272:, with which he had become familiar in studies of animal organs. On this approach, Quastel later wrote (1946) that "soil as a whole can be considered an organ comparable in some respects to a liver or a gland to which may be added various nutrients, pure or complex degraded plant materials, rain, air, and in which enzymatic reactions can occur."
302:
During his nineteen years at McGill, Quastel supervised seventy PhD candidates and his
Institute published over three hundred scientific papers on topics including metabolism of micro-organisms, soil biochemistry, neurobiochemistry, neurotropic drugs, anaesthesia, cancer biochemistry, enzyme
275:
Using these techniques, Quastel was able to quantify the influence of various plant hormones, inhibitors and other chemicals on the activity of microorganisms in the soil and assess their direct impact on plant growth. While the full work of the unit remained secret, certain discoveries were
248:
Quastel remained in
Hopkins’ department as a demonstrator and lecturer from 1923 to 1929, during which he pioneered the research of microbial enzymology. He obtained a doctorate of science from Cambridge in 1926 and received a Beit Memorial Fellowship in 1928.
252:
Quastel accepted a position as
Director of Research at the Cardiff City Mental Hospital in 1930. From this location, he was able to conduct early work on the enzymology and metabolism of the brain. For these studies, Quastel was made a Fellow of the
284:, a class of chemicals responsible for triggering a worldwide revolution in agricultural output and still the most widely used weed-killer in the world. Another invention was developed as a soil conditioner and is marketed by
299:-Montreal General Hospital Research Institute and professor of biochemistry at McGill University, and, in 1947, he accepted the invitation. The following year, he was appointed Director of the Institute.
824:
318:
in
Jerusalem, of which he had also been a governor since 1950. He received an honorary Doctorate of Science from McGill University in 1969. He was made an honorary Fellow of the
642:
303:
inhibition, and transport of nutrients and ions across membranes. Once he reached McGill's retirement age in 1966, Quastel accepted a professorship of neurochemistry at the
884:
337:
In 1931 Quastel married
Henrietta Jungmann and they had three children—Michael, David and Barbara. Following her death in 1973 he married again in 1975 to Susan Ricardo.
914:
601:
944:
558:
854:
894:
889:
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626:
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909:
679:"Biochemistry of nitrification in soil. 1. Kinetics of, and the effects of poisons on, soil nitrification, as studied by a soil perfusion technique"
167:
929:
859:
261:
132:
879:
159:
206:
He was educated at
Sheffield Central Secondary School. In the First World War, he served with the British Army as a Laboratory Assistant at
779:
949:
934:
919:
904:
571:
924:
200:
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864:
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577:
203:(Eastern Europe) and were married in Britain. He was named after his grandfather, Juda Quastel, a chemist in Tarnapol.
874:
163:
195:
the son of Jonas
Quastel, a confectioner, and his wife, Flora Itcovitz. His parents had come to Britain in 1897 from
319:
242:
268:. By analyzing soil as a dynamic system, rather than an inert substance, he was able to apply techniques such as
222:
803:
171:(October 2, 1899 – October 15, 1987) was a British-Canadian biochemist who pioneered diverse research in
254:
218:
214:
207:
88:
84:
899:
508:"Studies in fat metabolism: The oxidation of normal saturated fatty acids in the presence of liver slices"
640:
MacIntosh, Frank
Campbell; Sourkes, T. L. (1990). "Juda Hirsch Quastel. 2 October 1899-15 October 1987".
310:
Quastel received many honors, including, in 1970, Canada's highest recognition, the
Companionship of the
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234:
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757:
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620:
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136:
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developed for commercial use after the war. Best known is the compound commonly labeled as
311:
295:
After World War II, Quastel was invited to become
Assistant Director of the newly founded
155:
98:
743:
703:
678:
532:
507:
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427:
402:
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102:
833:
238:
455:"Choline ester formation in, and choline esterase activities of, tissues in vitro"
264:
asked Quastel to lead a new research unit focused on improving crop yield at the
560:
Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002
260:
In 1941, when Britain's wartime food supply emerged as a strategic concern, the
226:
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in the Department of Psychiatry, the first such position for that institution.
281:
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196:
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17:
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418:
213:
Electing to study chemistry, Quastel received a baccalaureate from
277:
314:. In the same year, he received an honorary doctorate from the
403:"Some properties of the dehydrogenating enzymes of bacteria"
225:, the leading figure in British biochemistry and a future
229:
recipient for his work on the nutritional importance of
372:
The Chemistry of Brain Metabolism in Health and Disease
643:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
340:
He had eleven grandchildren including mathematician
187:Quastel, also known as "Harry" or "Q," was born at
126:
118:
94:
80:
61:
39:
32:
241:in 1924 and, not long after, was made a Fellow of
566:. The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006.
139:-Montreal General Hospital Research Institute
8:
366:The Influence of Biochemistry in Modern Life
237:degree from the University of Cambridge in
804:"Neurochemistry Pioneer Dies in Vancouver"
453:; Tennenbaum, M.; Wheatley, A. H. (1936).
29:
885:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
751:
702:
531:
478:
426:
390:
280:, one of the first systemic or hormone
217:in 1921. Pursuing graduate work at the
915:Rothamsted Experimental Station people
625:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
618:
553:
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133:Agricultural and Food Research Council
945:Canadian fellows of the Royal Society
7:
855:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
233:. Under Hopkins, Quastel received a
895:Academic staff of McGill University
262:Agricultural Research Council (ARC)
25:
890:Companions of the Order of Canada
850:Alumni of Imperial College London
677:Lees, H.; Quastel, J. H. (1946).
940:20th-century Canadian biologists
910:Pesticides in the United Kingdom
266:Rothamsted Experimental Station
360:The Mechanism of Enzyme Action
305:University of British Columbia
1:
930:20th-century British chemists
860:British expatriates in Canada
880:Fellows of the Royal Society
401:; Wooldridge, W. R. (1928).
966:
753:10.1126/science.115.2989.3
320:Royal Society of Edinburgh
243:Trinity College, Cambridge
75:, British Columbia, Canada
950:Jewish British scientists
935:Scientists from Yorkshire
920:Scientists from Vancouver
905:Scientists from Sheffield
223:Frederick Gowland Hopkins
144:
111:
925:Scientists from Montreal
512:The Biochemical Journal
459:The Biochemical Journal
407:The Biochemical Journal
255:Royal Society of London
221:, Quastel studied with
219:University of Cambridge
215:Imperial College London
130:Cardiff Mental Hospital
89:University of Cambridge
85:Imperial College London
825:Royal Society citation
780:"QUASTEL, Juda Hirsch"
656:10.1098/rsbm.1990.0037
354:Chemistry of the Brain
726:Parks, R. Q. (1952).
288:under the trade name
865:Canadian biochemists
378:Metabolic Inhibitors
329:on 16 October 1987.
235:Doctor of Philosophy
208:St George's Hospital
870:English biochemists
784:The Open University
744:1952Sci...115a...3P
210:from 1917 to 1919.
177:cellular metabolism
175:, soil metabolism,
151:Juda Hirsch Quastel
34:Juda Hirsch Quastel
27:Canadian biochemist
875:English biologists
790:on March 13, 2005
695:10.1042/bj0400803
524:10.1042/bj0292159
471:10.1042/bj0301668
419:10.1042/bj0220689
316:Hebrew University
297:McGill University
148:
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137:McGill University
113:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
957:
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786:. Archived from
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689:(5–6): 803–812.
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637:
631:
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616:
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613:
604:. Archived from
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576:. Archived from
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546:
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518:(9): 2159–2180.
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465:(9): 1668–1681.
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286:Monsanto Company
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65:October 15, 1987
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30:
21:
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773:Further reading
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602:"Archived copy"
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312:Order of Canada
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99:Order of Canada
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81:Alma mater
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50:October 2, 1899
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573:0-902-198-84-X
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504:Quastel, J. H.
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451:Quastel, J. H.
442:
413:(3): 689–702.
399:Quastel, J. H.
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349:
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342:Jeremy Quastel
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189:Ecclesall Road
184:
181:
179:, and cancer.
173:neurochemistry
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103:Flavelle Medal
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69:(aged 88)
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900:Neurochemists
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608:on 2018-01-27
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814:. Retrieved
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792:. Retrieved
788:the original
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735:
731:
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686:
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672:
647:
641:
635:
610:. Retrieved
606:the original
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585:. Retrieved
578:the original
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503:
502:Jowett, M.;
497:
462:
458:
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365:
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348:Publications
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259:
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239:biochemistry
212:
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150:
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127:Institutions
122:Biochemistry
112:
67:(1987-10-15)
845:1987 deaths
840:1899 births
816:February 8,
811:UBC Reports
794:February 8,
738:(2989): 3.
650:: 380–418.
325:He died in
227:Nobel Prize
834:Categories
683:Biochem. J
612:2018-01-26
587:2018-01-26
385:References
282:herbicides
46:1899-10-02
728:"Krilium"
327:Vancouver
322:in 1983.
270:perfusion
257:in 1940.
193:Sheffield
183:Biography
73:Vancouver
56:, England
54:Sheffield
762:17741863
713:16748090
664:11616176
621:cite web
542:16745891
506:(1935).
489:16746209
437:16744066
231:vitamins
197:Tarnopol
740:Bibcode
732:Science
704:1270043
533:1266739
480:1263240
428:1252172
290:Krilium
201:Galicia
18:Quastel
760:
711:
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662:
570:
540:
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487:
477:
435:
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380:(1973)
374:(1961)
368:(1956)
362:(1940)
356:(1937)
333:Family
119:Fields
106:(1974)
95:Awards
807:(PDF)
581:(PDF)
564:(PDF)
278:2,4-D
166:
162:
158:
818:2005
796:2005
758:PMID
709:PMID
660:PMID
627:link
568:ISBN
538:PMID
485:PMID
433:PMID
168:FRSE
160:FRSC
62:Died
40:Born
748:doi
736:115
699:PMC
691:doi
652:doi
528:PMC
520:doi
475:PMC
467:doi
423:PMC
415:doi
199:in
191:in
164:FRS
836::
809:.
782:.
756:.
746:.
734:.
730:.
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697:.
687:40
685:.
681:.
658:.
648:36
646:.
623:}}
619:{{
550:^
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516:29
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411:22
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156:CC
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820:.
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44:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.