Rallying - Knowledge (XXG)

2279: 809:(the forerunner of the Royal Automobile Club) organised the Thousand Mile Trial, a 15-day event linking Britain's major cities in order to promote this novel form of transport. Seventy vehicles took part, the majority of them trade entries. They had to complete thirteen stages of route varying in length from 43 to 123 miles (69 to 198 km) at average speeds of up to the legal limit of 12 mph (19 km/h), and tackle six hillclimb or speed tests. On rest days and at lunch halts, the cars were shown to the public in exhibition halls. This event was followed in 1901 by a five-day trial based in Glasgow The Scottish Automobile Club organised an annual Glasgow–London non-stop trial from 1902 to 1904, then the Scottish Reliability Trial from 1905. The Motor Cycling Club allowed cars to enter its trials and runs from 1904 (London– 460: 2437: 359: 2075: 225: 1859: 391: 667:). It was organised by a group of wealthy locals who formed the "Sport Automobile Vélocipédique Monégasque" and bankrolled by the "Société des Bains de Mer" (the "sea bathing company"), the operators of the famous casino who were keen to attract wealthy and adventurous motorists to their 'rallying point'. Competitors could start at various locations but with a speed limit of 25kph imposed, the competitive elements were partly based on cleanliness, condition and elegance of the cars and required a jury to choose a winner. However, getting to Monaco in winter was a challenge in itself. A second event was held in 1912. 1617: 177: 2000: 373: 331: 314: 1910: 211: 1334: 660:, who had members attending the event, independently organised their own road competition to contest on the journey between the two cities. A prize of $ 10 was awarded to the motorist "approximating the most ideal schedule" between two secret points along the route and who had "the most nearly correct idea of a pleasant and sensible pleasure tour" between the two cities. Though this format of competition itself would later become known as a regularity 'rally', it wasn't at the time, however the trophy and prize were awarded at the rally. 1773: 1739: 637: 246: 1065: 27: 194: 2385: 1921:: The team principal is the authoritative organizer and decision maker. They are ultimately responsible for recruitment of all positions, which rallies or championships to enter, technical development and maintenance of cars, and competitive aims or targets. They are generally a position found in manufacturer teams where they will also be responsible for promotional and commercial activities. In all cases a team principal will also be responsible for the financial management. 345: 297:, Regional Rally Championships; and many countries' motorsport governing bodies organise domestic rallying championships using speed competitions. The stages may vary from flat asphalt and mountain passes to rough forest tracks, from ice and snow to desert sand, each chosen to provide a challenge for the crew and a test of the car's performance and reliability. A single-venue rally takes place without the need for public road sections though the format and rules remain. 2331: 618:', meaning to reunite or regroup urgently during a battle. It was in use since at least the seventeenth century and continues to mean to synergise with haste for a purpose. By the time of the invention of the motor car, it was in use as a noun to define the organised mass gathering of people, not to protest or demonstrate, but to promote or celebrate a social, political or religious cause. Motor car rallies were probably being arranged as motor clubs and 1430:. Popular international rallies were included in the championship and professional drivers have been employed alongside amateur entrants for the entirety of its existence. In the 21st century the events began to take a common "clover-leaf" format instead of the touring "A-B" format. A central service park would provide the base for all the teams and officials, including all overnight halts, with the special stages within reach of the service park. 406:; cross-country rallies take place mostly off-road using similar competitive elements to road and special stage rallying competitions. When off-road, waypoints and markers are set using GPS systems, although competitors cannot use GPS for navigation. Crews must choose how best to cross the terrain to the next waypoint whilst respecting the navigational instructions provided in the roadbook. The challenge is mostly navigational and endurance. The 921: 1715: 1483: 2180: 1356:(Finnish), or special stage. These were shorter sections of route, usually on minor or private roads—predominantly gravel in these countries—away from habitation and traffic, which were separately timed. These provided the solution to the conflict inherent in the notion of driving as fast as possible on ordinary roads. The idea spread to other countries, albeit more slowly to the most demanding events. 687: 1726:

opportunities to meet and greet the crews and commercial outlets providing goods and services. If the rally is of the touring A to B kind there may be multiple service parks that may be very small and only used once each meaning teams carry as little as possible for simple logistics purposes. A remote service is a small service used once when there are stages far away from a central service park.

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reconnaissance, the co-driver writes down shorthand notes on how to best drive the stage. Usually, the drivers call out the turns and road conditions for the co-drivers to write down. These pacenotes are then read aloud through an internal intercom system during the actual rally, allowing the driver to anticipate the upcoming terrain and thus take the course as fast as possible.

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of the rally are the winners. In trying to maintain the set average speed/s, the reliability of the vehicle, and the ability of the crew to drive, navigate and follow the itinerary is tested. Most non-regularity rally itineraries follow this base structure even where driving tests or special stages are used, however these would not then be described as a regularity rally.

1141:) they tightened the timing to make sure it never happened again. These two events became the ones for "the men" to do. The Monte, because of its glamour, got the media coverage and the biggest entries (and in snowy years was also a genuine challenge); while the Acropolis took advantage of Greece's appalling roads to become a truly tough event. In 1956 came Corsica's 837:(Prince Henry Trial) in 1908. Another trial was held in 1910. These were very successful, attracting top drivers and works cars from major teams – several manufacturers added "Prince Henry" models to their ranges. The first Alpine Trial was held in 1909, in Austria, and by 1914 this was the toughest event of its kind, producing a star performance from Britain's 1687: 904:. Each event attracted only a handful of adventurous souls, but in both cases the successful drivers exhibited characteristics modern rally drivers would recognise: meticulous preparation, mechanical skill, resourcefulness, perseverance and a certain single-minded ruthlessness. Rather gentler (and more akin to modern rallying) was the 1233: 656:, a rally was organised to promote the need for better roads. The rally itself had no competition and most vehicles were expected to be parked for its duration. The programme included a visit to some ongoing roadworks, a vehicle parade, with food, drink, dancing and music also arranged. However, the Automobile Club of 293:

timekeeping, and road traffic law rules must be followed. These open road sections are sometimes called transport stages, somewhat complementing special stages in the make-up of a stage rally. These are the most common format of professional and commercial rallies and rally championships. The FIA organises the

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introduced to the various nation's roads, rallies became mostly about reliability than speed. As a result rallies and trials became a great proving ground for any standard production vehicle, with no real need to purposely build a rally competition car until the special stage was introduced in the 1950s.

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A rally team is not required and can exist in various forms but is usually only found in professional or commercial speed competition rallying such as is found in the WRC where manufacturer teams are required to enter multiple cars. Commercial teams exist to provide a service to privateers. A driver,

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is used to describe a driver who may have the skills and aptitude to win a rally of a certain surface but not on another. In the World Rally Championship which consists of different surfaces, a tarmac specialist driver may be employed by a team for example, on only the tarmac rounds. A privateer snow

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Other rallies provide organizer-created "route notes" also referred to as "stage notes" and disallow reconnaissance and use of custom pacenotes. These notes are usually created using a predetermined format, from which a co-driver can optionally add comments or transpose into other pacenote notations.

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followed four years later. The rally travelled southwards into Africa but a navigational error saw most of the rally become lost in Algerian desert. Eventually only seven teams reached the southernmost point of the rally in Nigeria with five teams making it back to West Germany having driven all legs

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In an exclusively regularity rally, the aim is to adhere to the itinerary by following the route and arriving and departing at checkpoints at the prescribed time, with penalties applied to entrants who arrive early, late or who deviate from the route. The entrants with the fewest penalties at the end

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achieved his only two victories in the world, in the Rally Sweden. Historically, manufacturers always used local drivers due to their experience which ensured a certain result. Unlike in many other sports, rally has no gender barriers and everybody can compete on equal terms in this regard, although

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drivers. The first is one who competes for a team, usually that of a manufacturer, who provides the car, parts, repairs, logistics and the support personnel. Most of the works drivers of the 1950s were amateurs, paid little or nothing, reimbursed their expenses and given bonuses for winning. Then in

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held in 1968. The rally trekked across Europe, the Middle-East and the sub-continent before boarding a ship in Bombay to arrive in Fremantle eight days later before the final push across Australia to Sydney. It attracted over 100 crews including a number of works teams and top drivers; it was won by

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or just Liège, officially called "Le Marathon de la Route" (1931), two events of radically different character; the former a gentle tour between cities from various start points, "rallying" at a seaside resort with a series of manoeuvrability and car control tests; the latter a thinly disguised road

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The First World War brought a lull to motorsport. The Monte Carlo Rally was not revived until 1924, but since then, apart from World War II and its aftermath, it has been an annual event and remains a regular round of the World Rally Championship. In the 1930s, helped by the tough winters, it became

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The event led to a period of city-to-city road races being organised in Europe and the USA, which introduced many of the features found in later rallies: individual start times with cars running against the clock rather than head to head; time controls at the entry and exit points of towns along the

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The minimum age and inclusion of a vehicle in a historic rally is at the decision of the organiser. The FIA organises two international competitions for historic rallying: the European Historic Rally Championship, composed of special stage rallies; and the Trophy for Historic Regularity Rallies. In

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On special stages, the co-driver's role is to notate pace notes during reconnaissance and recite them at the correct point the driver demands when competing. This is a skill in itself as it requires reading the notes of the unseen road ahead from a page whilst keeping track of the current location.

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stage and is sometimes called a navigator. The co-driver and driver may swap roles although this is uncommon. On all rallies their responsibilities are mostly organizational, assisting to ensure the route is adhered to, the correct timing of the itinerary is met, ensuring completion of the timecard

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which acts as a time control for the following road section and the place for the crews to find out their time of completing the stage. To avoid interruptions and hindering other competitors the road between the time control and the end of the start line zone, and between the flying finish and stop

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took just under five and a quarter hours for the 550 km (340 mi) to Bordeaux, an average of 105 km/h (65.3 mph). Speeds had now exceeded the safe limits of dusty highways thronged with spectators and open to other traffic, people and animals and there were numerous crashes, many

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Despite the name, gravel crews are only found on asphalt rallies. These crews drive the stages as late as possible before the zero car to make last minute embellishments to the pace notes on the topic of traction. This is usually from weather conditions such as ice or snow or where gravel has been

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The engineer helps develop the car away from a rally, tuning it to be in best form for competition. During a rally, the engineer will assist the driver with the set-up of the car such as fine-tuning the suspension, differentials, gear ratios or deciding on correct tyres. The engineer may also be a

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had formally become an International event in 1951, but Britain's laws precluded the closure of public highways for special stages. This meant it had to rely on short manoeuvrability tests, regularity sections and night map-reading navigation to find a winner, which made it unattractive to foreign

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In countries where there was no shortage of demanding roads across remote terrain, other events sprang up. In South America, the biggest of these took the form of long distance city to city races, each around 5,000 to 6,000 miles (8,000 to 9,700 km), divided into daily legs. The first was the

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Unless the car is in a scheduled service, only the driver and co-driver can repair or work on the car during the rally with no external assistance allowed. Spectators assisting a crashed car is technically a breach of the rules but is usually overlooked. Driver's and co-drivers often have to make

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which saw competitors travel from London eastwards across to Bulgaria before turning westwards on a more southerly route before boarding a ship in Lisbon. Disembarking in Rio de Janeiro the route travelled southward into Argentina before turning northwards along the western coast of South America

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Rallying was again slow to get under way after a major war, but by the 1950s there were many long-distance road rallies. In Europe, the Monte Carlo Rally, the French and Austrian Alpines, and the Liège were joined by a host of new events that quickly established themselves as classics: the Lisbon

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allows teams to use the same group of mechanics with flexibility in the timing, for example if two cars are due to arrive at two minute intervals, the second cars' 45 minute service can be delayed whilst the first car is serviced. During overnight halts between legs cars are held in a quarantine

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Road Competition with an imposed average speed run entirely or partly on roads open to normal traffic. A Rally consists either of a single itinerary..., or of several itineraries converging on a rallying-point fixed beforehand.... The route may include one or several special stages, i.e. events

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with various competitive motoring elements such as speed tests (sometimes called "rally racing" in United States), navigation tests, or the ability to reach waypoints or a destination at a prescribed time or average speed. Rallies may be short in the form of trials at a single venue, or several

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Though not necessary for all rallies, many road rallies have a central service park that acts as a base for servicing, scrutineering, parc fermé and playing host to Rally Headquarters, where the rally officials assemble. Service parks can also be a spectator attraction in their own right, with

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The co-driver often exercises an important role in strategy, monitoring the state of rivals and in many cases acting as a psychologist, since they also encourage and advise the driver. The rapport between driver and co-driver must therefore be essential and it is common for a driver to change

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The introduction of the special stage effectively brought rallying into its modern form. Since then, the nature of the events has evolved relatively slowly though over time, rallies have tended to become shorter in distance, but also allowing for more events to be organised. Some of the older

505:: Though not a form of rally, hillclimbing could be described in related terms as one special stage that climbs a hill. Cars start at intervals from one start point to one finish point. This discipline allows for many types of vehicles including single-seaters and can be arranged at one venue. 2530:

on October 1, 2019. The documentary consisted of interviews with Tänak, his family, friends and colleagues within the sport interspersed with filmed and archive footage of Tänak's previous rallies along with behind-the-scenes footage from the 2018 WRC season viewed from the Estonian driver's

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Auto manufacturers had entered cars in rallies, and in their forerunner and cousin events, from the very beginning. The 1894 Paris-Rouen race was mainly a competition between them, while the Thousand Mile Trial of 1900 had more trade than private entries. From the time that speed limits were

952:(International Alpine Trial), organised jointly by the automobile clubs of Italy, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and, latterly, France. This last event, run from 1928 to 1936, attracted strong international fields vying for an individual Glacier Cup or a team Alpine Cup, including successful 292:

where speed is used to determine the classification of the rally's competitors; the quickest time to complete the special stages wins the rally. These are sections of road closed to traffic and authorised to be used for speed tests. Special stages are linked by open roads where navigation,

2275:, dominating world rallying during 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991 and 1992 – winning six consecutive manufacturer's world rally championship titles, a feat unbeaten as of 2022. In the 1990s Japanese manufacturers Toyota, Subaru and Mitsubishi also dominated the world rally championships. 1701:

In many rallies, including those of the World Rally Championship (WRC), drivers are allowed to run on the special stages of the course before the competition begins and create their own pacenotes. This process is called reconnaissance or recce and a low maximum speed is imposed. During

488:', explicitly states in its terms that no form of competition between participants must take place. The FIA defined this activity under 'rally of the touring kind' at least until 2007, though have now separated the term 'Touring Assembly' without using the word rally in its definition. 552:: Created for a British TV programme in 1967 where rally drivers were allowed to directly compete in groups of four in short sprint races on a circuit. Rallycross has grown to have FIA World and European Championships with specifically developed cars that out-power standard rally cars. 110:

organised on roads closed to normal traffic, and which together determine the general classification of the Rally. The itineraries which are not used for special stages are called road sections. Speed must never constitute a factor determining the classification on these road sections.

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and United States borders, which ran until 1954. All these events fell victim to the cost – financial, social and environmental – of putting them on in an increasingly complex and developed world, although smaller road races continued long after, and a few still do in countries like

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was revived by the Automobile-Club de Nice as a different kind of rally, based primarily on a series of races at circuits and hillclimbs around the country. It was successful for a while and continued until 1986. It spawned similar events in a few other countries, but none survive.

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injuries and eight deaths. The French government stopped the race and banned this style of event. From then on, racing in Europe (apart from Italy) would be on closed circuits, initially on long loops of public highway and then, in 1907, on the first purpose-built track, England's

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partners throughout their career if they do not feel comfortable. Perhaps for this reason it is very common to find relatives competing. Examples of this are the Panizzi brothers, who raced in France and the world championship, the Vallejo brothers in Spain or the world champion

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in various forms for vehicles with alternative fuel sources or hybrid powertrains. As a regularity rally no speed tests take place meaning competitors can enter using commercially available cars, however purpose-built cars have entered in the solar powered category for example.

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went over the edge of a mountain road and were incinerated in the fireball that followed. FISA immediately changed the rules again: rallying after 1987 would be in Groups A and N cars, closer to the production model. One notably successful car during this period was the Group A

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for Grand Touring cars. The low production requirement and loose restrictions of Group B led many manufacturers to develop cars much further removed from production models, and so was created a generation of rallying supercars, of which the most radical and successful were the

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may be published and distributed to competitors detailing the itinerary, the route they must follow and any supplementary regulations they must follow. The route can be marked out in tulip diagrams, a form of illustrating the navigational requirements or other standard icons.

821:). In 1908 the Royal Automobile Club held its 2,000 mi (3,200 km) International Touring Car Trial, and in 1914 the Light Car Trial for manufacturers of cars up to 1400 cc, to test comparative performances. In 1924, the exercise was repeated as the Small Car Trials. 559:

in Italy, in December 1985, was a show race of rally drivers in an arena occupied by around 50,000 spectators, a "Mickey Mouse Course" had been created, on which two players (starting from different starting places) competed for the overall victory in the final through a

304:), in which older cars can continue to rally. Historic rallies are usually regularity rallies with no speed tests arranged. This discipline attracts some former professional drivers back into the sport. Other drivers started their competition careers in historic rallying. 176: 794:(Tour of Sicily, 1914), which went right round the island, both of which continued on and off until after World War II. The first Alpine event was held in 1898, the Austrian Touring Club's three-day Automobile Run through South Tyrol, which included the infamous 265:. Each stage may have different targets or rules attached. In the FIA ecoRally Cup for example, energy performance is measured on regularity stages ran in conformity with the clock. A gimmick rally may have stages with varying difficulty of the puzzle element. 2490:

directed by ex-rally driver Nick Rowland. The film, set during the last year of the Group B class of rally tells the story of a young driver having to face a difficult comeback after a "long and troubled absence". The young driver is played by Scottish actor

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Although there had been exceptions like the outlandish Ford V8 specials created for the 1936 Monte Carlo Rally, rallies before World War II had tended to be for standard or near-standard production cars. After the war, most competing cars were production

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As regularity rallies and touring assemblies take place on open roads without a performance requirement, a rally organiser can hypothetically allow any street legal vehicle to enter. The Wacky Rally will permit campervans, fire appliances, busses or the

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and only the winning team completing the full distance. This, coupled with the economic climate of the 1970s the heat went out of intercontinental rallying after a second London–Sydney Marathon in 1977. The concept was revived in 1979 for the inaugural

511:: Similar to hillclimbing, cars also start at intervals and are timed to complete a course, usually temporary and marked out with cones with the intent of demanding good car handling rather than speed. Cars can be single-seaters with roll cages used in 1469:. From amateur beginnings it quickly became a massive commercial circus catering for cars, motorcycles and trucks, and spawned other similar events. From 2008 to 2019, it was held in South America before moving to Saudi Arabia exclusively in 2020. 1697:

Pacenotes are a unique and major tool in modern special stage rallying. They provide a detailed description of the course and conditions ahead and allow the driver to form a mental image beyond the visible to be able to drive as fast as possible.

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became the first car designed from scratch to win rallies. These makers overcame the rules of FISA (as the FIA was called at the time) by building the requisite number of these models for the road, somewhat inventing the 'homologation special'.

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runs contrary to the ordinary running of a special stage, the reasons for which should be explained in the supplementary regulations. This may be where head-to-head stages are run in a crossover loop style, or if a short asphalt city stage with

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to open their many hundreds of miles of well surfaced and sinuous gravel roads, and the event was transformed into one of the most demanding and popular in the calendar, by 1983 having over 600 miles (970 km) of stage. It was later renamed

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Assemblies of car enthusiasts and their vehicles may still colloquially be called rallies, even if they involve merely the task of getting to the location (often on a trailer). However, static assemblies that simply 'meet' (akin to a caravan or

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of 1907 was not officially a competition, but a "raid", the French term for an expedition or collective endeavour whose promoters, the newspaper "Le Matin", rather optimistically expected participants to help each other; it was 'won' by Prince

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Special stages (SS) must be used when using timing for classifying competitors in speed competitions. These stages are preceded by a time control marking the boundary of a road section and the special stage. The competitors proceed to the

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Initially, most of the major post-war rallies were fairly gentlemanly, but the organisers of the French Alpine and the Liège (which moved its turning point from Rome into Yugoslavia in 1956) straight away set difficult time schedules: the

224: 2212:. International regulations had prohibited four-wheel drive in rallying, but FISA accepted that this was a genuine production car and changed the rules. The Quattro quickly became the car to beat on snow, ice or gravel; and in 1983 took 2035:, with only minor modifications to improve performance, handling, braking and suspension. This naturally kept costs down and allowed many more people to afford the sport using ordinary cars, compared to the rally specials used today. 1804:. Contrarily a privateer has to meet all the organization requirements and expenses involved in competing and usually competes for the enjoyment rather than using the sport as a means of promotion or contesting a full championship. A 2252:, with lightweight fibreglass bodies roughly the shape of the standard car tacked onto spaceframe chassis, four-wheel drive, and power outputs higher than 500 hp (370 kW). This particular era was not to last. On the 1986 1947:

brought onto the road where cars have cut corners on a previous running of the stage. The gravel crews must work fast as they often run whilst their rally crews are competing other stages making the window for communication narrow.

633:, United States, gathered approximately 100 vehicles owned by local residents for no other real reason than to give rides to members of the public, using fuel paid for by local businessmen who hoped the event would help sell cars. 1556:, a window of time where mechanics are permitted to repair or prepare the car. Outside these services only the driver and co-driver can work on the car, although they must still respect the timing requirements of the rally. A 2451:

both cases, cars must comply with their Appendix K of the International Sporting Code, which classifies historic vehicles. Many nation's ASNs and independent organisations also arrange historic rallies and championships.

629:, however many of these rallies were coincidentally aimed at motorists who could attend in convenient fashion rather than being a motoring rally. One early example of a true motor rally, the 1909 Auto Rally Day in 1889:

Theoretically, the more pacenotes a co-driver can deliver gives the driver more detail of the road ahead. Incorrect pace notes called at very high speeds on blind corners or crests can easily lead to accidents.

1101:(Greece, 1956). The RAC Rally gained International status on its return in 1951, but for 10 years its emphasis on map-reading navigation and short manoeuvrability tests made it unpopular with foreign crews. The 358: 832:

and a speed trial, but it was marred by poor organisation and confusing regulations. One participant had been Prince Henry of Austria, who with the Imperial Automobile Club of Germany, later created the first

1830:, who won several rallies in her time. Later, Italy's Antonella Mandello, Germany's Isolde Holderies, Britain's Louise Aitken Walker and Sweden's Pernilla Waldridson stood out. The most notable was France's 1938:: A mechanic repairs and services the car before, after and in scheduled services during the rally. It helps to be multiskilled covering things from panel-beating to electrical diagnostics to changing oil. 785:

and back. The country's first true motor race was held in 1897 along the shore of Lake Maggiore, from Arona to Stresa and back. This led to a long tradition of road racing, including events like Sicily's

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In off-road cross countries the service area and support teams may travel with the competitors along the route in a Bivouac. The word means 'camp' and many participants indeed sleep in tents overnight.

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issued by a competent authority. No prior experience of rallying is necessary and a debutant can hypothetically compete with a world champion on unfamiliar roads even in speed competitions.

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is often included in an itinerary but does not form part of the competition. Crews can do multiple passes of a special stage to practice or trial different set ups. In some championships, a

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generally permit any car purchased below a given value. The Gumball 3000 is known for permitting luxury and performance cars alongside ordinary cars, vans and some unconventional vehicles.

480:) are not considered a form of motorsport. A touring assembly may have an organised route and simple passage controls but not any form of competition held or prizes given. One example, the 330: 313: 1296:

of Andrew Cowan/Brian Coyle/Colin Malkin. The huge success of this event saw the creation of the World Cup Rallies, linked to Association Football's FIFA World Cup. The first was the

828:, the Herkomer Trophy was first held in 1905, and again in 1906. This challenging five-day event attracted over 100 entrants to tackle its 1,000 km (620 mi) road section, a 1537:

is carried by the crews and handed to an official at each control point to be filled in as proof of following the itinerary correctly. As crews start each leg, section and stage at

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Depending on the format, rallies may be organised on private or public roads, open or closed to traffic, or off-road in the form of cross country or rally-raid. Competitors can use

1423: 1133:("Alpine Cup") to anyone achieving an unpenalised run; while Belgium's Royal Motor Union made clear no car was expected to finish the Liège unpenalised – when one did (1951 winner 1376:

Rallying also took off in Spain and Portugal and by the 1960s had spread to their colonial territories in the mid-Atlantic. By the end of the 1960s events had not only begun in

1251:; it was run on and off until 1961, when the new political situation hastened its demise. In 1953 East Africa saw the demanding Coronation Safari, which went on to become the 1147:, 24 hours of virtually non-stop flat out driving on some of the narrowest and twistiest mountain roads on the planet – the first major rally to be won by a woman, Belgium's 4690: 134:

Similar to a regularity rally, the itinerary may advise a time and/or distance, or may only advise a target average speed with no indication where the checkpoints may be.

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of Hannu Mikkola and Gunnar Palm won. These were followed in 1974 by the London-Sahara-Munich World Cup Rally, and in 1977 by the Singapore Airlines London-Sydney Rally.

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and Serre Chevalier with rally cars that were still relatively tame at the time. Later, the participants developed far more efficient vehicles for this purpose; for the

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and back. Because it was held in ten stages, it can be considered the first stage rally. The first three places were taken by a Panhard, a Panhard, and a three-wheeler

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way; road books and route notes; and driving over long distances on ordinary, mainly gravel, roads, facing hazards such as dust, traffic, pedestrians and farm animals.

580:, run in France, have their roots in rallying. As early as the 1970s, car ice races were contested in the French Maritime Alps in the winter sports centres of Chamonix 4393: 525:

at single venues or a single stage without road sections, co-drivers or itineraries, and competitors may even switch cars depending on the agreed rules of competition.

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Rallies generally fall under two categories, road rallies and cross-country (off-road). Different types of rally are described however a rally may be a mix of types.

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contained a full range of formulae for rally specific cars and was introduced beginning 2008. Cars ranged from budget/entry in the case of R1, to performance in R5.

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and avoiding penalties for being early or late when arriving at time controls. Usually the co-driver maintains communication with the team as the rally progresses.

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In the 1920s, numerous variations on the Alpine theme sprang up in Austria, Italy, France, Switzerland and Germany. The most important of these were Austria's

2297:' in the mid-90s, extensions to Group A and N began to emerge, these were modifications to touring production cars that made them 'a standard rally car'. The 1574:, which ensure competitors are following the correct route but have no due time window, the timecard may be stamped or the cars may be observed by officials. 372: 2931: 2600: 806: 2436: 4665: 2319:

made provisions for grand touring cars in rallying for the first time since Group B had been banned. In 2019, the Group R ladder became the basis of a new

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laid on a long tough route over a succession of rugged passes, stated that cars would have to be driven flat out from start to finish, and gave a coveted

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is used in the WRC and European Rally Championship, it is simply a nominated special stage that alone awards championship points to the fastest crews.

864:. A 706 mile car race of six stages through what is now Estonia and Latvia. The race was the third Baltic Automobile and Aero Club competition for the 193: 1438:

In 1967, a group of American off-roaders created the Mexican 1000 rally, a tough 1,000-mile race for cars and motorcycles which ran the length of the

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vehicles replacing the World Rally Car. This particular car could be built using a spaceframe chassis, another first since the banning of Group B.

3726: 4246: 431:: Cross-Country Rally which must be run over one day (max: 600 km) or two days (max: 1000 km). A Super Special Stage may be run on an extra day. 2051:, classifying touring and sports production cars for use in its competitions, including the new European Rally Championship, and cars had to be 4631: 2193:, at that time not noted for their interest in rallying, introduced a rather large and heavy coupé version of their family saloon, installed a 700:

Rallying as a form of road competition can be traced back to the origins of motorsport, including the world's first known motor race; the 1894

1275:

Canada hosted one of the world's longest and most gruelling rallies in the 1960s, the Shell 4000 Rally. It was the only one sanctioned by the

5500: 1297: 3789:

Green, Evan: "A Boot Full of Right Arms: Adventures in the London-Sahara-Munich Rally and other Motoring Marathons", Cassell Australia 1975.

1858: 1056:

shortly before their countries were overrun. This was one of five Liège wins for Trasenster; Trevoux won four Montes between 1934 and 1951.

1023:'s government encouraged motorsport of all kinds and facilitated road racing, so the sport quickly restarted after World War I. In 1927 the 4882: 3750:

Tuckey, Bill, and Floyd, Thomas B: "Gregorys 25 Years of Around Australia Trials: From Redex to Repco", page 33. Gregory's Publishing 1979.

2097: 2093: 2089: 245: 2483: 3780:

Hudson-Evans, Richard, and Robson, Graham: "The Big Drive: The Book of the World Cup Rally 1970". Speed & Sports Publications, 1970.

344: 300:

In the wake of the ever more advanced rally cars of the late 20th and 21st century is a trend towards historic rallying (also known as

5088: 1415:

international events have gone, replaced by others from a much wider spread of countries around the world and many more local events.

1015:(1931) was run from multiple starting points. After several years in this format, it transitioned into the 1,000-mile (1,600 km) 463: 5093: 74:

Rallying is typically distinguished from other forms of motorsport by not running directly against other competitors over laps of a

1494:, essentially a schedule of the points along the route that define the rally. A common (single) itinerary may begin and end with a 1972:: Administration position responsible for compiling timings, results and penalties; compiling documents and communicating notices. 390: 5407: 5402: 5120: 5073: 2779: 2590: 5414: 4821: 3238: 2534: 2227:

In 1982 the FIA replaced the structure of groups in Appendix J. Rallying, with the young World Rally Championship, now allowed

909: 261:

simply divides the route from the start to the finish of any rally into stages, not necessarily exclusively for speed tests on

4441: 2293:

Groups N/A/B were not exclusively used in rallying, A and N were also used in circuit touring car racing. Beginning with the '

5457: 3698:

Murphy, Daryl E: "Carrera Panamericana: History of the Mexican Road Race, 1950-54", page 12. iUniverse Inc.,2nd edition 2008.

1215:, a 1,911-mile (3,075 km) road race in stages across Mexico to celebrate the opening of the asphalt highway between the 4367: 1616: 150:

Gimmick rallies have less of a concern on timekeeping or driving ability and include other fun and games. Examples include:

5307: 5277: 5078: 2759: 1999: 407: 2301:

formula, introduced to the WRC in 1997, became the flagship car in the manufacturer's championship. This was followed by

701: 78:, but instead in a point-to-point format in which participants leave at regular intervals from one or more start points. 5442: 5360: 4952: 4466: 2540: 2508: 710: 4083: 2071:

generally held the forms of unmodified or modified, series production touring and grand touring cars used in rallying.

5826: 5235: 2774: 2764: 2754: 2048: 1818: 1706:

Many North American rallies do not conduct reconnaissance but provide stage notes due to time and budget constraints.

1108: 1089:

Rally (Portugal, 1947), the Tulip Rally (the Netherlands, 1949), the Rally to the Midnight Sun (Sweden, 1951, now the

893: 95: 2580: 1526:

is often used to describe a section that begins and ends in the same place, for example from a central service park.

1288: 588:

almost exclusively very potent prototypes with all-wheel drive and synchronous steering of the front and rear wheels.

186:

in a regularity rally for historic vehicles, no additional safety equipment such as a roll cage or helmets are needed

4647: 4198: 1909: 1287:

The quest for longer and tougher events saw the re-establishment of the intercontinental rallies beginning with the

5262: 5083: 4417: 2784: 2769: 2570: 2425: 2398: 1260: 653: 403: 4028: 3159: 1450:. "Baja" events, relatively short cross-country rallies, now take place in a number of other countries worldwide. 1333: 912:

between 1902 and 1913, which had timed legs between control points and a marking system to determine the winners.

5493: 2705: 2109: 2052: 1439: 738: 236: 20: 4516: 1822:

historically there were cups and trophies only for women. One of the first prominent names was that of the Brit

1772: 1418:

The World Rally Championship was inaugurated in 1973 at first only for manufacturers and won that first year by

1073: 564:

over preliminary rounds, quarter-finals and semi-finals. Formula Rally is practiced mostly in Italy and Germany.

5230: 5225: 4875: 4796: 4096: 4067: 4011: 2794: 1796:

1960 came arguably the first rallying superstar (and one of the first to be paid to rally full-time), Sweden's

1607: 1016: 657: 294: 289: 45: 3183: 1348:

Rallying became very popular in Sweden and Finland in the 1950s, thanks in part to the invention there of the

805:, the legal maximum speed of 12 mph (19 km/h) precluded road racing, but in April and May 1900, the 4342: 4295: 3201: 5328: 3111: 2610: 2522: 1738: 1719: 1244: 714:, it attracted considerable public interest and entries from leading manufacturers. The official winner was 619: 4559: 3986: 3135: 2373:

and lightweight vehicles, these differ from cars by not having notable parts such as windscreens or doors.

1817:

won five editions of the Safari Rally however he never aspired to win the world championship and the Swede

1638:

control are both considered as under parc fermé conditions, crews are not allowed to get out of their car.

636: 5392: 5333: 2585: 2370: 2282: 2272: 1792: 1115:

of Germany. This was the premier international rallying championship until 1973, when the FIA created the

681: 4045: 1003: 758: 694: 625:"Auto Rallies" were common events in the USA in the early twentieth century for the purpose of political 71:

if being used on open roads or specially built competition vehicles suited to crossing specific terrain.

5377: 5355: 5345: 5177: 5172: 2715: 1377: 1264: 1049: 965: 536: 528: 320: 4608: 4122: 3915: 2361:(T4 prior to 2020) was introduced to allow support trucks to enter the rally raids in their own class. 1590:

act to gather competitors in one location and reset the time intervals which may have grown or shrunk.

1427: 1400: 1064: 452:

Hill rallies are a type of cross-country event found in the United Kingdom and defined and governed by

26: 2948: 885: 531:/Autoslalom: Similar to autocross but with very precise and extravagant handling requirements such as 142:

The ability of the crew to follow road signs or directions of varying depth of information is tested.

94:

Road rallies are the original form held on public highways open to traffic. In its annually published

5788: 5771: 5765: 5748: 5742: 5736: 5730: 5666: 5486: 5467: 5397: 5387: 5367: 5350: 5340: 4534: 2686: 2552: 2201: 2133: 2078: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 1984:: Usually volunteer positions overseeing the route of the rally, reporting and reacting to incidents. 1381: 1302: 1212: 901: 723: 663:

The first known use of the word rally to include a road competition was the 1911 Monaco Rally (later

68: 1211:—Fangio had an accident in which his co-driver was killed. Then in 1950 came the fast and dangerous 860:

was held in the days prior to the outbreak of World War 1 in 1914. This period was later called the

521:: Very condensed form of trials-type driving with no particular global definition. Usually run with 5616: 5462: 5452: 5447: 5382: 5372: 5034: 4868: 4691:"Varsti kinodes! Pilk kinnise loomuga ralliässa maailma: Vaata kõnekaid kaadreid Ott Tänaku dokist" 2575: 2374: 2105: 1762: 1447: 1365: 1341: 953: 842: 1158:

These events were road races in all but name, but in Italy such races were still allowed, and the

1045: 5132: 4999: 3942: 3464:

Rene Levoll, The Last Motor Race of The Empire 2014 ISBN 9789949380602 accessed 15 December 2023.

2789: 2730: 2253: 2117: 2028: 1813:, who obtained several victories on asphalt in the WRC while on gravel never passed fifth place; 1647: 1629:

from where they begin the special stage at a prescribed time, and are timed until they cross the

1337: 1189: 973: 957: 925: 532: 518: 64: 37: 3771:

Brittan, Nick: "Marathon: Around the world in a cloud of dust". Motor Racing Publications, 1969.

2330: 2294: 1894: 715: 3355: 2384: 5845: 5302: 5294: 5039: 5029: 5024: 5019: 4985: 4947: 3086: 2725: 2546: 2116:, introduced in Group 2 in 1962, and its successor the Mini Cooper S (1963), developed by the 2081: 2015: 1966:: Ensure the adherence to rules and regulations and decide penalties where breaches are found. 1866: 1831: 1742: 1314: 929: 881: 762: 729:

had finished first but his steam-powered vehicle was ineligible for the official competition.

664: 641: 200: 183: 4492: 3962: 3850:

Fiolka, Marty: "1000 Miles to Glory: The History of the Baja 1000", page 35. David Bull 2005.

2166:

into a world-beating rally car, and hired a skilled team of drivers to pilot it. In 1974 the

5654: 5247: 5242: 5004: 2838: 2813: 2678: 2421: 2205: 1385: 1152: 1020: 972:'s Germany, keen to prove its engineering and sporting prowess with successful marques like 4318: 4222: 1267:

also dates from 1953, although this remained isolated from the rest of the rallying world.

1162:

continued until a serious accident in 1957 caused it to be banned. Meanwhile, in 1981, the

920: 777:

Italy had been running road competitions since 1895, when a reliability trial was run from

4942: 2997: 2843: 2662:. Rea and Vatanen have been friends since sharing a house in the UK together in the 1980s. 2654: 2527: 2298: 2249: 2245: 2183: 2121: 1990:: Found at time controls on road sections and the start and finish line of special stages. 1801: 1777: 1404: 1256: 1129: 1112: 1098: 1037: 889: 872: 766: 2682: 2003: 1839: 1148: 1029:(Thousand Mile) was founded, run over a 1,000-mile (1,600 km) loop of highways from 4632:

Jalopnik Film Festival- Robb Stark Races In Rallying's Deadliest Era In New Film Group B

4147: 3716:

Barnard, Roger: "Safari Rally: The First 40 Years", page 10. Westholme Publishing, 1992.

1506:, usually corresponding with days on multi-day rallies dividing overnight rest periods; 1199:. This event was repeated in 1947, and in 1948 an even more ambitious one was held, the 857: 5424: 4980: 4915: 4418:"ŠKODA Motorsport supports development of fully electric rally car ŠKODA RE-X1 Kreisel" 2710: 2496: 2492: 2440: 2263: 2167: 1870: 1810: 1714: 1502:

that confirm the bounds of the competition. Many rallies’ itineraries are divided into

1482: 1454: 1419: 977: 802: 751: 690: 30: 2516:

A documentary revolving around the life and career of World Rally Championship driver

2179: 1960:: Chief organiser and assumes overall responsibility of all competitors and officials. 5839: 5809: 5803: 5689: 5660: 5585: 5544: 5192: 5187: 5063: 4957: 4937: 2818: 2749: 2735: 2605: 2414: 2410: 2267: 2258: 2213: 2011: 2007: 1862: 1835: 1827: 1814: 1797: 1563: 1408: 1321:

would eventually see intercontinental rallying recognised as its own discipline; the

1143: 1094: 1090: 968:

teams from Britain and increasingly strong and well funded works representation from

814: 630: 576: 453: 301: 232: 3242: 3062: 5570: 5538: 5252: 5207: 5202: 5115: 5014: 4394:"Hayden Paddon shows off revolutionary electric rally car at Waimate 50 hill climb" 3301:

Boddy, William: "The History of Brooklands Motor Course", page 11. Grenville, 1957.

2808: 2720: 2674: 2565: 2504: 2465: 2444: 2378: 2324: 2320: 2209: 2194: 2159: 2154:

Other manufacturers were not content with modifying their 'bread-and-butter' cars.

2129: 1809:

specialist may only enter the snow rounds. Some examples of specialist drivers are

1293: 1252: 1248: 1237: 1181: 1138: 1134: 1111:(at first called the "Touring Championship") of eleven events; it was first won by 1025: 985: 969: 905: 838: 829: 795: 787: 686: 502: 481: 41: 2517: 1620:

Start line of a special stage, the end of the start line zone is marked by a board

3884: 1036:

The Liège of August 1939 was the last major event before World War II. Belgium's

5799: 5795: 5282: 5197: 5147: 5127: 5059: 5055: 5009: 4932: 4925: 4920: 4900: 4860: 2659: 2241: 2163: 2113: 2055:

in order to compete. The Groups 1–9 within Appendix J changed frequently though

1843: 1781: 1611: 1466: 861: 522: 477: 411: 1549:

to arrive at each control, with penalties applied for being too early or late.

742:

sponsored the longest race to date, a 1,710 km (1,060 mi) event from

622:

were beginning to form shortly after the first motor cars were being produced.

5713: 5565: 5272: 5267: 5182: 5142: 5107: 4962: 4891: 4769: 4742: 4715: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2507:. The stunt driving in the film has been attributed to Rally America champion 2316: 2306: 2302: 2125: 2044: 2032: 1847: 1442:, much of it initially over roadless desert. Which quickly gained fame as the 1396: 1322: 1053: 771: 645: 567: 549: 399: 258: 75: 56: 4666:""Ott Tänak - The Movie" on alates tänasest nähtav uues globaalses netikinos" 4173: 5707: 5695: 5575: 5478: 5312: 5137: 5068: 4991: 3280: 2949:"Legs and Stages: The Bits and Parts of a Rally | Beginner's Guide to Rally" 2890: 2649: 2500: 2461: 2420:

In 2022 Audi entered the Dakar Rally for the first time with their electric

2338: 1877: 1785: 1761:

the car during the rally. Regardless of the type of rally, a driver needs a

1691: 1681: 1443: 1360: 1216: 1208: 1193: 998: 868:

Prize. The participants were mainly of Tsarist Russian and German Nobility.

810: 512: 508: 2658:, was named after the autobiography of WRC champion and Dakar Rally winner 3727:"Le Rallye du Maroc annulé, remplacé par celui d'Andalousie - Rallye-raid" 2499:. The film features Group B class cars such as Ford RS200, Opel Manta and 2108:

started to introduce special models or variants for rallying, such as the

5621: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5580: 5549: 5152: 2848: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2335: 2148: 2144: 1823: 1370: 1196: 961: 743: 3038: 1457:, founded an institution when he organized the first "rallye-raid" from 5683: 5648: 5534: 5529: 5524: 4782: 4755: 4728: 4097:"Doing a Rally Race as a Beginner: Bivouac Basics // Cross Country ADV" 3800:

The Long Drive: The Story of the Singapore Airlines London-Sydney Rally

3707:

Fromentin, Pierre: "16.000 km à travers l'Afrique", page 1. Plon, 1954.

2595: 2312: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2155: 1758: 1221: 1204: 1069: 1041: 1030: 897: 849: 825: 719: 4583: 2972: 2417:

have each built electric cars for special stage rallies in the 2020s.

1906:

co-driver and friends volunteering to help can also be called a team.

1686: 594:: A similar, but not identical sporting form to rally for motorcycles. 5701: 5419: 2917: 2137: 2085: 853: 818: 626: 591: 34: 1255:

and a World Championship round, to be followed in due course by the

4263: 3383:

British Trial Drivers, Their Cars, Motorcycles and Awards 1902–1914

1978:: Technical position ensuring cars are safe and within regulations. 1791:

Often, a distinction is made between so called 'works' drivers and

1232: 2435: 2383: 2329: 2277: 2198: 2178: 2073: 1998: 1908: 1857: 1771: 1737: 1713: 1685: 1615: 1481: 1462: 1458: 1395: 1332: 1231: 1063: 919: 778: 685: 635: 458: 389: 25: 1247:, a 10,000-mile (16,000 km) rally from the Mediterranean to 937:

the premier European rally, attracting 300 or more participants.

2406: 2190: 2141: 1769:

running-repairs and have to change punctured wheels themselves.

1185: 871:

Two ultra-long distance challenges took place at this time. The

782: 747: 437:: Cross-Country Rally with a total distance of at least 5000 km. 154:

Monte-Carlo styles (Monte Carlo, Pan Am, Pan Carlo, Continental)

5482: 4864: 3759: 3136:"22 Apr 1910, Page 6 - Winston-Salem Journal at Newspapers.com" 2136:, one of the most successful rally cars of its era. Similarly, 3039:"rally | Etymology, origin and meaning of rally by etymonline" 1541:(for example of two minutes), each crew will have a different 425:: Competition with a total distance between 1200 and 3000 km. 2622:

The Donegal Rally has inspired several songs by Irish bands;

4174:"24 Apr 1900, 5 - The Western Daily Press at Newspapers.com" 3276: 3274: 3267:(1949 facsimile ed.). Royal Automobile Club. p. 1. 2413:

and a collaboration of rally team Baumschlager, Kreisel and

1897:

who took his brother-in-law as co-driver during his career.

997:. Other rallies started between the wars included Britain's 442:

2022 FIA International Sporting Code, Article 20 Definitions

115:

2022 FIA International Sporting Code, Article 20 Definitions

2526:

was released in Estonian cinemas on April 11, 2019, and on

2256:, four spectators were killed then two months later on the 1913:

Team principals during a public question and answer session

4068:"2022 FIA WORLD RALLY CHAMPIONSHIP – SPORTING REGULATIONS" 3943:"Rally Terminology – Legend Fires North West Stages Rally" 3760:"The Shell 4000 and BC Trans-Canada Rally History Project" 2628:

Ella & Off The Kuff Rally Band, The Donegal Rally Song

2486:

in England premiered one of their graduating films called

2984: 944:, which continued into its 44th edition in 1973, Italy's 4717:

Ella & Off The Kuff Rally Band - Can't Wait For June

3817:

Full speed through Sweden: 50 years of the Swedish Rally

3239:"Rallye de Monaco 1911, première édition du Monte-Carlo" 3202:"11 Jul 1910, 2 - The Columbia Record at Newspapers.com" 1093:), the Rally of the 1000 Lakes (Finland, 1951 – now the 1033:

to Rome and back. It continued in this form until 1938.

5825:

FIA categories and groups defined in Appendix J to the

3393: 3391: 1745:, the world's most successful rally driver in terms of 1650:

around hay bails is run on a gravel rally for example.

414:

in its calendar, with joint sanctioning by the FIA and

4854: 4848: 3426:

British Trial Drivers, Their Cars and Awards 1919–1928

3160:"1 Sep 1909, 1 - The Denison Review at Newspapers.com" 1364:

crews. In 1961, Jack Kemsley was able to persuade the

3475:

The Mad Motorists: The Great Peking–Paris Race of '07

2388:

Electric vehicles charging during the 2011 Zero Rally

337:

Closed asphalt public highway used as a special stage

4123:"Tech Check: WRC Engineers in their natural habitat" 3916:"Citroën C3 WRC Glossary | Learn More About The WRC" 3112:"3 Nov 1906, 8 - The Boston Globe at Newspapers.com" 1008:

race over some of Europe's toughest mountain roads.

5781: 5758: 5723: 5676: 5641: 5630: 5609: 5558: 5517: 5435: 5321: 5293: 5216: 5163: 5106: 5048: 4973: 4908: 4899: 2495:, and his co-driver played by Northern Irish actor 1570:Other examples of features of an itinerary include 1533:is usually found at each point on the itinerary, a 989:in 1932, which continued after World War II as the 60:thousand miles long in an extreme endurance rally. 4368:"2020 Opel Corsa-e Electric Rally Car @ Top Speed" 4199:"Entry list Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo 1936" 394:Cross-country rallying - Dakar 2014 (a Rally Raid) 4822:"WRC legend Walter Rohrl makes music video cameo" 4648:"Video: Ott Tänakust on valmimas dokumentaalfilm" 1586:run in darkness, or exchange used tyres for new. 652:In the case of the 1910 Good Roads Rally held in 102:(FIA) includes the following definition of rally: 4797:"PROFILE – Rallying to a new cause: Ari Vatanen" 4319:"Hannu Mikkola - rally profile eWRC-results.com" 4012:"BSCC INFORMATION FOR REGROUP CONTROL OFFICIALS" 3762:, shell-4000-rally.org, accessed 4 January 2019. 1668:may also run alongside a shakedown to determine 1633:in motion before safely coming to a stop at the 896:of the following year, which went via Japan and 2357:codify cars used in FIA cross-country rallies. 1880:accompanies the driver inside the car during a 1672:, the order in which competitors will compete. 1567:where it is not permitted to work on the cars. 1522:, individual point-to-point lengths of road. A 420: 365:Ford Escort on a historic rally's special stage 104: 2128:to create a high-performance version of their 410:was inaugurated in 2022, including the annual 5494: 4876: 4101:Cross-Country Adventures: RALLY+ADV Equipment 3813:Full fart genom Sverige: Svenska Rallyt 50 år 2158:bankrolled the small volume sports-car maker 900:, was won by George Schuster and others in a 8: 4609:"The 5 Most Outrageous Cars of Gumball 3000" 3676:Fangio, Juan Manuel, with Carozzo, Roberto. 3567:The Circuit of Ireland Rally: Fifty Years On 3314:(George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1977), p.22. 2932:"2023 FIA ecoRally Cup SPORTING REGULATIONS" 1582:allow competitors to refuel, fit lights for 807:Automobile Club of Great Britain and Ireland 1052:) tied for first place, denying the German 217:Road rally passing through an urban setting 167:These rallies are primarily amateur events. 5638: 5501: 5487: 5479: 4905: 4883: 4869: 4861: 1690:Example of notation used in special stage 1117:World Rally Championship for Manufacturers 702:Paris–Rouen Horseless Carriage Competition 555:Formula Rally: Originating as part of the 4771:GIVE IT TO HER NOW!!!!! The Donegal rally 4471:Federation Internationale de l'Automobile 4446:Federation Internationale de l'Automobile 1310:1974 London-Sahara-Munich World Cup Rally 1243:In Africa, 1950 saw the first French-run 100:Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile 3830:Finnish Grand Prix: 50 years of rallying 1125:Automobile Club de Marseille et Provence 466:, a Touring Assembly with no competition 2860: 2309:, standard formulas for lower classes. 2216:to the World Rally Championship title. 2140:developed high performance versions of 1465:, in Senegal, the event now called the 323:contests a special stage of a WRC rally 306: 169: 3811:Tunberg, Anders, and Haventon, Peter. 2985:Historic Rally Association (Australia) 2132:family car, then in 1968 launched the 1486:Start point of a regularity road rally 736:From 24 September-3 October 1895, the 4062: 4060: 4058: 3937: 3935: 3910: 3908: 3906: 3904: 3879: 3877: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3828:Mäkinen, Marko, and Rauhala, Samuli. 3647:Le Tour de Corse Automobile 1956–1986 3486:Schuster, George, with Mahoney, Tom. 2868: 2866: 2864: 2484:National Film & Television School 1552:Long rallies may include one or more 1298:1970 London to Mexico World Cup Rally 7: 2912: 2910: 2571:Colin McRae Rally, Dirt Rally series 2397:Since 2007 the FIA have arranged an 2088:win the World Rally Championship in 1424:World Rally Championship for Drivers 1301:before arriving in Mexico City. The 4744:Donegal Rally Song - The Rally Band 3680:(Patrick Stephens Ltd, 1990), p.50. 3512:Louche 2001 pp.44–79 & 377–384. 3226:Le Rallye Monte-Carlo au XXe Siècle 708:). Sponsored by a Paris newspaper, 5089:European Truck Racing Championship 4247:"International Sporting Code 1954" 3987:"WRC itineraries by the rule book" 3861:Dakar: The Challenge of the Desert 3385:(Westbury Publishing 2003), p.275. 3265:A Record of Motor Racing 1894–1908 3022:"2007 INTERNATIONAL SPORTING CODE" 2874:"2022 International Sporting Code" 1068:Osmo Kalpala servicing his car (a 706:Concours des Voitures sans Chevaux 464:London to Brighton Veteran Car Run 14: 5094:European Drag Racing Championship 4223:"Regulations - Period Appendix J" 3503:(Arthur Barker Ltd, 1972), p.124. 2998:"Terms & Conditions of Entry" 1434:Off road (cross country) rallying 1340:on the muddy gravel roads of the 1201:Gran Premio de la América del Sur 398:Also commonly known by its types 5121:European Hill Climb Championship 4654:(in Estonian). 20 December 2018. 3832:(UserCom Finland Oy, 2001), p.9. 2780:Intercontinental Rally Challenge 2104:As rallying grew in popularity, 1490:All rallies follow at least one 866:Grand Duchess Victoria Feodrovna 371: 357: 343: 329: 312: 244: 223: 209: 203:on a road section of a WRC rally 192: 175: 3819:). Bienen & Haventon, 2000. 3556:(Jean-Paul Delsaux, 1991), p.7. 3490:(John Day Company, 1966), p.11. 2601:World Rally Championship series 2535:Race for Glory: Audi vs. Lancia 910:American Automobile Association 492:Rally derivatives and relatives 235:on an urban street of the 1972 130:Time-Speed-Distance (TSD rally) 5458:Environmentalism in motorsport 4851:– Sanctioning body for the WRC 4607:Thomas, Charlie (2014-06-20). 4392:Broderick, Liam (2021-10-23). 4046:"2021 DAKAR ROAD BOOK LEXICON" 3889:WRC - World Rally Championship 3554:Marathon de la Route 1931/1971 3501:The Great Road Races 1894–1914 2235:for modified touring cars and 2010:to first of three wins in the 1329:Introduction of special stages 993:, the name often shortened to 991:Rallye International des Alpes 950:Coupe Internationale des Alpes 1: 5308:List of vehicle speed records 5278:World Rally-Raid Championship 5079:World Rallycross Championship 3649:(Maurice Louche, 1989), p.26. 3543:(Partridge Press, 1987), p.9. 3228:(Maurice Louche, 2001), p.25. 3188:The Daily Record: Columbia SC 2973:UK HRCR's Historic Road Rally 2760:Australian Rally Championship 2231:for unmodified touring cars, 2189:In 1980, a German car maker, 1757:The driver is the person who 1422:. Not until 1979 was there a 983:The French started their own 671:Rallying as road competitions 408:World Rally-Raid Championship 5074:World Endurance Championship 4953:Short course off-road racing 3580:La Storia della Mille Miglia 3428:(Smith Settle, 2001), p.416. 3241:. 2020-08-09. Archived from 2671:The TF Song (Pineapple King) 2541:Legends of the Winding Roads 2428:resulted in an overall win. 1453:In 1979, a young Frenchman, 1384:, but also on the far-flung 614:comes from the French verb ' 435:Marathon Cross-Country Rally 5827:International Sporting Code 5236:European Rally Championship 4343:"Lancia Delta S4 (Group B)" 3967:www.historicroadrally.co.uk 3345:(Böhlau Verlag, 2005), p.9. 2775:European Rally Championship 2765:Canadian Rally Championship 2755:Cholistan Desert Jeep Rally 2424:. Their later entry in the 2204:engine, and fitted it with 2049:International Sporting Code 2043:In 1954 the FIA introduced 1265:Redex Round Australia Trial 1236:Checkpoint during the 1973 1109:European Rally Championship 986:Rallye des Alpes Françaises 858:The Last Race of the Empire 582:(24h sur Glace de Chamonix) 252:Start of a targa road rally 96:International Sporting Code 5862: 5084:Karting World Championship 3372:. Elizabeth Bennett, 2000. 3356:"Thousand Mile Trial 1900" 3184:"Charleston's Motor Rally" 2785:American Rally Association 2770:British Rally Championship 2426:Abu Dhabi Desert Challenge 2162:to transform their little 1679: 1605: 1473:Characteristics of a rally 679: 654:Charleston, South Carolina 55:is a wide-ranging form of 18: 5823: 4697:(in Estonian). 2019-01-25 4637:, accessed 4 January 2019 4086:Retrieved 13 August 2006. 3582:(De Agostini, 1979), p.7. 3281:Grand Prix History online 3190:. 7 June 1910. p. 5. 3087:"Rally! Rally!! Rally!!!" 2110:British Motor Corporation 1440:Baja California peninsula 1283:Intercontinental rallying 739:Automobile Club de France 379:Snowy rally special stage 237:Press on Regardless Rally 21:Rallying (disambiguation) 5231:World Rally Championship 4855:World Rally Championship 3689:Fangio and Carozzo, p.92 3499:Villard, Henry Serrano. 3343:Die Alpenfahrt 1910–1973 3283:(retrieved 11 June 2017) 2987:Retrieved 13 August 2006 2975:Retrieved 13 August 2006 2795:World Rally Championship 2699:Rally driving techniques 2581:Sébastien Loeb Rally Evo 1608:Special stage (rallying) 1188:and back; it was won by 1017:Circuit of Ireland Rally 843:Rolls-Royce Alpine Eagle 429:Baja Cross-Country Rally 295:World Rally Championship 281:(special) stage rallying 171:Rallying on public roads 46:World Rally Championship 4613:The Gentleman's Journal 4264:"FIA Historic Database" 3093:. 1872-09-19. p. 3 2673:, features WRC figures 2611:Sega Rally Championship 2018:in 1964, 1965 and 1967. 1710:Service park or bivouac 1245:Algiers-Cape Town Rally 1060:Post-World War II years 620:automobile associations 67:vehicles which must be 4857:– WRC official website 3863:(Dinefwr, 2003), p.14. 3859:Jones, Dot & Jim. 3678:Fangio: My Racing Life 2895:www.na-motorsports.com 2482:In February 2015, The 2447: 2389: 2342: 2285: 2283:Toyota GR Yaris Rally1 2273:Lancia Delta Integrale 2208:, giving birth to the 2186: 2101: 2019: 1914: 1873: 1826:, sister of F1 driver 1788: 1749: 1722: 1720:2016 Rally Deutschland 1694: 1621: 1487: 1411: 1345: 1289:London–Sydney Marathon 1240: 1080: 1011:In Ireland, the first 933: 697: 682:Motorsport before 1906 649: 484:, which calls itself ' 467: 445: 395: 308:Special stage rallying 288:Road rallies must use 118: 49: 40:on gravel at the 2006 5512:categories and groups 4288:"1975 Lancia Stratos" 4227:FIA Historic Database 4148:"Race Mechanics Jobs" 4029:"ROADBOOK USER GUIDE" 3569:(Tudor, 1981)", p.10. 3488:The Longest Auto Race 3477:(Harrap, 1964), p.16. 3263:Rose, Gerald (1909). 2716:Heel-and-toe shifting 2439: 2405:The car manufacturer 2387: 2371:side-by-side vehicles 2333: 2281: 2182: 2164:A110 Berlinette coupé 2077: 2002: 1912: 1861: 1775: 1741: 1717: 1689: 1619: 1576:Refuel, light fitting 1485: 1399: 1336: 1317:. The success of the 1235: 1203:from Buenos Aires to 1178:Gran Premio del Norte 1067: 1001:(1932) and Belgium's 923: 689: 676:Origins of motorsport 639: 462: 393: 386:Cross-country rallies 29: 5468:Deaths in motorsport 4981:Single-seater racing 4347:Rally Group B Shrine 3552:Delsaux, Jean-Paul. 3415:Cowbourne 2005 p 422 3406:Cowbourne 2005 p 374 3397:Cowbourne 2005 p 279 3368:Bennett, Elizabeth. 2553:Monte Carlo or Bust! 2523:Ott Tänak: The Movie 2014:. Mini also won the 1834:who with co-driver, 1718:WRC Service Park at 1261:Rallye Côte d'Ivoire 1213:Carrera Panamericana 835:Prinz Heinrich Fahrt 718:driving a 3 hp 351:Urban 'street stage' 19:For other uses, see 5463:Motorsport industry 5453:Electric motorsport 5448:Historic motorsport 5322:National motorsport 5273:Marathon rally-raid 5035:Pickup truck racing 4560:"Season 2022 rally" 4535:"Season 2022 rally" 4493:"Season 2022 rally" 4292:sportscarmarket.com 3991:It Gets Faster Now! 3609:Hamilton 1987, p.17 3539:Hamilton, Maurice. 3530:Pfundner 2005, p.81 3521:Pfundner 2005, p.45 3424:Cowbourne, Donald. 3381:Cowbourne, Donald. 3370:Thousand Mile Trial 2646:Every Second Counts 2624:Can't Wait For June 2591:Network Q RAC Rally 2586:Tommi Makinen Rally 2576:Richard Burns Rally 2341:used in rally raids 2289:Rally Specific cars 1970:Clerk of the course 1871:Rallye Sanremo 1981 1676:Recce and pacenotes 1643:Super Special Stage 1561:environment called 1448:SCORE International 1446:, today run by the 1366:Forestry Commission 1342:2007 Wales Rally GB 1192:in a much modified 1074:Jyväskylän Suurajot 423:Cross-Country Rally 5295:Land speed records 5000:Touring car racing 4894:(Automobile sport) 4635:films.jalopnik.com 4268:historicdb.fia.com 4154:. motorsports JOBS 3841:Hamilton 1987 p 30 3658:Lurani 1979, p.165 3591:Delsaux 1991, p.27 3578:Lurani, Giovanni. 3341:Pfundner, Martin. 3292:Rose, G 1909 p 177 3091:The Brooklyn Union 3043:www.etymonline.com 2918:"What's a Rallye?" 2790:Targa Newfoundland 2731:Scandinavian flick 2640:The Rhythm Sticks. 2636:Give It To Her Now 2472:In popular culture 2448: 2445:Gumball 3000 Rally 2393:Alternative energy 2390: 2343: 2286: 2254:Rallye de Portugal 2187: 2118:Cooper Car Company 2102: 2020: 1915: 1874: 1789: 1750: 1723: 1695: 1622: 1510:, usually between 1488: 1412: 1346: 1338:Jari-Matti Latvala 1279:in North America. 1241: 1190:Juan Manuel Fangio 1180:of 1940, run from 1107:created in 1953 a 1081: 1072:) during the 1956 1013:Ulster Motor Rally 934: 926:Renault Nervasport 698: 650: 557:Bologna Motor Show 486:a rally not a race 468: 396: 269:Speed competitions 138:Navigational rally 50: 16:Form of motorsport 5833: 5832: 5819: 5818: 5476: 5475: 5443:Glossary of terms 5303:Land speed racing 5102: 5101: 5040:Autonomous racing 5030:Midget car racing 5025:Sprint car racing 5020:Lawn mower racing 4986:Sports car racing 4948:Dirt track racing 4826:www.autosport.com 4517:"2022 Appendix K" 4442:"Events Calendar" 4084:Rallying Glossary 3798:Stathatos, John. 3667:Louche 1989, p.56 3645:Louche, Maurice. 3224:Louche, Maurice. 2726:Left-foot braking 2547:The Gumball Rally 2369:are reserved for 2120:. Shortly after, 2082:Lancia Stratos HF 2016:Monte Carlo Rally 1842:, the Venezuelan 1806:specialist driver 1315:Paris-Dakar Rally 930:Monte Carlo Rally 878:Scipione Borghese 761:of May 1903, the 759:Paris–Madrid race 695:Paris–Madrid race 665:Monte Carlo Rally 642:Monte Carlo Rally 321:Hyundai i20 Coupe 231:Crew repairing a 184:Porsche Speedster 5853: 5639: 5503: 5496: 5489: 5480: 5436:Topical articles 5248:FIA ecoRally Cup 5243:Regularity rally 5166:Sectional trials 5005:Stock car racing 4906: 4885: 4878: 4871: 4862: 4837: 4836: 4834: 4833: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4808: 4793: 4787: 4786: 4780: 4779: 4766: 4760: 4759: 4753: 4752: 4739: 4733: 4732: 4726: 4725: 4712: 4706: 4705: 4703: 4702: 4687: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4662: 4656: 4655: 4644: 4638: 4629: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4619: 4604: 4598: 4597: 4595: 4594: 4580: 4574: 4573: 4571: 4570: 4564:eWRC-results.com 4555: 4549: 4548: 4546: 4545: 4539:eWRC-results.com 4530: 4524: 4523: 4521: 4513: 4507: 4506: 4504: 4503: 4497:eWRC-results.com 4488: 4482: 4481: 4479: 4478: 4463: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4453: 4438: 4432: 4431: 4429: 4428: 4414: 4408: 4407: 4405: 4404: 4389: 4383: 4382: 4380: 4379: 4364: 4358: 4357: 4355: 4354: 4339: 4333: 4332: 4330: 4329: 4323:eWRC-results.com 4314: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4294:. Archived from 4284: 4278: 4277: 4275: 4274: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4243: 4237: 4236: 4234: 4233: 4219: 4213: 4212: 4210: 4209: 4203:eWRC-results.com 4194: 4188: 4187: 4185: 4184: 4170: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4144: 4138: 4137: 4135: 4133: 4118: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4108: 4093: 4087: 4081: 4075: 4074: 4072: 4064: 4053: 4052: 4050: 4042: 4036: 4035: 4033: 4025: 4019: 4018: 4016: 4008: 4002: 4001: 3999: 3998: 3983: 3977: 3976: 3974: 3973: 3959: 3953: 3952: 3950: 3949: 3939: 3930: 3929: 3927: 3926: 3912: 3899: 3898: 3896: 3895: 3881: 3864: 3857: 3851: 3848: 3842: 3839: 3833: 3826: 3820: 3809: 3803: 3796: 3790: 3787: 3781: 3778: 3772: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3751: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3739: 3738: 3723: 3717: 3714: 3708: 3705: 3699: 3696: 3690: 3687: 3681: 3674: 3668: 3665: 3659: 3656: 3650: 3643: 3637: 3634: 3628: 3625: 3619: 3616: 3610: 3607: 3601: 3598: 3592: 3589: 3583: 3576: 3570: 3563: 3557: 3550: 3544: 3537: 3531: 3528: 3522: 3519: 3513: 3510: 3504: 3497: 3491: 3484: 3478: 3473:Andrews, Allen. 3471: 3465: 3462: 3456: 3453: 3447: 3444: 3438: 3435: 3429: 3422: 3416: 3413: 3407: 3404: 3398: 3395: 3386: 3379: 3373: 3366: 3360: 3359: 3358:. 22 April 2020. 3352: 3346: 3339: 3333: 3330: 3324: 3321: 3315: 3308: 3302: 3299: 3293: 3290: 3284: 3278: 3269: 3268: 3260: 3254: 3253: 3251: 3250: 3235: 3229: 3222: 3216: 3215: 3213: 3212: 3198: 3192: 3191: 3180: 3174: 3173: 3171: 3170: 3156: 3150: 3149: 3147: 3146: 3132: 3126: 3125: 3123: 3122: 3108: 3102: 3101: 3099: 3098: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3075: 3074: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3050: 3049: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3018: 3012: 3011: 3009: 3008: 2994: 2988: 2982: 2976: 2970: 2964: 2963: 2961: 2960: 2953:ŠKODA Motorsport 2945: 2939: 2938: 2936: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2914: 2905: 2904: 2902: 2901: 2887: 2881: 2880: 2878: 2870: 2839:Regularity rally 2814:Car orienteering 2422:Audi RS Q e-tron 2307:Super 2000-Rally 2206:four-wheel drive 2175:Four-wheel-drive 2012:1000 Lakes Rally 1846:or the Austrian 1763:driver's license 1666:Qualifying Stage 1572:passage controls 1496:ceremonial start 1153:Renault Dauphine 1149:Gilberte Thirion 1021:Benito Mussolini 1004:Liège-Rome-Liège 946:Coppa delle Alpi 886:Ettore Guizzardi 790:(from 1906) and 711:Le Petit Journal 693:during the 1903 648:"Monako" Torpédo 562:knock-out system 513:crosskart racing 471:Touring assembly 443: 375: 361: 347: 333: 316: 302:classic rallying 285: 284: 248: 227: 213: 196: 179: 121:Regularity rally 116: 5861: 5860: 5856: 5855: 5854: 5852: 5851: 5850: 5836: 5835: 5834: 5829: 5815: 5777: 5754: 5719: 5672: 5634: 5632: 5626: 5605: 5554: 5539:Groups Rally2-5 5513: 5507: 5477: 5472: 5431: 5317: 5289: 5212: 5165: 5159: 5098: 5044: 4974:By vehicle type 4969: 4943:Off-road racing 4895: 4889: 4845: 4840: 4831: 4829: 4828:. 16 April 2022 4820: 4819: 4815: 4806: 4804: 4795: 4794: 4790: 4777: 4775: 4768: 4767: 4763: 4750: 4748: 4741: 4740: 4736: 4723: 4721: 4714: 4713: 4709: 4700: 4698: 4689: 4688: 4684: 4674: 4672: 4664: 4663: 4659: 4652:Postimees Sport 4646: 4645: 4641: 4630: 4626: 4617: 4615: 4606: 4605: 4601: 4592: 4590: 4588:Wacky Rally Ltd 4584:"Photo Gallery" 4582: 4581: 4577: 4568: 4566: 4557: 4556: 4552: 4543: 4541: 4532: 4531: 4527: 4519: 4515: 4514: 4510: 4501: 4499: 4490: 4489: 4485: 4476: 4474: 4465: 4464: 4460: 4451: 4449: 4440: 4439: 4435: 4426: 4424: 4422:www.skoda.co.uk 4416: 4415: 4411: 4402: 4400: 4391: 4390: 4386: 4377: 4375: 4366: 4365: 4361: 4352: 4350: 4341: 4340: 4336: 4327: 4325: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4301: 4299: 4286: 4285: 4281: 4272: 4270: 4262: 4261: 4257: 4249: 4245: 4244: 4240: 4231: 4229: 4221: 4220: 4216: 4207: 4205: 4196: 4195: 4191: 4182: 4180: 4172: 4171: 4167: 4157: 4155: 4152:motorsport JOBS 4146: 4145: 4141: 4131: 4129: 4121:Parikh, Binoy. 4120: 4119: 4115: 4106: 4104: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4082: 4078: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4056: 4048: 4044: 4043: 4039: 4031: 4027: 4026: 4022: 4014: 4010: 4009: 4005: 3996: 3994: 3985: 3984: 3980: 3971: 3969: 3961: 3960: 3956: 3947: 3945: 3941: 3940: 3933: 3924: 3922: 3914: 3913: 3902: 3893: 3891: 3883: 3882: 3867: 3858: 3854: 3849: 3845: 3840: 3836: 3827: 3823: 3810: 3806: 3797: 3793: 3788: 3784: 3779: 3775: 3770: 3766: 3758: 3754: 3749: 3745: 3736: 3734: 3725: 3724: 3720: 3715: 3711: 3706: 3702: 3697: 3693: 3688: 3684: 3675: 3671: 3666: 3662: 3657: 3653: 3644: 3640: 3635: 3631: 3626: 3622: 3617: 3613: 3608: 3604: 3599: 3595: 3590: 3586: 3577: 3573: 3565:Hamill, Sammy. 3564: 3560: 3551: 3547: 3538: 3534: 3529: 3525: 3520: 3516: 3511: 3507: 3498: 3494: 3485: 3481: 3472: 3468: 3463: 3459: 3454: 3450: 3445: 3441: 3436: 3432: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3410: 3405: 3401: 3396: 3389: 3380: 3376: 3367: 3363: 3354: 3353: 3349: 3340: 3336: 3331: 3327: 3322: 3318: 3309: 3305: 3300: 3296: 3291: 3287: 3279: 3272: 3262: 3261: 3257: 3248: 3246: 3237: 3236: 3232: 3223: 3219: 3210: 3208: 3200: 3199: 3195: 3182: 3181: 3177: 3168: 3166: 3158: 3157: 3153: 3144: 3142: 3134: 3133: 3129: 3120: 3118: 3110: 3109: 3105: 3096: 3094: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3072: 3070: 3061: 3060: 3056: 3047: 3045: 3037: 3036: 3032: 3024: 3020: 3019: 3015: 3006: 3004: 2996: 2995: 2991: 2983: 2979: 2971: 2967: 2958: 2956: 2947: 2946: 2942: 2934: 2930: 2929: 2925: 2916: 2915: 2908: 2899: 2897: 2889: 2888: 2884: 2876: 2872: 2871: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2844:SCCA RallyCross 2804: 2799: 2745: 2740: 2701: 2696: 2687:Misha Charoudin 2619: 2562: 2528:video-on-demand 2479: 2474: 2457: 2434: 2395: 2348: 2299:World Rally Car 2291: 2250:Lancia Delta S4 2246:Renault 5 Turbo 2225: 2219: 2184:Audi Quattro A2 2177: 2134:Escort Twin Cam 2122:Ford of Britain 2041: 1997: 1988:Timing official 1954: 1903: 1895:Marcus Grönholm 1856: 1778:Travis Pastrana 1755: 1736: 1712: 1684: 1678: 1614: 1606:Main articles: 1604: 1480: 1475: 1436: 1428:Björn Waldegård 1405:Peugeot 206 WRC 1401:Juuso Pykälistö 1394: 1331: 1285: 1273: 1257:Rallye du Maroc 1230: 1173: 1130:Coupe des Alpes 1113:Helmut Polensky 1099:Acropolis Rally 1086: 1076:, now known as 1062: 1044:) and France's 1038:Jean Trasenster 995:Coupe des Alpes 918: 792:Giro di Sicilia 767:Fernand Gabriel 722:, although the 716:Albert Lemaître 684: 678: 673: 606: 601: 546: 499: 494: 473: 450: 444: 441: 388: 381: 380: 376: 367: 366: 362: 353: 352: 348: 339: 338: 334: 325: 324: 317: 274: 273: 271: 254: 253: 249: 240: 239: 228: 219: 218: 214: 205: 204: 197: 188: 187: 180: 148: 146:Gimmick rallies 140: 132: 123: 117: 114: 92: 84: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5859: 5857: 5849: 5848: 5838: 5837: 5831: 5830: 5824: 5821: 5820: 5817: 5816: 5814: 5813: 5807: 5792: 5785: 5783: 5779: 5778: 5776: 5775: 5769: 5762: 5760: 5756: 5755: 5753: 5752: 5746: 5740: 5734: 5727: 5725: 5721: 5720: 5718: 5717: 5711: 5705: 5699: 5693: 5687: 5680: 5678: 5674: 5673: 5671: 5670: 5664: 5658: 5652: 5645: 5643: 5636: 5628: 5627: 5625: 5624: 5619: 5613: 5611: 5607: 5606: 5604: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5562: 5560: 5556: 5555: 5553: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5532: 5527: 5521: 5519: 5515: 5514: 5508: 5506: 5505: 5498: 5491: 5483: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5470: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5439: 5437: 5433: 5432: 5430: 5429: 5428: 5427: 5422: 5412: 5411: 5410: 5403:United Kingdom 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5364: 5363: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5337: 5336: 5325: 5323: 5319: 5318: 5316: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5299: 5297: 5291: 5290: 5288: 5287: 5286: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5265: 5259:Cross-country 5257: 5256: 5255: 5250: 5240: 5239: 5238: 5233: 5222: 5220: 5214: 5213: 5211: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5169: 5167: 5161: 5160: 5158: 5157: 5156: 5155: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5124: 5123: 5112: 5110: 5104: 5103: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5071: 5066: 5052: 5050: 5046: 5045: 5043: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4996: 4995: 4983: 4977: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4966: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4950: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4929: 4928: 4923: 4916:Circuit racing 4912: 4910: 4909:By course type 4903: 4897: 4896: 4890: 4888: 4887: 4880: 4873: 4865: 4859: 4858: 4852: 4844: 4843:External links 4841: 4839: 4838: 4813: 4788: 4761: 4734: 4707: 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Pelham 1978. 3791: 3782: 3773: 3764: 3752: 3743: 3718: 3709: 3700: 3691: 3682: 3669: 3660: 3651: 3638: 3629: 3620: 3611: 3602: 3593: 3584: 3571: 3558: 3545: 3532: 3523: 3514: 3505: 3492: 3479: 3466: 3457: 3448: 3439: 3430: 3417: 3408: 3399: 3387: 3374: 3361: 3347: 3334: 3325: 3316: 3310:Jones, Chris. 3303: 3294: 3285: 3270: 3255: 3230: 3217: 3206:Newspapers.com 3193: 3175: 3164:Newspapers.com 3151: 3140:Newspapers.com 3127: 3116:Newspapers.com 3103: 3078: 3054: 3030: 3013: 2989: 2977: 2965: 2940: 2923: 2906: 2882: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2797: 2792: 2787: 2782: 2777: 2772: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2752: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2713: 2711:Handbrake turn 2708: 2702: 2700: 2697: 2695: 2692: 2691: 2690: 2667:Heizer Monkeys 2663: 2642: 2632:The Rally Band 2618: 2615: 2614: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2596:V-Rally series 2593: 2588: 2583: 2578: 2573: 2568: 2561: 2558: 2557: 2556: 2550: 2544: 2538: 2532: 2513: 2512: 2497:Michael Smiley 2493:Richard Madden 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2466:Banger rallies 2456: 2453: 2441:Bedford Rascal 2433: 2430: 2394: 2391: 2347: 2344: 2323:, with hybrid 2290: 2287: 2264:Henri Toivonen 2224: 2221: 2176: 2173: 2168:Lancia Stratos 2040: 2037: 1996: 1993: 1992: 1991: 1985: 1979: 1973: 1967: 1961: 1958:Rally director 1953: 1950: 1949: 1948: 1940: 1939: 1932: 1931: 1923: 1922: 1919:Team principal 1902: 1899: 1867:Michèle Mouton 1855: 1852: 1832:Michèle Mouton 1811:Gilles Panizzi 1800:, driving for 1776:Rally drivers 1754: 1751: 1743:Sébastien Loeb 1735: 1732: 1711: 1708: 1680:Main article: 1677: 1674: 1603: 1600: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1455:Thierry Sabine 1435: 1432: 1420:Alpine-Renault 1393: 1390: 1382:Canary Islands 1350:specialsträcka 1330: 1327: 1294:Hillman Hunter 1284: 1281: 1272: 1269: 1263:. Australia's 1229: 1226: 1172: 1169: 1164:Tour de France 1085: 1082: 1061: 1058: 917: 916:Interwar years 914: 894:New York–Paris 752:De Dion-Bouton 691:Marcel Renault 680:Main article: 677: 674: 672: 669: 605: 602: 600: 597: 596: 595: 589: 565: 553: 545: 542: 541: 540: 526: 516: 506: 498: 495: 493: 490: 472: 469: 449: 446: 439: 387: 384: 383: 382: 378: 377: 370: 368: 364: 363: 356: 354: 350: 349: 342: 340: 336: 335: 328: 326: 319: 318: 311: 309: 290:special stages 270: 267: 263:special stages 259:Stage rallying 256: 255: 251: 250: 243: 241: 230: 229: 222: 220: 216: 215: 208: 206: 199: 198: 191: 189: 182: 181: 174: 172: 165: 164: 163:treasure hunts 161: 158: 155: 147: 144: 139: 136: 131: 128: 122: 119: 112: 91: 88: 83: 80: 31:Petter Solberg 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5858: 5847: 5844: 5843: 5841: 5828: 5822: 5811: 5808: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5790: 5787: 5786: 5784: 5780: 5773: 5770: 5767: 5764: 5763: 5761: 5757: 5750: 5747: 5744: 5741: 5738: 5735: 5732: 5729: 5728: 5726: 5722: 5715: 5712: 5709: 5706: 5703: 5700: 5697: 5694: 5691: 5688: 5685: 5682: 5681: 5679: 5675: 5668: 5665: 5662: 5659: 5656: 5653: 5650: 5647: 5646: 5644: 5640: 5637: 5629: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5614: 5612: 5608: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5563: 5561: 5557: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5540: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5522: 5520: 5516: 5511: 5504: 5499: 5497: 5492: 5490: 5485: 5484: 5481: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5434: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5417: 5416: 5415:United States 5413: 5409: 5406: 5405: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5362: 5359: 5358: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5335: 5332: 5331: 5330: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5320: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5292: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5245: 5244: 5241: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5227: 5226:Special stage 5224: 5223: 5221: 5219: 5215: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5193:Rock crawling 5191: 5189: 5188:Classic trial 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5162: 5154: 5151: 5150: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5122: 5119: 5118: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5105: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5061: 5057: 5054: 5053: 5051: 5047: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4994: 4993: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4978: 4976: 4972: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4958:Desert racing 4956: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4945: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4938:Street racing 4936: 4934: 4931: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4918: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4898: 4893: 4886: 4881: 4879: 4874: 4872: 4867: 4866: 4863: 4856: 4853: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4842: 4827: 4823: 4817: 4814: 4802: 4798: 4792: 4789: 4784: 4773: 4772: 4765: 4762: 4757: 4746: 4745: 4738: 4735: 4730: 4719: 4718: 4711: 4708: 4696: 4692: 4686: 4683: 4671: 4667: 4661: 4658: 4653: 4649: 4643: 4640: 4636: 4633: 4628: 4625: 4614: 4610: 4603: 4600: 4589: 4585: 4579: 4576: 4565: 4561: 4554: 4551: 4540: 4536: 4529: 4526: 4518: 4512: 4509: 4498: 4494: 4487: 4484: 4472: 4468: 4467:"Regulations" 4462: 4459: 4447: 4443: 4437: 4434: 4423: 4419: 4413: 4410: 4399: 4395: 4388: 4385: 4373: 4369: 4363: 4360: 4348: 4344: 4338: 4335: 4324: 4320: 4313: 4310: 4298:on 9 May 2006 4297: 4293: 4289: 4283: 4280: 4269: 4265: 4259: 4256: 4248: 4242: 4239: 4228: 4224: 4218: 4215: 4204: 4200: 4193: 4190: 4179: 4175: 4169: 4166: 4153: 4149: 4143: 4140: 4128: 4124: 4117: 4114: 4102: 4098: 4092: 4089: 4085: 4080: 4077: 4069: 4063: 4061: 4059: 4055: 4047: 4041: 4038: 4030: 4024: 4021: 4013: 4007: 4004: 3992: 3988: 3982: 3979: 3968: 3964: 3958: 3955: 3944: 3938: 3936: 3932: 3921: 3920:Citroën Ghana 3917: 3911: 3909: 3907: 3905: 3901: 3890: 3886: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3856: 3853: 3847: 3844: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3825: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3808: 3805: 3801: 3795: 3792: 3786: 3783: 3777: 3774: 3768: 3765: 3761: 3756: 3753: 3747: 3744: 3732: 3728: 3722: 3719: 3713: 3710: 3704: 3701: 3695: 3692: 3686: 3683: 3679: 3673: 3670: 3664: 3661: 3655: 3652: 3648: 3642: 3639: 3636:Robson, p.55. 3633: 3630: 3624: 3621: 3615: 3612: 3606: 3603: 3600:Robson, p.45. 3597: 3594: 3588: 3585: 3581: 3575: 3572: 3568: 3562: 3559: 3555: 3549: 3546: 3542: 3536: 3533: 3527: 3524: 3518: 3515: 3509: 3506: 3502: 3496: 3493: 3489: 3483: 3480: 3476: 3470: 3467: 3461: 3458: 3452: 3449: 3446:Robson, p.20. 3443: 3440: 3437:Robson, p.17. 3434: 3431: 3427: 3421: 3418: 3412: 3409: 3403: 3400: 3394: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3378: 3375: 3371: 3365: 3362: 3357: 3351: 3348: 3344: 3338: 3335: 3329: 3326: 3320: 3317: 3313: 3307: 3304: 3298: 3295: 3289: 3286: 3282: 3277: 3275: 3271: 3266: 3259: 3256: 3245:on 2020-08-09 3244: 3240: 3234: 3231: 3227: 3221: 3218: 3207: 3203: 3197: 3194: 3189: 3185: 3179: 3176: 3165: 3161: 3155: 3152: 3141: 3137: 3131: 3128: 3117: 3113: 3107: 3104: 3092: 3088: 3082: 3079: 3068: 3064: 3058: 3055: 3044: 3040: 3034: 3031: 3023: 3017: 3014: 3003: 2999: 2993: 2990: 2986: 2981: 2978: 2974: 2969: 2966: 2954: 2950: 2944: 2941: 2933: 2927: 2924: 2919: 2913: 2911: 2907: 2896: 2892: 2886: 2883: 2875: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2819:Classic rally 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2781: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2771: 2768: 2766: 2763: 2761: 2758: 2756: 2753: 2751: 2750:Andros Trophy 2748: 2747: 2742: 2737: 2736:Trail braking 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2706:Double clutch 2704: 2703: 2698: 2693: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2679:Štefan Rosina 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2661: 2657: 2656: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2606:My Summer Car 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2563: 2559: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2536: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2524: 2519: 2515: 2514: 2510: 2509:David Higgins 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2480: 2476: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2464:for example. 2463: 2454: 2452: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2423: 2418: 2416: 2412: 2411:Hayden Paddon 2409:, WRC driver 2408: 2403: 2400: 2392: 2386: 2382: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2346:Cross-country 2345: 2340: 2337: 2332: 2328: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2274: 2269: 2268:Sergio Cresto 2265: 2261: 2260: 2259:Tour de Corse 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2214:Hannu Mikkola 2211: 2207: 2203: 2202:five-cylinder 2200: 2196: 2192: 2185: 2181: 2174: 2172: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2152: 2150: 2147:roadster and 2146: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2106:car companies 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2038: 2036: 2034: 2030: 2024: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2008:Mini Cooper S 2005: 2001: 1994: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1980: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1951: 1945: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1934: 1933: 1928: 1925: 1924: 1920: 1917: 1916: 1911: 1907: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1890: 1886: 1883: 1879: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1863:Fabrizia Pons 1860: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1836:Fabrizia Pons 1833: 1829: 1828:Stirling Moss 1825: 1820: 1816: 1815:Shekhar Mehta 1812: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1798:Erik Carlsson 1794: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1721: 1716: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1675: 1673: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1658: 1656: 1651: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1636: 1632: 1631:flying finish 1628: 1618: 1613: 1609: 1602:Special stage 1601: 1599: 1596: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1568: 1566: 1565: 1559: 1558:flexi-service 1555: 1550: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1527: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1484: 1477: 1472: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1451: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1433: 1431: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1410: 1409:Swedish Rally 1406: 1402: 1398: 1391: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1355: 1352:(Swedish) or 1351: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1328: 1326: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1304: 1299: 1295: 1290: 1282: 1280: 1278: 1271:North America 1270: 1268: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1239: 1234: 1227: 1225: 1223: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1171:South America 1170: 1168: 1165: 1161: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1145: 1144:Tour de Corse 1140: 1136: 1132: 1131: 1126: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1105: 1100: 1096: 1095:Rally Finland 1092: 1091:Swedish Rally 1083: 1079: 1078:Rally Finland 1075: 1071: 1066: 1059: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1034: 1032: 1028: 1027: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1009: 1006: 1005: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 987: 981: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 943: 938: 931: 927: 922: 915: 913: 911: 908:, run by the 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 882:Luigi Barzini 879: 874: 869: 867: 863: 859: 855: 851: 846: 844: 840: 836: 831: 827: 822: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 799: 797: 793: 789: 784: 780: 775: 773: 768: 764: 760: 755: 753: 749: 745: 741: 740: 734: 730: 728: 726: 721: 717: 713: 712: 707: 703: 696: 692: 688: 683: 675: 670: 668: 666: 661: 659: 655: 647: 643: 638: 634: 632: 631:Denison, Iowa 628: 623: 621: 617: 613: 612: 603: 598: 593: 590: 587: 586:Andros trophy 583: 579: 578: 577:Andros Trophy 573: 569: 566: 563: 558: 554: 551: 548: 547: 543: 538: 534: 530: 527: 524: 520: 517: 514: 510: 507: 504: 501: 500: 496: 491: 489: 487: 483: 479: 470: 465: 461: 457: 455: 454:Motorsport UK 447: 438: 436: 432: 430: 426: 424: 419: 417: 413: 409: 405: 401: 392: 385: 374: 369: 360: 355: 346: 341: 332: 327: 322: 315: 310: 307: 305: 303: 298: 296: 291: 286: 282: 278: 268: 266: 264: 260: 247: 242: 238: 234: 233:Lancia Fulvia 226: 221: 212: 207: 202: 195: 190: 185: 178: 173: 170: 168: 162: 159: 156: 153: 152: 151: 145: 143: 137: 135: 129: 127: 120: 111: 108: 103: 101: 97: 89: 87: 81: 79: 77: 72: 70: 66: 61: 58: 54: 47: 43: 39: 36: 32: 28: 22: 5610:Category III 5571:Group Rally1 5253:12-car rally 5217: 5208:Green laning 5203:Sand driving 5116:Hillclimbing 5015:Truck racing 4990: 4830:. Retrieved 4825: 4816: 4805:. Retrieved 4803:. 2002-09-04 4800: 4791: 4781:– via 4776:. Retrieved 4770: 4764: 4754:– via 4749:. Retrieved 4743: 4737: 4727:– via 4722:. Retrieved 4716: 4710: 4699:. Retrieved 4694: 4685: 4673:. Retrieved 4669: 4660: 4651: 4642: 4634: 4627: 4616:. Retrieved 4612: 4602: 4591:. Retrieved 4587: 4578: 4567:. Retrieved 4563: 4553: 4542:. Retrieved 4538: 4528: 4511: 4500:. Retrieved 4496: 4486: 4475:. Retrieved 4473:. 2016-01-20 4470: 4461: 4450:. Retrieved 4448:. 2015-01-22 4445: 4436: 4425:. Retrieved 4421: 4412: 4401:. Retrieved 4397: 4387: 4376:. Retrieved 4374:. 2019-09-05 4371: 4362: 4351:. Retrieved 4349:. 2016-01-18 4346: 4337: 4326:. Retrieved 4322: 4312: 4300:. Retrieved 4296:the original 4291: 4282: 4271:. Retrieved 4267: 4258: 4241: 4230:. Retrieved 4226: 4217: 4206:. Retrieved 4202: 4192: 4181:. Retrieved 4177: 4168: 4156:. Retrieved 4151: 4142: 4130:. Retrieved 4126: 4116: 4105:. Retrieved 4103:. 2021-06-18 4100: 4091: 4079: 4040: 4023: 4006: 3995:. Retrieved 3993:. 2019-02-27 3990: 3981: 3970:. Retrieved 3966: 3957: 3946:. Retrieved 3923:. Retrieved 3919: 3892:. Retrieved 3888: 3860: 3855: 3846: 3837: 3829: 3824: 3816: 3812: 3807: 3799: 3794: 3785: 3776: 3767: 3755: 3746: 3735:. Retrieved 3730: 3721: 3712: 3703: 3694: 3685: 3677: 3672: 3663: 3654: 3646: 3641: 3632: 3627:Robson, p.55 3623: 3618:Robson, p.46 3614: 3605: 3596: 3587: 3579: 3574: 3566: 3561: 3553: 3548: 3540: 3535: 3526: 3517: 3508: 3500: 3495: 3487: 3482: 3474: 3469: 3460: 3455:Robson, p.21 3451: 3442: 3433: 3425: 3420: 3411: 3402: 3382: 3377: 3369: 3364: 3350: 3342: 3337: 3328: 3319: 3311: 3306: 3297: 3288: 3264: 3258: 3247:. Retrieved 3243:the original 3233: 3225: 3220: 3209:. Retrieved 3205: 3196: 3187: 3178: 3167:. Retrieved 3163: 3154: 3143:. Retrieved 3139: 3130: 3119:. Retrieved 3115: 3106: 3095:. Retrieved 3090: 3081: 3071:, retrieved 3069:, 2022-06-01 3066: 3057: 3046:. Retrieved 3042: 3033: 3016: 3005:. Retrieved 3002:Gumball 3000 3001: 2992: 2980: 2968: 2957:. Retrieved 2955:. 2018-11-28 2952: 2943: 2926: 2898:. Retrieved 2894: 2891:"Road Rally" 2885: 2809:12-car rally 2743:Rally events 2721:Hill jumping 2683:Walter Röhrl 2675:Olaf Manthey 2670: 2666: 2653: 2645: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2566:Rally Trophy 2531:perspective. 2521: 2505:MG Metro 6R4 2487: 2458: 2449: 2419: 2404: 2399:ecoRally Cup 2396: 2379:Trophy truck 2349: 2321:Groups Rally 2311: 2292: 2257: 2226: 2223:Groups N/A/B 2218: 2210:Audi Quattro 2195:turbocharged 2188: 2153: 2124:first hired 2103: 2042: 2025: 2021: 2004:Timo Mäkinen 1987: 1981: 1975: 1969: 1963: 1957: 1944:Gravel crew: 1943: 1935: 1926: 1918: 1904: 1891: 1887: 1881: 1875: 1840:Tina Thörner 1819:Mats Jonsson 1805: 1790: 1767: 1756: 1734:Participants 1728: 1724: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1659: 1654: 1652: 1642: 1640: 1635:stop control 1634: 1630: 1626: 1623: 1594: 1592: 1587: 1584:night stages 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1569: 1562: 1557: 1553: 1551: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1531:time control 1530: 1528: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1489: 1452: 1437: 1417: 1413: 1407:at the 2003 1392:Modern times 1375: 1358: 1353: 1349: 1347: 1318: 1307: 1286: 1274: 1253:Safari Rally 1249:South Africa 1242: 1238:Safari Rally 1200: 1182:Buenos Aires 1177: 1174: 1163: 1160:Mille Miglia 1159: 1157: 1142: 1139:Jaguar XK120 1135:Johnny Claes 1128: 1124: 1121: 1102: 1087: 1077: 1046:Jean Trevoux 1035: 1026:Mille Miglia 1024: 1019:. In Italy, 1012: 1010: 1002: 994: 990: 984: 982: 980:and Trumpf. 970:Adolf Hitler 949: 945: 941: 939: 935: 906:Glidden Tour 902:Thomas Flyer 873:Peking-Paris 870: 847: 839:James Radley 834: 823: 800: 796:Stelvio Pass 791: 788:Targa Florio 776: 756: 737: 735: 731: 724: 709: 705: 699: 662: 651: 624: 615: 610: 609: 607: 585: 581: 575: 571: 561: 556: 523:touring cars 503:Hillclimbing 485: 482:Gumball 3000 474: 451: 434: 433: 428: 427: 422: 421: 397: 299: 287: 280: 277:rally racing 276: 275:Also called 272: 262: 257: 166: 149: 141: 133: 124: 106: 105: 93: 90:Road rallies 85: 73: 62: 52: 51: 42:Cyprus Rally 5716:(2001–2004) 5710:(1993–2004) 5704:(1997–2012) 5698:(1997–2012) 5692:(1982–2019) 5686:(1982–2007) 5677:Category II 5669:(1996–2002) 5663:(1996–2002) 5651:(1982–2011) 5559:Category II 5283:Dakar Rally 5198:Mud bogging 5164:Untimed and 5148:Autotesting 5133:Rallysprint 5128:Time attack 5056:Formula One 5010:Kart racing 4933:Drag racing 4926:Oval racing 4921:Road racing 4695:Kinoportaal 4670:Delfi Sport 3963:"The Event" 3733:(in French) 3332:Jones, p.39 3323:Jones, p.31 2660:Ari Vatanen 2650:Chris Rea's 2560:Video games 2455:Any vehicle 2242:Peugeot 205 2114:Mini Cooper 2053:homologated 2033:sports cars 2006:drives the 1976:Scrutineers 1782:Colin McRae 1655:Power Stage 1612:Power Stage 1547:target time 1467:Dakar Rally 1303:Ford Escort 1097:), and the 1054:works teams 862:July Crisis 519:Rallysprint 478:steam rally 412:Dakar Rally 160:observation 82:Rally types 38:Impreza WRC 5794:Group 8 - 5782:Category C 5759:Category B 5724:Category A 5714:Group N-GT 5642:Category I 5635:and groups 5633:categories 5586:Group E-II 5566:Group R-GT 5518:Category I 5268:Rally-raid 5183:Motorkhana 5143:Autoslalom 5108:Time trial 5049:FIA series 4963:Ice racing 4892:Motorsport 4832:2022-10-03 4807:2022-07-01 4778:2022-07-01 4751:2022-07-01 4724:2022-07-01 4701:2019-03-09 4618:2022-06-28 4593:2022-06-28 4569:2022-06-25 4544:2022-06-25 4502:2022-06-25 4477:2022-06-25 4452:2022-06-25 4427:2022-06-28 4403:2022-06-28 4378:2022-06-28 4353:2022-06-29 4328:2024-06-05 4273:2022-06-29 4232:2022-06-29 4208:2022-06-14 4183:2022-06-14 4107:2022-06-11 3997:2023-05-08 3972:2023-05-08 3948:2023-05-08 3925:2023-05-08 3894:2022-06-11 3737:2020-10-02 3249:2022-06-04 3211:2022-06-03 3169:2022-06-03 3145:2022-06-04 3121:2022-06-04 3097:2022-06-04 3073:2022-06-09 3067:Wiktionary 3048:2022-06-09 3007:2022-06-18 2959:2022-06-18 2900:2024-05-10 2856:References 2834:Rallycross 2829:Rally raid 2824:Ice racing 2644:The track 2303:Super 1600 2295:F2 kit car 2045:Appendix J 2039:Groups 1–4 1848:Ilka Minor 1670:road order 1627:start line 1580:tyre zones 1564:parc fermé 1354:erikoiskoe 1323:Rally Raid 948:, and the 942:Alpenfahrt 815:Land's End 772:Brooklands 646:Russo-Balt 608:The word ' 568:Ice Racing 550:Rallycross 448:Hill Rally 400:rally-raid 201:Ford Focus 69:road-legal 65:production 57:motorsport 33:driving a 5812:(1966–81) 5806:(1966–81) 5791:(1966–81) 5774:(1966–81) 5768:(1966–81) 5751:(1966–81) 5745:(1966–81) 5739:(1966–81) 5733:(1966–81) 5702:Group GT2 5696:Group GT1 5667:Group CL1 5657:(2001–11) 5576:Group GT3 5545:Group E-I 5334:Supercars 5329:Australia 5313:ThrustSSC 5138:Autocross 5069:Formula E 4992:GT racing 4675:2 October 4372:Top Speed 3885:"WRC A-Z" 3541:RAC Rally 3312:Road Race 2520:entitled 2518:Ott Tänak 2501:Tony Pond 2462:Batmobile 2363:Groups T3 2351:Groups T1 2339:prototype 1952:Officials 1930:mechanic. 1927:Engineer: 1878:co-driver 1854:Co-driver 1793:privateer 1786:Ken Block 1692:pacenotes 1682:Pacenotes 1662:Shakedown 1595:road book 1539:intervals 1492:itinerary 1478:Itinerary 1444:Baja 1000 1426:, won by 1361:RAC Rally 1217:Guatemala 1209:Venezuela 1194:Chevrolet 1050:Hotchkiss 999:RAC Rally 830:hillclimb 817:, London– 813:, London– 811:Edinburgh 644:entrant, 627:caucusing 604:Etymology 572:ice races 509:Autocross 5846:Rallying 5840:Category 5708:Group GT 5661:Group ST 5655:Group SP 5622:Group T5 5601:Group T4 5596:Group T3 5591:Group T1 5581:Group CN 5550:Group T2 5393:Portugal 5218:Rallying 5178:Gymkhana 5173:Drifting 5153:Autosolo 4801:POLITICO 4558:Shacki. 4533:Shacki. 4491:Shacki. 4317:Shacki. 4197:Shacki. 4127:Red Bull 3731:L'Équipe 2849:Zero car 2694:See also 2432:Historic 2375:Group T6 2359:Group T5 2336:Group T1 2248:and the 2151:saloon. 1995:Vehicles 1982:Marshals 1964:Stewards 1936:Mechanic 1844:Ana Goñi 1824:Pat Moss 1747:WRC wins 1588:Regroups 1535:timecard 1516:regroups 1512:services 1508:sections 1380:and the 1371:Rally GB 1259:and the 978:Wanderer 932:in 1935. 928:won the 744:Bordeaux 658:Columbia 537:drifting 529:Gymkhana 440:— 113:— 53:Rallying 5810:Group 9 5789:Group 7 5772:Group 6 5766:Group 5 5749:Group 4 5743:Group 3 5737:Group 2 5731:Group 1 5690:Group D 5684:Group C 5649:Group B 5617:Group F 5535:Group R 5530:Group A 5525:Group N 5425:IndyCar 5378:Ireland 5356:Germany 5346:Finland 4783:YouTube 4774:(Video) 4756:YouTube 4747:(Video) 4729:YouTube 4720:(Video) 4302:24 June 3063:"rally" 2802:Related 2655:Auberge 2488:Group B 2443:, 2006 2313:Group R 2237:Group B 2233:Group A 2229:Group N 2156:Renault 2130:Cortina 2084:helped 2079:Group 4 2069:Group 4 2065:Group 3 2061:Group 2 2057:Group 1 2047:of the 2029:saloons 1554:service 1403:in his 1378:Madeira 1222:Bolivia 1205:Caracas 1151:, in a 1070:DKW F93 1042:Bugatti 1031:Brescia 966:Triumph 898:Siberia 850:Estonia 841:in his 826:Germany 803:Britain 757:In the 727:de Dion 720:Peugeot 616:rallier 599:History 574:of the 76:circuit 5631:Former 5420:NASCAR 5398:Russia 5388:Latvia 5368:Greece 5351:France 5341:Canada 4901:Racing 3027:. FIA. 2669:track 2652:album 2634:, and 2555:(1969) 2549:(1976) 2543:(2023) 2537:(2024) 2325:Rally1 2160:Alpine 2138:Abarth 2086:Lancia 1759:drives 1753:Driver 1648:donuts 1520:stages 1518:; and 1500:finish 1386:Azores 1228:Africa 1084:Europe 954:Talbot 892:. 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