605:
215:
308:
328:
646:
375:
340:
701:
223:
363:
292:
728:(CATRA) in the UK, a range of devices can accurately determine the cutting edge profile, including a rounding of the tip to ½°. The included angle of a blade is important in controlling its cutting ability and edge strength—i.e., a low angle makes a thin sharp edge optimized for cutting softer materials, while a large angle makes a thick edge that is less sharp but stronger, which may be better for cutting harder materials.
451:. It used the signals from two crossed antennas, or four individual antennas simulating two crossed ones, to re-create the radio signal in a small area between two loops of wire. The operator could then measure the angle to the target radio source by performing direction finding within this small area. The advantage to the Bellini–Tosi system is that the antennas do not move, allowing them to be built at any required size.
280:
585:
38:
391:
101:
161:
264:
an angle between the beam and the blade of 90° or less, the reading may be obtained directly from the graduation number on the dial indicated by the mark on the swivel plate. To measure an angle of over 90°, subtract the number of degrees as indicated on the dial from 180°, as the dial is graduated from opposite zero marks to 90° each way.
566:
application developers have created mobile applications that provide the functions of a goniometer. These applications (such as Knee
Goniometer and Goniometer Pro) use the accelerometers in phones to calculate joint angles. Recent research supports these applications and their devices as reliable and
263:
The bevel protractor consists of a beam, a graduated dial, and a blade which is connected to a swivel plate (with
Vernier scale) by a thumb nut and clamp. When the edges of the beam and blade are parallel, a small mark on the swivel plate coincides with the zero line on the graduated dial. To measure
752:
processes, can be inspected with a goniometer, typically with a built-in light source, to examine the blade edge for wear and correct angles. A difference in angle from that set on the machine may indicate excessive pressure, and a range of angles ("rounding") probably indicates a lack of stiffness,
636:
and manufactured by ramé-hart (now ramé-hart instrument company), New Jersey, USA. The original manual contact angle goniometer used an eyepiece with a microscope. Today's contact angle goniometer uses a camera and software to capture and analyze the drop shape, and is better suited for dynamic and
526:
of limbs and joints of the body. These measurements help accurately track progress in a rehabilitation program. When a patient has decreased range of motion, a therapist assesses the joint before performing an intervention, and continues to use the tool to monitor progress. The therapist can take
558:
These goniometers come in different forms that some argue increase reliability. The universal standard goniometer is a plastic or metal tool with 1 degree increments. The arms are usually not longer than 12-inches, so it can be hard to accurately pinpoint the exact landmark for measurement. The
570:
Modern rehabilitative therapy motion capture systems perform goniometry at the very least measuring active range of motion. While in some cases accuracy may be inferior to a goniometer, measuring angles with a motion capture system is superior at measuring during dynamic, as opposed to static
267:
Since the spaces, both on the main scale and the
Vernier scale, are numbered both to the right and the left from zero, any angle can be measured. The readings can be taken either to the right or to the left, according to the direction in which the zero on the main scale is moved.
665:
between any two liquids. If the difference in densities between the two fluids is known, the surface tension or interfacial tension can be calculated by the pendant drop method. An advanced instrument often called a goniometer / tensiometer includes software tools that measure
527:
these range of motion measurements at any joint. They typically require knowledge about the anatomy of the body, particularly bony landmarks. For example, when measuring the knee joint, the therapist places the axis (point of rotation) on the lateral
454:
The basic technique remains in use, although the equipment has changed dramatically. Goniometers are widely used for military and civil purposes, e.g. interception of satellite and naval communications on the French warship
649:
Surface tension exists because the molecules inside a liquid experience roughly equal cohesive forces in all directions, but molecules at the surface experience larger attractive forces toward the liquid than toward
307:
712:—however, rather than move linearly relative to its base, the stage platform rotates partially about a fixed axis above the mounting surface of the platform. Positioning goniometers typically use a
234:
are attached to give more precise readings. It has wide application in architectural and mechanical drawing, although its use is decreasing with the availability of modern drawing software or
716:
with a partial worm wheel fixed to the underside of the stage platform meshing with a worm in the base. The worm gear may be rotated manually, or by a motor in automated positioning systems.
1258:
571:
situations. Furthermore, using a traditional goniometer takes valuable time. In the clinical context, performing manual measurements takes valuable time and may not be practical.
559:
telescopic-armed goniometer is more reliable—with a plastic circular axis like a classic goniometer, but with arms that extend to as long as two feet in either direction.
986:
Milanese, Gordon. "Reliability and concurrent validity of knee angle measurement: Smart phone app versus universal goniometer used by experienced and novice clinicians".
725:
327:
1251:
857:
339:
1553:
629:
241:
Universal bevel protractors are also used by toolmakers; as they measure angles by mechanical contact they are classed as mechanical protractors.
1563:
1244:
944:
1600:
708:
A positioning goniometer or goniometric stage is a device that rotates an object precisely about a fixed axis in space. It is similar to a
555:
may increase as the experience of the examiner decreases. Some studies suggest that these errors can be anywhere between 5 and 10 degrees.
510:
evaluators to determine a permanent disability. This is to evaluate progress, and also for medico-legal purposes. It is a tool to evaluate
374:
1528:
456:
436:
919:
201:
1605:
724:
The included cutting angles of all kinds of sharp edge blades are measured using a laser reflecting goniometer. Developed by the
909:
551:
is sometimes a problem with goniometers. Issues with the intra-measure (between measures) and inter-tester (between clinicians)
230:
A bevel protractor is a graduated circular protractor with one pivoted arm; used for measuring or marking off angles. Sometimes
291:
1630:
624:, advancing and receding contact angles, and sometimes surface tension. The first contact angle goniometer was designed by
214:
1615:
1610:
617:
608:
In a contact angle measurement, the angle between the droplet and solid surface indicates the wettability of the surface.
506:
A goniometer is used to document initial and subsequent range of motion, at the visits for occupational injuries, and by
49:
is an instrument that either measures an angle or allows an object to be rotated to a precise angular position. The term
1309:
1107:
1006:
704:
A miniature electro-mechanical goniometer stage. This type of stage is used primarily in the field of lasers and optics.
604:
472:
31:
279:
179:
362:
244:
The bevel protractor is used to establish and test angles to very close tolerances. It reads to 5 arcminutes (5′ or
66:
679:
522:
In physical therapy, occupational therapy, Orthotics and prosthetics and athletic training, a goniometer measures
1620:
1568:
961:
1108:"Concurrent validity and reliability of the simple goniometer iphone app compared with the universal goniometer"
1007:"Concurrent validity and reliability of the simple goniometer iPhone app compared with the universal goniometer"
1625:
552:
136:
1533:
1523:
1518:
817:
314:
135:. Most protractors are divided into 180 equal parts. Some precision protractors further divide degrees into
1558:
1548:
1304:
772:
695:
440:
171:
1538:
645:
144:
1231:
1578:
1573:
1279:
1267:
762:
395:
113:
873:
1543:
1389:
1324:
671:
662:
353:
120:. Some protractors are simple half-discs or full circles. More advanced protractors, such as the
1474:
1299:
1148:
1047:
683:
532:
495:
547:, and records a measurement using the degree scale on the circular portion of the tool. Reading
511:
700:
54:
1364:
1344:
1140:
1088:
1039:
940:
915:
883:
878:
480:
1359:
1319:
1179:
1130:
1122:
1078:
1029:
1021:
633:
222:
1424:
847:
812:
790:
667:
658:
613:
597:
523:
491:
468:
183:
471:, goniometers are used for measuring angles between crystal faces. They are also used in
674:
using the pendant drop, inverted pendant drop, and sessile drop methods, in addition to
1499:
1494:
1419:
1314:
625:
593:
128:
539:. Finally, the therapist lines up the moveable arm of the goniometer with the lateral
1594:
1504:
1484:
1454:
1379:
1374:
852:
675:
621:
589:
231:
89:
1226:
1168:"Goniometer-apps in hand surgery and their applicability in daily clinical practice"
1152:
1051:
584:
1464:
1449:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1404:
1369:
1339:
1329:
1284:
824:
783:
778:
737:
709:
476:
448:
37:
1126:
1025:
1354:
1334:
1236:
444:
74:
81:
is a commonly used type in the fields of mechanics, engineering, and geometry.
1479:
1469:
1414:
1384:
1349:
1294:
1184:
1167:
713:
563:
528:
507:
408:
347:
124:, have one or two swinging arms, which can be used to help measure the angle.
887:
41:
Goniometer made by
Develey le Jeune in Lausanne, late 18th–early 19th century
1394:
767:
540:
412:
390:
318:
140:
85:
1144:
1092:
1083:
1066:
1043:
494:
measure the spatial distribution of light visible to the human eye (often
17:
1459:
1289:
745:
682:
relates the contact angles to the adhesion of the drop to the surface. A
548:
861:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 234.
498:) at specific angular positions, usually covering all spherical angles.
100:
1444:
803:
749:
741:
416:
298:
132:
1135:
1067:"Validation of a novel smartphone accelerometer-based knee goniometer"
1034:
475:
to rotate the samples. The groundbreaking investigations of physicist
544:
1409:
937:
André-Louis
Cholesky: Mathematician, Topographer, and Army Officer
796:
699:
603:
583:
536:
389:
221:
213:
117:
99:
62:
36:
846:
793: – Measuring instruments which monitor and control a process
1489:
1240:
686:
measures the reflectivity of a surface at a number of angles.
235:
154:
588:
Surface scientists use a contact angle goniometer to measure
567:
valid tools with as much accuracy as a universal goniometer.
317:" double-protractor, in foreground, named after its inventor
423:
by Petri
Appiani as a 16-page appendix by Frisius entitled
398:
optical (2) goniometers for use in crystallography, c. 1900
1199:
84:
The first known description of a goniometer, based on the
1227:
Reference for the famous Chain Home
British Radar of WWII
1166:
Kuegler, P.; Wurzer, P.; Tuca, A.; et al. (2015).
531:
of the femur, and lines up the stationary arm with the
116:, typically made of transparent plastic, for measuring
616:, an instrument called a contact angle goniometer or
808:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
514:(findings that may indicate symptom magnification.)
1200:"Markerless Motion Capture. Biomechanical Analysis"
827: – Area of geometry, about angles and lengths
333:A half circle protractor marked in degrees (180°).
104:A half-circle protractor marked in degrees (180°).
131:(°). Radian-scale protractors measure angles in
935:Brezinski, Claude; Tournès, Dominique (2014).
726:Cutlery and Allied Trades Research Association
720:Knife and blade cutting edge angle measurement
419:was described in the second (1533) edition of
1252:
654:
8:
345:
182:. There might be a discussion about this on
562:More recently in the twenty-first century,
260:°) and can measure angles from 0° to 450°.
1259:
1245:
1237:
425:Libellus de locorum describendorum ratione
1183:
1134:
1082:
1033:
202:Learn how and when to remove this message
644:
837:
753:or wear, in the blade holder assembly.
630:United States Naval Research Laboratory
380:Protractor scale in degrees and radians
275:
415:. The application of triangulation to
962:"Radio receiver workload accelerates"
914:. Industrial Press Inc. p. 580.
7:
872:Capotosto, Rosario (December 1993).
285:A 360° protractor marked in degrees.
911:Handbook of Dimensional Measurement
127:Most protractors measure angles in
1115:Physiotherapy: Theory and Practice
1014:Physiotherapy: Theory and Practice
960:Boucher, Jacqueline (3 May 2007).
908:Farago, Francis T; Curtis (1994).
25:
1232:Simulator of goniometer in degree
373:
361:
338:
326:
306:
290:
278:
159:
1399:
845:Spencer, Leonard James (1911).
483:in 1912 involved a goniometer.
297:A 400 gon protractor marked in
407:Prior to the invention of the
218:A half-circle bevel protractor
53:derives from two Greek words,
1:
661:for any liquid in gas or the
437:Bellini–Tosi direction finder
411:, the goniometer was used in
226:A universal bevel protractor.
1310:Coordinate-measuring machine
1127:10.3109/09593985.2014.900835
1026:10.3109/09593985.2014.900835
680:centrifugal adhesion balance
481:atomic structure of crystals
1601:Angle measuring instruments
1071:The Journal of Knee Surgery
775:for drawing circles or arcs
459:uses multiple goniometers.
32:Goniometer (disambiguation)
1647:
1065:Ockendon, Matthew (2012).
693:
443:that was widely used from
139:. A protractor divided in
121:
29:
27:Angle measuring instrument
1513:
1275:
1185:10.1186/s40886-015-0003-4
655:Contact angle goniometers
1554:Machine and metalworking
874:"Bridge City Protractor"
580:Contact angle goniometer
479:and colleagues into the
1606:Dimensional instruments
1564:Measuring and alignment
858:Encyclopædia Britannica
818:Technical drawing tools
806: – radio range set
732:Doctor blade inspection
657:can also determine the
315:Cras navigation plotter
1084:10.1055/s-0031-1299669
1005:Jones, Sealey (2014).
773:Compass (drawing tool)
705:
696:Positioning goniometer
651:
609:
601:
518:Rehabilitative therapy
441:radio direction finder
399:
346:
227:
219:
143:is normally called a "
105:
42:
1631:Surveying instruments
939:. Basel: Birkhäuser.
703:
648:
607:
587:
393:
368:Electronic protractor
225:
217:
145:percentage protractor
103:
40:
1616:Occupational therapy
1611:Laboratory equipment
1529:Cutting and abrasive
1365:Laser measuring tool
620:measures the static
352:, a special type of
172:confusing or unclear
114:measuring instrument
30:For other uses, see
1270:and alignment tools
672:interfacial tension
663:interfacial tension
421:Cosmograficus liber
354:protractor triangle
180:clarify the article
1475:Thread pitch gauge
1300:Combination square
848:"Goniometer"
706:
684:gonioreflectometer
652:
637:advanced studies.
610:
602:
533:greater trochanter
496:luminous intensity
400:
228:
220:
106:
43:
1588:
1587:
1280:Architect's scale
1106:Jones, A (2014).
946:978-3-319-08134-2
879:Popular Mechanics
763:Birkhoff's axioms
487:Light measurement
473:X-ray diffraction
212:
211:
204:
16:(Redirected from
1638:
1621:Physical therapy
1360:Laser line level
1325:Engineer's scale
1320:Drafting machine
1261:
1254:
1247:
1238:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1172:Safety in Health
1163:
1157:
1156:
1138:
1112:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1086:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1037:
1011:
1002:
996:
995:
983:
977:
976:
974:
972:
957:
951:
950:
932:
926:
925:
905:
899:
898:
896:
894:
869:
863:
862:
850:
842:
809:
634:Washington, D.C.
492:Goniophotometers
394:Manual (1), and
377:
365:
351:
342:
330:
310:
294:
282:
259:
257:
256:
253:
250:
207:
200:
196:
193:
187:
163:
162:
155:
122:bevel protractor
21:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1626:Surface science
1591:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1509:
1425:Sliding T bevel
1271:
1265:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1208:
1206:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1009:
1004:
1003:
999:
985:
984:
980:
970:
968:
959:
958:
954:
947:
934:
933:
929:
922:
907:
906:
902:
892:
890:
871:
870:
866:
844:
843:
839:
834:
813:Sliding T bevel
807:
791:Instrumentation
759:
734:
722:
698:
692:
668:surface tension
659:surface tension
643:
641:Surface tension
614:surface science
598:surface tension
582:
577:
575:Surface science
524:range of motion
520:
512:Waddell's signs
504:
489:
469:crystallography
465:
463:Crystallography
433:
431:Communications
405:
388:
381:
378:
369:
366:
357:
343:
334:
331:
322:
311:
302:
295:
286:
283:
274:
254:
251:
248:
247:
245:
208:
197:
191:
188:
177:
164:
160:
153:
98:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1644:
1642:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1593:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1519:Types of tools
1515:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1505:Winding sticks
1502:
1497:
1495:Weighing scale
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1345:Gunter's chain
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1315:Diagonal scale
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1222:
1221:External links
1219:
1216:
1215:
1191:
1158:
1121:(7): 512–516.
1098:
1077:(4): 341–345.
1057:
1020:(7): 512–516.
997:
988:Manual Therapy
978:
966:army.mil/-news
952:
945:
927:
920:
900:
882:. p. 76.
864:
853:Chisholm, Hugh
836:
835:
833:
830:
829:
828:
821:
820:
815:
810:
800:
799:
794:
787:
786:
781:
776:
770:
765:
758:
755:
733:
730:
721:
718:
694:Main article:
691:
688:
642:
639:
626:William Zisman
594:surface energy
581:
578:
576:
573:
519:
516:
503:
500:
488:
485:
464:
461:
439:was a type of
432:
429:
404:
401:
396:Mitscherlich's
387:
384:
383:
382:
379:
372:
370:
367:
360:
358:
344:
337:
335:
332:
325:
323:
312:
305:
303:
296:
289:
287:
284:
277:
273:
270:
232:Vernier scales
210:
209:
192:September 2020
167:
165:
158:
152:
149:
97:
94:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1643:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1485:Vernier scale
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1380:Measuring rod
1378:
1376:
1375:Marking gauge
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1269:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1250:
1248:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1205:
1201:
1195:
1192:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1162:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1008:
1001:
998:
993:
989:
982:
979:
967:
963:
956:
953:
948:
942:
938:
931:
928:
923:
921:0-8311-3053-9
917:
913:
912:
904:
901:
889:
885:
881:
880:
876:. Tool Test.
875:
868:
865:
860:
859:
854:
849:
841:
838:
831:
826:
823:
822:
819:
816:
814:
811:
805:
802:
801:
798:
795:
792:
789:
788:
785:
782:
780:
777:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
760:
756:
754:
751:
747:
743:
739:
738:doctor blades
731:
729:
727:
719:
717:
715:
711:
702:
697:
689:
687:
685:
681:
677:
676:contact angle
673:
669:
664:
660:
656:
647:
640:
638:
635:
631:
627:
623:
622:contact angle
619:
615:
606:
599:
595:
591:
590:contact angle
586:
579:
574:
572:
568:
565:
560:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
525:
517:
515:
513:
509:
501:
499:
497:
493:
486:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
462:
460:
458:
457:Dupuy de Lôme
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
430:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
402:
397:
392:
385:
376:
371:
364:
359:
355:
350:
349:
341:
336:
329:
324:
320:
316:
309:
304:
300:
293:
288:
281:
276:
271:
269:
265:
261:
242:
239:
237:
233:
224:
216:
206:
203:
195:
185:
184:the talk page
181:
175:
173:
168:This article
166:
157:
156:
150:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
125:
123:
119:
115:
111:
102:
95:
93:
91:
90:Gemma Frisius
87:
82:
80:
76:
72:
70:
64:
60:
58:
52:
48:
39:
33:
19:
1465:Tape measure
1450:Straightedge
1440:Steel square
1435:Spirit level
1430:Speed square
1405:Radius gauge
1370:Lesbian rule
1340:French curve
1330:Feeler gauge
1285:Beam compass
1207:. Retrieved
1203:
1194:
1175:
1171:
1161:
1118:
1114:
1101:
1074:
1070:
1060:
1017:
1013:
1000:
991:
987:
981:
971:21 September
969:. Retrieved
965:
955:
936:
930:
910:
903:
891:. Retrieved
877:
867:
856:
840:
825:Trigonometry
784:Inclinometer
779:French curve
735:
723:
710:linear stage
707:
653:
611:
569:
561:
557:
521:
505:
490:
477:Max von Laue
466:
453:
449:World War II
434:
424:
420:
406:
386:Applications
266:
262:
243:
240:
229:
198:
189:
178:Please help
169:
126:
109:
107:
83:
78:
68:
56:
50:
46:
44:
1579:Woodworking
1355:Laser level
1335:Flat spline
1204:EuMotus.com
690:Positioning
618:tensiometer
553:reliability
502:In medicine
445:World War I
1595:Categories
1480:Try square
1470:Theodolite
1415:Set square
1400:Protractor
1390:Micrometer
1385:Meterstick
1295:Chalk line
1209:2018-01-15
1136:2328/37026
1035:2328/37026
832:References
768:Centiturns
744:and other
714:worm drive
564:smartphone
529:epicondyle
508:disability
409:theodolite
348:Geodreieck
174:to readers
141:centiturns
137:arcminutes
110:protractor
96:Protractor
79:protractor
51:goniometry
47:goniometer
18:Protractor
1395:Plumb-bob
1268:Measuring
888:0032-4558
541:malleolus
413:surveying
403:Surveying
319:Jean Cras
92:in 1538.
88:, was by
86:astrolabe
1534:Forestry
1524:Cleaning
1460:T-square
1290:Calipers
1153:28719817
1145:24666408
1093:23150162
1052:28719817
1044:24666408
893:12 April
757:See also
746:printing
549:accuracy
299:gradians
67:μέτρον (
1559:Masonry
1549:Kitchen
1500:Wiggler
1445:Stencil
1420:Skirret
1305:Compass
855:(ed.).
804:SCR-277
750:coating
742:gravure
740:, from
628:of the
543:of the
535:of the
417:geodesy
356:(180°).
272:Gallery
258:
246:
170:may be
133:radians
129:degrees
77:'. The
75:measure
55:γωνία (
1569:Mining
1539:Garden
1455:Square
1178:: 11.
1151:
1143:
1091:
1050:
1042:
994:: 1–6.
943:
918:
886:
545:fibula
118:angles
69:métron
65:' and
1574:Power
1410:Ruler
1149:S2CID
1111:(PDF)
1048:S2CID
1010:(PDF)
851:. In
797:Romer
736:Used
537:femur
151:Bevel
112:is a
63:angle
57:gōnía
1544:Hand
1490:Vise
1141:PMID
1089:PMID
1040:PMID
973:2007
941:ISBN
916:ISBN
895:2020
884:ISSN
748:and
678:. A
670:and
650:gas.
596:and
435:The
1350:Jig
1180:doi
1131:hdl
1123:doi
1079:doi
1030:hdl
1022:doi
632:in
612:In
467:In
447:to
313:A "
236:CAD
147:".
1597::
1202:.
1174:.
1170:.
1147:.
1139:.
1129:.
1119:30
1117:.
1113:.
1087:.
1075:25
1073:.
1069:.
1046:.
1038:.
1028:.
1018:30
1016:.
1012:.
990:.
964:.
592:,
427:.
255:12
238:.
108:A
45:A
1260:e
1253:t
1246:v
1212:.
1188:.
1182::
1176:1
1155:.
1133::
1125::
1095:.
1081::
1054:.
1032::
1024::
992:5
975:.
949:.
924:.
897:.
600:.
321:.
301:.
252:/
249:1
205:)
199:(
194:)
190:(
186:.
176:.
73:'
71:)
61:'
59:)
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
