982:
thermoregulate. They will use behavioral tactics such as seeking out shaded areas sheltered from the sun and also make use of postural changes to better dissipate heat from their body. They will also make use of a technique to maximize evaporative cooling known as urine washing. The monkeys will urinate on their hands and rub the urine over the soles of their feet. The urine is then evaporated off the body in a cooling process. Studies have shown this behavior to be maximized during times of high temperature, highlighting its importance as a thermoregulatory behavior.
1119:
960:
diet where they have to forage for food. There is evidence that squirrel monkeys show sexual dimorphism during the breeding season. In the months leading up to breeding and in the months of breeding, sexually mature adult males have been recorded to increase in size by significant amounts relative to females. These size changes are caused by seasonal fluctuations in androgen hormones synthesized in the hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal and gonadal axes. The fluctuations include increases in the concentrations of
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125:
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that increase in significance as the humidity goes up. When reaching approximately 95% humidity, the monkeys have more drastic changes in osmoregulation in order to maintain homeostasis. As evaporative water loss decreases at these high levels of saturation, the monkeys will take in less water and create a more concentrated urine in order to maintain proper ion and water levels inside the body.
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is largely evident in human primates. Squirrel monkeys do not often display cooperation in the wild, while many other nonhuman primates do. Studies have been done to suggest that female squirrel monkeys show disadvantageous inequity aversion as it pertains to food rewards. However, the same could not
959:
time the weaning of their young with the period of time when there will be maximum fruit availability in the environment. This reduces the energetic struggles that newly weaned juveniles will face when transitioning from a milk diet where they are dependent on their mother for food to a more diverse
990:
Squirrel monkeys are subject to both high temperatures and high humidity in their natural habitat. The humidity can range from 70% saturation in the 'dry' season up to 90% in the 'wet' season. Squirrel monkeys are able to tolerate up to 75% humidity with small adjustments in behavior and physiology
492:
There are two main groups of squirrel monkeys recognized. They are differentiated based on the shape of the white coloration above the eyes. In total there are five recognized species. Squirrel monkeys have short and close fur colored black at the shoulders, yellow or orange fur along the back and
972:
levels in sexually mature males during the breeding season, peaking in
January. Following the breeding season, these androgen concentrations drop. The evolutionary reasoning for these size changes in sexually mature males is suggested to be both intra-sexual selections among males and also female
883:
Squirrel monkeys grow from 25 to 35 centimetres (9.8 to 13.8 in) long, plus a 35 to 42 centimetres (14 to 17 in) tail. Male squirrel monkeys weigh 750 to 1,100 grams (26 to 39 oz). Females weigh 500 to 750 grams (18 to 26 oz). Both males and females are equipped with long and
570:
Until 1984, all South
American squirrel monkeys were considered part of a single widespread species, and many zoologists considered the Central American squirrel monkey to be a member of that single species as well. The two main groups currently recognized can be separated by the white above the
973:
choice selection, as the larger males are more likely to be preferred by females and partake in more copulations. There is not clear evidence yet as to why females choose larger males, but a leading hypothesis is that the larger males are more likely to have better vigilance for their young.
981:
Squirrel monkeys can only sweat through the palms of their hands and the soles of their feet. Sweating in these areas alone does not provide enough cooling for the monkeys to survive in the high temperature environments of South and
Central America, requiring them to use other methods to
942:
Squirrel monkey mating is subject to seasonal influences. Squirrel monkeys reach sexual maturity at ages of 2–2.5 years for females and age 3.5–4 years for males. Females give birth to young during the rainy season, after a 150- to 170-day gestation. Only the mothers care for the young.
1040:) produces a pigment most sensitive to 534 nm. In squirrel monkeys, there is only one gene on the X chromosome but it exists in three varieties: one is most sensitive to 538 nm, one to 551 nm, and one to 561 nm. Since males have only one X chromosome, they are
818:
Epoch, likely due to climatic changes associated with interglacial periods in South
America at the time. The origin of squirrel monkeys in Central America is unclear, but a possible hypothesis is human transport. More genetic work needs to be done on the subject to reveal a true
910:
Squirrel monkeys live together in multi-male/multi-female groups with up to 500 members. These large groups, however, can occasionally break into smaller troupes. The groups have a number of vocal calls, including warning sounds to protect the group from large
1649:
Merces, Michelle P.; Lynch Alfaro, Jessica W.; et al. (January 2015). "Morphology and mitochondrial phylogenetics reveal that the Amazon River separates two eastern squirrel monkey species: Saimiri sciureus and S. collinsi".
1003:
be said for male squirrel monkeys. More studies need to be done on squirrel monkey behavior to determine why squirrel monkeys rarely show cooperation, and whether disadvantageous inequity aversion is a relevant factor.
851:
A squirrel monkey's fur is short and close, coloured black at the shoulders and yellowish orange on its back and extremities. The upper parts of their heads are hairy. This black-and-white face gives them the name
507:
Squirrel monkeys can only sweat through the palms of their hands and feet. This can have the effect of making their hands and feet feel damp to the touch. Squirrel monkeys must make use of other
814:
The crown group of the extant squirrel monkeys appears to have diverged around 1.5 million years ago. Diversification of squirrel monkey species appears to have occurred during the
511:
techniques such as behavioral changes and urine washing. These monkeys live in habitats of high temperatures and high humidity, making it essential for them to maintain proper
907:. Unlike other New World monkeys, their tail is not used for climbing but as a kind of "balancing pole" and also as a tool. Their movements in the branches can be very rapid.
1916:
Stone, Anita I.; Ruivo, Luana V. P. (2020). "Synchronization of weaning time with peak fruit availability in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri collinsi) living in
Amazonian Brazil".
515:
if conditions pass certain thresholds. Color vision studies have also been performed on squirrel monkeys for the purpose of better understanding vision ailments in humans.
5979:
658:
6149:
6018:
667:
2324:
1437:
Ruiz, J.C (2005). "Relative humidity, ambient temperature, and urine washing behavior in
Bolivian squirrel monkeys, Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis".
1381:"Seasonal changes in serum dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, and testosterone levels in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis)"
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777:
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5992:
1012:
2171:
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891:, which they use to display dominance over smaller monkeys, in much the same way that the male squirrel monkeys display their dominance.
2279:
1118:
2333:
1166:
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are not fully weaned until 18 months old. Squirrel monkeys live to about 15 years old in the wild, and over 20 years in captivity.
1499:
Mancuso, Katherine; Hauswirth, William W.; Li, Qiuhong; Connor, Thomas B.; Kuchenbecker, James A.; Mauck, Matthew C.; Neitz, Jay;
2532:
2351:
649:
527:
1056:
has given the human OPN1LW gene to adult male squirrel monkeys, producing behaviour consistent with trichromatic colour vision.
2306:
287:
6141:
6010:
2270:
1094:
6128:
5997:
1826:
Chiou, K. L.; Pozzi, L.; Lynch Alfaro, J. W.; Di Fiore, A. (2011). "Pleistocene diversification of living squirrel monkeys (
933:
Sexual dimorphism in squirrel monkeys: larger adult male. Spotted in
Piedras Blancas National Park, Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica
2514:
2360:
1044:, although with different sensitivities. Females have two X chromosomes, so some of them can have copies of two different
708:
6208:
2505:
1568:
743:
1048:. The three alleles seem to be equally common, leading to one-third of females being dichromatic, while two-thirds are
6136:
6005:
5914:
4024:
2523:
726:
605:
1156:
6247:
6154:
2579:
2550:
1459:
Holmes, W.N (1986). "The effect of relative humidity on osmoregulation in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus)".
717:
697:
1751:
6252:
6237:
6023:
5111:
2164:
926:, eating primarily fruits and insects. Occasionally, they also eat seeds, leaves, flowers, buds, nuts, and eggs.
915:, which are a natural threat. Their small body size also makes them susceptible to predators such as snakes and
144:
6197:
2604:
1067:
5833:
1379:
Wiebe, R. Herbert; Williams, Lawrence E.; Abee, Christian R.; Yeoman, Richard R.; Diamond, Edward J. (1988).
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4687:
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678:
600:
310:
260:
241:
1106:
5854:
4148:
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2393:
1778:"The Taxonomy and Conservation Status of Saimiri sciureus albigena: A Squirrel Monkey Endemic to Colombia"
969:
519:
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132:
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4525:
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3531:
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2417:
2157:
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1961:"Mating Patterns in Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri oerstedi): Implications for Seasonal Sexual Dimorphism"
1572:
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3872:
3701:
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in squirrel monkeys has been extensively studied as a stand-in for human ailments. In humans, two
124:
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4819:
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4434:
4384:
4064:
3980:
3626:
3226:
3140:
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2796:
2789:
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1996:
1988:
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2888:
2846:
2775:
2740:
2118:
1330:
1324:
1246:
Palmer, T. S. (1897). "Notes on the
Nomenclature of Four Genera of Tropical American Mammals".
1196:
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1334:
1172:
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919:. For marking territory, squirrel monkeys rub their tail and their skin with their own urine.
784:
501:
470:
353:
324:
6101:
3465:
3379:
3147:
3113:
3078:
3050:
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6242:
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2453:
2315:
2087:
2077:
2023:
1972:
1925:
1888:
1878:
1839:
1789:
1702:
1691:): South-central Amazon origin and rapid pan-Amazonian diversification of a lowland primate"
1659:
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1392:
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2015:
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2027:
1893:
1866:
1622:
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1504:
900:
512:
431:
2092:
2057:
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Squirrel monkeys have determined breeding seasons which involve large fluctuations in
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1148:
1053:
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27:
Genus of mammals belonging to the capuchin and squirrel monkey family of primates
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3899:
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3442:
2895:
1843:
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999:
815:
57:
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is commonly captured for the pet trade and for medical research, but it is not
5183:
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4289:
4239:
4175:
4114:
4017:
4000:
3892:
3835:
3808:
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3182:
3064:
2768:
2713:
2665:
2620:
2217:
1211:
Simpson, George
Gaylord (1941). "Vernacular Names of South American Mammals".
1041:
1033:
554:
482:
466:
462:
206:
102:
67:
5877:
1984:
1937:
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1404:
1161:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 138–139.
5652:
5582:
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5375:
5012:
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4668:
4567:
4333:
4087:
3990:
3204:
2966:
2682:
1176:
952:
853:
450:
meaning 'small') and was also used as an
English name by early researchers.
156:
107:
51:
6186:
2082:
1945:
1902:
1851:
1716:
1671:
1585:
Wong, G.; Cuarón, A.D.; Rodriguez-Luna, E. & de Grammont, P.C. (2008).
1554:
1412:
1396:
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4054:
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3057:
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2211:
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92:
77:
72:
62:
43:
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1528:
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4213:
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3579:
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2181:
2144:
1992:
1976:
1960:
1472:
1232:
497:
226:
196:
112:
87:
39:
17:
2135:
Reforestation for the endemic squirrel monkey of Panama and Costa Rica
2058:"Inheritance of color vision in a New World monkey (Saimiri sciureus)"
1929:
5971:
5349:
5173:
4982:
4883:
4604:
3801:
3517:
3347:
3334:
3286:
2644:
2632:
2193:
1045:
1037:
1029:
912:
486:
216:
186:
166:
5848:
1224:
899:
Like most of their New World monkey relatives, squirrel monkeys are
401:
928:
916:
549:
400:
1158:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
557:, an 'astronaut' squirrel monkey, rode into space as part of the
5759:
4792:
1021:
558:
539:
5852:
5127:
4287:
3332:
2663:
2593:
2153:
1505:"Gene therapy for red–green colour blindness in adult primates"
1032:) produces a pigment that is most sensitive to the 564 nm
955:
in females probably occurs in the mid-teens. Studies show that
6180:
5945:
5142:
5129:
5079:
1830:
spp.) inferred from complete mitochondrial genome sequences".
2589:
2016:"Observations of Squirrel Monkeys in a Colombian Forest"
823:
appears to be the first diverging species in the group.
6204:
1867:"Ovarian aging in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)"
1865:
Walker ML, Anderson DC, Herndon JG, Walker LC (2009).
6211:
to it so that it can be listed with similar articles.
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3395:
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3375:
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3249:
3239:
3199:
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2678:
1326:
A Complete Guide to Monkeys, Apes and Other Primates
856:
monkey" in several Germanic languages (e.g., German
6070:
5861:
5717:
5693:
5651:
5591:
5580:
5486:
5423:
5348:
5274:
5140:
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4924:
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4850:
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4343:
4300:
4238:
4158:
4074:
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3781:
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3489:
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3421:
3345:
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2730:
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2488:
2479:
2391:
2235:
2226:
1248:
Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington
1621:
526:. Two squirrel monkey species are endangered: the
611:that had previously been considered to be within
453:Squirrel monkeys live in the tropical forests of
1445:: 57–61 – via webofscience.com:WOS:ZOOREC.
1264:Leclerc, Georges-Louis, Comte de Buffon (1797).
659:Black-crowned Central American squirrel monkey
615:. Some more recent taxonomies also recognize
2605:
2165:
875:
863:
668:Grey-crowned Central American squirrel monkey
604:, and also recognized an additional species,
594:Subsequent taxonomic research has recognized
8:
1821:
1819:
1628:. Pogonia Press, Charlestown, Rhode Island.
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
884:hairy tails, flat nails, and pointed claws.
857:
1606:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T19836A9022609.en
1306:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T19839A9023022.en
869:
5849:
5699:
5588:
5435:
5431:
5152:
5148:
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4856:
4593:
4419:
4312:
4308:
4297:
4284:
4235:
3680:
3564:
3357:
3353:
3342:
3329:
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3162:
2689:
2673:
2660:
2612:
2598:
2590:
2485:
2232:
2172:
2158:
2150:
1624:The Pictorial Guide to the Living Primates
1285:Boubli, J.-P. & Rylands, A.B. (2008).
123:
31:
2325:Sierra de Perijá white-fronted capuchin (
2091:
2081:
1892:
1882:
1793:
1706:
1687:"Biogeography of squirrel monkeys (genus
1604:
1544:
1304:
1685:Lynch Alfaro, J.W.; et al. (2015).
1494:
1492:
1490:
1772:Carretero-Pinzón, X.; Ruiz-García, M.;
1270:Barr's Buffon. Buffon's Natural History
1135:
1063:
461:in the canopy layer. Most species have
405:Squirrel monkey in Yacuma Park, Bolivia
1143:
1141:
1139:
1013:Evolution of colour vision in primates
1832:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1695:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1652:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1454:
1452:
1432:
1430:
947:are weaned by 4 months of age, while
7:
2334:Santa Marta white-fronted capuchin (
1374:
1372:
1352:
1350:
1318:
1316:
1280:
1278:
493:extremities, and white on the face.
2280:Río Cesar white-fronted capuchin, (
2253:Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin (
1965:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
1592:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1292:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1024:for colour vision are found on the
426:is the only genus in the subfamily
6196:needs additional or more specific
2533:Central American squirrel monkey (
2028:10.1016/b978-1-4832-3310-9.50008-4
1365:. New York: The Macmillan Company.
1272:. pp. 251–252. London: J. S. Barr.
895:Behaviour, ecology, and physiology
25:
2307:Panamanian white-faced capuchin (
2056:Jacobs GH, Neitz J (April 1987).
591:(2005) recognized five species.
6185:
5832:
5110:
4270:
3314:
2370:Marañón white-fronted capuchin (
2271:Colombian white-faced capuchin (
1117:
1105:
1093:
1081:
1066:
650:Central American squirrel monkey
596:Saimiri sciureus cassiquiarensis
528:Central American squirrel monkey
143:
2361:Varied white-fronted capuchin (
2352:Spix's white-fronted capuchin (
2014:Thorington, Richard W. (1968),
1918:American Journal of Primatology
1385:American Journal of Primatology
760:Saimiri boliviensis peruviensis
754:Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis
579:group, while it is shaped as a
2506:Black-capped squirrel monkey (
1100:At the Fuji Safari Park, Japan
430:. The name of the genus is of
1:
887:Female squirrel monkeys have
835:is the sister species to the
672:Saimiri oerstedii citrinellus
2551:Bare-eared squirrel monkey (
2515:Humboldt's squirrel monkey (
2062:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
2022:, Elsevier, pp. 69–85,
1575:. Accessed November 26, 2007
1357:Lull, Richard Swann (1921).
744:Black-capped squirrel monkey
1844:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.025
1754:. Mammal Diversity Database
1708:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.004
1664:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.020
801:, Honda Group, Stirton 1951
663:Saimiri oerstedii oerstedii
589:Mammal Species of the World
559:United States space program
504:between males and females.
6269:
2524:Collins' squirrel monkey (
2244:(Gracile capuchin monkeys)
1323:Kavanagh, Michael (1983).
1010:
758:Peruvian squirrel monkey,
752:Bolivian squirrel monkey,
718:Bare-eared squirrel monkey
709:Humboldt's squirrel monkey
698:Ecuadorian squirrel monkey
5829:
5702:
5438:
5434:
5155:
5151:
5136:
5123:
5108:
5074:
4596:
4422:
4315:
4311:
4296:
4283:
4268:
4234:
3683:
3567:
3360:
3356:
3341:
3328:
3311:
3174:
3161:
2692:
2672:
2659:
2627:
2576:
2542:Guianan squirrel monkey (
2463:Golden-bellied capuchin (
2400:(Robust capuchin monkeys)
2188:
2180:Extant species of family
702:Saimiri sciureus macrodon
693:Saimiri sciureus albigena
688:Saimiri sciureus sciureus
617:Saimiri sciureus macrodon
500:and there is evidence of
377:
370:
299:
294:
275:
268:
140:Scientific classification
138:
131:
122:
34:
2436:Black-striped capuchin (
1155:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
1036:, while the other gene (
727:Collins' squirrel monkey
606:Collins' squirrel monkey
583:("rounded") arch in the
575:("pointed") arch in the
571:eyes; it is shaped as a
2560:Black squirrel monkey (
2343:Wedge-capped capuchin (
2289:Shock-headed capuchin (
2262:Brown weeper capuchin (
1201:– Paleobiology Database
1028:. Typically, one gene (
713:Saimiri cassiquiarensis
679:Guianan squirrel monkey
629:Saimiri cassiquiarensis
623:, but others recognize
601:Saimiri cassiquiarensis
311:Saimiri cassiquiarensis
2141:squirrel monkey genome
2083:10.1073/pnas.84.8.2545
1397:10.1002/ajp.1350140309
970:dehydroepiandrosterone
934:
876:
870:
864:
858:
792:, Kay and Meldrum 1997
619:as a separate species
598:as a separate species
562:
561:, and returned safely.
520:common squirrel monkey
406:
133:Common squirrel monkey
6163:Paleobiology Database
6045:Paleobiology Database
2298:Ecuadorian capuchin (
1124:At Ubon Zoo, Thailand
932:
922:Squirrel monkeys are
767:Black squirrel monkey
553:
532:black squirrel monkey
446:meaning 'monkey' and
404:
1959:Boinski, S. (1987).
1795:10.1896/052.024.0102
1782:Primate Conservation
1599:: e.T19836A9022609.
1573:Animal Diversity Web
1567:Rhines, C. (2000). "
1299:: e.T19839A9023022.
1287:"Saimiri vanzolinii"
1213:Journal of Mammalogy
831:are sister species.
546:Evolutionary history
4993:Paradolichopithecus
2418:Azaras's capuchin (
2379:Chestnut capuchin (
2074:1987PNAS...84.2545J
2020:The Squirrel Monkey
1884:10.1530/REP-08-0449
1587:"Saimiri oerstedii"
1529:10.1038/nature08401
1521:2009Natur.461..784M
995:Cooperation Studies
748:Saimiri boliviensis
627:to be a synonym of
304:Saimiri boliviensis
4619:Victoriapithecidae
4561:Plesiopliopithecus
4499:Platodontopithecus
2517:S. cassiquiarensis
2497:(Squirrel monkeys)
2454:Crested capuchin (
2316:Kaapori capuchin (
2128:2019-03-27 at the
1977:10.1007/BF00324430
1473:10.1007/BF02381891
1112:At the Phoenix Zoo
1088:At the Phoenix Zoo
935:
771:Saimiri vanzolinii
563:
407:
346:Saimiri vanzolinii
6248:New World monkeys
6226:
6225:
6209:adding categories
6178:
6177:
6032:Open Tree of Life
5855:Taxon identifiers
5846:
5845:
5842:
5841:
5827:
5826:
5823:
5822:
5819:
5818:
5815:
5814:
5811:
5810:
5576:
5575:
5419:
5418:
5119:
5118:
5106:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5098:
5097:
5070:
5069:
5066:
5065:
4581:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4483:Dionysopithecidae
4385:Propliopithecidae
4279:
4278:
4266:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4230:
4229:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3324:
3323:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3281:
3280:
3157:
3156:
2587:
2586:
2572:
2571:
2475:
2474:
2409:Tufted capuchin (
2119:Primate Info Net
2037:978-1-4832-3310-9
1930:10.1002/ajp.23139
1635:978-0-9648825-0-8
1620:Rowe, N. (1996).
1515:(7265): 784–787.
1363:Organic Evolution
1340:978-0-224-02168-5
945:Saimiri oerstedti
874:) and Slovenian (
785:Saimiri annectens
654:Saimiri oerstedii
502:sexual dimorphism
414:New World monkeys
399:
398:
384:Rosenberger, 1991
354:Saimiri annectens
325:Saimiri oerstedii
264:
245:
16:(Redirected from
6260:
6253:Primate families
6238:Squirrel monkeys
6221:
6218:
6212:
6189:
6181:
6171:
6170:
6158:
6157:
6145:
6144:
6132:
6131:
6119:
6118:
6106:
6105:
6104:
6091:
6090:
6089:
6063:
6062:
6053:
6052:
6040:
6039:
6027:
6026:
6014:
6013:
6001:
6000:
5988:
5987:
5975:
5974:
5962:
5961:
5949:
5948:
5936:
5935:
5923:
5922:
5910:
5909:
5897:
5896:
5895:
5882:
5881:
5880:
5850:
5837:
5836:
5799:
5788:
5777:
5767:
5749:
5742:Australopithecus
5739:
5728:
5700:
5680:
5662:
5594:
5589:
5564:
5547:
5537:
5527:
5517:
5507:
5497:
5474:
5464:
5454:
5444:
5436:
5432:
5407:
5383:
5359:
5279:Dendropithecidae
5277:
5262:
5252:
5242:
5232:
5222:
5212:
5201:
5191:
5181:
5171:
5161:
5153:
5149:
5138:
5125:
5114:
5076:
5047:
5030:
5020:
5010:
5000:
4990:
4952:
4942:
4912:
4857:
4817:
4800:
4762:
4752:
4735:
4725:
4715:
4705:
4695:
4681:Cercopithecoides
4678:
4651:Victoriapithecus
4617:
4602:
4594:
4588:Cercopithecoidea
4442:
4420:
4413:
4383:
4346:
4331:
4321:
4313:
4309:
4298:
4285:
4274:
4236:
4211:
4132:
4122:
4112:
4102:
4085:
4062:
4052:
4042:
4032:
4015:
3998:
3988:
3978:
3934:
3924:
3914:
3890:
3880:
3870:
3860:
3850:
3826:
3816:
3792:
3769:
3739:
3729:
3719:
3709:
3699:
3689:
3681:
3591:Proteopithecidae
3565:
3558:
3492:
3455:
3424:
3408:
3397:
3387:
3377:
3366:
3358:
3354:
3343:
3330:
3319:
3318:
3268:
3251:
3241:
3201:
3190:
3180:
3172:
3163:
2690:
2680:
2674:
2661:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2591:
2499:
2498:
2486:
2465:S. xanthosternos
2445:Black capuchin (
2427:Blond capuchin (
2402:
2401:
2327:C. leucocephalus
2300:C. aequatorialis
2246:
2245:
2233:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2151:
2106:
2105:
2095:
2085:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1896:
1886:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1823:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1797:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1710:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1627:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1582:
1576:
1569:Saimiri sciureus
1565:
1559:
1558:
1548:
1496:
1485:
1484:
1456:
1447:
1446:
1434:
1425:
1424:
1376:
1367:
1366:
1354:
1345:
1344:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1282:
1273:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1208:
1202:
1194:
1181:
1180:
1145:
1121:
1109:
1097:
1085:
1070:
977:Thermoregulation
957:Saimiri collinsi
879:
873:
871:doodshoofdaapjes
867:
861:
731:Saimiri collinsi
683:Saimiri sciureus
621:Saimiri macrodon
609:Saimiri collinsi
509:thermoregulation
410:Squirrel monkeys
393:
385:
332:Saimiri sciureus
318:Saimiri collinsi
259:
240:
148:
147:
127:
117:
54:
38:Temporal range:
35:Squirrel monkeys
32:
21:
6268:
6267:
6263:
6262:
6261:
6259:
6258:
6257:
6228:
6227:
6222:
6216:
6213:
6202:
6190:
6179:
6174:
6166:
6161:
6153:
6148:
6140:
6135:
6127:
6122:
6114:
6109:
6100:
6099:
6094:
6085:
6084:
6079:
6066:
6058:
6056:
6048:
6043:
6035:
6030:
6022:
6017:
6009:
6004:
5996:
5991:
5983:
5978:
5970:
5965:
5957:
5952:
5944:
5939:
5931:
5926:
5918:
5913:
5905:
5900:
5891:
5890:
5885:
5876:
5875:
5870:
5857:
5847:
5838:
5831:
5807:
5713:
5689:
5665:Chororapithecus
5647:
5634:Pierolapithecus
5626:Hispanopithecus
5585:
5572:
5510:Gigantopithecus
5482:
5428:
5415:
5410:Yuanmoupithecus
5344:
5339:Turkanapithecus
5270:
5265:Samburupithecus
5235:Nacholapithecus
5145:
5132:
5115:
5094:
5062:
5033:Procynocephalus
4920:
4852:Cercopithecinae
4846:
4698:Dolichopithecus
4663:
4635:Nsungwepithecus
4610:
4590:
4573:
4526:Barberapithecus
4504:
4492:Dionysopithecus
4477:
4465:Epipliopithecus
4450:
4428:Krishnapithecus
4415:Pliopithecoidea
4406:
4401:Propliopithecus
4394:Aegyptopithecus
4376:
4348:Oligopithecidae
4339:
4305:
4292:
4275:
4254:
4226:
4154:
4070:
3942:
3917:Proteropithecia
3777:
3747:
3677:
3660:
3655:Ucayalipithecus
3612:
3585:
3560:Parapithecoidea
3551:
3532:Myanmarpithecus
3494:Amphipithecidae
3485:
3480:Phenacopithecus
3448:
3417:
3350:
3337:
3320:
3313:
3301:
3277:
3212:
3153:
3119:
2929:
2809:Anaptomorphinae
2802:
2726:
2686:
2668:
2655:
2623:
2618:
2588:
2583:
2568:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2471:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2387:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2222:
2184:
2178:
2130:Wayback Machine
2115:
2110:
2109:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1825:
1824:
1817:
1808:
1806:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1757:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1736:
1734:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1566:
1562:
1498:
1497:
1488:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1436:
1435:
1428:
1378:
1377:
1370:
1356:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1322:
1321:
1314:
1284:
1283:
1276:
1263:
1259:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1225:10.2307/1374677
1210:
1209:
1205:
1195:
1184:
1169:
1147:
1146:
1137:
1132:
1125:
1122:
1113:
1110:
1101:
1098:
1089:
1086:
1077:
1071:
1062:
1015:
1009:
997:
988:
979:
966:androstenedione
940:
897:
849:
829:S. s. sciureus,
812:
798:Saimiri fieldsi
568:
548:
391:
383:
362:Saimiri fieldsi
290:
281:
258:
239:
142:
118:
116:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
49:
48:
47:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6266:
6264:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6230:
6229:
6224:
6223:
6217:September 2024
6193:
6191:
6184:
6176:
6175:
6173:
6172:
6159:
6146:
6133:
6120:
6107:
6092:
6076:
6074:
6068:
6067:
6065:
6064:
6054:
6041:
6028:
6015:
6002:
5989:
5976:
5963:
5950:
5937:
5924:
5911:
5898:
5883:
5867:
5865:
5859:
5858:
5853:
5844:
5843:
5840:
5839:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5817:
5816:
5813:
5812:
5809:
5808:
5806:
5805:
5795:
5791:Sahelanthropus
5784:
5773:
5763:
5756:
5752:Graecopithecus
5745:
5735:
5723:
5721:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5711:
5703:
5697:
5691:
5690:
5688:
5687:
5683:Nakalipithecus
5676:
5669:
5657:
5655:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5645:
5638:
5630:
5622:
5615:
5608:
5600:
5598:
5586:
5581:
5578:
5577:
5574:
5573:
5571:
5570:
5560:
5553:
5543:
5540:Lufengpithecus
5533:
5530:Khoratpithecus
5523:
5513:
5503:
5500:Ankarapithecus
5492:
5490:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5480:
5477:Ouranopithecus
5470:
5467:Nakalipithecus
5460:
5457:Graecopithecus
5450:
5439:
5429:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5417:
5416:
5414:
5413:
5403:
5396:
5389:
5379:
5372:
5365:
5354:
5352:
5346:
5345:
5343:
5342:
5335:
5328:
5321:
5318:Rangwapithecus
5314:
5306:
5303:Nyanzapithecus
5299:
5291:
5288:Dendropithecus
5283:
5281:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5258:
5248:
5238:
5228:
5225:Morotopithecus
5218:
5208:
5204:Kamoyapithecus
5197:
5194:Griphopithecus
5187:
5177:
5167:
5156:
5146:
5141:
5134:
5133:
5128:
5121:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5090:
5084:
5082:
5072:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5053:
5050:Soromandrillus
5043:
5036:
5026:
5016:
5006:
4996:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4948:
4938:
4930:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4908:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4880:
4873:
4870:Allenopithecus
4865:
4863:
4861:Cercopithecini
4854:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4844:
4841:Trachypithecus
4837:
4830:
4823:
4813:
4806:
4796:
4789:
4782:
4775:
4768:
4758:
4748:
4741:
4731:
4721:
4711:
4701:
4691:
4684:
4673:
4671:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4658:Zaltanpithecus
4654:
4647:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4621:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4597:
4591:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4514:
4512:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4502:
4495:
4487:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4468:
4460:
4458:
4456:Pliopithecidae
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4438:
4431:
4423:
4417:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4397:
4389:
4387:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4367:
4360:
4352:
4350:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4327:
4316:
4306:
4301:
4294:
4293:
4288:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4276:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4250:
4244:
4242:
4232:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4217:
4207:
4200:
4197:Leontopithecus
4193:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4164:
4162:
4160:Callitrichidae
4156:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4145:
4138:
4128:
4118:
4108:
4098:
4091:
4080:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4058:
4048:
4038:
4028:
4021:
4011:
4004:
3994:
3984:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3952:
3950:
3944:
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3941:
3940:
3930:
3920:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3886:
3876:
3866:
3856:
3846:
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3832:
3822:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3787:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3765:
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3725:
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3705:
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3673:
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3669:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3622:
3620:
3618:Parapithecidae
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3603:
3600:Proteopithecus
3595:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3576:
3568:
3562:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3549:
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3528:
3521:
3514:
3506:
3498:
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3476:
3469:
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3459:
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3449:
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3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3404:
3393:
3383:
3373:
3361:
3351:
3346:
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3338:
3333:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3264:
3257:
3247:
3244:Hesperotarsius
3237:
3230:
3222:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3197:
3186:
3175:
3169:
3159:
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3144:
3137:
3129:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
3002:Gunnelltarsius
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2941:
2939:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2868:Pseudotetonius
2864:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2822:
2814:
2812:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2736:
2734:
2732:Microchoerinae
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2702:
2693:
2687:
2677:
2670:
2669:
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2574:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2557:
2548:
2539:
2530:
2521:
2512:
2508:S. boliviensis
2502:
2500:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2460:
2451:
2442:
2438:S. libidinosus
2433:
2424:
2415:
2405:
2403:
2389:
2388:
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2376:
2367:
2358:
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2114:
2113:External links
2111:
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2107:
2048:
2036:
2006:
1951:
1908:
1877:(4): 793–799.
1857:
1815:
1764:
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1677:
1658:(B): 426–435.
1641:
1634:
1612:
1577:
1560:
1503:(2009-09-16).
1501:Neitz, Maureen
1486:
1467:(4): 465–470.
1448:
1439:Primate Report
1426:
1391:(3): 285–291.
1368:
1346:
1339:
1312:
1274:
1266:"The Saimiri."
1257:
1238:
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1061:
1058:
1008:
1005:
996:
993:
987:
986:Osmoregulation
984:
978:
975:
949:S. boliviensis
939:
936:
896:
893:
889:pseudo-penises
859:Totenkopfaffen
848:
845:
841:S. s. sciureus
833:S. s. macrodon
821:S. boliviensis
811:
808:
807:
806:
805:
804:
803:
802:
793:
778:Fossil species
775:
774:
773:
764:
763:
762:
756:
738:S. boliviensis
735:
734:
733:
724:
715:
706:
705:
704:
695:
690:
676:
675:
674:
665:
585:S. boliviensis
567:
564:
547:
544:
534:are listed as
513:osmoregulation
469:ranges in the
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6194:This article
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5925:
5921:
5916:
5912:
5908:
5903:
5899:
5894:
5888:
5884:
5879:
5873:
5869:
5868:
5866:
5864:
5860:
5856:
5851:
5835:
5804:
5803:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5785:
5782:
5781:
5774:
5772:
5771:
5770:Kenyanthropus
5764:
5762:
5761:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5746:
5744:
5743:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5725:
5724:
5722:
5720:
5716:
5710:
5709:
5705:
5704:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5692:
5685:
5684:
5677:
5675:
5674:
5670:
5667:
5666:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5654:
5650:
5644:
5643:
5639:
5636:
5635:
5631:
5628:
5627:
5623:
5621:
5620:
5616:
5614:
5613:
5609:
5607:
5606:
5605:Anoiapithecus
5602:
5601:
5599:
5597:
5596:Dryopithecini
5590:
5587:
5584:
5579:
5569:
5568:
5561:
5559:
5558:
5554:
5552:
5551:
5544:
5542:
5541:
5534:
5532:
5531:
5524:
5522:
5521:
5514:
5512:
5511:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5494:
5493:
5491:
5489:
5485:
5479:
5478:
5471:
5469:
5468:
5461:
5459:
5458:
5451:
5449:
5448:
5441:
5440:
5437:
5433:
5430:
5427:
5422:
5412:
5411:
5404:
5402:
5401:
5397:
5395:
5394:
5390:
5388:
5387:
5380:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5371:
5370:
5366:
5364:
5363:
5356:
5355:
5353:
5351:
5347:
5341:
5340:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5327:
5326:
5325:Rukwapithecus
5322:
5320:
5319:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5307:
5305:
5304:
5300:
5297:
5296:
5295:Micropithecus
5292:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5284:
5282:
5280:
5273:
5267:
5266:
5259:
5257:
5256:
5249:
5247:
5246:
5245:Otavipithecus
5239:
5237:
5236:
5229:
5227:
5226:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5215:Kenyapithecus
5209:
5206:
5205:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5188:
5186:
5185:
5178:
5176:
5175:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5158:
5157:
5154:
5150:
5147:
5144:
5139:
5135:
5131:
5126:
5122:
5113:
5088:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5059:
5058:
5057:Theropithecus
5054:
5052:
5051:
5044:
5042:
5041:
5037:
5035:
5034:
5027:
5025:
5024:
5023:Procercocebus
5017:
5015:
5014:
5007:
5005:
5004:
4997:
4995:
4994:
4987:
4985:
4984:
4980:
4978:
4977:
4973:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4957:
4956:
4955:Gorgopithecus
4949:
4947:
4946:
4939:
4937:
4936:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4909:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4884:Cercopithecus
4881:
4879:
4878:
4877:Allochrocebus
4874:
4872:
4871:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4849:
4843:
4842:
4838:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4827:Semnopithecus
4824:
4822:
4821:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4810:Rhinopithecus
4807:
4805:
4804:
4797:
4795:
4794:
4790:
4788:
4787:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4765:Parapresbytis
4759:
4757:
4756:
4749:
4747:
4746:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4708:Kuseracolobus
4702:
4700:
4699:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4670:
4666:
4660:
4659:
4655:
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4652:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4640:
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4607:
4606:
4599:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4584:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4554:Laccopithecus
4551:
4549:
4548:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4540:Egarapithecus
4537:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4521:
4520:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4501:
4500:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4467:
4466:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4453:
4447:
4446:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4425:
4424:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4386:
4379:
4373:
4372:
4371:Talahpithecus
4368:
4366:
4365:
4364:Oligopithecus
4361:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4349:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4324:Micropithecus
4318:
4317:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4286:
4282:
4273:
4248:
4247:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4192:
4191:
4187:
4185:
4184:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4173:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4067:
4066:
4059:
4057:
4056:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4045:Protopithecus
4039:
4037:
4036:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4022:
4020:
4019:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3938:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3907:Plecturocebus
3904:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3883:Miocallicebus
3877:
3875:
3874:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3671:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3546:Siamopithecus
3543:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3510:Bugtipithecus
3507:
3505:
3504:
3503:Amphipithecus
3500:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3426:Afrotarsiidae
3420:
3413:
3412:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3390:Aseanpithecus
3384:
3382:
3381:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3317:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3273:
3272:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3234:Cephalopachus
3231:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3208:
3206:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3193:Afrotarsiidae
3187:
3185:
3184:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3125:Tarkadectinae
3122:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2995:Ekwiiyemakius
2992:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2946:Ageitodendron
2943:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2826:Anaptomorphus
2823:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2582:
2581:
2575:
2565:
2563:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2468:
2466:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2363:C. versicolor
2359:
2357:
2355:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2336:C. malitiosus
2332:
2330:
2328:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2068:(8): 2545–9.
2067:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2049:
2039:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2010:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1955:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1924:(7): e23139.
1923:
1919:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1838:(3): 736–45.
1837:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1768:
1765:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1690:
1681:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1645:
1642:
1637:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1616:
1613:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1561:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1168:0-801-88221-4
1164:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1153:Wilson, D. E.
1150:
1149:Groves, C. P.
1144:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1129:
1120:
1115:
1108:
1103:
1096:
1091:
1084:
1079:
1076:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1018:Colour vision
1014:
1007:Colour vision
1006:
1004:
1001:
994:
992:
985:
983:
976:
974:
971:
967:
963:
958:
954:
950:
946:
937:
931:
927:
925:
920:
918:
914:
908:
906:
902:
894:
892:
890:
885:
881:
878:
872:
866:
865:dödskalleapor
860:
855:
846:
844:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
817:
809:
800:
799:
794:
791:
787:
786:
781:
780:
779:
776:
772:
768:
765:
761:
757:
755:
751:
750:
749:
745:
742:
741:
739:
736:
732:
728:
725:
723:
722:Saimiri ustus
719:
716:
714:
710:
707:
703:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
684:
680:
677:
673:
669:
666:
664:
660:
657:
656:
655:
651:
648:
647:
645:
642:
641:
640:
639:
634:
633:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
607:
603:
602:
597:
592:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
565:
560:
556:
552:
545:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
516:
514:
510:
505:
503:
499:
494:
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
459:South America
456:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
420:
416:of the genus
415:
411:
403:
392:Stirton, 1951
390:
387:
382:
379:
378:
376:
373:
369:
364:
363:
358:
356:
355:
350:
348:
347:
343:
341:
340:
339:Saimiri ustus
336:
334:
333:
329:
327:
326:
322:
320:
319:
315:
313:
312:
308:
306:
305:
301:
300:
298:
293:
289:
285:
280:
279:
278:Simia sciurea
274:
271:
267:
262:
257:
256:
252:
249:
248:
244:, 1912 (1900)
243:
238:
235:
232:
231:
228:
225:
222:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
201:
198:
195:
192:
191:
188:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
146:
141:
137:
134:
130:
126:
121:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
53:
45:
41:
33:
30:
19:
6214:
6195:
6071:
5862:
5802:Paranthropus
5800:
5789:
5778:
5768:
5758:
5750:
5740:
5731:Ardipithecus
5729:
5706:
5681:
5671:
5663:
5642:Rudapithecus
5640:
5632:
5624:
5619:Dryopithecus
5617:
5610:
5603:
5567:Sivapithecus
5565:
5555:
5550:Meganthropus
5548:
5538:
5528:
5520:Indopithecus
5518:
5508:
5498:
5475:
5465:
5455:
5445:
5408:
5400:Symphalangus
5398:
5391:
5384:
5374:
5367:
5362:Bunopithecus
5360:
5337:
5330:
5323:
5316:
5310:Oreopithecus
5308:
5301:
5293:
5286:
5263:
5253:
5243:
5233:
5223:
5213:
5202:
5192:
5182:
5172:
5164:Afropithecus
5162:
5055:
5048:
5038:
5031:
5021:
5011:
5001:
4991:
4981:
4974:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4945:Dinopithecus
4943:
4933:
4915:Nanopithecus
4913:
4903:
4898:Erythrocebus
4896:
4889:
4882:
4875:
4868:
4839:
4832:
4825:
4818:
4808:
4803:Rhinocolobus
4801:
4791:
4784:
4777:
4772:Piliocolobus
4770:
4763:
4753:
4743:
4738:Microcolobus
4736:
4728:Mesopithecus
4726:
4718:Libypithecus
4716:
4706:
4696:
4686:
4679:
4656:
4649:
4643:Prohylobates
4641:
4633:
4628:Noropithecus
4626:
4603:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4510:Crouzeliidae
4497:
4490:
4472:Pliopithecus
4470:
4463:
4443:
4433:
4426:
4399:
4392:
4369:
4362:
4357:Catopithecus
4355:
4332:
4322:
4219:
4212:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4147:
4141:
4140:
4133:
4123:
4113:
4105:Dolichocebus
4103:
4093:
4086:
4063:
4053:
4043:
4033:
4023:
4016:
4006:
3999:
3989:
3979:
3969:
3962:
3955:
3935:
3925:
3915:
3905:
3898:
3891:
3881:
3873:Mazzonicebus
3871:
3861:
3851:
3841:
3834:
3829:Cebupithecia
3827:
3817:
3807:
3800:
3795:Antillothrix
3793:
3770:
3760:
3740:
3730:
3720:
3710:
3702:Perupithecus
3700:
3690:
3653:
3646:
3641:Parapithecus
3639:
3632:
3625:
3605:
3598:
3578:
3571:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3508:
3501:
3478:
3471:
3464:
3441:
3434:
3411:Phileosimias
3409:
3398:
3388:
3378:
3369:Altiatlasius
3367:
3271:Xanthorhysis
3269:
3259:
3254:Oligotarsius
3252:
3242:
3232:
3225:
3202:
3191:
3181:
3167:Tarsiiformes
3146:
3139:
3132:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3042:
3035:
3030:Macrotarsius
3028:
3021:
3014:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2882:Strigorhysis
2880:
2875:Sphacorhysis
2873:
2866:
2859:
2854:Chlororhysis
2852:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2755:Microchoerus
2753:
2746:
2739:
2719:
2712:
2706:Altiatlasius
2704:
2696:
2578:
2562:S. vanzolini
2561:
2552:
2543:
2534:
2525:
2516:
2507:
2490:
2489:
2480:
2464:
2455:
2446:
2437:
2428:
2419:
2410:
2392:
2381:C. castaneus
2380:
2371:
2362:
2353:
2345:C. olivaceus
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2290:
2281:
2273:C. capucinus
2272:
2263:
2255:C. albifrons
2254:
2236:
2120:
2065:
2061:
2051:
2041:, retrieved
2019:
2009:
1971:(1): 13–21.
1968:
1964:
1954:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1874:
1871:Reproduction
1870:
1860:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1807:. Retrieved
1785:
1781:
1767:
1756:. Retrieved
1746:
1735:. Retrieved
1725:
1698:
1694:
1688:
1680:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1623:
1615:
1596:
1590:
1580:
1563:
1512:
1508:
1464:
1460:
1442:
1438:
1388:
1384:
1362:
1325:
1296:
1290:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1197:
1157:
1054:gene therapy
1052:. Recently,
1050:trichromatic
1026:X chromosome
1016:
998:
989:
980:
962:testosterone
956:
948:
944:
941:
938:Reproduction
921:
909:
898:
886:
882:
854:death's head
850:
840:
837:S. oerstedii
836:
832:
828:
825:S. oerstedii
824:
820:
813:
796:
783:
770:
759:
753:
747:
737:
730:
721:
712:
701:
692:
687:
682:
671:
662:
653:
643:
637:
635:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
599:
595:
593:
588:
584:
576:
569:
517:
506:
495:
491:
475:S. oerstedii
474:
452:
447:
443:
439:
435:
427:
423:
418:
417:
409:
408:
388:
380:
360:
352:
344:
337:
330:
323:
316:
309:
302:
276:
270:Type species
254:
253:
236:
213:Infraorder:
50:13.8–0
29:
6102:Saimiriinae
6096:Wikispecies
6072:Saimiriinae
5967:iNaturalist
5887:Wikispecies
5350:Hylobatidae
5040:Rungwecebus
4905:Miopithecus
4891:Chlorocebus
4820:Sawecolobus
4755:Paracolobus
4519:Anapithecus
4435:Paidopithex
4190:Leontocebus
4125:Panamacebus
4035:Paralouatta
3971:Brachyteles
3863:Insulacebus
3783:Pitheciidae
3722:Canaanimico
3675:Platyrrhini
3627:Abuqatrania
3443:Afrotarsius
3348:Simiiformes
3335:Simiiformes
3287:Simiiformes
3141:Tarkadectes
2981:Diablomomys
2960:Brontomomys
2896:Teilhardina
2840:Arapahovius
2833:Anemorhysis
2797:Vectipithex
2790:Quercyloris
2783:Pseudoloris
2762:Nannopithex
2748:Melaneremia
2544:S. sciureus
2535:S. oerstedi
2526:S. collinsi
2481:Saimiriinae
2456:S. robustus
2447:S. nigritus
2354:C. unicolor
2309:C. imitator
2291:C. cuscinus
2264:C. brunneus
1701:: 436–454.
1219:(1): 1–17.
1075:Phoenix Zoo
1042:dichromatic
1000:Cooperation
877:smrtoglavka
847:Description
816:Pleistocene
790:Honda Group
644:S. sciureus
625:S. macrodon
613:S. sciureus
577:S. sciureus
428:Saimiriinae
237:Saimiriinae
233:Subfamily:
217:Simiiformes
6232:Categories
6198:categories
5184:Equatorius
5143:Hominoidea
5130:Hominoidea
5089:see below↓
5080:Hominoidea
4976:Mandrillus
4962:Lophocebus
4935:Cercocebus
4786:Procolobus
4547:Fanchangia
4303:Catarrhini
4290:Catarrhini
4249:see below↓
4240:Catarrhini
4176:Callithrix
4115:Killikaike
4018:Mohanamico
4001:Chilecebus
3927:Soriacebus
3893:Nuciruptor
3853:Homunculus
3843:Chiropotes
3836:Cheracebus
3819:Carlocebus
3809:Callicebus
3772:Tremacebus
3742:Lagonimico
3732:Branisella
3712:Szalatavus
3539:Pondaungia
3457:Eosimiidae
3296:see below↓
3183:Archicebus
3065:Shoshonius
3009:Hemiacodon
2988:Dyseolemur
2974:Chumashius
2917:Trogolemur
2910:Tetonoides
2819:Absarokius
2769:Necrolemur
2714:Bownomomys
2666:Haplorhini
2621:Haplorhini
2429:S. flavius
2372:C. yuracus
2318:C. kaapori
2218:Haplorhini
2216:Suborder:
2043:2021-04-01
1809:2019-01-13
1774:Defler, T.
1758:2019-01-12
1737:2019-01-12
1329:. p.
1254:: 173–174.
1130:References
1034:wavelength
1011:See also:
862:, Swedish
555:Miss Baker
536:vulnerable
524:threatened
483:Costa Rica
479:disjunctly
467:allopatric
463:parapatric
440:çai-mbirín
389:Neosaimiri
381:Laventiana
207:Haplorhini
203:Suborder:
6087:Q19816405
5653:Gorillini
5583:Homininae
5426:Hominidae
5376:Hylobates
5255:Proconsul
5013:Pliopapio
5003:Parapapio
4926:Papionini
4793:Pygathrix
4779:Presbytis
4669:Colobinae
4568:Pliobates
4533:Crouzelia
4334:Saadanius
4169:Callimico
4088:Acrecebus
4065:Stirtonia
4008:Lagothrix
3991:Cartelles
3937:Xenothrix
3692:Parvimico
3218:Tarsiidae
3205:Omomyidae
3100:Washakius
3086:Uintanius
3037:Nesomomys
2967:Chipetaia
2953:Asiomomys
2936:Omomyinae
2889:Tatmanius
2847:Aycrossia
2776:Paraloris
2741:Indusomys
2683:Omomyidae
2631:Kingdom:
2411:S. apella
2282:C. cesare
2192:Kingdom:
2139:View the
2123:Factsheet
1985:0340-5443
1938:1098-2345
1788:: 59–64.
1752:"Saimiri"
1731:"Saimiri"
1537:0028-0836
1405:1098-2345
953:Menopause
924:omnivores
810:Evolution
477:is found
436:sai-mirím
163:Kingdom:
157:Eukaryota
46:to recent
6205:help out
6142:12100283
6081:Wikidata
6011:12100284
5872:Wikidata
5719:Hominina
5695:Hominini
5612:Danuvius
5488:Ponginae
5447:Buronius
5393:Nomascus
5332:Simiolus
4221:Saguinus
4183:Cebuella
4135:Patasola
4055:Solimoea
3957:Alouatta
3948:Atelidae
3900:Pithecia
3648:Qatrania
3573:Arsinoea
3473:Eosimias
3107:Wyomomys
3072:Steinius
3058:Rooneyia
3016:Jemezius
2924:Walshina
2903:Tetonius
2861:Gazinius
2721:Kohatius
2698:Altanius
2651:Primates
2645:Mammalia
2639:Chordata
2637:Phylum:
2633:Animalia
2580:Category
2553:S. ustus
2212:Primates
2206:Mammalia
2200:Chordata
2198:Phylum:
2194:Animalia
2126:Archived
2001:23241941
1946:32333419
1903:19656956
1852:21443955
1804:85881653
1776:(2009).
1717:25305518
1672:25451802
1555:19759534
1481:12458596
1461:Primates
1421:83608106
1413:31973444
1359:"Ch. 77"
1177:62265494
1151:(2005).
905:arboreal
868:, Dutch
566:Taxonomy
530:and the
498:hormones
473:, while
434:origin (
372:Synonyms
295:Species
284:Linnaeus
223:Family:
197:Primates
187:Mammalia
177:Chordata
173:Phylum:
167:Animalia
153:Domain:
44:Laventan
6243:Cebidae
6203:Please
5985:1022051
5959:2436659
5907:Saimiri
5893:Saimiri
5878:Q309200
5863:Saimiri
5780:Orrorin
5673:Gorilla
5369:Hoolock
4745:Nasalis
4688:Colobus
4214:Micodon
4149:Sapajus
4142:Saimiri
4076:Cebidae
4025:Oreonax
3981:Caipora
3802:Cacajao
3753:Aotidae
3634:Apidium
3607:Serapia
3580:Biretia
3466:Bahinia
3436:Afrasia
3400:Nosmips
3380:Amamria
3261:Tarsius
3227:Carlito
3148:Tarkops
3114:Yaquius
3079:Stockia
3051:Ourayia
3023:Loveina
2649:Order:
2643:Class:
2491:Saimiri
2394:Sapajus
2228:Cebinae
2210:Order:
2204:Class:
2182:Cebidae
2145:Ensembl
2121:Saimiri
2102:3470811
2070:Bibcode
1993:4600051
1894:7723027
1828:Saimiri
1689:Saimiri
1546:2782927
1517:Bibcode
1233:1374677
1198:Saimiri
1073:At the
1060:Gallery
1046:alleles
913:falcons
901:diurnal
843:clade.
819:answer.
638:Saimiri
587:group.
538:by the
455:Central
442:, with
424:Saimiri
419:Saimiri
255:Saimiri
250:Genus:
227:Cebidae
193:Order:
183:Class:
40:Miocene
18:Saimiri
6168:336997
6155:378850
6129:943800
6060:108963
6057:uBio:
6037:842872
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968:, and
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740:group
646:group
636:Genus
573:Gothic
487:Panama
471:Amazon
263:, 1831
242:Miller
6116:628NK
6050:92616
5980:IRMNG
5972:43423
5946:41552
5557:Pongo
5386:Junzi
4983:Papio
4095:Cebus
3762:Aotus
3134:Tarka
2238:Cebus
1997:S2CID
1989:JSTOR
1800:S2CID
1477:S2CID
1417:S2CID
1229:JSTOR
1022:genes
581:Roman
448:mirím
261:Voigt
6150:NCBI
6124:ITIS
6024:9520
6019:NCBI
5993:ITIS
5954:GBIF
5933:7BQ9
5920:6876
5915:BOLD
5760:Homo
4445:Kapi
4204:Mico
2098:PMID
2032:ISBN
1981:ISSN
1942:PMID
1934:ISSN
1899:PMID
1848:PMID
1713:PMID
1668:PMID
1630:ISBN
1597:2008
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1268:In:
1173:OCLC
1163:ISBN
903:and
827:and
540:IUCN
518:The
485:and
457:and
432:Tupi
412:are
288:1758
58:PreꞒ
6207:by
6137:MSW
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5941:EoL
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2078:doi
2024:doi
1973:doi
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