552:, whom the Kurdish protesters in Vienna requested to be arrested and be put under travel ban. Warrants for their arrest were not issued until November 1989. The warrants have never been executed. Unlike the German Mykonos trial for the assassination of Ghassemlou's successor Sadegh Sharafkandi in Berlin, the assassination in Vienna was never clarified by any court. The Mykonos verdict of 1 April 1997 put the responsibility on the Iranian government of the time for the murders in Berlin and in Vienna.
44:
1034:
443:, Ayatollah Khomeini declared a "holy war" against the PDKI and Kurdistan. This was the start of confrontation of the party and the new state, which ended in a military defeat of the Kurdish rebels. In 1982 Ghassemlou, attempted to overthrow the Shia clerics in an alliance with the former and dismissed president of Iran
433:
considered their last hour participation in the revolution as "opportunistic". Kurds belonging to the party had overtaken the military compounds in the
Kurdish areas. Khomeini demanded all armed groups to become part of one revolutionary organization and requested that Kurdish soldiers "return" their
547:
The three representatives of Iran's government in the negotiations with the
Kurdish leaders returned to Iran freely. One of them had never been in custody, one was escorted by Austrian police to the Vienna airport nine days after the assassination, and the third, after one night of the arrest, spent
511:
The next day, 13 July 1989, Ghassemlou was killed by three bullets fired at very close range in the same room where the negotiation took place. His assistant
Ghaderi Azar was hit by eleven bullets and Rassoul by five. Hadji Moustafawi succeeded in escaping. Mohammad Jafar Sahraroudi received minor
417:
Ghassemlou went back to
Kurdistan in 1952 after completing his studies. He then spent several years as an active militant in the Kurdish military fields. In 1971, during the Third Congress of the PDKI, he was elected to the position of secretary general of the party, a position to which he was
543:"In late November 1989 the Austrian courts issued a warrant for the arrest of the three Iranian representatives and the Austrian Government expressly accused the Iranian Government as having instigated the attack on Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou."
873:
618:
438:
the referendum for the new constitution. Following two bloody confrontation between
Kurdish people and forces loyal to Khomeini, the Kurdish struggle turned into a war. Shortly, after the beginning of the
474:
Ghassemlou wrote a book on the history of Kurds and their land titled "Kurdistan and Kurd". It was first published in 1964 in Slovak, 1965 in
English, 1967 in Arabic, 1969 in Polish, and 1973 in Kurdish.
1139:
1184:
1129:
952:
342:
woman. His father was an adviser to the Shah of Iran, who gave him the title "Wussuq-e Divan." He completed his early education in Urmia and then in Tehran. He witnessed the era of the
1144:
1189:
512:
injuries and was taken to a hospital, questioned and allowed to go. Amir Mansur
Bozorgian was released after 24 hours in police custody and took refuge in the Iranian Embassy.
447:, but Banisadr declined to join his pro-Kurdish alliance due to ambitions for independence among the Kurds. The armed conflict continued up to 1984 in the middle of
930:
523:
on 17 September 1992 in the
Mykonos restaurant in Berlin, Germany. Abdullah Ghaderi Azar and Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou were buried on 20 July in Paris at
1194:
1159:
1149:
466:, the United Left of small socialist groupings, and the independent Islamist-leftist former president of Iran Abolhassan Bani Sadr in October 1981.
1114:
496:
The Tehran delegation was as before, namely
Mohammed Jafar Sahraroudi and Hadji Moustafawi, except that this time there was also a third member:
455:
200:
1124:
1061:
807:
569:
290:
187:
1164:
1154:
1134:
956:
62:
1119:
748:
520:
463:
1038:
1179:
1169:
1104:
1109:
711:
484:
440:
294:
459:
823:
Sreberny-Mohammadi, Annabelle; Ali
Mohammadi (January 1987). "Post-Revolutionary Iranian Exiles: A Study in Impotence".
227:
1174:
712:"I wrote the book to denounce the assassination by the Iranian regime and the complicity of the Austrian authorities"
738:
489:
In 1988, after the war had ended, the Iran government decided to meet with Ghassemlou. Several meetings followed in
1099:
426:
970:
524:
169:
314:
298:
123:
83:
493:, on 28 December, 30 December and 20 January 1989. Another meeting was set up for 13 July, again in Vienna.
261:
637:
501:
497:
990:
Terrorism Revisited: Islamism, Political Violence and State-Sponsorship (Contemporary South Asian Studies)
548:
a few months in the Iranian embassy in Vienna before he disappeared from Austria. One of the suspects was
231:
366:
317:, Iran to a wealthy feudal family, his father, Mohammad Vesugh Ghassemlou (b. 1875), was a landowning
1094:
1089:
378:
549:
43:
444:
351:
343:
318:
577:
500:
who was a bodyguard. The Kurds also had a three-man delegation: Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou, his aide
1071:
893:
840:
516:
422:
448:
803:
744:
776:
1004:
832:
394:
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362:
278:
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weapons. Ghasemlou demanded autonomy for Kurds and refused to lay down weapons. The party
406:
402:
398:
382:
374:
272:
874:
Introduction et Traduction de David Tokmatchi "40 Ans de Luttes: Abdul-Rahman Ghassemlou"
685:
505:
451:(1980–1988) where both countries supported the armed rebels in each other's territory.
390:
355:
332:
667:
1083:
286:
159:
907:
454:
After the defeat of the armed rebellion, Ghassemlou settled in Paris and joined the
336:
325:
321:
58:
715:
599:
885:
836:
754:
570:"The 1979 Assembly of Experts for the Drafting of the Constitution Election"
350:
at the age of 15. Ghassemlou moved to France to continue his studies at the
339:
1033:
430:
600:"The Legacy of Abdulrahman Ghassemlou, 25 Years After His Assassination"
844:
435:
149:
17:
974:
508:, an Iraqi Kurdish university professor who had acted as a mediator.
490:
177:
145:
289:
politician and leader. Ghassemlou was the Secretary-General of the
347:
329:
310:
173:
119:
458:
that was founded by the PDKI and other opposition forces such as
645:
623:
The Kurds in the Middle East: Enduring Problems and New Dynamics
536:
358:. They had two daughters together, Mina (1953) and Hewa (1955).
128:
740:
The Passion and Death of Rahman the Kurd: Dreaming Kurdistan
619:"Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou and the Kurdish Resistance in Iran"
931:"'A Darker Horizon': The Assassination of Shapour Bakhtiar"
953:"The life and death of Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou (1930-1989"
886:"USA: Iran's assassination of Dr. Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou"
297:
in 1989 by individuals suspected of being agents of the
346:
and became a co-founder member of the youth wing of
1140:
Members of the Assembly of Experts for Constitution
223:
215:
207:
194:
183:
165:
155:
135:
106:
101:
89:
79:
57:
34:
519:, succeeded Ghassemlou as secretary-general until
1185:Iranian elected officials who did not take office
1130:Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan politicians
862:(Kurdish ed.). Erbil: Rojhalat. p. 349.
418:reelected several times until his assassination.
1145:National Council of Resistance of Iran members
802:. Lynn Rienner Publishers. pp. 130–131.
504:(a member of the PDKI Central Committee) and
255:
8:
1190:Asian politicians assassinated in the 1980s
1044:
285:; 22 December 1930 – 13 July 1989) was an
42:
31:
335:tribe. His mother was Nana Jan Timsar, a
48:Tombe Dr Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou in Paris
561:
896:from the original on 14 December 2021.
576:, Princeton University, archived from
456:National Council of Resistance of Iran
361:Ghassemlou was fluent in 8 languages;
1062:Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan
971:"Dr. Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou Profile"
672:Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan
291:Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan
7:
1005:"The End of the Dispensable Iranian"
265:
63:Assembly of Experts for Constitution
574:The Iran Social Science Data Portal
354:. He met his wife Helen Krulich in
282:
256:
251:
636:Fatehi, Tara (27 September 2012).
25:
421:In 1979, his party supported the
1195:Politicians assassinated in 1989
1160:Assassinated Iranian politicians
1150:Assassinated Kurdish politicians
1032:
1003:Roya Hakakian (4 October 2007).
858:Ghassemlou, D. Abdul R. (2006).
714:. House of Lords. Archived from
710:Carol Prunhuber (26 May 2010).
1115:Iranian people murdered abroad
485:List of Iranian assassinations
27:Kurdish politician (1930–1989)
1:
668:"Dr. Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou"
1125:Deaths by firearm in Austria
1009:Spiegel Online International
686:"Dr Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou"
638:"Dr Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou"
397:. He was also familiar with
273:
228:Charles University in Prague
1165:Assassinated Kurdish people
1155:Iranian Kurdish politicians
1135:Iranian emigrants to France
929:Dan Geist (6 August 2011).
425:which ended in the fall of
293:(KDPI) from 1971 until his
1211:
1120:People murdered in Austria
988:Paulo Casaca, ed. (2017).
872:Gérard Chaliand. (2020).
482:
479:Assassination and funerals
427:Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi
1068:
1060:Secretary-General of the
1058:
1052:
1047:
837:10.1080/01436598708419964
737:Prunhuber, Carol (2010).
617:Prunhuber, Carol (2020).
464:National Democratic Front
237:
156:Manner of death
97:
68:
53:
41:
1048:Party political offices
800:Kurdish Ethnonationalism
798:Entessar, Nader (1992).
305:Early life and education
299:Islamic Republic of Iran
124:Imperial State of Persia
84:West Azerbaijan Province
1180:1989 murders in Austria
1170:Assassinated dissidents
1105:Iranian Assyrian people
1039:Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou
992:. Springer. p. 77.
441:armed Kurdish rebellion
244:Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou
36:Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou
1110:Iranian Kurdish people
545:
525:Père Lachaise Cemetery
462:, the liberal-leftist
232:University of Sorbonne
170:Père Lachaise Cemetery
825:Third World Quarterly
541:
502:Abdullah Ghaderi Azar
498:Amir Mansur Bozorgian
483:Further information:
1041:at Wikimedia Commons
777:"Praguer Ghassemlou"
580:on 24 September 2015
274:‘Ebdur̄eḧman Qasimlû
75:Credentials rejected
718:on 12 December 2013
674:. 1 September 2017.
598:Asso Hassan Zadeh.
445:Abolhassan Banisadr
344:Republic of Mahabad
319:Kurdish nationalist
266:عەبدوڕەحمان قاسملوو
1175:Iranian dissidents
1072:Sadegh Sharafkandi
959:on 19 August 2011.
860:Kurdistan and Kurd
648:on 27 October 2020
517:Sadegh Sharafkandi
460:People's Mujahedin
257:Ebdurehman Qasimlo
252:عەبدورەحمان قاسملۆ
1100:People from Urmia
1078:
1077:
1069:Succeeded by
1037:Media related to
977:on 11 March 2011.
809:978-1-55587-250-2
757:on 25 August 2013
690:Sara Distribution
521:his assassination
283:عبدالرحمان قاسملو
271:
241:
240:
16:(Redirected from
1202:
1053:Preceded by
1045:
1036:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1000:
994:
993:
985:
979:
978:
973:. Archived from
967:
961:
960:
955:. Archived from
949:
943:
942:
940:
938:
926:
920:
919:
917:
915:
910:. Yekta Uzunoglu
904:
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795:
789:
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779:. Yekta Uzunoglu
773:
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753:. Archived from
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723:
707:
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696:
682:
676:
675:
664:
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644:. Archived from
633:
627:
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608:
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595:
589:
588:
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566:
284:
276:
270:romanized:
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248:Kurmanji Kurdish
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117:22 December 1930
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102:Personal details
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923:
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822:
821:
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782:
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736:
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731:
721:
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709:
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694:
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651:
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635:
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616:
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597:
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592:
583:
581:
568:
567:
563:
558:
533:
487:
481:
472:
415:
315:West Azerbaijan
307:
287:Iranian Kurdish
230:
196:
195:Other political
184:Political party
144:
140:
126:
118:
112:
110:
93:113,773 (34.9%)
74:
69:
49:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1208:
1206:
1198:
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1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
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1027:External links
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1012:. Retrieved
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975:the original
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957:the original
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935:. Retrieved
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912:. Retrieved
902:
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828:
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799:
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781:. Retrieved
771:
759:. Retrieved
755:the original
739:
732:
720:. Retrieved
716:the original
705:
693:. Retrieved
689:
680:
671:
662:
650:. Retrieved
646:the original
641:
631:
622:
612:
603:
593:
582:, retrieved
578:the original
573:
564:
546:
542:
534:
515:His deputy,
514:
510:
495:
488:
473:
453:
420:
416:
360:
308:
243:
242:
197:affiliations
141:(1989-07-13)
139:13 July 1989
80:Constituency
70:
59:Member-elect
29:
1095:1989 deaths
1090:1930 births
1055:Ahmad Tofiq
652:28 December
379:Azerbaijani
203:(1981–1985)
190:(1945–1989)
1084:Categories
1066:1973–1989
761:1 February
722:1 February
695:1 February
556:References
423:revolution
113:1930-12-22
1014:1 January
584:10 August
436:boycotted
337:Christian
328:from the
224:Education
71:In office
894:Archived
431:Khomeini
352:Sorbonne
340:Assyrian
309:Born in
216:Children
90:Majority
890:YouTube
845:3991849
395:Russian
387:English
371:Persian
363:Kurdish
330:Kurdish
279:Persian
150:Austria
18:Qasimlu
937:19 May
914:4 July
843:
806:
783:4 July
747:
491:Vienna
413:Career
407:Polish
405:, and
403:Slovak
399:German
393:, and
383:French
375:Arabic
333:Shekak
208:Spouse
178:France
146:Vienna
933:. PBS
841:JSTOR
604:Rudaw
470:Books
391:Czech
348:KDP-I
311:Urmia
174:Paris
120:Urmia
1016:2012
939:2016
916:2018
804:ISBN
785:2018
763:2013
745:ISBN
724:2013
697:2013
654:2018
586:2015
537:PDKI
326:Khan
324:and
322:Agha
201:NCRI
188:KDPI
136:Died
129:Iran
107:Born
833:doi
539::
369:,
61:of
1086::
1007:.
892:.
888:.
839:.
827:.
688:.
670:.
640:.
621:.
602:.
572:,
527:.
429:.
409:.
401:,
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385:,
381:,
377:,
373:,
365:,
313:,
301:.
281::
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268:,
264::
260:;
254:,
250::
176:,
172:,
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122:,
1018:.
941:.
918:.
847:.
835::
829:9
812:.
787:.
765:.
726:.
699:.
656:.
625:.
606:.
246:(
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131:)
115:)
111:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
