1045:Stratopedarches
965:Megas dioiketes
916:Protoierakarios
888:Epi ton deeseon
839:Megas tzaousios
832:Tatas tes aules
818:Protospatharios
783:Epi tou stratou
620:Protovestiarios
575:
565:
522:
513:
484:
479:
478:
471:
453:
452:
439:
427:
426:
415:
410:
285:
160:Late Roman army
69:
12:
11:
5:
1266:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1214:Megas baïoulos
1210:
1199:
1198:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1135:
1122:
1109:
1098:
1087:
1074:
1063:
1052:
1041:
1034:
1031:Hetaireiarches
1027:
1020:
1007:
996:
989:
982:
975:
972:Orphanotrophos
968:
961:
954:
947:
940:
933:
926:
919:
912:
905:
898:
891:
884:
877:
870:
863:
856:
849:
842:
835:
828:
821:
814:
807:
800:
793:
786:
779:
772:
765:
758:
751:
744:
737:
730:
723:
716:
709:
702:
698:Parakoimomenos
694:
692:tes sphendones
690:Parakoimomenos
686:
679:
672:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
602:
595:
588:
580:
577:
576:
572:pseudo-Kodinos
566:
564:
563:
556:
549:
541:
510:
509:
503:
497:
496:, "Glossarium"
491:
483:
480:
477:
476:
469:
437:
412:
411:
409:
406:
364:scola cantorum
332:Western Church
321:Late Antiquity
301:ecclesiastical
284:
281:
68:
65:
57:primus in cera
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1265:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1202:unknown rank
1201:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1194:Prokathemenoi
1191:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1102:Prokathemenos
1099:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1091:Prokathemenos
1088:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1011:Prokathemenos
1008:
1006:
1002:
1001:
1000:Prokathemenos
997:
995:
994:
990:
988:
987:
983:
981:
980:
979:Protonotarios
976:
974:
973:
969:
967:
966:
962:
960:
959:
958:Protallagator
955:
953:
952:
948:
946:
945:
941:
939:
938:
934:
932:
931:
927:
925:
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836:
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806:
805:
801:
799:
798:
794:
792:
791:
787:
785:
784:
780:
778:
777:
776:Protasekretis
773:
771:
770:
766:
764:
763:
759:
757:
756:
752:
750:
749:
745:
743:
742:
738:
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695:
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680:
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671:
670:
669:Protosebastos
666:
664:
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659:
657:
656:
652:
650:
649:
645:
643:
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638:
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622:
621:
617:
615:
614:
610:
608:
607:
603:
601:
600:
596:
594:
593:
592:Sebastokrator
589:
587:
586:
582:
581:
578:
573:
569:
562:
557:
555:
550:
548:
543:
542:
539:
535:
532:
531:
526:
520:
519:public domain
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
485:
481:
472:
470:0-19-504652-8
466:
462:
461:
456:
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448:
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438:
433:
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420:
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414:
407:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
360:archpresbyter
357:
353:
349:
344:
341:
337:
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
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308:
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62:
58:
53:
51:
47:
39:
35:
34:
29:
25:
24:
19:
1212:
1205:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1137:
1130:
1124:
1117:
1111:
1100:
1096:Great Palace
1089:
1082:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1061:tzangratores
1060:
1054:
1050:monokaballoi
1049:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1015:
1009:
1004:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
963:
956:
949:
942:
935:
928:
921:
914:
907:
900:
893:
886:
879:
872:
867:Protokynegos
865:
858:
851:
844:
837:
830:
825:Megas archon
823:
816:
810:
809:
802:
795:
788:
781:
774:
767:
760:
753:
746:
739:
734:Megas papias
732:
725:
718:
711:
704:
700:tou koitonos
696:
688:
683:Kouropalates
681:
674:
667:
660:
654:
653:
646:
639:
634:Protostrator
632:
625:
618:
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
528:
511:
458:
429:
393:
387:
382:
378:
372:
367:
363:
345:
335:
329:
317:Roman Church
310:
304:
298:
268:
259:
258:
256:
245:
239:
233:
225:
215:
211:
205:
201:
197:
193:
187:
181:
177:
173:
167:
163:
157:
152:
148:
144:
138:
134:
130:
124:
118:
115:kouboukleion
114:
110:
106:
103:primmikērioi
102:
98:
94:
88:
80:
76:
60:
56:
54:
32:
31:
22:
21:
15:
1173:Droungarios
525:Primicerius
383:taboularioi
323:and in the
269:Primikērioi
247:Vestiaritai
241:Vardariōtai
235:Manglabitai
226:primikērioi
192:, but also
186:and of the
164:primicerius
153:taboularioi
111:primikērios
99:primikērioi
42:πριμικήριος
33:primikērios
23:primicerius
1232:Categories
1159:Protokomes
1139:Domestikos
1126:Domestikos
1113:Domestikos
1024:Vestiariou
1017:vestiarion
937:Akolouthos
874:Skouterios
627:Megas doux
482:References
394:primikirii
356:archdeacon
348:Chrodegang
312:Defensores
252:Varangians
224:emperors,
212:Primicerii
194:primicerii
178:primicerii
131:primicerii
126:vestiarion
95:primicerii
28:Hellenized
1187:Myrtaïtes
1072:mourtatoi
895:Koiaistor
881:Ameralios
676:Pinkernes
402:subdeacon
222:Komnenian
129:). Other
1180:Sebastos
1084:Tzakones
790:Mystikos
741:Eparchos
585:Despotes
488:Le Blant
379:notarioi
368:lectorum
277:Ottomans
250:and the
198:fabricae
169:tribunus
149:notarioi
91:Dominate
48:and the
1145:themata
1132:themata
1119:themata
1116:of the
1105:of the
1094:of the
1081:of the
1070:of the
1059:of the
1048:of the
1014:of the
1003:of the
570:(after
521::
373:In the
306:Notarii
232:of the
202:Scholae
180:of the
174:senator
158:In the
140:notarii
135:scrinia
120:eidikon
113:of the
1166:Papias
1005:koiton
599:Caesar
467:
398:reader
295:, 1563
162:, the
408:Notes
217:duces
38:Greek
20:term
18:Latin
465:ISBN
381:and
358:and
309:and
16:The
527:".
400:or
366:or
319:in
299:In
151:or
143:or
30:as
1234::
440:^
416:^
370:.
338:.
327:.
279:.
254:.
244:,
238:,
210:.
40::
26:,
574:)
560:e
553:t
546:v
473:.
147:(
97:(
85:.
36:(
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