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131:. "The first balloon rose properly to 70,000 ft. , but the rocket hanging under it did not fire. The second Rockoon behaved in the same maddening way. On the theory that extreme cold at high altitude might have stopped the clockwork supposed to ignite the rockets, Van Allen heated cans of orange juice snuggled them into the third Rockoon's gondola and wrapped the whole business in insulation. The rocket fired."
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in
Atlantic, Pacific, and Antarctic areas ranging from 75° N. to 72° S. latitude, as part of the scientific program headed by Van Allen together with Lawrence J. Cahill of the University of Iowa. These were the first known upper atmosphere rocket soundings in the Antarctic area. Launched from IGY
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A serious disadvantage is that unpiloted balloons cannot be steered, and consequently the location from which the rocket is launched can be uncertain. Therefore, a large area for the fall of the rocket is required for safety reasons. The rockoons that
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by a gas-filled balloon, then separated from the balloon and ignited. This allows the rocket to achieve a higher altitude, as the rocket does not have to move under power through the lower and thicker layers of the atmosphere. A 2016 study by
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in some of its
Rockoon launches, lofting the Loki to high altitudes on a helium balloon before firing, for upper atmosphere research. The first Rockoon launch of the Loki I occurred on Jul 1 1955 from shipboard off the coast of Greenland.
173:, Launch Site 11 Launch Point 10 74.38 N x 71.93 W, at 05:54 GMT. This was quickly followed by another success on Aug 30 1953 20:46 GMT, at Atlantic Ocean Launch Site 11 Launch Point 13 53.13 N, 54.75 W.
261:
in 2018 to carry micro satellites to low Earth orbit. UK base company, B2Space is developing the concept to launch small satellites into low Earth orbit. The
American company
249:(Purdue Orbital) have started programs to develop rockoons and significant work has been recently done by Leo Aerospace based in Los Angeles and a Romanian space company,
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reported in 1959: "Van Allen's 'Rockoons' could not be fired in Iowa for fear that the spent rockets would strike an Iowan or his house." Van Allen convinced the
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in cosmic-ray studies by The
University of Iowa research group. Army Ordnance supplied JPL-developed Loki rockets and ONR sponsored the project.
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Johnson, Ian; Roberson, Race; Truitt, Chad; Waldock, Jaime; Northway, Paige; Pfaff, Michael; Winglee, Robert (August 2014).
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607:"Stealth Startup Deimos-One Seeks To Revolutionize The Aerospace Industry With Radical New Launch Strategy"
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is developing an AI assisted concept to launch rockets and carry satellites to low Earth orbit.
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The original concept was developed by Cmdr. Lee Lewis, Cmdr. G. Halvorson, S. F. Singer, and
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that, rather than being lit immediately while still on the ground, is first carried into the
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Details of
Rockoon launches made between 1952 and 1954 in the Arctic by the USCGC EASTWIND
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company has developed and used rockoons as part of its space access plans. Additionally,
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111:
63:
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Development of a
Rockoon Launch Platform and a Sulfur Fuel Pulsed Plasma Thruster CubeSAT
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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rockets were successfully balloon launched (Rockoons) from shipboard off the coast of
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Details of
Rockoon launches made in 1956 from the USS COLONIAL in the Pacific Ocean
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Okninski, Adam; Raurell, Daniel Sors; Mitre, Alberto
Rodriguez (October 2016).
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The
University of Washington investigated Rockoon launches between 2006-2014.
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Rockoon Launch Site 2, Atlantic Ocean; Latitude: 0.83° N, Longitude: 0.99° W.
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80.1 N x 68.5 W was a failure. However, success came on Aug 9 1953 in the
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The first attempt of the Deacon
Rockoon on Aug 21 1952 06:25 GMT from the
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concluded that low-mass and high altitude launches give the best results.
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633:. 28th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites. SSC14-P2-10.
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James Van Allen holding (Loki) instrumented Rockoon, Credit: JPL
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plans to launch a toroid shaped rocket from a balloon called
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In September 1957, as part of the U.S. contributions for the
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A sounding rocket carried by balloon to the upper atmosphere
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180:, thirty-six rockoons were launched from Navy icebreaker
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Fetterman, John (March 20, 1955). "Project Skyhook".
338:"Feasibility of a low-cost sounding rockoon platform"
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worked with cost around a tenth the cost of rockets.
446:"Aeronautics and Astronautics Chronology, 1955-57"
154:During July–October 1955 instrumented Loki I and
121:to let him fire his rockoons from the icebreaker
34:A Deacon rockoon just after shipboard launch.
8:
475:
473:
328:
666:. Rick Brant Science-Adventure Series.
649:"Encyclopedia Astronautica - Rockoon"
7:
243:University of Alabama in Huntsville
690:High Altitude Research Corporation
299:Low-Density Supersonic Decelerator
42:A rockoon at liftoff, August 2022.
14:
546:"ISU Rockoon Project - SEDSWiki"
201:
660:Leland Goodwin, Harold (1963).
354:10.1016/j.actaastro.2016.06.010
21:Rockoon (Tangerine Dream album)
178:International Geophysical Year
1:
481:"Chronology - Quarter 3 1953"
460:"Chronology - Quarter 3 1952"
428:"Chronology - Quarter 3 1955"
410:"Chronology - Quarter 2 1951"
88:rocket firing cruise of the
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372:balloonsoverrockbridge.com
107:Early atmospheric research
18:
210:This section needs to be
144:Office of Naval Research
25:Rockoon (T-Square album)
304:Non-rocket spacelaunch
253:. The Spanish company
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239:Iowa State University
137:
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663:The Flying Stingaree
487:on December 2, 2008.
466:on January 18, 2010.
434:on December 2, 2008.
416:on January 18, 2010.
19:For the albums, see
705:1953 in spaceflight
503:www.jpaerospace.com
279:Air launch to orbit
233:More recently, the
146:(USA ONR) used the
127:that was bound for
140:
95:on March 1, 1949.
82:James A. Van Allen
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36:
710:Rocket propulsion
686:Stratocat website
680:Stratocat website
368:"Ballooning FAQs"
342:Acta Astronautica
247:Purdue University
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74:Acta Astronautica
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651:. Archived from
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571:"Purdue Orbital"
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523:. Archived from
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289:Da Vinci Project
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517:"BalloonSat"
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315:Deimos-One's
294:JP Aerospace
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222:October 2020
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193:Recent usage
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715:Spaceflight
348:: 335–344.
311:'s Bloostar
84:during the
699:Categories
613:2021-01-26
556:2010-02-27
531:2018-10-14
499:"Rockoons"
323:References
263:Deimos-One
589:"B2Space"
251:ARCASPACE
182:USS
160:Greenland
129:Greenland
377:April 1,
272:See also
259:Bloostar
124:Eastwind
115:magazine
642:Sources
212:updated
184:Glacier
90:U.S.S.
86:Aerobee
62:) is a
59:balloon
48:rockoon
317:Vulcan
245:, and
241:, the
156:Deacon
53:rocket
50:(from
379:2020
148:Loki
142:The
113:Time
56:and
23:and
350:doi
346:127
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472:^
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46:A
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