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Rakshasa

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1034: 1058: 617:, Rakshasas were a populous race. There were both good and evil rakshasas, and as warriors they fought alongside the armies of both good and evil. They were powerful warriors, expert magicians and illusionists. As shape-changers, they could assume different physical forms. As illusionists, they were capable of creating appearances which were real to those who believed in them or who failed to dispel them. Some of the rakshasas were said to be man-eaters, and made their gleeful appearance when the slaughter on a battlefield was at its worst. Occasionally they served as rank-and-file soldiers in the service of one or another warlord. 1010: 688: 1145: 673: 1372: 1400: 433: 43: 491: 392: 2313: 1358: 1386: 149: 653:. In the epic, the rākṣasas are portrayed as mainly demonic beings who are aggressive and sexual. They can assume any form they wish, which Rāvaṇa uses to good effect to trick and kidnap Sītā, Rāma's wife, which drives the rest of the narrative. The rākṣasas reside in the forests south of the Gangetic plain and in the island fortress of 1033: 1284:
role-playing game. They appear as animal-headed humanoids (generally with tiger or monkey heads) with their hands inverted (palms of its hands are where the backs of the hands would be on a human). They are masters of necromancy, enchantment and illusion (which they mostly use to disguise themselves)
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Brahmā, in a form composed of the quality of foulness, produced hunger, of whom anger was born: and the god put forth in darkness beings emaciate with hunger, of hideous aspects, and with long beards. Those beings hastened to the deity. Such of them as exclaimed, “Oh preserve us!” were thence called
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family. Their turn came when they had to make a delivery to Bakasura, and they debated who among them should be sacrificed. The rugged Bhima volunteered to take care of the matter. Bhima went into the forest with the food delivery (consuming it on the way to annoy Bakasura). He engaged Bakasura in a
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ferocious wrestling match, and broke his back. The human townspeople were amazed and grateful. The local Rakshasas begged for mercy, which Bhima granted them on the condition that they give up cannibalism. The Rakshasas agreed and soon acquired a reputation for being peaceful towards humans.
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to reconnoiter the situation, and the young woman fell in love with the handsome Bhima, whom she warned of danger. Infuriated, Hidimba declared he was ready to kill not only the Pandavas but also his sister, but he was thwarted by the heroism of Bhima, who defeated and killed him in a
733:, a Rakshasa who fought on the side of the Pandavas, was the son of Bhima and the Rakshasi Hidimbi, who had fallen in love with the hero and warned him of danger from her brother. Bhima killed the evil Rakshasa Hidimba. Their son's name refers to his round bald head; 777:, when the battle continued on past sunset, his powers were at their most effective (at night). After performing many heroic deeds on the battlefield and fighting numerous duels with other great warriors (including the Rakshasa Alamvusha, the elephant-riding King 848:, the brother of Bakasura, was a cannibal and master illusionist. He haunted the wood of Kamyaka, dining on human travellers. Like his brother before him, Kirmira also made the mistake of fighting the Pandav hero Bhima, who killed him with his bare hands. 836:
was a cannibalistic forest-dwelling Rakshasa who terrorized the nearby human population by forcing them to take turns making him regular deliveries of food, including human victims. The Pandavas travelled into the area and took up residence with a local
745:. Ghatotkacha is considered a loyal and humble figure. He and his followers were available to his father Bhima at any time; all Bhima had to do was to think of him and he would appear. Like his father, Ghatotkacha primarily fought with the 1285:
and are very hard to kill, especially due to their partial immunity to magical effects. They ravenously prey upon humans as food and dress themselves in fine clothing. This version of the rakshasa was heavily inspired by an episode of
1242:'s monkeys. Ravana is depicted with ten heads and twenty arms, mounted on a chariot drawn by creatures that appear to be a mixture of horse, lion, and bird. Vibhishana is shown standing behind and aligned with Rama and his brother 1057: 809:, the best Pandava fighter. Unable to refuse Duryodhana, Karna used the Shakti against Ghatotkacha, killing him. This is considered to be the turning point of the war. After his death, the Pandava counselor 1345:
now means "giant", "gigantic", "huge and strong"; the Malaysian variant recognises the word as an outright official equivalent to "monster" whereas the Indonesian variant uses it more in colloquial usage.
1136:). The devils are envious of humans and thus attempt to possess their body and minds. If they succeed, the human adapts to the new soul and gains their qualities, turning the person into a Rakshasa. 620:
Aside from their treatment of unnamed rank-and-file Rakshasas, the epics tell the stories of certain members of these beings who rose to prominence, sometimes as heroes but more often as villains.
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Rodrigues, Hillary (2018). "Asuras, Daityas, Dānavas, Rākṣasas, Piśācas, Bhūtas, Pretas, and so forth". In Knut, A. Jacobsen; Basu, Helene; Malinar, Angelika; Narayanan, Vasudha (eds.).
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describes him as a cruel cannibal with sharp, long teeth and prodigious strength. When Hidimba saw the Pandavas sleeping in his forest, he decided to eat them. He sent his sister
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Rākṣasas. Those created beings, overwhelmed by hunger, attempted to seize the waters. Those among them who said—“we shall protect these waters”, are remembered as Rākṣasas.
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to Sri Lanka for delivering the sermon in the land. There are other Rakhasas from the land, such as Wibisana, who is believed to be the brother of Ravana in
601:(magical powers of illusion), which enabled them to change size at will and assume the form of any creature. The female equivalent of rakshasa is rakshasi. 2673: 862:, wife of the five Pandavas. Bhima arrived in time to intervene, and killed Jatasur in a duel. Jatasur's son was Alamvush, who fought on the side of the 801:, to kill Ghatotkacha, as the entire Kaurava army was near annihilation due to his ceaseless strikes from the air. Karna possessed a divine weapon, 626:
suggests that the Rakshasas could represent exaggerated, supernatural depictions of demonized forest-dwellers who were outside the caste society.
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protruding from the top of the mouth and having sharp, claw-like fingernails. They were shown as being mean, growling beasts, and as insatiable
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anchoring the line of Asuras that are pulling on the serpent's head. Scholars have speculated that one of the figures in the line of
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that could smell the scent of human flesh. Some of the more ferocious ones were shown with flaming red eyes and hair, drinking
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and the home of Rāma. In Laṅkā, the capital of Rāvaṇa, the rākṣasas live in a complex society comparable to the humans of
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Alamvusha was a Rakshasa skilled at fighting with both conventional weapons and the powers of illusion. According to the
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Rakshasas were most often depicted as shape-shifting, fierce-looking, enormous monstrous-looking creatures, with two
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includes a dialogue between the Buddha and a group of rakshasa daughters, who swear to uphold and protect the
805:, granted by the god Indra. It could be used only once and Karna had been saving it to use on his arch-enemy 773:. Invoking his magical powers, he wrought great havoc in the Kaurava army. In particular, after the death of 708:
was the nemesis of forest-dwelling Rakshasas who dined on human travellers and terrorized human settlements.
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smiled, as he considered the Pandava prince Arjuna to be saved from certain death, as Karna had used the
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The artists of Angkor also depicted the Battle of Lanka between the Rakshasas under the command of
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Many Rakshasas appear in various Buddhist Scriptures. In Chinese tradition rakshasa are known as
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view the Rakshasas as the result of people whose soul is replaced by the spirit of a devil (
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depiction. This version is a fierce but benevolent guardian of the jungle who allies with
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This battle is also depicted in a less refined bas-relief at the 12th-century temple of
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Rakshasa as a single deity, depicted on a page from a folio describing deities from the
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of Vyasa translated from Sanskrit into English by Kisari Mohan Ganguli, online version
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This article is about malevolent beings in Hinduism and Buddhism. For other uses, see
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Pollock, Sheldon I. (1991). "Rākṣasas and Others". In Goldman, Robert P. (ed.).
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as land of Rakshasas. Their king is the Rakshasa called Ravana, who invites
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with their cupped hands or from human skulls (similar to representations of
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The Rāmāyaṇa of Vālmīki: An Epic of Ancient India, Volume III: Araṇyakāṇda
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in later Western mythology). Generally they could fly, vanish, and had
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episode "Darkness Before Dawn". He is a humanoid tiger similar to the
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of "Rakshasa" during one of his wrathful conquests to subdue Buddhist
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Ghatotkacha was summoned by Bhima to fight on the Pandava side in the
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entitled "Horror in the Heights," which aired on December 20, 1974.
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Skyes, Edgerton; Kendall, Alan; Sykes, Egerton (4 February 2014).
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The Lotus-Born: The Life Story of Padmasambhava, recorded by
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Rakshasa heroes fought on both sides in the Kurukshetra war.
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Monster Manuel Core Rulebook III V3.5 Cook, Tweet, Williams
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depicts the Battle of Lanka between Rakshasas and monkeys.
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Painting of Rakshasa as one of the Twelve Devas of the
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Mahabharata, Book VI: Bhishma Parva, Section 101–102
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Indian Mythology: An Encyclopedia of Myth and Legend
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depicts the figures churning the ocean. It includes
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bridge" at the entrance to the 12th-century city of
2544: 2462: 2320: 2179: 243: 212: 191: 181: 171: 67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2029:A learner's comprehensive dictionary of Indonesian 1788:Lotus Sutra, chapter 26, Burton Watson translation 1676:Mahabharata, Book I: Adi Parva, Sections 159-166.) 1483:"God Brahmā's mental creation [Chapter 8]" 1250:, mounted on a similar chariot, is shown fighting 793:. At this point in the battle, the Kaurava leader 1230:and the Vanaras or monkeys under the command of 956:to protect followers who also uphold the sutra. 1754:Mahabharata, Book VII: Drona Parva, Section 108 1745:Mahabharata, Book VII: Drona Parva, Section 107 1703:Mahabharata, Book VII: Drona Parva, Section 167 1694:Mahabharata, Book III: Varna Parva, Section 156 683:with ten heads, was the commander of Rakshasas. 1923: 1911: 1808:The Circle of Bliss: Buddhist Meditational Art 1685:Mahabharata, Book III: Varna Parva, Section 11 936: 2153: 1657:. Princeton University Press. pp. 68–84. 926: 920: 825:, honors Ghatotkacha; it is located near the 8: 1594:"The Brahmanda Purana, Section 2: Chapter 8" 886:defeated him in a duel, as did Arjuna's son 362:. They are often depicted as antagonists in 141: 1667:Mahabharata, Book I: Adi Parva, Section 154 1203:A bas-relief at the 12th-century temple of 854:was a cunning Rakshasa who, disguised as a 420:Learn how and when to remove these messages 324: 2160: 2146: 2138: 2082:Freeman, Michael; Jacques, Claude (2003). 789:), Ghatotkacha encountered the human hero 1999:""World War Z" As Mindless As Its Undead" 1806:John C. Huntington, Dina Bangdel (2003). 1278:have long been a race of villains in the 882:, he fought on the side of the Kauravas. 553:Learn how and when to remove this message 535:Learn how and when to remove this message 473:Learn how and when to remove this message 127:Learn how and when to remove this message 2021: 2019: 1832:"The Lankavatara Sutra. A Mahayana Text" 1630:Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300 1607:Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). 1539:Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism Online 1473: 1200:is shown anchoring the line of Asuras. 1005: 1935: 1907: 1895: 1810:. Serindia Publications. p. 335. 140: 1725:The Mahabharata Book 6: Bhishma Parva 1580:"The Vishnu Purana, Book 1:Chapter 8" 1188:is lined with large stone statues of 310: 7: 1857:"Jainism Resource Center - Articles" 1722:Ganguli (1883–1896). "Section XCI". 1532: 1530: 1510:Who's Who in Non-Classical Mythology 455:adding citations to reliable sources 350:They are offered a distinction from 65:adding citations to reliable sources 1885:. Springer Netherlands. p. 88. 1765:The Contemporary Chinese Dictionary 1481:www.wisdomlib.org (18 April 2019). 1192:and Asuras engaged in churning the 1102:accounts of Rakshasa. According to 2674:Non-human races in Hindu mythology 2093:Khmer Mythology: Secrets of Angkor 1050:Japan, Heian period, 12th century. 797:had appealed to his best fighter, 657:, both far away from the lands of 25: 1582:. Wisdom Library. 30 August 2014. 1140:Artistic and folkloric depictions 401:This section has multiple issues. 374:. The female form of rakshasa is 166:. Artist: Krishna Hasyagar, Karki 2311: 1596:. Wisdom Library. 18 April 2019. 1398: 1384: 1370: 1356: 1056: 1032: 1008: 489: 431: 390: 41: 2058:Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu 1958:"TSR - Q&A with Gary Gygax" 1558:. Aquarian Press. p. 148. 931:). In Japan, they are known as 890:. But Alamvusha in turn killed 442:needs additional citations for 409:or discuss these issues on the 52:needs additional citations for 2106:Pollock, Sheldon (1985/1986). 1997:Agrawal, Sahil (4 July 2013). 1971:Kaldor, David (17 June 2023). 927: 921: 665:, where some rākṣasas such as 1: 2032:. Atma Stanton. p. 445. 2026:Atmosumarto, Sutanto (2004). 979:Sri Lankan Buddhist mythology 959:Five rakshasha are part of 817:divine weapon. A temple in 716:, a cannibal Rakshasa. The 515:the claims made and adding 301: 2690: 2121:vol. 13, pp. 263–281. 1924:Freeman & Jacques 2003 1912:Freeman & Jacques 2003 1513:. Routledge. p. 163. 1288:Kolchak: The Night Stalker 1268: 1088: 952:. They also teach magical 366:scriptures, as well as in 29: 2669:Mythological hematophages 2633: 2309: 2113:24 September 2015 at the 2091:Rovedo, Vittorio (1997). 1883:Java, Indonesia and Islam 1297:Unicorn: Warriors Eternal 937: 320: 291: 146: 32:Rakshasa (disambiguation) 2617:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 2095:. New York: Weatherhill. 1294:Rakshasa appears in the 2086:. Bangkok: River Books. 1881:Woodward, Mark (2010). 1628:Thapar, Romila (2002). 1458:Six Flags Great America 1337:which have significant 1176:in stone sculpture and 1110:, who were devotees of 1098:accounts vary from the 969:mentions the island of 27:Race in Hindu mythology 2119:Indologica Taurinensia 2108:"Rakshasas and others" 1610:India through the Ages 1552:Knappert, Jan (1991). 1281:Dungeons & Dragons 1161: 692: 684: 152: 1861:sites.fas.harvard.edu 1147: 967:The Lankavatara Sutra 690: 675: 151: 1910:, pp. 108–110; 1215:is Ravana's brother 1172:frequently depicted 894:, Arjuna's son by a 637:In books 3-6 of the 609:In the world of the 451:improve this article 61:improve this article 2003:The Harvard Crimson 1271:Rakshasa in fiction 1067:accompanied by the 827:Hidimba Devi Temple 143: 2076:General references 1938:, pp. 116–117 1308:against the Evil. 1162: 944:Chapter 26 of the 753:and his sons were 696:In the Mahabharata 693: 685: 669:are moral beings. 500:possibly contains 347:or eating humans. 312:[raːkʂɐsɐ] 204:Buddhist mythology 153: 2651: 2650: 1960:. 29 August 2002. 1793:25 March 2003 at 1565:978-1-85538-040-0 1520:978-1-136-41437-4 1487:www.wisdomlib.org 1454:Wrath of Rakshasa 1434:List of Rakshasas 1196:. The ten-headed 761:, and Meghavarna. 563: 562: 555: 545: 544: 537: 502:original research 483: 482: 475: 424: 281: 280: 231:Manushya-rakshasi 162:, an art form of 137: 136: 129: 111: 16:(Redirected from 2681: 2315: 2162: 2155: 2148: 2139: 2096: 2087: 2069: 2068: 2066: 2064: 2050: 2044: 2043: 2023: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2009: 1994: 1988: 1987: 1985: 1983: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1954: 1948: 1945: 1939: 1933: 1927: 1921: 1915: 1905: 1899: 1893: 1887: 1886: 1878: 1872: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1853: 1847: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1828: 1822: 1821: 1803: 1797: 1785: 1779: 1778: 1761: 1755: 1752: 1746: 1743: 1737: 1736: 1734: 1732: 1719: 1713: 1710: 1704: 1701: 1695: 1692: 1686: 1683: 1677: 1674: 1668: 1665: 1659: 1658: 1650: 1644: 1643: 1625: 1619: 1618: 1604: 1598: 1597: 1590: 1584: 1583: 1576: 1570: 1569: 1549: 1543: 1542: 1534: 1525: 1524: 1504: 1498: 1497: 1495: 1493: 1478: 1408: 1403: 1402: 1394: 1389: 1388: 1387: 1380: 1378:Indonesia portal 1375: 1374: 1373: 1366: 1361: 1360: 1359: 1079: 1060: 1051: 1036: 1027: 1012: 940: 939: 930: 929: 924: 923: 823:Himachal Pradesh 741:means 'head' in 737:means 'pot' and 558: 551: 540: 533: 529: 526: 520: 517:inline citations 493: 492: 485: 478: 471: 467: 464: 458: 435: 427: 416: 394: 393: 386: 345:Vedic sacrifices 326: 322: 314: 309: 304: 293: 182:Similar entities 144: 132: 125: 121: 118: 112: 110: 69: 45: 37: 21: 2689: 2688: 2684: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2679: 2678: 2654: 2653: 2652: 2647: 2643:Hindu mythology 2629: 2540: 2458: 2316: 2307: 2175: 2166: 2132:The Mahabharata 2128: 2115:Wayback Machine 2103: 2101:Further reading 2090: 2081: 2078: 2073: 2072: 2062: 2060: 2052: 2051: 2047: 2040: 2025: 2024: 2017: 2007: 2005: 1996: 1995: 1991: 1981: 1979: 1970: 1969: 1965: 1956: 1955: 1951: 1946: 1942: 1934: 1930: 1922: 1918: 1906: 1902: 1894: 1890: 1880: 1879: 1875: 1865: 1863: 1855: 1854: 1850: 1840: 1838: 1830: 1829: 1825: 1818: 1805: 1804: 1800: 1786: 1782: 1775: 1763: 1762: 1758: 1753: 1749: 1744: 1740: 1730: 1728: 1721: 1720: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1702: 1698: 1693: 1689: 1684: 1680: 1675: 1671: 1666: 1662: 1652: 1651: 1647: 1640: 1627: 1626: 1622: 1606: 1605: 1601: 1592: 1591: 1587: 1578: 1577: 1573: 1566: 1551: 1550: 1546: 1536: 1535: 1528: 1521: 1506: 1505: 1501: 1491: 1489: 1480: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1406:Religion portal 1404: 1397: 1392:Hinduism portal 1390: 1385: 1383: 1376: 1371: 1369: 1362: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1323: 1273: 1267: 1164:The artists of 1142: 1120: 1104:Jain literature 1093: 1091:Rama in Jainism 1087: 1080: 1076:Kamakura period 1073: 1072: 1061: 1052: 1049: 1048: 1037: 1028: 1021: 1020: 1013: 913: 771:Kurukshetra War 749:. 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