2124:
76:
1243:. Before 1229 the title was used to designate leaders of important tribes as well as tribal confederations (the Mongol Empire considered the largest one), and rulers of non-Mongol countries. Shortly before the death of the Genghis Khan, his sons became khans in different dominions (ulus) and the title apparently became unsuitable for the supreme ruler of the empire, needing a more exalted one. Being under Uighur cultural influence, Mongols adopted the title of khagan starting with
1583:
1215:
2163:, precedence for those not belonging to the dynasty was mainly structured in eight classes, each being granted an honorary rank title, the fourth of which was Khan, or in this context synonymously Amir, granted to commanders of armed forces, provincial tribal leaders; in descending order. In neighboring
1049:
Originally khans headed only relatively minor tribal entities, generally in or near the vast
Mongolian and North Chinese steppe, the scene of an almost endless procession of nomadic people riding out into the history of the neighbouring sedentary regions. Some managed to establish principalities of
3026:
but their ultimate origins may lie outside the Turkic family, as is most likely the case for the title of khagan (χαγάνος, chaganus) < ? Middle
Iranian *hva-kama- 'self-ruler, emperor' (Dybo, Reference Dybo2007: 119–120). Following Benveniste (Reference Benveniste1966), Dybo (Reference
3163:
Carter Vaughn
Findley, "Turks in World History", Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 45: "... Many elements of non-Turkic origin also became part of Türk statecraft for example, as in the case of khatun and beg both terms being of Sogdian origin and ever since in common use in Turkish.
1928:) to the wives of holders of various other (lower) titles. In mostly Persian-speaking Afghanistan, it ended up as the common term for 'Miss', any unmarried woman; in the Iranian Persian language it is used to address any woman respectfully, as in 'Ms. Smith' / 'Khanum-e Smith'. In the modern
746:
3027:
Dybo2007: 106–107) considers Turkic *χatun 'king's wife' a word of ultimate
Eastern Iranian origin, borrowed presumably from Early Saka *hvatuñ, cf. the attested Soghdian words xwt'w 'ruler' (< *hva-tāvya-) and xwt'yn 'wife of the ruler' (< *hva-tāvyani).
739:
2873:
Vovin, Alexander. 2010. Once Again on the Ruan-ruan
Language. Ötüken’den İstanbul’a Türkçenin 1290 Yılı (720–2010) Sempozyumu From Ötüken to Istanbul, 1290 Years of Turkish (720–2010). 3–5 Aralık 2010, İstanbul / 3–5 December 2010, İstanbul:
732:
1948:- a compound of khan (leader) and Bahadur (Brave) - was a formal title of respect and honour, which was conferred exclusively on Muslim subjects of the British Indian Empire. It was a title one degree higher than the title of Khan Sahib.
2094:. According to the generally accepted opinion, he was the second most important person in the state after the Bulgarian ruler. Owais Khan was also believed a Great Khan but no evidences about him are founded.
2222:, who although Muslims were of Turkic origin upon Muslims and awarded this title to Hindus generals in army particularly in Gaud or Bengal region during Muslim rulers, and later by the
2310:
Khan and its female forms occur in many personal names, generally without any nobiliary of political relevance, although it remains a common part of noble names as well. Notably in
1145:. In general, however, the inscriptions as well as other sources designate the supreme ruler of Danube Bulgaria with titles that exist in the language in which they are written –
3187:"... On the title Khatun, see Boyle, 'Khatun', 1933, according to whom it was of Soghdian origin and was borne by wives and female relations of various Turkish Rulers. ..."
1077:
at least from the 7th to the 9th century. The title "khan" is not attested directly in inscriptions and texts referring to Bulgar rulers – the only similar title found so far,
1138:
3119:
856:. Khan and its female forms occur in many personal names, generally without any nobiliary of political relevance, although it remains a common part of noble names as well.
2123:
3041:
Henning, W. B., 'A Farewell to the Khagan of the Aq-Aqataran',"Bulletin of the School of
Oriental and African studies – University of London", Vol 14, No 3, pp. 501–522
3454:
2749:, the classical Greek hell. Genghis Khan's conquering, ransacking Mongol hordes terrorized Islam and Christianity without precedent, as if the apocalypse had started.
899:'self-ruler, emperor', following the view of Benveniste 1966. Savelyev and Jeong 2020 note that both the etymological root for Khagan/Khan and its female equivalent "
1781:(state founded 1760; September 1947 acceded to Pakistan, but 15 February 1948 forced to rescind accession to Pakistan, to accede to India after Khan Sahib's arrest).
1924:, for a Khan's Queen-consort, or in some traditions extended as a courtesy title (a bit like Lady for women not married to a Lord, which is the situation modern
3254:
2285:
in 1914. It seems unclear whether the series of titles known from the Bengal sultanate are merely honorific or perhaps relate to a military hierarchy.
3283:
1509:
As hinted above, the title Khan was also common in some of the polities of the various – generally
Islamic – peoples in the territories of the Mongol
1320:
1872:, as by this title a ruling Khan's Queen-consort (wife) is designated with similar respect after their proclamation as Khan and Khatun. Also used in
1387:(in northwestern Iran east of Sarab and west of the southwest corner of the Caspian Sea-Mazandaran and Gorgan provinces), 1747–1813 Khanate of
3227:
3078:
1269:
Once more, there would be numerous khanates in the steppe in and around
Central Asia, often more of a people than a territorial state, e.g.:
3175:"... Khatun 'is a title of Sogdian origin borne by the wives and female relatives of the Tu-chueh and subsequent Turkish Rulers ..."
1095:(a grandfather, son and grandson). Starting from the compound, non-ruler titles that were attested among Bulgarian noble class such as
3459:
1538:
Khanate (giving its name to
Siberia as the first significant conquest during Russia's great eastern expansion across the Ural range)
3464:
51:
3147:Източници за българската история – Fontes historiae bulgaricae. VI. Fontes graeci historiae Bulgaricae. БАН, София. p.305 (in
3419:
2775:
3185:
Leslie P. Peirce, "The
Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire", Oxford University Press, 1993. pg 312:
1254:
also used the term Xan to denote brave warriors and rulers. The title Khan was used to designate the greatest rulers of the
3439:
3424:
3414:
3336:
3305:
1192:
852:
it was a high noble rank restricted to courtiers. After the downfall of the Mughals it was used promiscuously and became
1565:
founded in 1514; 17th century divided into several minor khanates without importance, real power going to the so-called
830:, while the ruler of all the Mongols was the khagan or great khan. It is a title commonly used to signify the head of a
3469:
3434:
720:
119:
3115:
2846:
2796:
988:(1206–1368) in the Old World and later brought the title "khan" into Northern Asia, where locals later adopted it.
2829:
2779:
1395:(in extreme northwestern Iran, northwest of Khoy, and 60 miles south of Yerevan, Armenia), 1747–1790s Khanate of
904:
75:
3429:
3148:
2180:
1747:
1407:
2825:
3474:
3449:
3444:
3399:
3394:
2054:
1825:
997:
3222:
Moravcsik, G. Byzantinoturcica II. Sprachreste der Türkvölker in den byzantinischen Quellen. Leiden 1983,
2091:
1050:
some importance for a while, as their military might repeatedly proved a serious threat to empires in the
1010:'s successors selected to rule the Mongol Empire starting from 1229. Genghis Khan himself was referred as
378:
3409:
3404:
2431:
984:
Various Mongolic and Turkic peoples from Central Asia gave the title new prominence after period of the
675:
536:
497:
3343:
1665:
dynasties of the near-east to designate a head of multiple tribes, clans or nations, who was below an
2553:
2282:
1944:
1905:
873:
1487:
1315:
2645:
2569:
2327:
1809:
1724:
traditional royal style for one of the four khanates in Genghis's succession, based in Persia. See
1499:
1491:
1204:
1200:
1092:
970:
823:
3098:
3389:
3017:
2942:
2687:
2531:
2212:
1865:
1817:
1813:
1467:
1066:
973:-speaking (according to Vovin), and then it diffused across language families. Subsequently, the
1879:
1379:
Khan was also the title of the rulers of various break-away states and principalities later in
3384:
3299:
3223:
3173:
Fatima Mernissi, "The Forgotten Queens of Islam", University of Minnesota Press, 1993. pg 21:
3074:
3009:
2991:
2934:
2907:
2856:
2806:
2589:
1634:. The ruling descendants of the main branch of Genghis Khan's dynasty are referred to as the
1541:
1372:
While most Afghan principalities were styled emirate, there was a khanate of ethnic Uzbeks in
1349:
1124:
892:
891:
Dybo (2007) suggests that the ultimate etymological root of Khagan/Khan comes from the Middle
114:
43:
3070:
3064:
977:
adopted the title and brought it to the rest of Asia. In the middle of the sixth century the
3060:
2999:
2981:
2973:
2897:
2707:
2695:
2641:
2637:
2581:
2561:
2545:
2201:
2176:
2039:
1925:
1921:
1913:
1897:
1869:
1853:
1845:
1778:
1735:
1535:
1525:
1503:
1423:
1391:(northwestern Iran, north of Lake Urmia, between Tabriz and Lake Van), 1747–1829 Khanate of
1361:
1208:
1160:
765:
368:
283:
2277:, a Pakistani Frontier State, it was the title of the secular elite, who together with the
3135:
3094:
2731:
2703:
2683:
2629:
2621:
2501:
2274:
2238:
2131:
1991:
1929:
1873:
1694:
1682:
1546:
1483:
1443:
1296:
1142:
1083:, has been found solely in the inscriptions of three consecutive Bulgarian rulers, namely
1062:
978:
958:
881:
865:
791:
363:
164:
129:
3152:
1517:
by Europeans and Russians, and were all eventually subdued by Muscovia which became the
1303:, but after 1748 it split into three different khanates again; it was eliminated by the
3379:
3004:
2961:
2841:
2837:
2791:
2787:
2605:
2597:
2511:
2393:
2359:
2344:
2323:
2315:
2294:
2184:
2164:
2069:
1987:
1774:
1751:
1690:
1670:
1650:
1587:
1518:
1495:
1439:
1365:
1304:
1244:
1168:
1150:
1015:
974:
853:
834:
799:
787:
32:
3373:
3328:
3243:
3021:
2986:
2833:
2783:
2613:
2331:
2219:
2160:
2107:
1969:
1956:
1861:
1743:
1623:
1618:
Khan a never fully understood unique title), and his successors, especially grandson
1475:
1471:
1455:
1427:
1411:
1396:
1288:
1236:
1172:
1023:
985:
908:
869:
849:
819:
807:
783:
710:
588:
422:
388:
288:
214:
204:
99:
3248:
1955:– literally, "lady bride" – was the title accorded to the principal noble wife of a
2506:
2426:
2373:
2304:
2270:
1884:
1766:
1662:
1654:
1627:
1611:
1513:
and its successor states, which, like the Mongols in general, were commonly called
1510:
1463:
1459:
1451:
1263:
1251:
1240:
1232:
1055:
1007:
841:
660:
648:
618:
613:
531:
442:
328:
293:
273:
253:
67:
59:
2677:
1742:, "Lord of Lords") was a title given to the commander-in-chief of the army of the
848:
it was the title of an army general high noble rank who ruling a province, and in
3324:
1978:) is a title conferred to princes of the dynasties of certain princely states of
2962:"Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West"
2416:
2223:
1619:
1582:
1529:
1415:
1199:, "the Fearsome". "Khan" was the official title of the ruler until 864 AD, when
1164:
1019:
877:
556:
437:
432:
383:
303:
179:
1442:(sole incumbent 1807–1827 Hosein Quli Khan Qajar). Diverse khanates existed in
2662:
2388:
2311:
2300:
2227:
2047:
2018:
1994:
languages and was used by these Central Asian peoples to honor their princes.
1709:
1447:
1392:
1373:
1333:
1326:
1311:
1300:
1274:
1214:
1079:
1002:
845:
487:
427:
323:
219:
63:
3358:
2995:
2938:
2911:
2860:
2810:
2226:, as an honor akin to the ranks of nobility, often for loyalty to the crown.
864:
The origin of the term is disputed and unknown, possibly a loanword from the
3284:"Study of the Pathan Communities in Four States of India :: Khyber.ORG"
2925:
KRADER, LAWRENCE (1955). "QAN-QAγAN AND THE BEGINNINGS OF MONGOL KINGSHIP".
2441:
2369:
2299:
Like many titles, the meaning of the term has also extended southwards into
2000:
1562:
1528:(the Mongol term khan became active since Genghizide dynasty was settled in
1196:
1051:
715:
700:
690:
541:
313:
298:
263:
55:
28:
3198:
3013:
2902:
2885:
516:
1061:
One of the earliest notable examples of such principalities in Europe was
2745:
2481:
2436:
2254:
2196:
2098:
1964:
1829:
1554:
1419:
1357:
1345:
1255:
1180:
1027:
685:
643:
599:
566:
561:
551:
482:
478:
462:
398:
373:
318:
174:
149:
109:
104:
3258:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 771.
2977:
2946:
2241:, Khan was the lowest of the aristocratic titles bestowed by the ruling
2486:
2421:
2383:
2377:
2319:
2314:
it has become a part of many South Asian Muslim names, especially when
2111:
2027:
2026:, as it is written in Bulgarian Greek inscriptions, was a title of the
2005:
1857:
1698:
1686:
1438:
and nearby territories to the left and right, there was the khanate of
1435:
1384:
1341:
1337:
1278:
1259:
1218:
1123:, too. Compare also the rendition of the name of early Bulgarian ruler
1088:
1039:
966:
940:
885:
831:
695:
638:
608:
511:
457:
417:
348:
258:
124:
85:
24:
2496:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2402:
2398:
2352:
2278:
2144:
2086:
1892:
1836:
1725:
1716:
1674:
1666:
1646:
1607:
1595:
1566:
1431:
1400:
1380:
1353:
1348:(valley's) khanate broke way from it by 1694 and became known as the
1184:
989:
949:
944:
900:
803:
795:
705:
680:
665:
571:
447:
393:
358:
338:
278:
243:
230:
189:
159:
134:
89:
20:
2128:
Two Khans in Turkoman Tribal Costume, One of 274 Vintage Photographs
1283:
2334:
for their bravery. and it's widely used by Baloch and Awan tribes.
2451:
2405:– female equivalent of Khan or title of women of the Khan's family
2262:
2258:
2250:
2242:
2234:
2122:
1979:
1821:
1785:
1771:
1755:
1631:
1581:
1514:
1155:
811:
670:
623:
603:
583:
527:
506:
452:
413:
353:
343:
333:
308:
268:
209:
194:
154:
1708:, meaning supreme or universal Khan, was the ruler of the Khitan
3269:
2491:
2471:
2446:
2172:
2152:
2103:
2009:
1763:
1570:
1388:
1231:
The title Khan rose to unprecedented prominence with the Mongol
1188:
1137:), likely resulting from a misinterpretation of "Kan Pagan", in
1084:
815:
633:
546:
502:
467:
409:
248:
238:
234:
169:
145:
94:
3099:
http://ejournals.eu/sj/index.php/SEC/article/viewFile/1100/1096
2730:
Khagan itself was borrowed by the Turks from the unclassified
2476:
2266:
2156:
1292:
1239:, the largest contiguous empire in history, which he ruled as
628:
492:
199:
2073:
1701:
used the higher title Kaghan, as rulers of distinct nations.
1399:(northwestern Iran east of Tabriz), 1747 – c.1800 Khanate of
1295:, or subordinate khan); it was briefly united by rulers like
1128:
806:(sovereign, emperor) and implied a subordinate ruler. In the
771:
872:
origin has been suggested by a number of scholars including
3247:
2218:("brave, hero"); were also bestowed in feudal India by the
1816:. He was leader of Saro State, one of the chiefdoms of the
1026:, who was not proclaimed ruler of the Mongol Empire by the
768:
2090:
or Kaukhan was one of the most important officials in the
1832:, meaning the 'head of kings' (e.g. King Naemul Maripgan).
1828:, totally united them under a now hereditary king, titled
1281:(founded 1465; since 1601 divided into three geographical
1115:
for the early Bulgarian leader – if there was a vicekhan (
840:
The title subsequently declined in importance. During the
3037:
3035:
3066:
The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia now
1344:
in 1753 (after three Persian governors since 1747); the
3199:"V. Beshevliev - Prabylgarski epigrafski pametnici - 5"
3097:, Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia vol. 12 Kraków 2007 (
2194:
The titles Khan and Khan Bahadur (from the Altaic root
1712:, and has occasionally been used by the Mongols as well
1602:") applies to probably the most famous rulers known as
943:
confederation for their chief between 283 and 289. The
3270:"About the Great Rajput's - Welcome 2 Wajahat's World"
1195:, thus stopped the Arab invasion in Southeast Europe;
2253:(homonymous with a high Muslim ruler's title), Jang,
1569:, Arabic Islamic religious leaders; title changed to
774:
2269:. The equivalent for the courts Hindu retainers was
2151:
in Persia) was the title of a nobleman, higher than
1812:
means "leader of leaders" and "king" in language of
1586:
Mongol Empire's largest extent outlined in red; the
2053:, and, more recently, "(ruler) from God", from the
1920:) is another female derivation of Khan, notably in
947:may have been the first people who used the titles
2167:and subsequently the Republic of Turkey, the term
1573:Khan in 1873, annexed by the Qing dynasty in 1877.
1364:in 1804 but fell soon under Russian protectorate;
52:Imperial, royal, noble, gentry and chivalric ranks
3093:"ONCE AGAIN ON THE ETYMOLOGY OF THE TITLE qaγan"
2743:The spelling with 'r' is due to a confusion with
2030:. Among the proposed translations for the phrase
3333:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
2159:) and usually used after the given name. At the
2012:in between; the ruler replaces Khanzada by khan.
810:, it was the highest noble title, ranking above
2307:nations, where it has become a common surname.
1356:from its establishment in 1732; the khanate of
1022:(reigned 1229–1241) would be "Khagans" but not
794:to refer to a king. It first appears among the
16:Historical title for a ruler or military leader
2960:Savelyev, Alexander; Jeong, Choongwon (2020).
2322:) descent is claimed. It is also used by many
1720:, both a generic term for a 'provincial Khan'
957:for their emperors. However, Russian linguist
939:"Khan" is first encountered as a title in the
790:title originating among nomadic tribes in the
3131:
3129:
3127:
2717:
2711:
1876:(instead of Khanum). Famous Khatuns include:
740:
8:
1796:, meaning "leader", could be origin of word
1336:, the main khanate, named after its capital
1329:in 1842, collapsing after his death in 1854.
3286:. Archived from the original on 14 May 2008
2655:
2649:
2281:(Muslim clerics), proceeded to elect a new
1999:(Muslim Babi dynasty, fifth class state in
1521:. The most important of these states were:
2847:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
2797:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
2672:
2668:
2376:capital which later developed into modern
1974:
1770:was the complex title of the ruler of the
1368:had its own rulers (khans?) since c. 1600.
1163:. Among the best known Bulgar khans were:
747:
733:
38:
3238:
3236:
3003:
2985:
2901:
2082:, which is common in Bulgar inscriptions)
1014:(khagan) only posthumously. For instance
1689:was called Genggiyen Han. Rulers of the
1213:
3455:Titles of national or ethnic leadership
2766:
2524:
1758:'s (and later his son Jahangir's) army.
1149:, meaning 'commander or magistrate' in
981:knew of a "Kagan – King of the Turks".
884:, and was reportedly first used by the
50:
3297:
1936:is a derogatory term for women, while
1800:according to Turkic history textbook.
1645:was among numerous titles used by the
996:. It was the title of Chinese Emperor
3069:. Rutgers University Press. pp.
2855:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 1010.
2245:upon Muslim retainers, ranking under
1657:and its descendant states. The title
7:
2805:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 915.
1982:. The word also transliterates to "
1578:Compound and derived princely titles
1221:on the eve of the Mongol invasions,
2890:Proceedings of the Imperial Academy
1973:
1917:
1849:
1739:
1340:, was founded in 1500 and restyled
792:Central and Eastern Eurasian Steppe
2106:and Khan) is a title used by some
1594:The higher, rather imperial title
1486:(1748–1786 temporarily split into
915:, cf. the attested Soghdian words
14:
2330:who were awarded this surname by
2191:), is also a derivative of this.
2008:) in front of the personal name,
1677:rulers also used the title Khan (
1403:(capital of Iranian Azerbaijan).
1360:, dating from c.1500, became the
1856:origin – is roughly equal to a
1434:proper. For example, in present
1159:, meaning "duke" or "prince" in
764:
74:
2886:"On the Titles KHAN and KAGHAN"
2183:language. The Ottoman title of
1258:, who, later when known as the
3112:The Cambridge History of China
1119:) there was probably a "full"
961:(2007) believes that the term
1:
3337:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
2884:Shiratori, Kurakichi (1926).
2230:was another title of honour.
1653:as well as the rulers of the
1430:outside their territories of
1222:
1193:Siege of Constantinople (718)
3357:Garthwaite, Gene R. (2017).
2171:was and is still written as
1383:, e.g. 1747–1808 Khanate of
1107:, scholars derive the title
1034:Khanate rulers and dynasties
822:it signified the ruler of a
2966:Evolutionary Human Sciences
2363:
2348:
2046:, paralleling the attested
1626:and the latter founded the
927:'wife of the ruler' (< *
907:, specifically from "Early
3491:
3331:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
3116:Cambridge University Press
2292:
2074:
1129:
1037:
1006:, reigned 626 to 649) and
18:
3304:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2987:21.11116/0000-0007-772B-4
2718:
2712:
2656:
2650:
2573:
2535:
2139:Noble and honorary titles
2038:, from the reconstructed
1940:has a respectful meaning.
1622:: the former founded the
905:Eastern Iranian languages
3460:Turkic words and phrases
2366:) – a queen, khan's wife
1748:Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana
1482:since 1743) and Shirvan=
1287:or Hordes, each under a
1018:(reigned 1251–1259) and
3255:Encyclopædia Britannica
2927:Central Asiatic Journal
1852:) – a title of Iranian
1826:Three Kingdoms of Korea
1614:(his name was Temüjin,
998:Emperor Taizong of Tang
2903:10.2183/pjab1912.2.241
2549:
2135:
2092:First Bulgarian Empire
2068:(an equivalent of the
1909:
1901:
1591:
1446:(now part of Russia),
1422:, or their successive
1408:various small khanates
1228:
903:" may be derived from
3420:Titles in Afghanistan
3363:Encyclopaedia Iranica
3323:Karim, Abdul (2012).
3153:Also available online
3110:Fairbank, John King.
2644:: خان, ਖ਼ਾਨ or ਖ਼ਾਂ;
2432:List of Mongol rulers
2126:
1661:was also used in the
1585:
1217:
965:originated among the
3440:Titles in Azerbaijan
3425:Titles in Bangladesh
3415:Chinese royal titles
3203:www.promacedonia.org
3136:Documenta Barbarorum
2824:J. A. Boyle (1978).
2774:J. A. Boyle (1978).
2147:, Khan (female form
2102:(a concatenation of
1945:Khan Bahadur (title)
1610:imperial dynasty of
1297:Abu'l-Khair Muhammed
1139:Patriarch Nicephorus
3465:Men's social titles
2978:10.1017/ehs.2020.18
2328:Indian subcontinent
1810:Hyeokgeose of Silla
1746:, an example being
1454:(present capital),
1418:established by the
1325:was established by
1316:Kara-Kyrgyz Khanate
1235:'s creation of the
1187:, who defeated the
721:Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
379:Prince of the Sa'id
3470:Mongolian nobility
3435:Titles in Pakistan
3050:Zhou 1985, pp. 3–6
2338:Khan-related terms
2200:), related to the
2189:lady of the master
2136:
2080:ho ek Theou archon
1997:Sardargarh-Bantva
1818:Jinhan confederacy
1814:Jinhan confederacy
1592:
1352:after its capital
1229:
1067:Old Great Bulgaria
3228:978-90-04-07132-2
3080:978-0-8135-1304-1
2681:
2666:
2187:(lit translated;
1788:states, the word
1728:for more details.
1553:Further east, in
1542:Astrakhan Khanate
1350:Khanate of Kokand
1177:Danubian Bulgaria
1065:(presumably also
969:people, who were
818:(prince). In the
757:
756:
115:Sultan of Sultans
3482:
3366:
3344:Etymology OnLine
3340:
3335:(2nd ed.).
3310:
3309:
3303:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3251:
3240:
3231:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3195:
3189:
3183:
3177:
3171:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3151:and Bulgarian).
3145:
3139:
3133:
3122:
3108:
3102:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3057:
3051:
3048:
3042:
3039:
3030:
3029:
3007:
2989:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2905:
2881:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2771:
2750:
2741:
2735:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2652:
2635:
2575:
2540:
2539:
2529:
2237:Muslim state of
2077:
2076:
2036:lord of the army
1977:
1976:
1922:Turkic languages
1919:
1870:Turkic languages
1851:
1820:in 37 BC. After
1779:Bantva-Manavadar
1741:
1726:the main article
1685:); for example,
1526:Khanate of Kazan
1362:Khanate of Khiva
1324:
1250:Emperors of the
1227:
1224:
1209:Eastern Orthodox
1191:invaders in 718
1132:
1131:
802:as a variant of
782:) is a historic
781:
780:
777:
776:
773:
770:
749:
742:
735:
78:
39:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3430:Titles in India
3370:
3369:
3356:
3353:
3348:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3296:
3289:
3287:
3282:
3281:
3277:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3242:
3241:
3234:
3221:
3217:
3207:
3205:
3197:
3196:
3192:
3184:
3180:
3172:
3168:
3162:
3158:
3149:Byzantine Greek
3146:
3142:
3134:
3125:
3109:
3105:
3095:Alexander Vovin
3092:
3088:
3081:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3049:
3045:
3040:
3033:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2872:
2868:
2842:Bosworth, C. E.
2823:
2822:
2818:
2792:Bosworth, C. E.
2773:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2742:
2738:
2732:Rouran language
2729:
2725:
2633:
2537:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2502:Crimean Khanate
2412:
2340:
2318:(also known as
2303:countries, and
2297:
2291:
2283:Amir-i-Shariyat
2181:Ottoman Turkish
2141:
2132:Brooklyn Museum
2121:
2075:ὁ ἐκ Θεοῦ ἄρχων
2034:as a whole are
1930:Kazakh language
1880:Töregene Khatun
1808:, the title of
1580:
1547:Crimean Khanate
1428:Qajar dynasties
1318:
1225:
1203:(known also as
1063:Danube Bulgaria
1047:
1042:
1036:
1003:Heavenly Khagan
992:is rendered as
959:Alexander Vovin
937:
919:'ruler' (< *
868:. A Turkic and
866:Rouran language
862:
767:
763:
753:
130:Maharajadhiraja
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3488:
3486:
3478:
3477:
3475:Ottoman titles
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3450:Turkish titles
3447:
3445:Titles in Iran
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3400:Military ranks
3397:
3395:Heads of state
3392:
3387:
3382:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3352:
3351:External links
3349:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3329:Islam, Sirajul
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3275:
3261:
3246:, ed. (1911).
3244:Chisholm, Hugh
3232:
3215:
3190:
3178:
3166:
3156:
3140:
3123:
3103:
3086:
3079:
3071:61, 585, n. 92
3052:
3043:
3031:
2952:
2917:
2896:(6): 241–244.
2876:
2866:
2830:van Donzel, E.
2816:
2780:van Donzel, E.
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2736:
2723:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2512:Khan (surname)
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2396:
2394:Khan of Heaven
2391:
2386:
2381:
2367:
2356:
2339:
2336:
2324:Muslim Rajputs
2295:Khan (surname)
2293:Main article:
2290:
2287:
2165:Ottoman Turkey
2140:
2137:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2095:
2083:
2015:
2014:
2013:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1941:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1833:
1782:
1775:princely state
1759:
1752:Mughal emperor
1729:
1713:
1651:Ottoman empire
1588:Timurid Empire
1579:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1551:
1550:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1519:Russian Empire
1502:and (Nagorno)
1488:Khoja Shamakha
1478:, ruler style
1370:
1369:
1366:Karakalpakstan
1330:
1308:
1305:Russian Empire
1301:Tauke Muhammed
1262:, founded the
1226: 1200 AD
1207:) adopted the
1169:Great Bulgaria
1069:), ruled by a
1046:
1043:
1038:Main article:
1035:
1032:
936:
933:
861:
858:
755:
754:
752:
751:
744:
737:
729:
726:
725:
724:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
659:Governmental:
654:
653:
652:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
594:
593:
592:
591:
586:
577:
576:
575:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
522:
521:
520:
519:
514:
509:
500:
495:
490:
485:
473:
472:
471:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
404:
403:
402:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
225:
224:
223:
222:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
140:
139:
138:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
80:
79:
71:
70:
48:
47:
33:Khan (surname)
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3487:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3364:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3345:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3321:
3320:
3315:
3307:
3301:
3285:
3279:
3276:
3271:
3265:
3262:
3257:
3256:
3250:
3245:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3219:
3216:
3204:
3200:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3170:
3167:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3144:
3141:
3137:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3082:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3061:René Grousset
3056:
3053:
3047:
3044:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2956:
2953:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2921:
2918:
2913:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2880:
2877:
2870:
2867:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2848:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2820:
2817:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2770:
2767:
2761:
2756:
2748:
2747:
2740:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2664:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2533:
2528:
2525:
2518:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2308:
2306:
2305:Central Asian
2302:
2296:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2233:In the major
2231:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2055:Indo-European
2052:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1951:The compound
1950:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1824:, one of the
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1760:
1757:
1753:
1750:of the great
1749:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1732:Khan-i-Khanan
1730:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1643:Khan of Khans
1639:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1624:Mongol Empire
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1600:Khan of Khans
1597:
1589:
1584:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1498:(1747–1814);
1497:
1493:
1492:Yeni Shamakha
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1412:Transcaucasia
1409:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1237:Mongol empire
1234:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1175:, founder of
1174:
1173:Khan Asparukh
1170:
1167:, founder of
1166:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1141:'s so-called
1140:
1136:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1052:Central Plain
1044:
1041:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1024:Chagatai Khan
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1004:
999:
995:
994:Khan of Khans
991:
987:
986:Mongol Empire
982:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
951:
946:
942:
934:
932:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
889:
887:
883:
879:
876:, Shiratori,
875:
871:
870:Para-Mongolic
867:
859:
857:
855:
851:
847:
846:Qajar dynasty
843:
838:
836:
833:
829:
827:
821:
820:Mongol Empire
817:
813:
809:
808:Seljük Empire
805:
801:
798:and then the
797:
793:
789:
785:
779:
761:
750:
745:
743:
738:
736:
731:
730:
728:
727:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
658:
657:
656:
655:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
601:
598:
597:
596:
595:
590:
587:
585:
582:Royal house:
581:
580:
579:
578:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
529:
526:
525:
524:
523:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
480:
477:
476:
475:
474:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
423:Dewan Bahadur
421:
419:
415:
411:
408:
407:
406:
405:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
236:
232:
229:
228:
227:
226:
221:
218:
216:
215:Amir al-umara
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
147:
144:
143:
142:
141:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
100:King of Kings
98:
96:
93:
91:
87:
84:
83:
82:
81:
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
40:
37:
34:
30:
26:
22:
3410:Noble titles
3405:Royal titles
3362:
3332:
3288:. Retrieved
3278:
3264:
3253:
3249:"Khan"
3218:
3206:. Retrieved
3202:
3193:
3186:
3181:
3174:
3169:
3159:
3143:
3111:
3106:
3089:
3065:
3055:
3046:
3025:
2969:
2965:
2955:
2933:(1): 17–35.
2930:
2926:
2920:
2893:
2889:
2879:
2869:
2852:
2845:
2819:
2802:
2795:
2769:
2744:
2739:
2726:
2699:
2691:
2625:
2617:
2609:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2565:
2557:
2541:
2527:
2507:Khong Tayiji
2427:Turco-Mongol
2372:(or Dadu) –
2355:, khan's son
2309:
2298:
2247:Khan Bahadur
2246:
2232:
2215:
2208:
2204:
2195:
2193:
2188:
2168:
2148:
2143:In imperial
2142:
2127:
2097:
2085:
2079:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2035:
2031:
2023:
2017:
1998:
1983:
1963:
1953:Galin Khanum
1952:
1943:
1937:
1933:
1891:
1885:Habba Khatun
1841:
1835:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1784:In southern
1761:
1731:
1721:
1715:
1705:
1678:
1658:
1655:Golden Horde
1642:
1640:
1635:
1628:Yuan Dynasty
1615:
1612:Genghis Khan
1603:
1599:
1593:
1552:
1511:Golden Horde
1508:
1479:
1450:, including
1410:in and near
1405:
1378:
1376:since 1697.
1371:
1282:
1268:
1264:Qing dynasty
1252:Ming dynasty
1249:
1241:Genghis Khan
1230:
1205:Tsar Boris I
1176:
1154:
1146:
1134:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1099:(vicekhan),
1096:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1060:
1056:Central Asia
1048:
1045:Ruling khans
1011:
1008:Genghis Khan
1001:
993:
983:
962:
954:
948:
938:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
896:
890:
863:
850:Mughal India
839:
825:
759:
758:
443:Khan Bahadur
184:
68:North Africa
36:
2838:Pellat, Ch.
2788:Pellat, Ch.
2554:Azerbaijani
2417:Kaan (name)
2358:Khanbikeh (
2343:Khanzadeh (
2301:South Asian
2224:British Raj
2185:Hanımefendi
2161:Qajar court
2119:Other khans
2024:Kana subigi
1906:Azerbaijani
1762:Khan Sahib
1663:Seljuk Turk
1636:Great Khans
1620:Kublai Khan
1561:Khanate of
1530:Kazan Duchy
1500:Nakhichevan
1416:Ciscaucasia
1406:There were
1332:in present
1319: [
1310:in present
1273:in present
1245:Ögedei Khan
1201:Knyaz Boris
1185:Khan Tervel
1165:Khan Kubrat
1105:boritarkhan
1020:Ogedei Khan
1016:Möngke Khan
929:hva-tāvyani
814:(king) and
557:Saranjamdar
438:Rai Bahadur
433:Rao Bahadur
304:Chhatrapati
180:Shirvanshah
120:Chakravarti
3374:Categories
3138:altaica.ru
2851:Volume IV:
2801:Volume IV:
2757:References
2663:Devanagari
2646:Hindustani
2570:Old Turkic
2389:Bogda Khan
2312:South Asia
2289:Other uses
2228:Khan Sahib
2048:Old Turkic
2032:kanasubigi
2019:Kanasubigi
1806:Geoseulhan
1710:Kara-Kitai
1641:The title
1590:is shaded.
1532:in 1430s).
1448:Azerbaijan
1374:Badakhshan
1334:Uzbekistan
1327:Ormon Khan
1312:Kyrgyzstan
1275:Kazakhstan
1143:Breviarium
1135:Kampaganos
1130:Καμπαγάνος
1080:Kanasubigi
921:hva-tāvya-
488:Khan Sahib
428:Sancak bey
220:Khagan Bek
95:Shahanshah
64:South Asia
19:See also:
3390:Feudalism
3022:218935871
2996:2513-843X
2939:0008-9192
2912:0369-9846
2861:758278456
2834:Lewis, B.
2811:758278456
2784:Lewis, B.
2762:Citations
2688:Bulgarian
2678:Nasta'liq
2532:Mongolian
2442:Azmatkhan
2370:Khanbaliq
2239:Hyderabad
2213:Mongolian
2001:Kathiawar
1986:" in the
1802:Geoseogan
1740:خان خانان
1669:in rank.
1563:Kashgaria
1515:Ta(r)tars
1277:, of the
1247:in 1229.
1197:Khan Krum
1179:(today's
1147:archontes
971:Yeniseian
897:hva-kama-
860:Etymology
854:a surname
837:or clan.
716:Chowdhury
701:Lambardar
691:Hazinedar
542:Hazinedar
314:Nawabzada
299:Sahibzada
264:Beylerbey
29:Khaganate
3385:Monarchy
3300:cite web
3230:, c. 156
3118:, 1978.
3063:(1988).
3014:35663512
2947:41926298
2853:Iran–Kha
2844:(eds.).
2803:Iran–Kha
2794:(eds.).
2776:"Khāḳān"
2746:tartaros
2590:Goguryeo
2576:
2542:khan/qan
2482:Beg Khan
2437:Aga Khan
2410:See also
2197:baghatur
2099:Beg Khan
2066:*su-baga
2044:*sü begi
1975:خانزاده
1965:Khanzada
1866:Mongolic
1830:Maripgan
1706:Gur Khan
1691:Göktürks
1555:Xinjiang
1504:Karabakh
1484:Shamakha
1466:(Kuba),
1444:Dagestan
1424:Afsharid
1420:Safavids
1358:Khwarezm
1346:Ferghana
1307:in 1847.
1256:Jurchens
1181:Bulgaria
1028:Kurultai
979:Iranians
975:Göktürks
874:Ramstedt
800:Göktürks
784:Mongolic
686:Hawladar
644:al-Dawla
600:Nobleman
567:Tarafdar
562:Taluqdar
552:Jagirdar
483:Zamindar
479:Viscount
463:Sparapet
399:Baghatur
374:Vali Ahd
369:Shahzada
294:Rajkumar
175:Shahbanu
150:Maharaja
110:Banbishn
105:Padishah
44:a series
42:Part of
3316:Sources
3005:7612788
2972:: e20.
2708:Bengali
2706:: خان;
2698:: хун,
2696:Chuvash
2690:: хан,
2686:: خان;
2684:Balochi
2642:Punjabi
2640:: خان;
2638:Persian
2582:Chinese
2562:Ottoman
2546:Turkish
2487:Elteber
2422:Khanate
2384:Il khan
2378:Beijing
2364:Xanbikä
2349:Xanzadä
2332:Mughals
2316:Pashtun
2279:Mullahs
2220:Mughals
2177:Turkish
2112:Mongols
2108:Mughals
2072:phrase
2064:, i.e.
2051:sü baši
2042:phrase
2028:Bulgars
2006:Gujarat
1926:Turkish
1914:Persian
1898:Turkish
1854:Sogdian
1846:Persian
1744:Mughals
1736:Persian
1699:Khazars
1687:Nurhaci
1671:Jurchen
1649:of the
1647:Sultans
1616:Genghis
1557:flank:
1480:Bashchi
1436:Armenia
1385:Ardabil
1342:emirate
1338:Bukhara
1279:Kazakhs
1260:Manchus
1233:Temüjin
1219:Eurasia
1211:faith.
1117:kavkhan
1101:tarkhan
1097:kavkhan
1093:Malamir
1089:Omurtag
1040:Khanate
967:Xiongnu
945:Rourans
941:Xianbei
935:History
893:Iranian
886:Xianbei
882:Doerfer
842:Safavid
832:Pashtun
824:horde (
696:Faujdar
639:Begzada
609:Mankari
589:Gurkani
512:Begzada
418:Mankari
364:Ishkhan
349:Khedive
324:Şehzade
259:Ikhshid
165:Sultana
86:Emperor
60:Central
25:Khanate
3359:"KHAN"
3325:"Khan"
3290:7 June
3226:
3208:22 May
3120:p. 367
3077:
3020:
3012:
3002:
2994:
2945:
2937:
2910:
2859:
2840:&
2826:"Khān"
2809:
2790:&
2704:Arabic
2630:Manchu
2622:Baekje
2497:Kaiser
2467:Archon
2462:Chanyu
2457:Khagan
2403:Khanum
2399:Khatun
2353:prince
2351:) – a
2320:Afghan
2273:. In
2235:Indian
2216:baatar
2202:Turkic
2169:Khanum
2149:Khanum
2145:Persia
2087:Kavhan
2040:Turkic
1992:Kazakh
1984:prince
1938:Khanum
1934:Khatun
1893:Khanum
1874:Khazar
1842:Khatan
1837:Khatun
1786:Korean
1772:Indian
1717:Ilkhan
1683:Manchu
1675:Manchu
1667:Atabeg
1608:Mongol
1606:: the
1596:Khaqan
1567:Khwaja
1496:Talysh
1472:Shakki
1468:Salyan
1440:Erivan
1432:Persia
1401:Tabriz
1381:Persia
1354:Kokand
1314:, the
1161:Slavic
1153:, and
1103:, and
990:Khagan
950:khagan
925:xwt'yn
923:) and
913:hvatuñ
901:khatun
804:khagan
796:Rouran
788:Turkic
706:Mridha
681:Haldar
666:Vizier
572:Sikdar
517:Uç bey
448:Atabeg
394:Khanum
359:Yabghu
339:Murzin
319:Yuvraj
284:Mandal
279:Sardar
244:Sheikh
231:Prince
190:Khatun
160:Sultan
135:Khagan
125:Samrat
90:Caliph
31:, and
21:Khagan
3380:Khans
3327:. In
3018:S2CID
2943:JSTOR
2874:1–10.
2828:. In
2778:. In
2713:খ়ান্
2606:Silla
2600:: 加
2598:Buyeo
2519:Notes
2452:Jirga
2360:Tatar
2345:Tatar
2263:Umara
2255:Daula
2251:Nawab
2243:Nizam
2209:batur
2205:batyr
2173:Hanım
2070:Greek
2062:baga-
2060:and
1988:Uzbek
1980:India
1957:Qajar
1910:Xanım
1902:Hanım
1862:queen
1850:خاتون
1840:, or
1822:Silla
1756:Akbar
1695:Avars
1632:China
1536:Sibir
1476:Sheki
1460:Jawad
1456:Ganja
1397:Sarab
1323:]
1289:mirza
1156:knyaz
1151:Greek
1125:Pagan
1073:or a
1012:qa'an
963:qaγan
917:xwt'w
878:Sinor
835:tribe
812:malik
711:Nayak
671:Dewan
624:Pasha
619:Mirza
604:Jenmi
584:Damat
528:Baron
507:Begum
453:Boila
414:Count
354:Nizam
344:Tegin
334:Morza
329:Mirza
309:Nawab
289:Patil
269:Pasha
210:Nawab
205:Nizam
195:Hatun
155:Malik
3306:link
3292:2007
3224:ISBN
3210:2023
3164:..."
3075:ISBN
3010:PMID
2992:ISSN
2935:ISSN
2908:ISSN
2857:OCLC
2807:OCLC
2719:খ়াঁ
2657:ख़ाँ
2651:ख़ान
2624:: 瑕
2616:: 旱
2614:Gaya
2608:: 干
2592:: 皆
2584:: 汗
2574:𐰴𐰣
2536:хан/
2492:Tsar
2472:King
2447:Ejen
2374:Yuan
2275:Swat
2259:Mulk
2211:and
2155:(or
2110:and
2104:Baig
2058:*su-
2010:Shri
1990:and
1970:Urdu
1918:خانم
1868:and
1858:King
1798:khan
1767:Babi
1764:Shri
1697:and
1673:and
1659:Khan
1604:Khan
1571:Amir
1490:and
1464:Quba
1452:Baku
1426:and
1414:and
1393:Maku
1389:Khoy
1299:and
1189:Arab
1121:khan
1109:khan
1091:and
1085:Krum
1071:khan
1054:and
955:khan
953:and
931:)".
909:Saka
880:and
844:and
826:ulus
816:emir
786:and
760:Khan
676:Agha
661:Lala
649:Bibi
634:Baig
614:Mian
547:Rais
537:Agha
532:Lala
503:Baig
498:Kadi
468:Azat
458:Wāli
410:Earl
389:Shad
274:Babu
254:Rana
249:Raja
239:Emir
235:Duke
185:Khan
170:Shah
146:King
66:and
56:West
3000:PMC
2982:hdl
2974:doi
2898:doi
2716:or
2700:hun
2692:han
2673:خاں
2671:or
2669:خان
2654:or
2634:ᡥᠠᠨ
2618:kan
2610:kan
2594:key
2586:hán
2578:kan
2566:han
2558:xan
2550:han
2538:ᠬᠠᠨ
2477:Bey
2326:of
2271:Rai
2267:Jah
2207:or
2175:in
2157:bey
2153:Beg
2022:or
1864:in
1860:'s
1804:or
1794:Gan
1792:or
1790:Han
1777:of
1722:and
1681:in
1679:Han
1630:in
1494:),
1293:bey
1284:Jüz
1183:);
1127:as
1113:kan
1111:or
1075:kan
629:Bey
505:or
493:Bey
412:or
384:Mir
233:or
200:Dey
54:in
3376::
3361:.
3302:}}
3298:{{
3252:.
3235:^
3201:.
3126:^
3114:.
3073:.
3034:^
3024:.
3016:.
3008:.
2998:.
2990:.
2980:.
2968:.
2964:.
2941:.
2929:.
2906:.
2892:.
2888:.
2849:.
2836:;
2832:;
2799:.
2786:;
2782:;
2710::
2702:;
2694:;
2682:;
2667:,
2648::
2636:;
2632::
2628:;
2626:ke
2620:;
2612:;
2604:;
2602:ka
2596:;
2588:;
2580:;
2572::
2568:;
2564::
2560:;
2556::
2552:;
2548::
2544:;
2534::
2401:,
2362::
2347::
2265:,
2261:,
2257:,
2249:,
2130:.
2078:,
2004:,
1972::
1932:,
1916::
1912:;
1908::
1904:;
1900::
1848::
1754:,
1738::
1693:,
1638:.
1598:("
1506:.
1470:,
1462:,
1458:,
1321:ky
1291:,
1266:.
1223:c.
1171:;
1087:,
1058:.
1030:.
888:.
772:ɑː
602::
530::
481::
416::
237::
148::
88::
62:,
58:,
46:on
27:,
23:,
3365:.
3339:.
3308:)
3294:.
3272:.
3212:.
3101:)
3083:.
2984::
2976::
2970:2
2949:.
2931:1
2914:.
2900::
2894:2
2863:.
2813:.
2734:.
2680:)
2676:(
2665:)
2661:(
2380:.
2179:/
2134:.
2114:.
1968:(
1896:(
1844:(
1734:(
1549:.
1474:(
1133:(
1000:(
911:*
895:*
828:)
778:/
775:n
769:x
766:/
762:(
748:e
741:t
734:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
