436:("the place the dogs are tied") stood on the wide plain where the base was built in 1951. (A main base street was named Pituffik Boulevard.) The affected locals moved to Thule. However, in 1953 the USAF planned to construct an air defense site near that village, and in order to prevent contact with soldiers in a way deemed "unhealthy", the Danish government forcibly relocated "Old Thule" with about 130 inhabitants to a newly constructed, modern village 60 miles (97 km) north, known as Qaanaaq, or "New Thule". In a Danish Supreme Court judgment of 28 November 2003 the move was considered an expropriative intervention. During the proceedings it was recognized by the Danish government that the movement was a serious interference and an unlawful act against the local population. The Thule tribe was awarded damages of 500,000 kroner, and the individual members of the tribe who had been exposed to the transfer were granted compensation of 15,000 or 25,000 each. A Danish radio station continued to operate at Dundas, and the abandoned houses remained. The USAF only used that site for about a decade, and it has since returned to civilian use.
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Ways of living so far north and in such severe climatic conditions are passed on from generation to generation, and this ability to adapt has contributed to the survival of this small settlement. When the sea becomes open sometime around August, large dinghies with powerful engines are used for both
591:
There is a small hospital (built in the 1950s and rebuilt in 1996) in
Qaanaaq with basic health care offered. More advanced care requires transfer to other medical centers in Greenland by air. Dental care is offered in the form of a dentist who visits the town twice a year. Qaanaaq Hospital falls
522:
The local school, Avanersuup
Atuarfia, has around 120 pupils in forms 1 to 10. There is also a boarding school which holds about 20 students from surrounding settlements. The town kindergarten has a capacity of 34 children while the day nursery can hold up to 12.
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lasts from the middle of April to the end of August. Scarcity of resources requires they use every part of a harvested animal: the skins are used for clothing and covering the kayaks; the flesh and
646:
With 646 inhabitants as of 2020, Qaanaaq is the largest settlement in the far north of the country. Its population has been relatively stable with only minor fluctuations since the mid-1990s.
1805:
Murray, Louise. 2006. "On Thin Ice β Louise Murray
Travels to Qaanaaq in Northern Greenland to See the Effect That Climate Change Is Having on Subsistence Hunters and Their Prey".
652:
422:
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689:), and hence it has long, cold winters. July and August are the warmest months, and peak high temperatures rarely exceeding 20 Β°C (68 Β°F) occur in June and July.
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Facing the Future
Inughuit Youth of Qaanaaq : Report of the 1998 University of Nijmegen Student Expedition to Qaanaaq, Thule District, Northern Greenland
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listening station called IS-18, which uses an array of barometric sensors to detect possible nuclear tests around the world. The station is maintained by the
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31 km (19 mi) to the north within four days. The settlement was subsequently moved another 100 km (62 mi) to the north.
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369:. As they lost access to open water due to thickening sea ice, they lost the ability to build boats and had limited hunting opportunities.
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caused the semi-nomadic Thule culture in
Greenland to fragment into isolated groups, with inhabitants of the northwest diverging as the
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266:. The town has a population of 646 as of 2020. The population was forcibly relocated from its former, traditional home, which was
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in the world. Within
Greenland, it is the northernmost major town and the third northernmost public settlement, after nearby
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tusks are carved into finely-worked figures, jewellery and hunting implements; and feathers can be used in handicrafts.
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in 1892. It served as a base camp for his expeditions and attracted a permanent population. In 1910 explorers
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hunting trips and ordinary journeys. There is still sunlight twenty-four hours a day at this timeβthe
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Knud
Rasmussen was the first to recognize the Pituffik plain as ideal for an airport. USAAF Colonel
2019:
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421:("heart-shaped"), and the site is commonly called "Dundas" today. The United States abandoned its
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Language
Relations Across Bering Strait: Reappraising the Archaeological and Linguistic Evidence
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There are a few unpaved dirt roads in
Qaanaaq. Only one road leaves the town β it connects to
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established a missionary and trading post there. They called the site "Thule" after classical
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which followed the same migration route around 1100 CE. By 1600, climatic effects of the
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1829:"How one of the coldest, darkest towns on Earth is trying to get more energy from the sun"
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The city, with its relatively low population and tradition of hunting, currently has more
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The town of
Qaanaaq was established in the winter of 1953 when the United States expanded
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flying boats to Thule on 24 August 1942 and then sent a report advocating an air base to
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Population in Localities January 1st by place of birth, gender, locality and time
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16:"Thule, Greenland" redirects here. For the United States Space Force base, see
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The Qaanaaq area in northern Greenland was first settled around 2000 BCE by
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The CTBTO micro-barometer array, located about a mile outside of the city
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migrating from the Canadian Arctic. These people were displaced by the
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built a support station by a protected harbor at the foot of iconic
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Qaasuitsup Municipality | Qaanaaq | qaasuitsup-kp.cowi.webhouse.dk
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1625:"IS18, Qaanaaq, Greenland, Denmark: CTBTO Preparatory Commission"
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Qaanaaq has a cold tundra climate (KΓΆppen climate classification
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A small local fire brigade is assisted by firefighters from the
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1807:
Geographical : the Royal Geographical Society Magazine
1315:(precipitation, precipitation days and sunshine 1961β1990)
447:, knew Rasmussen and his idea. Balchen led a flight of two
1490:"Icy Imprisonment: The 1849 Voyage of the HMS North Star"
619:, which is represented by a 17-member council and mayor.
579:. Pickup trucks and SUVs are found in Qaanaaq, but skis,
583:
and walking are better alternatives for getting around.
1748:"Climatological Standard Normals 1991β2020 β Greenland"
1580:
Practical info β The Official Tourism Site of Greenland
1654:"Listening for Nuclear Tests at the Top of the World"
1853:
Tour Qaanaaq Municipality Facilities | reocities.com
274:
in 1953. The inhabitants of Qaanaaq speak the local
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Muskox Land: Ellesmere Island in the Age of Contact
317:Qaanaaq is located in the northern entrance of the
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1858:The Most Northern Place | themostnorthernplace.com
429:. Denmark assumed control of the village in 1937.
1727:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1702:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
662:Qaanaaq population growth dynamics, 1991β2010.
425:in 1917 in connection with the purchase of the
258:, is the main town in the northern part of the
506:are eaten by humans and domestic animals; the
376:'s expedition made first contact with nomadic
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1816:. Nijmegen: Nijmegen University Press, 1999.
8:
477:A 48.6-kilogram (107-pound) fragment of the
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1698:"Thule Air Base Climate Normals 1961β1990"
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2367:Populated places established in the 1950s
466:and forcibly relocated the population of
1894:Cities, towns, and villages in Greenland
1441:. Open Linguistic Press, Cassell, 1998.
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1776:"04205: Mittarfik Qaanaaq (Greenland)"
1324:(temperatures and humidity 1995β2020)
25:Place in Greenland, Kingdom of Denmark
1660:from the original on 12 December 2021
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696:Climate data for Qaanaaq (1995β2020)
349:techniques in the waters off Qaanaaq.
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7:
2372:Populated places of Arctic Greenland
615:The town is part of the region of
14:
2377:1950s establishments in Greenland
1723:"Thule Climate Normals 1961β1990"
592:under the Avannaa health region.
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651:
560:. Settlement flights operate to
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58:
41:
1557:. Air Greenland. Archived from
1396:"What time is it in Greenland?"
1322:Danish Meteorological Institute
636:Danish Meteorological Institute
99:
66:
1827:Kaplan, Sarah (9 March 2024).
1534:qaasuitsup-kp.cowi.webhouse.dk
587:Medical and emergency services
552:, with further connections to
423:territorial claims in the area
329:, near the head of the fjord.
272:a United States Air Force base
1:
2362:Populated places in Greenland
395:1849β50 and named landmarks.
380:(Polar Eskimos) in the area.
313:Qaanaaq and its surroundings.
262:municipality in northwestern
627:Qaanaaq is home to a remote
1466:University of Calgary Press
1169:Average precipitation days
955:Mean daily minimum Β°C (Β°F)
815:Mean daily maximum Β°C (Β°F)
432:A cluster of huts known as
2393:
1782:. OGIMET. 20 December 2021
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243:Greenlandic pronunciation:
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572:via Pituffik Space Base.
449:Consolidated PBY Catalina
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79:Location within Greenland
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1686:Population in localities
270:for the construction of
1528:Administrator, Odeum.
677:than human residents.
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417:; the Inuit called it
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289:Qaanaaq is one of the
1652:(12 September 2016).
605:
492:
384:'s expedition aboard
340:
312:
250:), formerly known as
144:77.46667Β°N 69.23056Β°W
82:Show map of Greenland
1682:Statistics Greenland
1592:"Qaanaaq, Greenland"
1437:Fortescue, Michael.
1357:Statistics Greenland
745:Record high Β°C (Β°F)
666:Statistics Greenland
445:Sondrestrom Air Base
278:and many also speak
1492:. 3 September 2014.
1468:. pp. 11, 29.
1458:Dick, Lyle (2001).
1025:Record low Β°C (Β°F)
885:Daily mean Β°C (Β°F)
597:Pituffik Space Base
542:fixed-wing aircraft
479:Cape York meteorite
464:Pituffik Space Base
149:77.46667; -69.23056
140: /
18:Pituffik Space Base
2035:Upernavik Kujalleq
1400:visitgreenland.com
608:
564:, sporadically to
495:
457:Henry "Hap" Arnold
351:
325:is located in the
315:
291:northernmost towns
207: β’ Total
171:Autonomous country
164:Kingdom of Denmark
115:Show map of Arctic
2349:
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2326:Qeqertarsuatsiaat
1475:978-1-55238-050-5
1366:978-87-986787-7-9
1328:
1327:
1218:relative humidity
554:Ilulissat Airport
550:Upernavik Airport
544:services between
345:man demonstrates
321:. The village of
247:[qaΛnΙΛq]
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2291:Ittoqqortoormiit
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1594:. Archived from
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1561:on 22 April 2010
1555:"Booking system"
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1598:on 8 March 2016
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393:North Star Bay
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211:
208:
204:
203:
199:
198:
195:
191:
190:
185:
179:
178:
173:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
122:
121:
111:
105:
104:
97:
96:
90:
89:
88:
87:
78:
72:
71:
64:
63:
57:
56:
55:
54:
53:
50:
49:
46:
38:
37:
34:
31:
24:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2389:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2296:Kangilinnguit
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2243:Kangerlussuaq
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2210:Niaqornaarsuk
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2185:Qasigiannguit
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2127:Qorlortorsuaq
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2082:Eqalugaarsuit
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2072:Alluitsup Paa
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1876:
1874:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1823:
1822:90-5710-078-9
1819:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1781:
1777:
1771:
1768:
1756:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1703:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1645:
1642:
1630:
1629:www.ctbto.org
1626:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1547:
1535:
1531:
1524:
1521:
1506:
1499:
1496:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1447:0-304-70330-3
1444:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1331:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:Mean monthly
1262:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1167:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1098:
1097:precipitation
1093:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
953:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
883:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
813:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
743:
699:
694:
690:
688:
680:
678:
676:
668:
667:
660:
654:
647:
641:
639:
637:
633:
630:
623:CTBTO Station
622:
620:
618:
610:
604:
600:
598:
593:
586:
584:
582:
578:
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
538:Air Greenland
534:
526:
524:
517:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
491:
484:
482:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
441:Bernt Balchen
437:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
415:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
389:
383:
379:
375:
372:In 1818, Sir
370:
368:
364:
360:
359:Thule culture
356:
355:Paleo-Eskimos
348:
344:
339:
332:
330:
328:
324:
320:
311:
304:
302:
300:
296:
292:
287:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
240:
229:
222:
219:
217:
209:
196:
194:First settled
189:
186:
184:
177:
174:
172:
165:
162:
153:
125:Coordinates:
94:
61:
44:
29:
23:
19:
2190:Qeqertarsuaq
2180:Ikerasaarsuk
1979:
1832:
1813:
1806:
1784:. Retrieved
1779:
1770:
1758:. Retrieved
1754:
1742:
1730:. Retrieved
1717:
1705:. Retrieved
1692:
1664:20 September
1662:. Retrieved
1644:
1634:19 September
1632:. Retrieved
1628:
1600:. Retrieved
1596:the original
1586:
1575:
1563:. Retrieved
1559:the original
1549:
1539:13 September
1537:. Retrieved
1533:
1523:
1511:. Retrieved
1498:
1484:
1460:
1453:
1438:
1433:
1421:. Retrieved
1417:
1408:
1399:
1390:
1378:. Retrieved
1351:
1099:mm (inches)
686:
684:
672:
663:
645:
626:
614:
594:
590:
574:
536:
521:
500:midnight sun
496:
476:
461:
443:, who built
438:
431:
418:
414:ultima Thule
412:
401:Mount Dundas
397:Robert Peary
387:
371:
352:
316:
288:
268:expropriated
255:
251:
238:
237:
183:Municipality
22:
2341:Tiilerilaaq
2331:Sermiligaaq
2258:Sarfannguit
2200:Kangaatsiaq
2170:Iginniarfik
2102:Narsarmijit
2067:Aappilattoq
1965:Nuugaatsiaq
1910:Aappilattoq
1786:21 December
1732:14 February
1707:14 February
1656:. YouTube.
1380:6 September
280:Kalaallisut
227:Postal code
147: /
2356:Categories
2301:Kapisillit
2273:Sermersooq
2238:Kangaamiut
2147:Qeqertalik
2117:Qassiarsuk
2107:Narsarsuaq
2092:Nanortalik
2077:Ammassivik
2025:Ukkusissat
2015:Siorapaluk
2010:Savissivik
1960:Nutaarmiut
1945:Kullorsuaq
1935:Innaarsuit
1780:ogimet.com
1755:www.dmi.dk
1650:Scott, Tom
1602:21 January
1332:References
1320:Source 2:
1311:Source 1:
1171:(β₯ 1.0 mm)
642:Population
632:infrasound
611:Government
570:Savissivik
562:Siorapaluk
388:North Star
299:Siorapaluk
202:Population
135:69Β°13β²50β³W
132:77Β°28β²00β³N
2248:Maniitsoq
2195:Kangerluk
2122:Qassimiut
2040:Uummannaq
2030:Upernavik
1955:Niaqornat
1930:Ilulissat
1925:Illorsuit
1902:Avannaata
1530:"Qaanaaq"
1414:"Qaanaaq"
1375:1602-5709
617:Avannaata
568:, and to
540:operates
527:Transport
518:Education
374:John Ross
305:Geography
264:Greenland
260:Avannaata
256:New Thule
216:Time zone
188:Avannaata
176:Greenland
2336:Tasiilaq
2311:Kuummiit
2263:Sisimiut
2160:Akunnaaq
2137:Tasiusaq
2112:Qaqortoq
2059:Kujalleq
2020:Tasiusaq
1995:Qeqertat
1990:Qeqertaq
1975:Oqaatsut
1970:Nuussuaq
1920:Ilimanaq
1915:Ikerasak
1760:14 March
1658:Archived
1423:27 March
1418:Mapcarta
1216:Average
1095:Average
1090:(β42.2)
1085:(β34.4)
1080:(β26.5)
1075:(β21.6)
1045:(β27.4)
1040:(β42.2)
1035:(β40.0)
1030:(β40.9)
970:(β15.3)
965:(β16.2)
960:(β13.4)
664:Source:
581:dogsleds
566:Moriusaq
468:Pituffik
434:Pituffik
367:Inughuit
347:kayaking
323:Qeqertat
295:Qeqertat
2321:Paamiut
2306:Kulusuk
2286:Isertoq
2253:Napasoq
2233:Itilleq
2228:Atammik
2220:Qeqqata
2175:Ikamiut
2155:Aasiaat
2132:Saarloq
2087:Igaliku
2000:Saattut
1985:Qaarsut
1980:Qaanaaq
1950:Naajaat
1513:13 July
1505:"Thule"
1065:(19.9)
1060:(26.6)
1055:(20.5)
1050:(β9.6)
1015:(β6.0)
1005:(15.6)
1000:(27.0)
995:(37.2)
990:(38.1)
985:(31.8)
980:(16.7)
975:(β2.7)
950:(16.1)
935:(19.9)
930:(31.3)
925:(41.9)
920:(43.9)
915:(37.4)
910:(25.3)
900:(β7.1)
895:(β9.4)
890:(β7.1)
880:(22.5)
870:(14.4)
865:(24.4)
860:(36.3)
855:(47.1)
850:(50.0)
845:(43.5)
840:(32.9)
835:(17.1)
825:(β2.4)
820:(β0.6)
810:(69.6)
805:(46.9)
800:(48.2)
795:(54.5)
790:(55.9)
785:(63.7)
780:(68.5)
775:(69.6)
770:(57.2)
765:(42.8)
760:(49.6)
755:(39.4)
750:(42.6)
681:Climate
675:huskies
508:narwhal
485:Culture
378:Inuktun
333:History
239:Qaanaaq
197:2000 BC
106:Qaanaaq
73:Qaanaaq
47:Qaanaaq
32:Qaanaaq
2097:Narsaq
2005:Saqqaq
1820:
1565:9 June
1472:
1445:
1373:
1363:
1306:1,648
1164:(4.9)
1159:(0.3)
1154:(0.4)
1149:(0.5)
1144:(0.7)
1139:(0.9)
1134:(0.6)
1129:(0.3)
1124:(0.3)
1119:(0.2)
1114:(0.2)
1109:(0.2)
1104:(0.2)
1070:(4.3)
1020:(9.7)
1010:(4.1)
945:(0.0)
940:(9.3)
905:(7.2)
875:(5.7)
830:(1.6)
701:Month
512:walrus
472:Dundas
455:chief
419:Umanaq
284:Danish
221:UTC-02
2281:Arsuk
1809:. 32.
1751:(PDF)
1508:(PDF)
1259:67.4
1256:64.3
1253:61.7
1250:62.6
1247:63.2
1244:73.6
1241:76.1
1238:76.5
1235:70.1
1232:64.8
1229:64.9
1226:66.5
1223:64.1
1088:β41.2
1083:β36.9
1078:β32.5
1073:β29.8
1068:β15.4
1048:β23.1
1043:β33.0
1038:β41.2
1033:β40.0
1028:β40.5
1018:β12.4
1013:β21.1
1008:β15.5
973:β19.3
968:β26.3
963:β26.8
958:β25.2
943:β17.8
938:β12.6
903:β13.8
898:β21.7
893:β23.0
888:β21.7
873:β14.6
828:β16.9
823:β19.1
818:β18.1
740:Year
629:CTBTO
504:offal
453:USAAF
252:Thule
35:Thule
2316:Nuuk
2165:Attu
1818:ISBN
1788:2021
1762:2023
1734:2013
1709:2013
1666:2016
1636:2016
1604:2013
1567:2010
1541:2018
1515:2012
1470:ISBN
1443:ISBN
1425:2019
1382:2013
1371:ISSN
1361:ISBN
1313:NOAA
1294:155
1291:175
1288:271
1285:273
1282:316
1279:251
1276:150
1220:(%)
1063:β6.7
1058:β3.0
1053:β6.4
1003:β9.1
998:β2.8
983:β0.1
978:β8.5
948:β8.9
933:β6.7
928:β0.4
908:β3.7
878:β5.3
868:β9.8
863:β4.2
848:10.0
833:β8.3
808:20.9
793:12.5
788:13.3
783:17.6
778:20.3
773:20.9
768:14.0
737:Dec
734:Nov
731:Oct
728:Sep
725:Aug
722:Jul
719:Jun
716:May
713:Apr
710:Mar
707:Feb
704:Jan
556:and
548:and
510:and
470:and
407:and
386:HMS
343:Inuk
297:and
282:and
231:3971
1297:49
1211:31
1162:124
993:2.9
988:3.4
923:5.5
918:6.6
913:3.0
858:2.4
853:8.4
843:6.4
838:0.5
803:8.3
798:9.0
763:6.0
758:9.8
753:4.1
748:5.9
341:An
254:or
210:646
2358::
1831:.
1778:.
1753:.
1725:.
1700:.
1684:,
1674:^
1627:.
1612:^
1532:.
1464:.
1416:.
1398:.
1369:.
1359:.
1355:.
1340:^
1303:0
1300:0
1273:8
1270:0
1208:2
1205:3
1202:3
1199:4
1196:4
1193:4
1190:2
1187:2
1184:2
1181:1
1178:2
1175:2
1152:10
1147:12
1142:18
1137:24
1132:16
687:ET
599:.
301:.
286:.
1886:e
1879:t
1872:v
1835:.
1790:.
1764:.
1736:.
1711:.
1668:.
1638:.
1606:.
1569:.
1543:.
1517:.
1478:.
1427:.
1402:.
1384:.
1157:8
1127:7
1122:7
1117:6
1112:4
1107:6
1102:6
241:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.