576:(0.5 to 0.7 μm) and the adaptations of the various ecotypes allow the organism to grow abundantly in low nutrient waters such as the waters of the tropics and the subtropics (c. 40°N to 40°S); however, they can be found in higher latitudes as high up as 60° north but at fairly minimal concentrations and the bacteria's distribution across the oceans suggest that the colder waters could be fatal. This wide range of latitude along with the bacteria's ability to survive up to depths of 100 to 150 metres, i.e. the average depth of the mixing layer of the surface ocean, allows it to grow to enormous numbers, up to 3×10 individuals worldwide. This enormous number makes the
646:
adapted subspecies is otherwise known to have a higher ratio of chlorophyll b2 to chlorophyll a2, which aids in its ability to absorb blue light. Blue light is able to penetrate ocean waters deeper than the rest of the visible spectrum, and can reach depths of >200 m, depending on the turbidity of the water. Their ability to photosynthesize at a depth where blue light penetrates allows them to inhabit depths between 80 and 200 m. Their genomes can range from 1,650,000 to 2,600,000 basepairs in size.
31:
60:
661:
is associated with high-light adapted types. It can be further classified by sub-ecotypes HLI-HLVI. HLIII, like LV, is also located in an iron-limited environment near the equator, with similar ferric adaptations. The high-light adapted subspecies is otherwise known to have a low ratio of chlorophyll
645:
is associated with low-light adapted types. It is also further classified by sub-ecotypes LLI-LLVII, where LLII/III has not been yet phylogenetically uncoupled. LV species are found in highly iron scarce locations around the equator, and as a result, have lost several ferric proteins. The low-light
2341:
A. Dufresne; M. Salanoubat; F. Partensky; F. Artiguenave; I. M. Axmann; V. Barbe; S. Duprat; M. Y. Galperin; E. V. Koonin; F. Le Gall; K. S. Makarova; M. Ostrowski; S. Oztas; C. Robert; I. B. Rogozin; D. J. Scanlan; N. Tandeau de Marsac; J. Weissenbach; P. Wincker; Y. I. Wolf; W. R. Hess (2003).
411:
is mostly found in a temperature range of 10–33 °C and some strains can grow at depths with low light (<1% surface light). These strains are known as LL (Low Light) ecotypes, with strains that occupy shallower depths in the water column known as HL (High Light) ecotypes. Furthermore,
2634:
Fu, Fei-Xue; Warner, Mark E.; Zhang, Yaohong; Feng, Yuanyuan; Hutchins, David A. (16 May 2007). "Effects of
Increased Temperature and CO2 on Photosynthesis, Growth, and Elemental Ratios in Marine Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus (Cyanobacteria)".
1913:
Chisholm, S.W.; Frankel, S.; Goericke, R.; Olson, R.; Palenik, B.; Waterbury, J.; West-Johnsrud, L.; Zettler, E. (1992). "Prochlorococcus marinus nov. gen. nov. sp.: an oxyphototrophic marine prokaryote containing divinyl chlorophyll a and b.".
2516:
Cassier-Chauvat C, Veaudor T, Chauvat F. Comparative
Genomics of DNA Recombination and Repair in Cyanobacteria: Biotechnological Implications. Front Microbiol. 2016 Nov 9;7:1809. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01809. PMID: 27881980; PMCID:
3268:
Biller, Steven J.; Berube, Paul M.; Berta-Thompson, Jessie W.; Kelly, Libusha; Roggensack, Sara E.; Awad, Lana; Roache-Johnson, Kathryn H.; Ding, Huiming; Giovannoni, Stephen J.; Rocap, Gabrielle; Moore, Lisa R. (2014-09-30).
598:
via the biological carbon pump (i.e. the transfer of organic carbon from the surface ocean to the deep via several biological, physical and chemical processes). The abundance, distribution and all other characteristics of the
3451:
Dufresne, Alexis; Salanoubat, Marcel; Partensky, Frédéric; Artiguenave, François; Axmann, Ilka M.; Barbe, Valérie; Duprat, Simone; Galperin, Michael Y.; Koonin, Eugene V.; Le Gall, Florence; Makarova, Kira S. (2003-08-19).
2131:
Johnson, Zachary I.; Zinser, Erik R.; Coe, Allison; McNulty, Nathan P.; Woodward, E. Malcolm S.; Chisholm, Sallie W. (2006). "Niche
Partitioning among Prochlorococcus Ecotypes along Ocean-Scale Environmental Gradients".
2745:
Rocap, Gabrielle; Larimer, Frank W.; Lamerdin, Jane; Malfatti, Stephanie; Chain, Patrick; Ahlgren, Nathan A.; Arellano, Andrae; Coleman, Maureen; Hauser, Loren; Hess, Wolfgang R.; Johnson, Zackary I. (August 2003).
362:
instead of phospholipids in their membranes to survive in phosphate deprived environments. This adaptation allows them to avoid competition with heterotrophs that are dependent on phosphate for survival. Typically,
571:
being one of the smallest types of marine phytoplankton in the world's oceans, its substantial number make it responsible for a major part of the oceans', world's photosynthesis, and oxygen production. The size of
493:
The high-light ecotype has the smallest genome (1,657,990 basepairs, 1,716 genes) of any known oxygenic phototroph, but the genome of the low-light type is much larger (2,410,873 base pairs, 2,275 genes).
382:
zone of the world's tropical oceans. It is possibly the most plentiful genus on Earth: a single millilitre of surface seawater may contain 100,000 cells or more. Worldwide, the average yearly abundance is
3684:"The cells that rule the seas: the ocean's tiniest inhabitants, notes biological researcher Sallie W. Chisholm, hold the key to understanding the biosphere — and what happens when humans disrupt it"
1558:
S. W. Chisholm; R. J. Olson; E. R. Zettler; J. Waterbury; R. Goericke; N. Welschmeyer (1988). "A novel free-living prochlorophyte occurs at high cell concentrations in the oceanic euphotic zone".
1957:
Flombaum, P.; Gallegos, J. L.; Gordillo, R. A.; Rincon, J.; Zabala, L. L.; Jiao, N.; Karl, D. M.; Li, W. K. W.; Lomas, M. W.; Veneziano, D.; Vera, C. S.; Vrugt, J. A.; Martiny, A. C. (2013).
420:
do not have mechanisms to degrade reactive oxygen species and rely on heterotrophs to protect them. The bacterium accounts for an estimated 13–48% of the global photosynthetic production of
4129:
3943:
4219:
3647:
Jagroop
Pandhal, Phillip C. Wright & Catherine A. Biggs (2007). "A quantitative proteomic analysis of light adaptation in a globally significant marine cyanobacterium
3683:
2563:
1675:
4103:
3917:
2348:
2183:
Ting CS, Rocap G, King J, Chisholm S (2002). "Cyanobacterial photosynthesis in the oceans: the origins and significance of divergent light-harvesting strategies".
662:
b2 to chlorophyll a2. High-light adapted strains inhabit depths between 25 and 100 m. Their genomes can range from 1,640,000 to 1,800,000 basepairs in size.
466:
is the only known wild-type oxygenic phototroph that does not contain Chl a as a major photosynthetic pigment, and is the only known prokaryote with α-carotene.
4142:
3956:
618:
occupying different niches and can vary by pigments, light requirements, nitrogen and phosphorus utilization, copper, and virus sensitivity. It is thought that
622:
may occupy potentially 35 different ecotypes and sub-ecotypes within the worlds' oceans. They can be differentiated on the basis of the sequence of the
4090:
3891:
3709:
2270:; A. F. Post; W. Regala; M. Shah; S. L. Shaw; C. Steglich; M. B. Sullivan; C. S. Ting; A. Tolonen; E. A. Webb; E. R. Zinser; S. W. Chisholm (2003).
2266:
G. Rocap; F. W. Larimer; J. Lamerdin; S. Malfatti; P. Chain; N. A. Ahlgren; A. Arellano; M. Coleman; L. Hauser; W. R. Hess; Z. I. Johnson; M. Land;
4116:
3930:
2577:
Zinser, Erik R.; Coe, Allison; Johnson, Zackary I.; Martiny, Adam C.; Fuller, Nicholas J.; Scanlan, David J.; Chisholm, Sallie W. (January 2006).
346:
is the smallest at just 0.5 to 0.7 micrometres in diameter. The coccoid shaped cells are non-motile and free-living. Their small size and large
2695:
2548:
Partensky, Blanchot, Vaulot (1999). "DifferentiaI distribution and ecology of
Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus in oceanic waters: a review".
4155:
269:
3777:
273:
4243:
4214:
683:
4248:
3386:
Yan, Wei; Wei, Shuzhen; Wang, Qiong; Xiao, Xilin; Zeng, Qinglu; Jiao, Nianzhi; Zhang, Rui (September 2018). Elliot, Marie A. (ed.).
1329:
478:
have been sequenced. Twelve complete genomes have been sequenced which reveal physiologically and genetically distinct lineages of
4194:
3982:
552:
482:
that are 97% similar in the 16S rRNA gene. Research has shown that a massive genome reduction occurred during the
Neoproterozoic
38:
3747:
S.W. Chisholm, S.L. Frankel, R. Goericke, R.J. Olson, B. Palenik, J.B. Waterbury, L. West-Johnsrud & E.R. Zettler 1992: 299"
3536:
Cubillos-Ruiz, Andres; Berta-Thompson, Jessie W.; Becker, Jamie W.; van der Donk, Wilfred A.; Chisholm, Sallie W. (2017-07-03).
2271:
630:
into two different subspecies, Low-light
Adapted (LL) or High-light Adapted (HL). There are six clades within each subspecies.
229:
strains, called ecotypes, have physiological differences enabling them to exploit different ecological niches. Analysis of the
3693:
4258:
4121:
3935:
59:
4253:
3328:"Draft Genome Sequence of Prochlorococcus marinus Strain XMU1401, Isolated from the Western Tropical North Pacific Ocean"
2076:"Facilitation of Robust Growth of Prochlorococcus Colonies and Dilute Liquid Cultures by "Helper" Heterotrophic Bacteria"
3653:
687:
679:
347:
1628:, S. L. Frankel, R. Goericke, R. J. Olson, B. Palenik, J. B. Waterbury, L. West-Johnsrud & E. R. Zettler (1992). "
1260:
206:
4029:
3326:
Yan, Wei; Zhang, Rui; Wei, Shuzhen; Zeng, Qinglu; Xiao, Xilin; Wang, Qiong; Yan, Hanrui; Jiao, Nianzhi (2018-01-11).
1736:
2822:"Research advances on ecotype and sub-ecotype differentiation of Prochlorococcus and its environmental adaptability"
2579:"Prochlorococcus Ecotype Abundances in the North Atlantic Ocean As Revealed by an Improved Quantitative PCR Method†"
1603:
603:
make it a key organism in oligotrophic waters serving as an important primary producer to the open ocean food webs.
3616:
2414:
2226:
4147:
3961:
4238:
2878:
Rusch, Douglas B.; Martiny, Adam C.; Dupont, Christopher L.; Halpern, Aaron L.; Venter, J. Craig (2010-09-14).
675:
510:
3454:"Genome sequence of the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus SS120, a nearly minimal oxyphototrophic genome"
3037:"Adaptive mechanisms of nitrogen and carbon assimilatory pathways in the marine cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus"
2344:"Genome sequence of the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus SS120, a nearly minimal oxyphototrophic genome"
1856:"Sulfolipids dramatically decrease phosphorus demand by picocyanobacteria in oligotrophic marine environments"
594:) these cyanobacteria are responsible for approximately 50% of marine carbon fixation, making it an important
2222:"The pigments of Prochlorococcus marinus: the presence of divinyl chlorophyll a and b in a marine prokaryote"
318:-containing bacteria, called prochlorophytes, but it is now known that prochlorophytes form several separate
2947:"The pigments of Prochlorococcus marinus: The presence of divinylchlorophyll a and b in a marine prokaryote"
703:
706:
has been lost evolutionarily to conserve energy that may have otherwise been lost to phosphate metabolism.
3792:
3154:
Casey, John R.; Mardinoglu, Adil; Nielsen, Jens; Karl, David M. (2016-12-27). Gutierrez, Marcelino (ed.).
2185:
3719:
454:
has evolved to use a unique light-harvesting complex, consisting predominantly of divinyl derivatives of
2557:
1669:
1475:
627:
487:
151:
1959:"Present and future global distributions of the marine Cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus"
4199:
4064:
3987:
3865:
3830:
3625:
3549:
3465:
3399:
3104:
2999:
2958:
2891:
2833:
2759:
2644:
2590:
2423:
2357:
2292:
2235:
2141:
2087:
2029:
1970:
1923:
1867:
1641:
1569:
1530:
1487:
1351:
Tolonen AC, Aach J, Lindell D, Johnson ZI, Rector T, Steen R, Church GM, Chisholm SW (October 2006).
4216:
tp://mepaper.livehindustan.com/imageview_13218_104275458_4_54_17-05-2019_i_1.pagezoomsinwindows.php-
4043:
2467:"Genome reduction occurred in early Prochlorococcus with an unusually low effective population size"
1353:"Global gene expression of Prochlorococcus ecotypes in response to changes in nitrogen availability"
237:
strains show that 1,273 genes are common to all strains, and the average genome size is about 2,000
3714:
3688:
2988:"Influence of light and temperature on Prochlorococcus ecotype distributions in the Atlantic Ocean"
4186:
2016:
Coleman, M.; Sullivan, M.; Martiny, A.; Steglich, C.; Barry, K.; DeLong, E.; Chisholm, S. (2006).
1632:
nov. gen. nov. sp.: an oxyphototrophic marine prokaryote containing divinyl chlorophyll a and b".
3759:
3136:
3017:
2857:
2793:
2660:
2447:
2316:
2165:
2053:
1939:
1777:
1657:
1625:
1585:
330:, although two subspecies have been named for low-light and high-light adapted niche variations.
265:
128:
54:
3844:
1478:(1979). "Chroococcoid cyanobacteria in the sea: a ubiquitous and diverse phototrophic biomass".
4108:
3742:
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3922:
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3585:
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1998:
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1988:
1978:
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1885:
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1823:
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1649:
1577:
1560:
1538:
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1436:
1374:
1364:
1319:
536:
446:
another abundant photosynthetic cyanobacteria, which contains the light-harvesting antennae
293:
1854:
Van Mooy, B. A. S.; Rocap, G.; Fredricks, H. F.; Evans, C. T.; Devol, A. H. (26 May 2006).
4223:
2748:"Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation"
518:
101:
2074:
Morris, J. J.; Kirkegaard, R.; Szul, M. J.; Johnson, Z. I.; Zinser, E. R. (23 May 2008).
3629:
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1974:
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30:
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3537:
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2108:
2075:
1993:
1958:
1890:
1855:
1732:
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derivatives in the North Sea and the tropical
Atlantic Ocean revealed by HPLC analysis"
1451:
1424:
1379:
1352:
695:
483:
339:
285:
281:
210:
46:
3496:
3453:
3092:
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2198:
4232:
3140:
2861:
2719:
2686:
2656:
2435:
2324:
1828:
1803:
1425:"Patterns and Implications of Gene Gain and Loss in the Evolution of Prochlorococcus"
1273:
671:
623:
586:
506:
459:
455:
447:
441:
221:
in the ocean, responsible for a large percentage of the photosynthetic production of
191:
111:
91:
81:
3021:
2709:
2664:
2451:
1943:
1781:
1661:
4056:
2797:
2320:
2169:
2057:
1819:
1589:
1266:
581:
544:
539:, functions in error-prone DNA replication. These cyanobacteria also have the gene
277:
3857:
2986:
Zinser, E.; Johnson, Z.; Coe, A.; Karaca, E.; Veneziano, D.; Chisholm, S. (2007).
2602:
3815:
3053:
3036:
1441:
416:
are more plentiful in the presence of heterotrophs that have catalase abilities.
4181:
4023:
3904:
3824:
2409:
595:
528:
379:
359:
195:
2880:"Characterization of Prochlorococcus clades from iron-depleted oceanic regions"
2017:
3638:
3607:
3171:
3012:
2987:
2971:
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2845:
2527:
2248:
2221:
1543:
1514:
1499:
514:
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404:
310:
184:
4014:
3948:
3571:
3487:
3419:
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3343:
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3179:
3124:
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2913:
2853:
2781:
2482:
4077:
4038:
3878:
3839:
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3562:
3478:
3116:
2904:
2821:
2820:
Yan, Wei; Feng, Xuejin; Zhang, Wei; Zhang, Rui; Jiao, Nianzhi (2020-11-01).
2370:
2153:
2041:
1983:
1880:
1804:"Prochlorococcus, a marine photosynthetic prokaryote of global significance"
391:
individuals (for comparison, that is approximately the number of atoms in a
350:, gives them an advantage in nutrient-poor water. Still, it is assumed that
242:
3674:
3589:
3505:
3437:
3369:
3312:
3197:
3132:
3070:
2931:
2789:
2728:
2620:
2500:
2443:
2389:
2312:
2206:
2161:
2117:
2049:
2002:
1899:
1837:
1773:
1460:
1388:
3286:
3271:"Genomes of diverse isolates of the marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus"
256:
Although there had been several earlier records of very small chlorophyll-
4008:
3809:
3411:
2099:
323:
71:
2772:
2747:
2304:
1764:
1755:
4095:
3896:
1935:
1653:
1369:
615:
3909:
3666:
1737:"Prochlorococcus: the structure and function of collective diversity"
1581:
691:
523:
421:
230:
222:
3786:
2410:"Taxonomic resolution, ecotypes and biogeography of Prochlorococcus"
4082:
3883:
3388:"Genome Rearrangement Shapes Prochlorococcus Ecological Adaptation"
567:
contributed to the production of early atmospheric oxygen. Despite
3538:"Evolutionary radiation of lanthipeptides in marine cyanobacteria"
2529:
The tiny creature that secretly powers the planet | Penny
Chisholm
2018:"Genomic islands and the ecology and evolution of Prochlorococcus"
367:
divide once a day in the subsurface layer or oligotrophic waters.
245:
188:
180:
2691:
in a stratified water column in the eastern North
Atlantic Ocean"
4160:
3156:"Adaptive Evolution of Phosphorus Metabolism in Prochlorococcus"
462:(Chl b2) and lacking monovinyl chlorophylls and phycobilisomes.
396:
238:
4069:
3790:
3870:
3763:
2408:
Martiny AC, Tai A, Veneziano D, Primeau F, Chisholm S (2009).
1423:
Kettler GC, Martiny AC, Huang K, et al. (December 2007).
392:
3772:
3612:
to community structure in the central North Pacific Ocean"
403:
is ubiquitous between 40°N and 40°S and dominates in the
3035:
García-Fernández, Jose M.; Diez, Jesús (December 2004).
1318:
Chimileski, Scott; Kolter, Roberto (25 September 2017).
690:(2-OGDH). Normally, when this enzyme complex joins with
304:
originated from the fact it was originally assumed that
296:
SS120) and shortly another strain was obtained from the
531:
V, functions in recombinational repair of DNA, and the
326:
domain. The only species within the genus described is
2512:
2510:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3515:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2674:
1606:. Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. January 17, 2019
1313:
1311:
1309:
590:(another genus of cyanobacteria that co-occurs with
338:
Marine cyanobacteria are to date the smallest known
3998:
3799:
354:have a very small nutrient requirement. Moreover,
3606:L. Campbell, H. A. Nolla & D. Vaulot (1994).
3263:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3241:
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3227:
3783:: National Center for Biotechnology Information.
3760:The Most Important Microbe You've Never Heard Of
3225:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3207:
2276:ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation"
547:system, probably a system like the well-studied
322:groups within the cyanobacteria subgroup of the
288:in 2019 for the discovery. The first culture of
3542:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
3458:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
3093:"The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle in Cyanobacteria"
2884:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2349:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1963:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1860:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1418:
551:SOS system that is employed in the response to
3091:Zhang, Shuyi; Bryant, Donald A. (2011-12-16).
2550:Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique. Monaco
1726:
1724:
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1412:
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1404:
1402:
1400:
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3086:
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3082:
3080:
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2871:
2740:
2738:
2465:Zhang, H.; Hellweger, F. L.; Luo, H. (2024).
1849:
1847:
1300:Marine Microbiology: Ecology and applications
8:
2562:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1797:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1674:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3381:
3379:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2807:
1513:W. W. C. Gieskes & G. W. Kraay (1983).
3787:
2403:
2401:
2399:
1808:Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
698:(2-OG). This pathway is non-functional in
424:, and forms part of the base of the ocean
292:was isolated in the Sargasso Sea in 1988 (
29:
18:
3637:
3579:
3561:
3495:
3477:
3427:
3359:
3302:
3187:
3052:
3011:
2970:
2921:
2903:
2771:
2718:
2708:
2610:
2490:
2379:
2369:
2247:
2107:
1992:
1982:
1889:
1879:
1827:
1763:
1735:; Chisholm, Sallie W. (1 December 2014).
1542:
1450:
1440:
1378:
1368:
498:DNA recombination, repair and replication
2261:
2259:
1604:"The Crafoord Prize in Biosciences 2019"
713:
694:, it can be converted to succinate from
509:have several genes that function in DNA
407:(nutrient-poor) regions of the oceans.
260:-containing cyanobacteria in the ocean,
2685:N. J. West & D. J. Scanlan (1999).
1802:Partensky F, Hess WR, Vaulot D (1999).
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1285:
3392:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
2696:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
2583:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
2555:
2080:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
2069:
2067:
1667:
1293:
1291:
1289:
580:play an important role in the global
270:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
7:
1731:Biller, Steven J.; Berube, Paul M.;
274:Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
1302:(Second ed.). Garland Science.
684:succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
209:and are probably the most abundant
584:and oxygen production. Along with
474:The genomes of several strains of
14:
626:gene. It has been broken down by
276:, and other collaborators in the
2657:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00355.x
2436:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01803.x
674:are known to have an incomplete
205:). These bacteria belong to the
58:
2710:10.1128/AEM.65.6.2585-2591.1999
1820:10.1128/MMBR.63.1.106-127.1999
194:with an unusual pigmentation (
1:
2945:Ralf, G.; Repeta, D. (1992).
2603:10.1128/aem.72.1.723-732.2006
2220:Goericke R, Repeta D (1992).
2199:10.1016/s0966-842x(02)02319-3
217:microbes are among the major
3654:Journal of Proteome Research
3054:10.1016/j.resmic.2004.06.009
2826:Science China Earth Sciences
1442:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030231
688:2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase
686:(SSADH), replace the enzyme
680:2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase
535:gene complex whose product,
527:gene complex whose product,
348:surface-area-to-volume ratio
3710:"The sea we've hardly seen"
1744:Nature Reviews Microbiology
1261:Photosynthetic picoplankton
284:. Chisholm was awarded the
207:photosynthetic picoplankton
4275:
4244:Environmental microbiology
3617:Limnology and Oceanography
2992:Limnology and Oceanography
2951:Limnology and Oceanography
2415:Environmental Microbiology
2272:"Genome divergence in two
2227:Limnology and Oceanography
1523:Limnology and Oceanography
1480:Limnology and Oceanography
266:Sallie W. (Penny) Chisholm
264:was discovered in 1986 by
4249:Monotypic bacteria genera
3639:10.4319/lo.1994.39.4.0954
3172:10.1128/mSystems.00065-16
3013:10.4319/lo.2007.52.5.2205
2972:10.4319/lo.1992.37.2.0425
2846:10.1007/s11430-020-9651-0
2249:10.4319/lo.1992.37.2.0425
1697:"Prochlorococcus marinus"
1544:10.4319/lo.1983.28.4.0757
1500:10.4319/lo.1979.24.5.0928
1357:Molecular Systems Biology
1321:Life at the Edge of Sight
272:, Robert J. Olson of the
157:
150:
55:Scientific classification
53:
37:
28:
21:
3344:10.1128/genomeA.01431-17
3041:Research in Microbiology
1916:Archives of Microbiology
1634:Archives of Microbiology
678:(TCA). In this process,
676:tricarboxylic acid cycle
486:, which was followed by
248:have over 10,000 genes.
183:of very small (0.6
4135:prochlorococcus-marinus
4030:Prochlorococcus marinus
4000:Prochlorococcus marinus
3780:Prochlorococcus marinus
3778:Genome Information for
3708:Melissa Garren (2012).
3649:Prochlorococcus marinus
3563:10.1073/pnas.1700990114
3479:10.1073/pnas.1733211100
3117:10.1126/science.1210858
2905:10.1073/pnas.1009513107
2687:"Niche-partitioning of
2371:10.1073/pnas.1733211100
2154:10.1126/science.1118052
2042:10.1126/science.1122050
1984:10.1073/pnas.1307701110
1881:10.1073/pnas.0600540103
1630:Prochlorococcus marinus
704:succinate dehydrogenase
655:Prochlorococcus marinus
639:Prochlorococcus marinus
480:Prochlorococcus marinus
328:Prochlorococcus marinus
300:(strain MED). The name
161:Prochlorococcus marinus
43:Prochlorococcus marinus
2483:10.1093/ismejo/wrad035
2186:Trends in Microbiology
488:population bottlenecks
439:is closely related to
314:and other chlorophyll-
4259:Marine microorganisms
3718:: 52f. Archived from
3692:: 52f. Archived from
3287:10.1038/sdata.2014.34
2330:on December 11, 2004.
1515:"Unknown chlorophyll
1251:Table modified from
521:. These include the
167:Chisholm et al., 1992
4254:Cyanobacteria genera
3773:Anacyte Laboratories
3682:Steve Nadis (2003).
3412:10.1128/AEM.01178-18
3332:Genome Announcements
2637:Journal of Phycology
2100:10.1128/AEM.02479-07
1474:P. W. Johnson &
358:have adapted to use
3689:Scientific American
3630:1994LimOc..39..954C
3608:"The importance of
3554:2017PNAS..114E5424C
3548:(27): E5424–E5433.
3470:2003PNAS..10010020D
3464:(17): 10020–10025.
3404:2018ApEnM..84E1178Y
3109:2011Sci...334.1551Z
3103:(6062): 1551–1553.
3004:2007LimOc..52.2205Z
2963:1992LimOc..37..425R
2896:2010PNAS..10716184R
2890:(37): 16184–16189.
2838:2020ScChD..63.1691Y
2773:10.1038/nature01947
2764:2003Natur.424.1042R
2758:(6952): 1042–1047.
2649:2007JPcgy..43..485F
2595:2006ApEnM..72..723Z
2428:2009EnvMi..11..823M
2362:2003PNAS..10010020D
2356:(17): 10020–10025.
2305:10.1038/nature01947
2297:2003Natur.424.1042R
2291:(6952): 1042–1047.
2240:1992LimOc..37..425R
2146:2006Sci...311.1737J
2140:(5768): 1737–1740.
2092:2008ApEnM..74.4530M
2034:2006Sci...311.1768C
2028:(5768): 1768–1770.
1975:2013PNAS..110.9824F
1928:1992ArMic.157..297C
1872:2006PNAS..103.8607V
1756:10.1038/nrmicro3378
1646:1992ArMic.157..297C
1574:1988Natur.334..340C
1535:1983LimOc..28..757G
1492:1979LimOc..24..928J
715:
378:is abundant in the
213:organism on Earth.
4222:2019-05-17 at the
1936:10.1007/bf00245165
1654:10.1007/BF00245165
1626:Sallie W. Chisholm
1370:10.1038/msb4100087
714:
650:High-light adapted
543:that regulates an
4210:
4209:
4169:Open Tree of Life
3970:Open Tree of Life
3793:Taxon identifiers
3667:10.1021/pr060460c
3398:(17): e01178–18.
2832:(11): 1691–1700.
2086:(14): 4530–4534.
1969:(24): 9824–9829.
1866:(23): 8607–8612.
1568:(6180): 340–343.
1324:. Belknap Press.
1298:Munn, C. (2011).
1249:
1248:
634:Low-light adapted
298:Mediterranean Sea
219:primary producers
172:
171:
132:
16:Genus of bacteria
4266:
4203:
4202:
4190:
4189:
4177:
4176:
4164:
4163:
4151:
4150:
4138:
4137:
4125:
4124:
4112:
4111:
4099:
4098:
4086:
4085:
4073:
4072:
4060:
4059:
4047:
4046:
4034:
4033:
4032:
4019:
4018:
4017:
3991:
3990:
3978:
3977:
3965:
3964:
3952:
3951:
3939:
3938:
3926:
3925:
3913:
3912:
3900:
3899:
3887:
3886:
3874:
3873:
3861:
3860:
3848:
3847:
3835:
3834:
3833:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3788:
3756:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3678:
3643:
3641:
3594:
3593:
3583:
3565:
3533:
3510:
3509:
3499:
3481:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3431:
3383:
3374:
3373:
3363:
3338:(2): e01431–17.
3323:
3317:
3316:
3306:
3265:
3202:
3201:
3191:
3166:(6): e00065–16.
3151:
3145:
3144:
3088:
3075:
3074:
3056:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3015:
2998:(5): 2205–2220.
2983:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2925:
2907:
2875:
2866:
2865:
2817:
2802:
2801:
2775:
2742:
2733:
2732:
2722:
2712:
2703:(6): 2585–2591.
2682:
2669:
2668:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2614:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2561:
2553:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2524:
2518:
2514:
2505:
2504:
2494:
2471:The ISME Journal
2462:
2456:
2455:
2405:
2394:
2393:
2383:
2373:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2323:. Archived from
2280:
2263:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2111:
2071:
2062:
2061:
2013:
2007:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1893:
1883:
1851:
1842:
1841:
1831:
1799:
1786:
1785:
1767:
1741:
1728:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1693:
1680:
1679:
1673:
1665:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1582:10.1038/334340a0
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1454:
1444:
1420:
1393:
1392:
1382:
1372:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1315:
1304:
1303:
1295:
716:
537:DNA polymerase V
452:Prochlorochoccus
390:
388:
231:genome sequences
163:
127:
63:
62:
33:
19:
4274:
4273:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4239:Synechococcales
4229:
4228:
4224:Wayback Machine
4211:
4206:
4198:
4193:
4185:
4180:
4172:
4167:
4159:
4154:
4146:
4141:
4133:
4128:
4120:
4115:
4107:
4102:
4094:
4089:
4081:
4076:
4068:
4063:
4055:
4050:
4042:
4037:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4013:
4012:
4007:
3994:
3986:
3981:
3973:
3968:
3960:
3955:
3949:prochlorococcus
3947:
3942:
3934:
3929:
3921:
3916:
3908:
3903:
3895:
3890:
3882:
3877:
3869:
3864:
3856:
3851:
3843:
3838:
3831:Prochlorococcus
3829:
3828:
3823:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3801:Prochlorococcus
3795:
3768:Prochlorococcus
3745:Prochlorococcus
3740:
3737:
3725:
3723:
3707:
3699:
3697:
3681:
3661:(3): 996–1005.
3646:
3610:Prochlorococcus
3605:
3602:
3600:Further reading
3597:
3535:
3534:
3513:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3385:
3384:
3377:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3275:Scientific Data
3267:
3266:
3205:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3090:
3089:
3078:
3047:(10): 795–802.
3034:
3033:
3029:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2877:
2876:
2869:
2819:
2818:
2805:
2744:
2743:
2736:
2689:Prochlorococcus
2684:
2683:
2672:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2554:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2534:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2508:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2407:
2406:
2397:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2327:
2278:
2274:Prochlorococcus
2265:
2264:
2257:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2073:
2072:
2065:
2015:
2014:
2010:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1853:
1852:
1845:
1801:
1800:
1789:
1739:
1733:Lindell, Debbie
1730:
1729:
1714:
1705:
1703:
1695:
1694:
1683:
1666:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1422:
1421:
1396:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1317:
1316:
1307:
1297:
1296:
1287:
1283:
1257:
712:
700:Prochlorococcus
668:
652:
636:
620:Prochlorococcus
612:Prochlorococcus
609:
601:Prochlorococcus
592:Prochlorococcus
578:Prochlorococcus
574:Prochlorococcus
569:Prochlorococcus
565:Prochlorococcus
561:
504:Prochlorococcus
500:
476:Prochlorococcus
472:
464:Prochlorococcus
437:Prochlorococcus
434:
418:Prochlorococcus
414:Prochlorococcus
409:Prochlorococcus
401:Prochlorococcus
386:
384:
376:Prochlorococcus
373:
365:Prochlorococcus
356:Prochlorococcus
352:Prochlorococcus
344:Prochlorococcus
336:
308:was related to
306:Prochlorococcus
302:Prochlorococcus
290:Prochlorococcus
262:Prochlorococcus
254:
241:. In contrast,
235:Prochlorococcus
227:Prochlorococcus
215:Prochlorococcus
176:Prochlorococcus
168:
165:
159:
146:
143:P. marinus
126:
123:Prochlorococcus
102:Synechococcales
57:
23:Prochlorococcus
17:
12:
11:
5:
4272:
4270:
4262:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4231:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4191:
4178:
4165:
4152:
4139:
4126:
4113:
4100:
4087:
4074:
4061:
4048:
4035:
4020:
4004:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3979:
3966:
3953:
3940:
3927:
3914:
3901:
3888:
3875:
3862:
3849:
3836:
3821:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3775:
3770:
3757:
3736:
3735:External links
3733:
3732:
3731:
3705:
3679:
3644:
3624:(4): 954–961.
3601:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3511:
3443:
3375:
3318:
3203:
3146:
3076:
3027:
2978:
2957:(2): 425–433.
2937:
2867:
2803:
2734:
2670:
2643:(3): 485–496.
2626:
2589:(1): 723–732.
2569:
2540:
2519:
2506:
2477:(1): wrad035.
2457:
2422:(4): 823–832.
2395:
2333:
2255:
2234:(2): 425–433.
2212:
2193:(3): 134–142.
2175:
2123:
2063:
2008:
1949:
1922:(3): 297–300.
1905:
1843:
1814:(1): 106–127.
1787:
1712:
1681:
1640:(3): 297–300.
1617:
1595:
1550:
1529:(4): 757–766.
1505:
1486:(5): 928–935.
1476:J. M. Sieburth
1466:
1394:
1343:
1330:
1305:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1001:
997:
996:
994:
991:
987:
986:
984:
981:
977:
976:
974:
971:
967:
966:
964:
961:
957:
956:
954:
951:
947:
946:
944:
941:
937:
936:
934:
931:
927:
926:
924:
921:
917:
916:
914:
911:
907:
906:
904:
901:
897:
896:
894:
891:
887:
886:
884:
881:
877:
876:
874:
871:
867:
866:
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861:
857:
856:
854:
851:
847:
846:
844:
841:
837:
836:
834:
831:
827:
826:
824:
821:
817:
816:
814:
811:
807:
806:
804:
801:
797:
796:
794:
791:
787:
786:
784:
781:
777:
776:
774:
771:
767:
766:
764:
761:
757:
756:
754:
751:
747:
746:
744:
741:
737:
736:
734:
731:
727:
726:
723:
720:
711:
708:
696:2-oxoglutarate
672:cyanobacterium
667:
664:
651:
648:
635:
632:
614:has different
608:
605:
560:
557:
499:
496:
484:Snowball Earth
471:
468:
448:phycobilisomes
433:
430:
372:
369:
340:photosynthetic
335:
332:
286:Crafoord Prize
282:flow cytometry
253:
250:
211:photosynthetic
170:
169:
166:
155:
154:
148:
147:
140:
138:
134:
133:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
51:
50:
47:pseudo-colored
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4271:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4225:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4213:
4212:
4201:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4040:
4036:
4031:
4025:
4021:
4016:
4010:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3989:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3841:
3837:
3832:
3826:
3822:
3817:
3811:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3789:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3746:
3741:M. D. Guiry.
3739:
3738:
3734:
3722:on 2013-12-02
3721:
3717:
3716:
3715:TEDx Monterey
3711:
3706:
3696:on 2007-10-12
3695:
3691:
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3631:
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3405:
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3349:
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3333:
3329:
3322:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3281:(1): 140034.
3280:
3276:
3272:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3256:
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3250:
3248:
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3110:
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3098:
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3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3046:
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3038:
3031:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3005:
3001:
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2989:
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2808:
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2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2573:
2570:
2565:
2559:
2552:(spécial 19).
2551:
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2511:
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2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
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2179:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2127:
2124:
2119:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
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2077:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2059:
2055:
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2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2012:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
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1477:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1429:PLoS Genetics
1426:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1395:
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1386:
1381:
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1371:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1347:
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1333:
1331:9780674975910
1327:
1323:
1322:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1274:Synechococcus
1271:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1238:
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1232:
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1225:
1222:
1219:
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1209:
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1202:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
992:
989:
988:
985:
982:
979:
978:
975:
972:
969:
968:
965:
962:
959:
958:
955:
952:
949:
948:
945:
942:
939:
938:
935:
932:
929:
928:
925:
922:
919:
918:
915:
912:
909:
908:
905:
902:
899:
898:
895:
892:
889:
888:
885:
882:
879:
878:
875:
872:
869:
868:
865:
862:
859:
858:
855:
852:
849:
848:
845:
842:
839:
838:
835:
832:
829:
828:
825:
822:
819:
818:
815:
812:
809:
808:
805:
802:
799:
798:
795:
792:
789:
788:
785:
782:
779:
778:
775:
772:
769:
768:
765:
762:
759:
758:
755:
752:
749:
748:
745:
742:
739:
738:
735:
732:
729:
728:
724:
721:
718:
717:
709:
707:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
665:
663:
660:
656:
649:
647:
644:
640:
633:
631:
629:
628:NCBI Taxonomy
625:
624:ribosomal RNA
621:
617:
613:
606:
604:
602:
597:
593:
589:
588:
587:Synechococcus
583:
579:
575:
570:
566:
563:Ancestors of
558:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:
520:
516:
512:
511:recombination
508:
507:cyanobacteria
505:
497:
495:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
469:
467:
465:
461:
460:chlorophyll b
458:(Chl a2) and
457:
456:chlorophyll a
453:
449:
445:
443:
442:Synechococcus
438:
431:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
381:
377:
370:
368:
366:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
333:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
312:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
251:
249:
247:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
203:
199:
193:
192:cyanobacteria
190:
186:
182:
178:
177:
164:
162:
156:
153:
152:Binomial name
149:
145:
144:
139:
136:
135:
130:
125:
124:
120:
117:
116:
113:
112:Prochloraceae
110:
107:
106:
103:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
86:
83:
82:Cyanobacteria
80:
77:
76:
73:
70:
67:
66:
61:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
24:
20:
4215:
3999:
3800:
3779:
3767:
3750:
3744:
3724:. Retrieved
3720:the original
3713:
3698:. Retrieved
3694:the original
3687:
3658:
3652:
3648:
3621:
3615:
3609:
3545:
3541:
3461:
3457:
3446:
3395:
3391:
3335:
3331:
3321:
3278:
3274:
3163:
3159:
3149:
3100:
3096:
3044:
3040:
3030:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2887:
2883:
2829:
2825:
2755:
2751:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2640:
2636:
2629:
2586:
2582:
2572:
2558:cite journal
2549:
2543:
2533:, retrieved
2528:
2522:
2474:
2470:
2460:
2419:
2413:
2353:
2347:
2336:
2325:the original
2288:
2282:
2273:
2231:
2225:
2215:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2137:
2133:
2126:
2083:
2079:
2025:
2021:
2011:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1919:
1915:
1908:
1863:
1859:
1811:
1807:
1765:1721.1/97151
1750:(1): 13–27.
1747:
1743:
1704:. Retrieved
1700:
1670:cite journal
1637:
1633:
1629:
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1598:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1508:
1483:
1479:
1469:
1435:(12). e231.
1432:
1428:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1335:. Retrieved
1320:
1299:
1272:
1267:Pelagibacter
1265:
1250:
699:
682:(2OGDC) and
669:
658:
654:
653:
642:
638:
637:
619:
611:
610:
600:
591:
585:
582:carbon cycle
577:
573:
568:
564:
562:
548:
545:SOS response
540:
532:
522:
503:
501:
492:
479:
475:
473:
463:
451:
440:
436:
435:
417:
413:
408:
405:oligotrophic
400:
385:(2.8 to 3.0)
375:
374:
371:Distribution
364:
355:
351:
343:
337:
327:
320:phylogenetic
315:
309:
305:
301:
289:
278:Sargasso Sea
261:
257:
255:
234:
226:
214:
201:
197:
196:chlorophyll
175:
174:
173:
160:
158:
142:
141:
131:et al., 1992
122:
121:
92:Cyanophyceae
42:
22:
4182:SeaLifeBase
4024:Wikispecies
3905:iNaturalist
3825:Wikispecies
596:carbon sink
529:exonuclease
519:replication
450:. However,
360:sulfolipids
342:organisms;
4233:Categories
3726:2012-06-22
3700:2006-09-28
2535:2022-04-26
2517:PMC5101192
2328:(– )
2268:D. Lindell
1706:2022-04-25
1337:2018-01-26
1281:References
666:Metabolism
616:"ecotypes"
553:DNA damage
426:food chain
334:Morphology
311:Prochloron
243:eukaryotic
4039:AlgaeBase
3840:AlgaeBase
3816:Q18645284
3766:Story on
3752:AlgaeBase
3572:0027-8424
3488:0027-8424
3420:0099-2240
3352:2169-8287
3295:2052-4463
3180:2379-5077
3141:206536295
3125:0036-8075
3063:0923-2508
2914:0027-8424
2862:221218462
2854:1869-1897
2782:1476-4687
1610:April 26,
1363:(1). 53.
1103:LLII/III
1093:LLII/III
1083:LLII/III
1073:LLII/III
1063:LLII/III
1053:LLII/III
1043:LLII/III
1033:LLII/III
1023:LLII/III
1013:LLII/III
252:Discovery
137:Species:
41:image of
4220:Archived
4109:10962058
4009:Wikidata
3810:Wikidata
3675:17298086
3590:28630351
3506:12917486
3438:29915114
3370:29326216
3313:25977791
3198:27868089
3160:mSystems
3133:22174252
3071:15567272
3022:84767930
2932:20733077
2790:12917642
2729:10347047
2665:53353243
2621:16391112
2501:38365237
2492:10837832
2452:25323390
2444:19021692
2390:12917486
2313:12917642
2207:11864823
2162:16556835
2118:18502916
2050:16556843
2003:23703908
1944:32682912
1900:16731626
1838:10066832
1782:18963108
1774:25435307
1662:32682912
1461:18159947
1389:17016519
1255:See also
1240:MIT1342
1230:MIT1327
1220:MIT1323
1210:MIT1320
1200:MIT1318
1190:MIT1313
1180:MIT1312
1170:MIT1306
1160:MIT1303
1150:MIT9313
1140:MIT9303
1130:MIT0703
1120:MIT0702
1110:MIT0701
1050:MIT9211
1040:MIT0603
1030:MIT0602
1020:MIT0601
970:MIT0801
960:XMU1408
950:XMU1403
930:MIT9401
920:MIT9322
910:MIT9321
900:MIT9314
890:MIT9312
880:MIT9311
870:MIT9302
860:MIT9301
850:MIT9215
840:MIT9202
830:MIT9201
820:MIT9123
810:MIT9116
800:MIT9107
770:MIT0604
760:XMU1401
730:MIT9515
722:Subtype
659:pastoris
607:Ecotypes
432:Pigments
380:euphotic
324:bacteria
129:Chisholm
108:Family:
78:Phylum:
72:Bacteria
68:Domain:
4096:3215941
4015:Q310210
3923:1095327
3897:3215940
3651:MED4".
3626:Bibcode
3581:5502607
3550:Bibcode
3466:Bibcode
3429:6102989
3400:Bibcode
3361:5764940
3304:4421930
3189:5111396
3105:Bibcode
3097:Science
3000:Bibcode
2959:Bibcode
2923:2941326
2892:Bibcode
2834:Bibcode
2798:4344597
2760:Bibcode
2645:Bibcode
2612:1352191
2591:Bibcode
2424:Bibcode
2358:Bibcode
2321:4344597
2293:Bibcode
2236:Bibcode
2170:3549275
2142:Bibcode
2134:Science
2109:2493173
2088:Bibcode
2058:3196592
2030:Bibcode
2022:Science
1994:3683724
1971:Bibcode
1924:Bibcode
1891:1482627
1868:Bibcode
1642:Bibcode
1590:4373102
1570:Bibcode
1531:Bibcode
1488:Bibcode
1452:2151091
1380:1682016
990:NATL2A
980:NATL1A
780:AS9601
740:EQPAC1
725:Source
719:Strain
710:Strains
657:subsp.
643:marinus
641:subsp.
559:Ecology
549:E. coli
502:Marine
268:of the
118:Genus:
98:Order:
88:Class:
4200:345516
4187:125543
4174:771087
4161:345516
4122:610077
4083:PCRCMA
4070:904530
3988:345515
3975:771085
3936:610076
3910:356608
3884:1PCRCG
3673:
3588:
3578:
3570:
3504:
3497:187748
3494:
3486:
3436:
3426:
3418:
3368:
3358:
3350:
3311:
3301:
3293:
3196:
3186:
3178:
3139:
3131:
3123:
3069:
3061:
3020:
2930:
2920:
2912:
2860:
2852:
2796:
2788:
2780:
2752:Nature
2727:
2717:
2663:
2619:
2609:
2499:
2489:
2450:
2442:
2388:
2381:187748
2378:
2319:
2311:
2284:Nature
2205:
2168:
2160:
2116:
2106:
2056:
2048:
2001:
1991:
1942:
1898:
1888:
1836:
1826:
1780:
1772:
1660:
1588:
1561:Nature
1459:
1449:
1387:
1377:
1328:
1080:SS120
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