Friedrich Hölderlin - Knowledge (XXG)

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too large a share had been allotted to Hölderlin, and unsuccessfully tried to have the will overturned in court. Neither of them attended his funeral in 1843 nor did his childhood friends, Hegel (as he had died roughly a decade prior) and Schelling, who had long since ignored him; the Zimmer family were his only mourners. His inheritance, including the patrimony left to him by his father when he was two, had been kept from him by his mother and was untouched and continually accruing interest. He died a rich man, but did not know it.

606: 818: 1059:). For the first time, Hölderlin's hymnic drafts and fragments were published and it became possible to gain some overview of his work in the years between 1800 and 1807, which had been only sparsely covered in earlier editions. The Berlin edition and von Hellingrath's advocacy led to Hölderlin posthumously receiving the recognition that had always eluded him in life. As a result, Hölderlin has been recognized since 1913 as one of the greatest poets ever to write in the 279: 5499: 1067: 961:

later versions (and some later poems) are fragmentary, but they have astonishing intensity. He seems sometimes also to have considered the fragments, even with unfinished lines and incomplete sentence-structure, to be poems in themselves. This obsessive revising and his stand-alone fragments were once considered evidence of his mental disorder, but they were to prove very influential on later poets such as

2100:"Because of his small philosophical output, it is important to indicate in what way Hölderlin's ideas have influenced his contemporaries and later thinkers. It was Hölderlin whose ideas showed Hegel that he could not continue to work on the applications of philosophy to politics without first addressing certain theoretical issues. In 1801, this led Hegel to move to Jena where he was to write the 1139:), which began to be published in 1943 and eventually saw completion in 1986. This undertaking was much more rigorous in textual criticism than the Berlin Edition and solved many issues of interpretation raised by Hölderlin's unfinished and undated texts (sometimes several versions of the same poem with major differences). Meanwhile, a third complete edition, the Frankfurt Critical Edition ( 43: 645:. In 1789, Hölderlin broke off his engagement with Luise Nast, writing to her: "I wish you happiness if you choose one more worthy than me, and then surely you will understand that you could never have been happy with your morose, ill-humoured, and sickly friend," and expressed his desire to transfer out and study law but succumbed to pressure from his mother to remain in the Stift. 2861: 894: 806:. After two years in Nürtingen, Hölderlin was taken to the court of Homburg by Isaac von Sinclair, who found a sinecure for him as court librarian, but in 1805 von Sinclair was denounced as a conspirator and tried for treason. Hölderlin was in danger of being tried too but was declared mentally unfit to stand trial. On 11 September 1806, he was delivered into the clinic at 862: 2125:"Hegel is completely dependent on Hölderlin—on his early efforts to grasp speculatively the course of human life and the unity of its conflicts, on the vividness with which Hölderlin's friends made his insight fully convincing, and also certainly on the integrity with which Hölderlin sought to use that insight to preserve his own inwardly torn life." Dieter Henrich, 890:, was little known or understood during his lifetime, and slipped into obscurity shortly after his death; his illness and reclusion made him fade from his contemporaries' consciousness—and, even though selections of his work were published by his friends during his lifetime, it was largely ignored for the rest of the 19th century. 434:, before resuming his career as a tutor. He struggled to establish himself as a poet, and was plagued by mental illness. He was sent to a clinic in 1806 but deemed incurable and instead given lodging by a carpenter, Ernst Zimmer. He spent the final 36 years of his life in Zimmer's residence, and died in 1843 at the age of 73. 869:

In the tower, Hölderlin continued to write poetry of a simplicity and formality quite unlike what he had been writing up to 1805. As time went on he became a minor tourist attraction and was visited by curious travelers and autograph-hunters. Often he would play the piano or spontaneously write short

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When my second father died, whose love for me I shall never forget, when I felt, with an incomprehensible pain, my orphaned state and saw, each day, your grief and tears, it was then that my soul took on, for the first time, this heaviness that has never left and that could only grow more severe with

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style—dependent as it is on a genuine belief in the divine—creates a deeply personal fusion of Greek mythic figures and romantic mysticism about nature, which can appear both strange and enticing, his shorter and sometimes more fragmentary poems have exerted wide influence too on later German poets,

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in 1826. However, Uhland and Schwab omitted anything they suspected might be "touched by insanity", which included much of Hölderlin's fragmented works. A copy of this collection was given to Hölderlin, but later was stolen by an autograph-hunter. A second, enlarged edition with a biographical essay

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In the years after his return from Bordeaux, he completed some of his greatest poems but also, once they were finished, returned to them repeatedly, creating new and stranger versions sometimes in several layers on the same manuscript, which makes the editing of his works troublesome. Some of these

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In the great poems of his maturity, Hölderlin would generally adopt a large-scale, expansive and unrhymed style. Together with these long hymns, odes and elegies—which included "Der Archipelagus" ("The Archipelago"), "Brod und Wein" ("Bread and Wine") and "Patmos"—he also cultivated a crisper, more

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Hölderlin's own family did not financially support him but petitioned successfully for his upkeep to be paid by the state. His mother and sister never visited him, and his stepbrother did so only once. His mother died in 1828: his sister and stepbrother quarreled over the inheritance, arguing that

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from 1798 to 1800, meeting Susette in secret once a month and attempting to establish himself as a poet, but his life was plagued by financial worries and he had to accept a small allowance from his mother. His mandated separation from Susette Gontard also worsened Hölderlin's doubts about himself

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Hölderlin was also a thinker who wrote, fragmentarily, on poetic theory and philosophical matters. His theoretical works, such as the essays "Das Werden im Vergehen" ("Becoming in Dissolution") and "Urteil und Sein" ("Judgement and Being") are insightful and important if somewhat tortuous and

569:, and took tentative steps in composing his own verses. The earliest known letter of Hölderlin's is dated 1784 and addressed to his former tutor Nathanael Köstlin. In the letter, Hölderlin hinted at his wavering faith in Christianity and anxiety about his mental state. 1119:

heralded the beginning of a new appreciation of Hölderlin's late work. Although his hymns can hardly be imitated, they have become a powerful influence on modern poetry in German and other languages, and are sometimes cited as the very crown of German lyric poetry.

540:, who was five years Hölderlin's junior. On account of the age difference, Schelling was "subjected to universal teasing" and Hölderlin protected him from abuse by older students. Also during this time, Hölderlin began playing the piano and developed an interest in 494:. He was the first child of Johanna Christiana Heyn (1748—1828) and Heinrich Friedrich Hölderlin (1736—1772). His father, the manager of a church estate, died when he was two years old, and Friedrich and his sister, Heinrike, were brought up by their mother. 505:

of Nürtingen, and Hölderlin's half-brother, Karl Christoph Friedrich Gok, was born. In 1779, Johann Gok died at the age of 30. Hölderlin later expressed how his childhood was scarred by grief and sorrow, writing in a 1799 correspondence with his mother:

1514:..." as well as its constituent solo pieces each named "... aus freier Lust ... verbunden ...". In 2020, as part of the German celebration of Hölderlin's 250th birthday, Chris Jarrett composed his "Sechs Hölderlin Lieder" for baritone and piano. 728:, the wife of his employer, the banker Jakob Gontard. The feeling was mutual, and this relationship became the most important in Hölderlin's life. After a while, their affair was discovered, and Hölderlin was harshly dismissed. He then lived in 1434:. In 2020, for the 250th anniversary of Hölderlin's birth, the American composaer Chris Jarrett wrote "Sechs Hölderlin Lieder" for baritone and piano. They have been recorded on the DaVinci Classics label and are available in print as well. 791:(where he saw authentic Greek sculptures, as opposed to Roman or modern copies, for the only time in his life). He arrived at his home in Nürtingen both physically and mentally exhausted in late 1802, and learned that Gontard had died from 837:, then a student of medicine, was assigned to look after Hölderlin. The following year Hölderlin was discharged as incurable and given three years to live, but was taken in by the carpenter Ernst Zimmer (a cultured man, who had read 676:

After he obtained his magister degree in 1793, his mother expected him to enter the ministry. However, Hölderlin found no satisfaction in the prevailing Protestant theology, and worked instead as a private tutor. In 1794, he met

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roommates Hegel and Schelling, and, though his poetry was never "theory-driven", the interpretation and exegesis of some of his more difficult poems have given rise to profound philosophical speculation by thinkers such as

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were published but were generally met with derision over their apparent artificiality and difficulty, which according to his critics were caused by transposing Greek idioms into German. However, 20th-century theorists of

2077: 1989:, English and French metered translations by Claude Neuman, trilingual German-English-French edition, Editions www.ressouvenances.fr, 2020 ; bilingual German-English edition : Edwin Mellen Press, 2022 1983:, English and French metered translations by Claude Neuman, trilingual German-English-French edition, Editions www.ressouvenances.fr, 2019 ; bilingual German-English edition : Edwin Mellen Press, 2022 733:

and his value as a poet; he wished to transform German culture but did not have the influence he needed. From 1797 to 1800, he produced three versions—all unfinished—of a tragedy in the Greek manner,

422:, where he was friends with Hegel and Schelling. He graduated in 1793 but could not devote himself to the Christian faith, instead becoming a tutor. Two years later, he briefly attended the 5185: 602:

in a rational way, since he was for so many years the magic cloud in which the good god of my youth enveloped me so that I would not see too soon the pettiness and barbarity of the world."

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Hölderlin began his education in 1776, and his mother planned for him to join the Lutheran church. In preparation for entrance exams into a monastery, he received additional instruction in

1977:, Hölderlin's late contemplative poems, English and French rhymed and metered translations by Claude Neuman, trilingual German-English-French edition, Editions www.ressouvenances.fr, 2017 6927: 6922: 2104:.... Schelling's early work amounts to a development of Hölderlin's concept of Being in terms of a notion of a prior identity of thought and object in his Philosophy of Identity." 798:

At his home in Nürtingen with his mother, a devout Christian, Hölderlin melded his Hellenism with Christianity and sought to unite ancient values with modern life; in his elegy

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whose form and spirit draw strongly on the hymns and elegies of Hölderlin. Rilke had met von Hellingrath a few years earlier and had seen some of the hymn drafts, and the

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extended for generations up to and including the time when Hegel, together with his friends Hölderlin and Schelling, spent quiet hours strolling along the banks of the

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Francesco Alfieri, "Il Parmenide e lo Hölderlin di Heidegger. L'"altro inizio" come alternativa al dominio della soggettività", in Aquinas 60 (2017), pp. 151–163.

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in 1786. There he fell in love with Luise Nast, the daughter of the monastery's administrator, and began to doubt his desire to join the ministry; he composed

1382: 991:, which was issued in two volumes (1797 and 1799). Various individual poems were published but attracted little attention. In 1799 he produced a periodical, 2312: 5674: 5535: 2146:

receiving the theological education they would eventually challenge and transform through the grand tradition now known as German Idealism." Alan Olson,

465:, upon whom Hölderlin had a great influence, said: "Hölderlin is one of our greatest, that is, most impending thinkers because he is our greatest poet." 6917: 874:("The Lines of Life"), which he wrote out for his carer Zimmer on a piece of wood) have a piercing beauty and have been set to music by many composers. 6952: 6932: 5788: 3013: 1667: 717:"). Although the document is in Hegel's handwriting, it is thought to have been written by Hegel, Schelling, Hölderlin, or an unknown fourth person. 913:

were not the plaster figures of conventional classicism, but wonderfully life-giving actual presences, yet at the same time terrifying. Much later,

811: 849:, after the poet's 36-year-long stay in the room. His residence in the building made up the second half of his life and is also referred to as the 4019: 60: 656:, his commitment to the principles of 1789 remained intense. Hölderlin's republican sympathies influenced many of his most famous works such as 6902: 6897: 6882: 6801: 5798: 2890:

Selective list of Hölderlin's poems in German, with linked texts – contains most of his major finished poems up to 1804, but not complete

2607:(IHB). Hrsg. vom Hölderlin-Archiv der Württembergischen Landesbibliothek Stuttgart. Bearb. Von Werner Paul Sohnle und Marianne Schütz, online 1055:, publish the first two volumes of what eventually became a six-volume edition of Hölderlin's poems, prose and letters (the "Berlin Edition", 5444: 3097: 2792: 2770: 2744: 2702: 2683: 2658: 2643: 2480: 2453: 2320: 2247: 2085: 2032: 1963: 1946: 1929: 1908: 1887: 1870: 1857: 1840: 1802: 1782: 1765: 1748: 1735: 1722: 1705: 5115: 3537: 2948: 1128: 633:

and Schelling. It has been speculated that it was Hölderlin who, during their time in Tübingen, brought to Hegel's attention the ideas of

3942: 2601:(IHB). Hrsg. vom Hölderlin-Archiv der Württembergischen Landesbibliothek Stuttgart. 1804–1983. Bearb. Von Maria Kohler. Stuttgart 1985. 107: 6892: 4957: 537: 404: 79: 5823: 3326: 3168: 2207: 1819: 126: 3922: 418:, Hölderlin had a childhood marked by bereavement. His mother intended for him to enter the Lutheran ministry, and he attended the 5849: 5669: 5593: 3917: 3214: 558: 648:

Along with Hegel and Schelling and his other peers during his time in the Stift, Hölderlin was an enthusiastic supporter of the

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Like Goethe and Schiller, his older contemporaries, Hölderlin was a fervent admirer of ancient Greek culture, but for him the

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in 1916. The fourth volume of the Berlin edition was published posthumously. The Berlin Edition was completed after the

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concise manner in epigrams and couplets, and in short poems like the famous "Hälfte des Lebens" ("The Middle of Life").

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verses for such visitors, pure in versification but almost empty of affect—although a few of these (such as the famous

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and started his formal training for entry into the Lutheran ministry. At Denkendorf, he discovered the poetry of

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Hölderlin's Hymn "The Ister". Trans. William McNeill and Julia Davis. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University, 1996.

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Ed. Rolf Tiedemann. Trans. Shierry Weber Nicholson. New York: Columbia University Press, 1992. pp. 109–149.

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is named after a poem of Hölderlin and deals with the secret relationship between Hölderlin and Susette Gontard.

841:) and given a room in his house in Tübingen, which had been a tower in the old city wall with a view across the 802:("Bread and Wine"), Christ is seen as sequential to the Greek gods, bringing bread from the earth and wine from 5910: 5884: 5745: 5578: 5338: 5160: 5040: 4977: 4743: 4428: 3489: 3219: 2503: 1467: 550: 368: 5110: 4917: 4207: 1123: 1036: 2553: 2528: 1011:

have vindicated them, showing their importance as a new—and greatly influential—model of poetic translation.

6947: 6841: 6723: 6367: 6202: 5735: 5659: 4967: 4872: 4728: 4157: 3983: 3773: 3683: 3163: 2987: 1399: 1044: 1027:, who visited Hölderlin in his tower repeatedly in 1822–23 and depicted him in the protagonist of his novel 735: 664: 491: 392: 181: 4357: 6806: 6620: 6332: 6056: 5730: 5700: 5573: 5449: 5404: 5399: 5095: 4987: 4887: 4774: 4647: 4433: 4398: 4242: 4172: 4111: 3728: 3499: 2308: 1581: 699: 427: 3973: 1610: 763:", a condition that would worsen after his last meeting with Susette Gontard in 1800. After a sojourn in 6372: 6257: 6162: 5946: 5740: 5454: 5419: 5409: 5343: 5170: 5145: 5105: 5055: 4952: 4805: 4652: 4464: 4321: 4262: 4096: 4091: 4045: 3912: 3848: 3798: 3557: 3519: 3204: 3153: 3130: 1549: 1095: 926: 6212: 4637: 4009: 3562: 3484: 3469: 1743:. Trans. James Mitchell. (San Francisco: Hoddypodge, 1978; 2ed San Francisco: Ithuriel's Spear, 2004). 1091: 605: 1144: 100: 6877: 6872: 6831: 6397: 5705: 5502: 5175: 5075: 4992: 4524: 4449: 4227: 4162: 4126: 4004: 3861: 3828: 3808: 3582: 3547: 3249: 3189: 3083: 1561: 1499: 1311: 1299: 1243: 1075: 744: 740: 209: 3958: 6811: 6695: 6327: 6197: 6041: 5778: 5715: 5628: 5434: 5293: 5085: 4997: 4882: 4723: 4601: 4418: 4106: 4101: 3937: 3896: 3743: 3678: 3613: 3572: 3402: 3229: 2063: 1955: 1636:

German director Harald Bergmann has dedicated several works to Hölderlin; these include the movies

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based a concerto-cantate for clarinet, choir, piano & percussion on 3 Hölderlin poems (Teil 1.

1442: 1275: 1021:, two of the longest and most densely charged of his hymns, appeared in a poetic calendar in 1808. 1017: 942: 938: 922: 914: 817: 787:("Remembrance"), one of his greatest poems. In a few months, however, he returned home on foot via 642: 573: 4423: 2199: 1454:(2001) for mixed choir and electronics is based on four of these poems, while more are set in her 1373: 6821: 6402: 6322: 6127: 6006: 5900: 5568: 5563: 5490: 5210: 4972: 4962: 4847: 4738: 4632: 4474: 4336: 4232: 4202: 4192: 4040: 3838: 3527: 3419: 3360: 3138: 2353:

A Search for Unity in Diversity: The "permanent Hegelian Deposit" in the Philosophy of John Dewey

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Poems of Friedrich Holderlin: The Fire of the Gods Drives Us to Set Forth by Day and by Night

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set Hölderlin's verses to music in several of their songs, and many songs of Swedish

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on Luise Nast's recommendation. Hölderlin later wrote a letter to Schiller regarding

545: 450: 2052:. Theory and History of Literature. Vol. 26. U of Minnesota Press. p. 209. 1066: 6836: 6826: 6783: 6640: 6635: 6595: 6545: 6502: 6492: 6487: 6457: 6447: 6442: 6392: 6387: 6312: 6307: 6272: 6267: 6237: 6152: 6117: 6086: 5808: 5333: 5308: 5283: 5250: 5220: 5140: 5100: 5002: 4947: 4857: 4825: 4815: 4800: 4540: 4403: 4393: 4367: 4212: 4167: 3891: 3823: 3813: 3753: 3703: 3648: 3459: 3377: 3348: 3199: 2578: 1938: 1828: 1794: 1633:(respectively for the two films they used the first and third version of the text). 1387: 1315: 1303: 1291: 1217: 1201: 239: 4698: 498: 2866: 2763:

Gestures of Ethical Life: Reading Hölderlin's Question of Measure After Heidegger

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The Myth of Disenchantment: Magic, Modernity, and the Birth of the Human Sciences

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The Myth of Disenchantment: Magic, Modernity, and the Birth of the Human Sciences

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The poetry of Hölderlin, widely recognized today as one of the highest points of

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A Foretaste of Heaven: Friedrich Hölderlin in the Context of Württemberg Pietism

2020: 1365: 1213: 1180: 1156: 1079: 1004: 965:. In his years of madness, Hölderlin would occasionally pencil ingenuous rhymed 937:

in a highly original religious experience. Hölderlin developed an early idea of

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difficult to parse. They raise many of the key problems also addressed by his

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when she married Johann Christoph Gok. Two years later, Johann Gok became the

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Negative Revolution: Modern Political Subject and its Fate After the Cold War

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wrote many piano pieces inspired by individual lines of Hölderlin's poems.

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The Berlin Edition was to some extent superseded by the Stuttgart Edition (

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Brahms's Elegies: The Poetics of Loss in Nineteenth-Century German Culture

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should be fused. He understood and sympathised with the Greek idea of the

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and therefore believed political radicalism and an aesthetic interest in

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Der Gang des Andenkens: Beobachtungen und Gedanken zu Hölderlins Gedicht

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In 1986 and 1988, Danièle Huillet and Jean-Marie Straub shot two films,

5889: 4942: 3693: 3284: 2816:. 2nd Ed. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1983, pp. 246–266. 2139: 1730:. Trans. Christopher Middleton (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1972). 950: 930: 825:) was Hölderlin's place of residence from 1807 until his death in 1843. 776: 703: 431: 381: 2933: 2109: 3387: 2787:, 1961), Translation: Luke Carson, Victoria, BC: ELS Editions, 2007. 2177:

Friedrich Hölderlin: Dichter der bürgerlich-demokratischen Revolution

2143: 1099: 934: 842: 768: 588:'s light" and reach "Klopstock-heights". In 1788, he read Schiller's 585: 525: 454: 308: 2851: 2278:

Hölderlin, Friedrich (2009). Louth, Charlie; Adler, Jeremy (eds.).

1865:. Trans. David Constantine. (Newcastle upon Tyne: Bloodaxe, 2001). 1679: 1122: 1065: 860: 816: 788: 604: 536:, starting in 1782. During this time, he struck a friendship with 529: 486:

Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin was born on 20 March 1770 in

477: 2733:

Josephson-Storm, Jason (2017). "Chapter 3: The Myth of Absence".

917:

would recognize Hölderlin as the poet who first acknowledged the

3343: 2304: 2129:

Ed. Eckart Förster (Stanford: Stanford University, 1997) p. 139.

1694:. Trans. Frederic Prokosch. (Norfolk, CT: New Directions, 1943). 1426:

used Hölderlin's German translations of Sophocles in his operas

1151: 384: 5517: 3079: 2937: 2928:

Friedrich Hölderlin, Homburger Folioheft. Diachrone Darstellung

1474:, for voice and cello based on six of Hölderlin's late poems. 395:

as "the most German of Germans", Hölderlin was a key figure of

3075: 2340:. The German Library. Vol. 22. A&C Black. p. 11. 1502:

take their titles or text from Hölderlin's writing, including

902: 323: 317: 36: 2751:– a chapter devoted to analyzing Hölderlin's relationship to 2025:

The Routledge Dictionary of Pronunciation for Current English

2877: 1814:. (Newcastle upon Tyne: Bloodaxe, 1990; 2ed 1996; 3ed 2018) 1105:

Already in 1912, before the Berlin Edition began to appear,

985:

Hölderlin's major publication in his lifetime was his novel

709:

There is a seminal manuscript, dated 1797, now known as the

2874:(in German, links to English, French, Spanish, and Italian) 2697:. Ed. Eckart Förster. Stanford: Stanford University, 1997. 2425: 2423: 1212:

Hölderlin's poetry has inspired many composers, generating

2719:. Trans. Keith Hoeller. Amherst, NY: Humanity Books, 2000. 767:

at the end of 1800, likely to work on his translations of

2676:

Heidegger, Hölderlin, and the Subject of Poetic Language.

461:, and melded Christian and Hellenic themes in his works. 407:, he was also an important thinker in the development of 352: 2821:

Readings in Interpretation: Hölderlin, Hegel, Heidegger.

2127:

The Course of Remembrance and Other Essays on Hölderlin,

783:, in 1802. His stay in the French city is celebrated in 2695:

The Course of Remembrance and Other Essays on Hölderlin

2194:

The Course of Remembrance and Other Essays on Hölderlin

2050:

Readings in Interpretation: Hölderlin, Hegel, Heidegger

1533:

also contain lyrical references to Hölderlin's poetry.

1228:

One of the earliest settings of Hölderlin's poetry is

821:

The first floor of the yellow tower (now known as the

739:, and composed odes in the vein of the Ancient Greeks 641:, which Hegel would later develop into his concept of 2809:. New York & London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016. 2336:

Hölderlin, Friedrich (1990). Santner, Eric L. (ed.).

2150:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992), p. 39. 1446:, for tenor and orchestra on Hölderlin's late poems; 1143:), began publication in 1975 under the editorship of 1040:

appeared in 1842, the year before Hölderlin's death.

584:

in 1787, in which he states his intention to attain "

326: 30:"Hölderlin" redirects here. For the German band, see 2448:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 88. 1958:. (Albany, NY: State University of New York, 2009). 1777:. (Albany, NY: State University of New York, 1988). 1047:, a member of the literary Circle led by the German 355: 320: 314: 311: 6792: 6709: 6511: 6100: 5919: 5837: 5766: 5688: 5647: 5551: 5377: 5269: 5016: 4838: 4783: 4752: 4676: 4625: 4574: 4533: 4442: 4386: 4350: 4304: 4295: 4140: 4084: 4033: 3992: 3951: 3905: 3847: 3717: 3596: 3518: 3437: 3428: 3314: 3182: 3113: 3040: 3005: 2971: 1159:onwards. He also had an influence on the poetry of 711:

Das älteste Systemprogramm des deutschen Idealismus

482:

Friedrich Hölderlin's birthplace, Lauffen am Neckar

349: 346: 305: 302: 271: 259: 245: 235: 215: 191: 162: 143: 67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2812:Paul de Man, "Heidegger's Exegeses of Hölderlin." 2437: 2435: 1728:Friedrich Hölderlin, Eduard Mörike: Selected Poems 1462:for soprano and four instruments (1996). In 2003, 557:In 1784, Hölderlin entered the Lower Monastery in 2651:The Solid Letter: Readings of Friedrich Hölderlin 1852:and Tim Longville. (Manchester: Carcanet, 1998). 1846:What I Own: Versions of Hölderlin and Mandelshtam 1825:Friedrich Hölderlin: Selected Poems and Fragments 1771:Friedrich Hölderlin: Essays and Letters on Theory 981:Friedrich Hölderlin Memorial in Lauffen am Neckar 3064:The Oldest Systematic Program of German Idealism 2638:. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1988, corrected 1990. 1629:, in Sicily, which were both based on the drama 1242:. Other composers of Hölderlin settings include 775:, Switzerland, and then at the household of the 755:In the late 1790s, Hölderlin was diagnosed with 715:The Oldest Systematic Program of German Idealism 508: 6928:19th-century German dramatists and playwrights 6923:18th-century German dramatists and playwrights 2624:, "Parataxis: On Hölderlin's Late Poetry." In 5529: 3091: 2949: 8: 1941:and Charlie Louth. (London: Penguin, 2009). 1175:"which sometimes meant Yes, sometimes No".) 1171:—according to Schwab, Hölderlin's favourite 771:, he found further employment as a tutor in 5675:Category:Translators of William Shakespeare 2823:Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1987. 2755:and his views on magic, myth, and Paganism. 1863:Holderlin's Sophocles: Oedipus and Antigone 1760:. (Princeton: Princeton University, 1984). 998:In 1804, his translations of the dramas of 652:. Although he rejected the violence of the 5536: 5522: 5514: 4301: 3434: 3098: 3084: 3076: 2956: 2942: 2934: 2399:, Cambridge University Press, 2002, p. 76. 1882:. (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan Press, 2008). 1711:Friedrich Hölderlin: Poems & Fragments 1494:to music for choir & piano (2012) and 1070:Norbert von Hellingrath during World War I 845:river. The tower would later be named the 380:; 20 March 1770 – 7 June 1843) was a 151: 140: 5789:Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen 2368:Introduction to "The Death of Empedocles" 2190:Henrich, Dieter; Förster, Eckart (1997). 2179:. Königshausen & Neumann. p. 29. 1975:Poems at the Window / Poèmes à la Fenêtre 1971:. Trans. Emery George (Kylix Press, 2011) 1638:Lyrische Suite/Das untergehende Vaterland 1383:Three Fantasies after Friedrich Hölderlin 865:Sketch of Hölderlin by Luise Keller, 1842 694:. In 1795 he enrolled for a while at the 127:Learn how and when to remove this message 2807:Mortal Thought: Hölderlin and Philosophy 2800:The poet as thinker: Hölderlin in France 2781:Hölderlin and the Question of the Father 2739:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2726:. Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann, 1984; 2715:. Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann, 1944; 2579:"Hölderlin Edition | bergmann:film" 2385:. Bloomsbury Publishing US. p. 171. 2225:The Palgrave Handbook of German Idealism 2027:(2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 614. 1952:The Death of Empedocles: A Mourning-Play 1141:Frankfurter Historisch-kritische Ausgabe 1074:Norbert von Hellingrath enlisted in the 976: 892: 812:Johann Heinrich Ferdinand von Autenrieth 724:from 1796 to 1798, he fell in love with 497:In 1774, his mother moved the family to 2765:. Stanford: Stanford University, 2005. 2653:. Stanford: Stanford University, 1999. 2012: 27:German poet and philosopher (1770–1843) 6913:German male dramatists and playwrights 5799:Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau 2605:Internationale Hölderlin-Bibliographie 2599:Internationale Hölderlin-Bibliographie 2110:"Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin" 2023:; Kretzschmar, William A. Jr. (2017). 795:in Frankfurt at around the same time. 598:, stating: "It won't be easy to study 5445:Romanticism and the French Revolution 2843:Works by or about Friedrich Hölderlin 2198:. Stanford University Press. p. 1914:Selected Poems of Friedrich Hölderlin 1665:'s 1942 lecture course (published as 1601:(The Loyal Scardanelli), directed by 1376:(who planned an opera on Hölderlin), 945:, and, in parallel, Christianity and 625:, where his fellow students included 617:In October 1788, Hölderlin began his 367: 7: 6888:People from the Duchy of Württemberg 2923:(in German). Jena: Eugen Diederichs. 2912:(in German). Jena: Eugen Diederichs. 2901:(in German). Jena: Eugen Diederichs. 2713:Erläuterungen zu Hölderlins Dichtung 2678:New York: Fordham University, 2004. 1098:; the remaining volumes appeared in 437:Hölderlin followed the tradition of 288:Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin 166:Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin 157:Hölderlin by Franz Carl Hiemer, 1792 65:adding citations to reliable sources 2611:(after 1 January 2001: IHB online). 2309:Peter Lang Publishing, Incorporated 2114:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1808:Friedrich Hölderlin: Selected Poems 1418:composed the orchestral song cycle 2717:Elucidations of Hölderlin's Poetry 2227:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 439. 1924:. (Richmond, CA: Omnidawn, 2008). 1572:is influenced by Hölderlin's poem 1548:was inspired by Hölderlin, as was 901:of the first three stanzas of his 538:Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling 405:Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling 25: 5824:Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick 2263:Hayden-Roy, Priscilla A. (1994). 1793:. The German Library vol.22. Ed. 1692:Some Poems of Friedrich Holderlin 1584:is partly inspired by Hölderlin. 1129:Alter Botanischer Garten Tübingen 6953:19th-century German philosophers 6933:19th-century German male writers 5594:Early New High German literature 5498: 5497: 2859: 2785:Hölderlin et la question du père 2674:Jennifer Anna Gosetti-Ferencei, 2504:"Tag des Jahrs | Kaija Saariaho" 2160:Dallmayr, Fred Reinhard (1989). 2069:The Cambridge Companion to Hegel 1082:and was killed in action at the 342: 298: 277: 41: 2802:. Columbia: Camden House, 1994. 2626:Notes to Literature, Volume II. 2554:"Die Aussicht | Kaija Saariaho" 2442:Josephson-Storm, Jason (2017). 929:, which he would fuse with the 829:The clinic was attached to the 52:needs additional citations for 6918:Writers from Baden-Württemberg 2529:"Überzeugung | Kaija Saariaho" 2475:. Cambridge University Press. 2397:The German Aesthetic Tradition 2162:Margins of Political Discourse 1: 6903:19th-century German novelists 6898:18th-century German novelists 6883:People from Lauffen am Neckar 5589:Middle High German literature 5468:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 2759:David Michael Kleinberg-Levin 2366:Krell, David Farrell (2008). 2355:. Lexington Books. p. 4. 2238:Hölderlin, Friedrich (2007). 1510:, and the solo ensemble "... 1498:for choir. Several works by 905:"Ermunterung" ("Exhortation") 627:Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 613:(pictured) from 1788 to 1793. 401:Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 369:[ˈfʁiːdʁɪçˈhœldɐliːn] 5875:Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock 3014:Hölderlin's Hymn "The Ister" 2917:Friedrich Holderlin (1911). 2906:Friedrich Holderlin (1911). 2895:Friedrich Holderlin (1909). 2886: – English translations 2884:Poems by Friedrich Hölderlin 2880: – English translations 2878:Poems of Friedrich Hölderlin 2852:Works by Friedrich Hölderlin 2834:Works by Friedrich Hölderlin 2724:Hölderlins Hymne "Der Ister" 2240:Selected Poems and Fragments 1981:Aeolic Odes / Odes éoliennes 1668:Hölderlin's Hymn "The Ister" 1554:Fragmente-Stille, an Diotima 572:Hölderlin progressed to the 567:Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock 6817:Adelbert von Chamisso Prize 5952:Annette von Droste-Hülshoff 5880:Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz 2858:(public domain audiobooks) 2429:Constantine (1990), p. 300. 2417:Constantine (1990), p. 302. 2408:Constantine (1990), p. 299. 2338:Hyperion and Selected Poems 2223:Altman, Matthew C. (2014). 2116:. Accessed 15 January 2011. 2048:Warminski, Andrzej (1987). 1835:. (London: Penguin, 1996). 1410:, an epistolary opera) and 973:Dissemination and influence 426:, where he interacted with 6974: 6002:Christian Friedrich Hebbel 5957:Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach 5892:(Friedrich von Hardenberg) 5860:Johann Christoph Gottsched 5855:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 5804:Johann Michael Moscherosch 5726:Walther von der Vogelweide 5680:Reformation era literature 5584:Old High German literature 5545:German-language literature 5385:Coleridge's theory of life 2693:. Stuttgart: Cotta, 1986; 2665:Annemarie Gethmann-Siefert 2558:www.wisemusicclassical.com 2533:www.wisemusicclassical.com 2508:www.wisemusicclassical.com 2351:Good, James Allan (2006). 2282:. Penguin UK. p. 276. 2164:. SUNY Press. p. 213. 2074:Cambridge University Press 1137:Grosse Stuttgarter Ausgabe 1127:Hölderlin Monument in the 683:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 439:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 29: 6893:People with schizophrenia 5906:Johann Gottfried Schnabel 5845:Barthold Heinrich Brockes 5477: 5440:Romanticism and economics 3455:Manuel Antônio de Almeida 3048:Friedrich-Hölderlin-Preis 1987:The Elegies / Les Elegies 1440:based three song cycles, 1329:Sechs Hölderlin-Fragmente 1248:An die Hoffnung - Opus 32 1088:German Revolution of 1918 276: 150: 6498:Fritz Zorn (Fritz Angst) 5911:Christoph Martin Wieland 5885:Gotthold Ephraim Lessing 5865:Johann Christian Günther 5746:Gottfried von Strassburg 5579:History of Liechtenstein 3220:German historical school 2370:. SUNY Press. p. 1. 2293:Shelton, Roy C. (1973). 1599:Untertänigst Scardanelli 1240:Hyperions Schicksalslied 1037:Christoph Theodor Schwab 551:A Voyage Round the World 6842:Leipzig Book Fair Prize 6802:Ingeborg Bachmann Prize 6724:Rudolf Christoph Eucken 5736:Albrecht von Johansdorf 5670:Swiss writers in German 3867:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski 2988:The Death of Empedocles 2469:Grimes, Nicole (2019). 2102:Phenomenology of Spirit 1556:and parts of his opera 1400:Wolfgang von Schweinitz 1109:composed his first two 1102:between 1922 and 1923. 1045:Norbert von Hellingrath 759:, then referred to as " 736:The Death of Empedocles 665:The Death of Empedocles 609:Hölderlin attended the 393:Norbert von Hellingrath 6057:Conrad Ferdinand Meyer 5962:Joseph von Eichendorff 5731:Wolfram von Eschenbach 5574:History of Switzerland 5450:Romanticism in science 5405:Middle Ages in history 5400:List of Romantic poets 4112:Josiah Gilbert Holland 2996:Der Tod fürs Vaterland 2872:Hölderlin Gesellschaft 2381:Magun, Artemy (2013). 2175:Mieth, Günter (2001). 1687: 1620:Der Tod des Empedokles 1490:) (2015). He also set 1288:Der Tod fürs Vaterland 1132: 1071: 982: 906: 866: 853:(or "Tower period"). 831:University of Tübingen 826: 700:Johann Gottlieb Fichte 685:and began writing his 614: 513: 483: 428:Johann Gottlieb Fichte 224:University of Tübingen 206:Kingdom of Württemberg 6938:German male novelists 6908:German-language poets 6373:Christian Morgenstern 6258:Hugo von Hofmannsthal 6163:Rolf Dieter Brinkmann 5947:Adelbert von Chamisso 5741:Heinrich von Morungen 5665:Liechtenstein writers 5420:Romantic epistemology 5410:Opium and Romanticism 3979:Stojadinović-Srpkinja 3205:Counter-Enlightenment 2814:Blindness and Insight 2267:. Rodopi. p. 88. 2148:Hegel and the Spirit. 1683: 1512:Einklang freier Wesen 1472:Sechs späteste Lieder 1458:for choir (2001) and 1126: 1069: 980: 896: 872:Die Linien des Lebens 864: 820: 608: 490:, then a part of the 481: 76:"Friedrich Hölderlin" 6832:Heinrich Heine Prize 6398:Erich Maria Remarque 6368:Friederike Mayröcker 6203:Friedrich Dürrenmatt 5484:Age of Enlightenment 3126:England (literature) 2649:Aris Fioretos (ed.) 2064:Beiser, Frederick C. 1676:English translations 1562:Josef Matthias Hauer 1544:'s late piano suite 1500:Georg Friedrich Haas 1488:Da ich ein Knabe war 1392:Hollywood Liederbuch 1370:Hölderlin lesen I-IV 1312:Margarete Schweikert 1300:Josef Matthias Hauer 1244:Ludwig van Beethoven 1076:Imperial German Army 857:Later life and death 745:Asclepiades of Samos 544:through exposure to 492:Duchy of Württemberg 210:German Confederation 182:Duchy of Württemberg 61:improve this article 6868:Friedrich Hölderlin 6812:Sigmund Freud Prize 6807:Georg Büchner Prize 6621:Emine Sevgi Özdamar 6333:Else Lasker-Schüler 6198:Heimito von Doderer 6042:Heinrich von Kleist 6032:Friedrich Hölderlin 5870:Friedrich Hölderlin 5716:Reinmar von Hagenau 5629:Austrian literature 5435:Romantic psychology 3230:Hudson River School 3174:Sweden (literature) 3159:Russia (literature) 3030:Hölderlin's Madness 2965:Friedrich Hölderlin 2819:Andrzej Warminski, 2634:David Constantine, 2395:Kai Hammermeister, 2296:The Young Hölderlin 2001:Hölderlin's Madness 1956:David Farrell Krell 1754:Hymns and Fragments 1519:melodic death metal 1276:Alphons Diepenbrock 1150:Though Hölderlin's 1078:at the outbreak of 915:Friedrich Nietzsche 702:'s classes and met 145:Friedrich Hölderlin 6822:Hans Fallada Prize 6403:Rainer Maria Rilke 6323:Siegfried Kracauer 6213:Marieluise Fleißer 6128:Johannes R. Becher 6007:Johann Peter Hebel 5901:Friedrich Schiller 5648:Related categories 5569:History of Austria 5564:History of Germany 3420:White Mountain art 3361:Historical fiction 3169:Spain (literature) 2722:Martin Heidegger, 2671:(1990). pp. 59–88. 2280:Essays and Letters 1935:Essays and Letters 1791:and Selected Poems 1688: 1570:First Piano Sonata 1552:'s string quartet 1537:Instrumental music 1432:Oedipus der Tyrann 1420:Hyperion-Fragmente 1362:Scardanelli-Zyklus 1218:instrumental music 1133: 1107:Rainer Maria Rilke 1096:Ludwig von Pigenot 1072: 1025:Wilhelm Waiblinger 983: 907: 867: 827: 698:where he attended 696:University of Jena 679:Friedrich Schiller 639:unity of opposites 631:Isaac von Sinclair 615: 563:Friedrich Schiller 484: 443:Friedrich Schiller 424:University of Jena 397:German Romanticism 229:University of Jena 6943:German male poets 6855: 6854: 6847:Nelly Sachs Prize 6734:Gerhart Hauptmann 6691:Wolf Wondratschek 6616:Sharon Dodua Otoo 6453:Berta von Suttner 6428:Arthur Schnitzler 6418:Ernst von Salomon 6208:Lion Feuchtwanger 6113:Ingeborg Bachmann 6027:E. T. A. Hoffmann 5997:Gerhart Hauptmann 5982:Franz Grillparzer 5977:Jeremias Gotthelf 5927:Bettina von Arnim 5850:Christian Gellert 5751:Dietrich von Bern 5706:Der von Kürenberg 5604:Weimar Classicism 5511: 5510: 5425:Romantic medicine 5395:List of romantics 4834: 4833: 4485:Felix Mendelssohn 4480:Fanny Mendelssohn 4291: 4290: 4005:Rosalía de Castro 3943:Soares dos Passos 3291:Transcendentalism 3255:Nazarene movement 3215:Düsseldorf School 3073: 3072: 2838:Project Gutenberg 2793:978-1-55058-379-3 2771:978-0-8047-5087-5 2746:978-0-226-40336-6 2703:978-0-8047-2739-6 2684:978-0-8232-2360-2 2669:Heidegger Studies 2659:978-0-8047-2942-0 2644:978-0-19-815169-2 2622:Theodor W. Adorno 2482:978-1-108-66113-3 2455:978-0-226-40336-6 2322:978-3-261-00315-7 2249:978-0-141-96218-4 2140:Pietistic Horizon 2106:Christian J. Onof 2087:978-1-139-82495-8 2034:978-1-138-12566-7 1964:978-0-7914-7648-2 1947:978-0-14-044708-8 1930:978-1-890650-35-3 1909:978-0-9793330-2-6 1901:Archipelago Books 1899:. (Brooklyn, NY: 1888:978-0-8195-6890-8 1871:978-1-85224-543-6 1858:978-1-85754-175-5 1841:978-0-14-042416-4 1833:Michael Hamburger 1812:David Constantine 1803:978-0-8264-0334-6 1783:978-0-88706-558-3 1766:978-0-691-01412-8 1749:978-0-9749502-9-7 1736:978-0-226-34934-3 1723:978-0-85646-245-0 1715:Michael Hamburger 1706:978-0-85496-303-4 1650:Passion Hölderlin 1578:Hans Werner Henze 1546:Gesänge der Frühe 1496:Hälfte des Lebens 1464:Graham Waterhouse 1438:Wilhelm Killmayer 1416:Siegfried Matthus 1404:Walter Zimmermann 1334:Hans Werner Henze 1092:Friedrich Seebass 1043:Only in 1913 did 888:German literature 722:Frankfurt am Main 650:French Revolution 542:travel literature 488:Lauffen am Neckar 445:as an admirer of 416:Lauffen am Neckar 285: 284: 246:Literary movement 186:Holy Roman Empire 178:Lauffen am Neckar 137: 136: 129: 111: 16:(Redirected from 6965: 6958:German idealists 6774:Elfriede Jelinek 6696:Feridun Zaimoğlu 6686:Peter Wawerzinek 6631:Julya Rabinowich 6591:Christian Kracht 6566:Wladimir Kaminer 6556:Elfriede Jelinek 6318:Egon Erwin Kisch 6263:Ödön von Horváth 6243:Marlen Haushofer 6077:Adalbert Stifter 6037:Gottfried Keller 5937:Clemens Brentano 5819:Angelus Silesius 5794:Andreas Gryphius 5721:Hartmann von Aue 5711:Dietmar von Aist 5655:Austrian writers 5634:Swiss literature 5614:Literary realism 5552:Related articles 5538: 5531: 5524: 5515: 5501: 5500: 5460:Evolution theory 4302: 3435: 3296:Ukrainian school 3100: 3093: 3086: 3077: 2958: 2951: 2944: 2935: 2924: 2913: 2902: 2867:Hölderlin-Archiv 2863: 2862: 2847:Internet Archive 2750: 2709:Martin Heidegger 2689:Dieter Henrich, 2587: 2586: 2575: 2569: 2568: 2566: 2564: 2550: 2544: 2543: 2541: 2539: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2500: 2494: 2493: 2491: 2489: 2466: 2460: 2459: 2439: 2430: 2427: 2418: 2415: 2409: 2406: 2400: 2393: 2387: 2386: 2378: 2372: 2371: 2363: 2357: 2356: 2348: 2342: 2341: 2333: 2327: 2326: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2275: 2269: 2268: 2260: 2254: 2253: 2235: 2229: 2228: 2220: 2214: 2213: 2197: 2187: 2181: 2180: 2172: 2166: 2165: 2157: 2151: 2136: 2130: 2123: 2117: 2098: 2092: 2091: 2060: 2054: 2053: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2017: 1876:Odes and Elegies 1758:Richard Sieburth 1663:Martin Heidegger 1642:Hölderlin Comics 1595:television drama 1582:Seventh Symphony 1527:alternative rock 1443:Hölderlin-Lieder 1346:Stele an Diotima 1324:Benjamin Britten 1284:Walter Braunfels 1186:Martin Heidegger 1145:Dietrich Sattler 1084:Battle of Verdun 1057:Berliner Ausgabe 939:cyclical history 751:Mental breakdown 687:epistolary novel 574:Higher Monastery 463:Martin Heidegger 379: 378: 377: 371: 366: 362: 361: 358: 357: 354: 351: 348: 341: 333: 332: 329: 328: 325: 322: 319: 316: 313: 310: 307: 304: 297: 281: 198: 174: 172: 155: 141: 132: 125: 121: 118: 112: 110: 69: 45: 37: 21: 6973: 6972: 6968: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6963: 6962: 6858: 6857: 6856: 6851: 6795:literary awards 6794: 6793:German-language 6788: 6719:Theodor Mommsen 6712:Nobel laureates 6711: 6710:German-language 6705: 6651:Clemens J. Setz 6581:Alexander Kluge 6571:Daniel Kehlmann 6531:Jenny Erpenbeck 6513: 6507: 6478:Josef Weinheber 6438:Kurt Schwitters 6423:Paul Scheerbart 6138:Thomas Bernhard 6096: 5967:Theodor Fontane 5932:Achim von Arnim 5915: 5833: 5762: 5701:Courtly romance 5684: 5643: 5599:Sturm und Drang 5559:German language 5547: 5542: 5512: 5507: 5506: 5495: 5487: 5473: 5430:Romantic poetry 5415:Romantic ballet 5390:German idealism 5373: 5339:Lacoue-Labarthe 5265: 5012: 4830: 4779: 4748: 4729:Rimsky-Korsakov 4672: 4621: 4570: 4529: 4438: 4382: 4346: 4287: 4136: 4080: 4029: 3988: 3947: 3901: 3843: 3784:Maria Edgeworth 3720: 3713: 3592: 3514: 3424: 3403:Romantic genius 3333:Gesamtkunstwerk 3310: 3271:Sturm und Drang 3178: 3109: 3104: 3074: 3069: 3053:Susette Gontard 3036: 3001: 2967: 2962: 2916: 2905: 2894: 2860: 2830: 2753:German idealism 2747: 2732: 2618: 2616:Further reading 2595: 2590: 2583:bergmannfilm.de 2577: 2576: 2572: 2562: 2560: 2552: 2551: 2547: 2537: 2535: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2512: 2510: 2502: 2501: 2497: 2487: 2485: 2483: 2468: 2467: 2463: 2456: 2441: 2440: 2433: 2428: 2421: 2416: 2412: 2407: 2403: 2394: 2390: 2380: 2379: 2375: 2365: 2364: 2360: 2350: 2349: 2345: 2335: 2334: 2330: 2323: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2277: 2276: 2272: 2262: 2261: 2257: 2250: 2237: 2236: 2232: 2222: 2221: 2217: 2210: 2189: 2188: 2184: 2174: 2173: 2169: 2159: 2158: 2154: 2137: 2133: 2124: 2120: 2099: 2095: 2088: 2062: 2061: 2057: 2047: 2046: 2042: 2035: 2019: 2018: 2014: 2010: 1996: 1918:Maxine Chernoff 1795:Eric L. Santner 1678: 1590: 1542:Robert Schumann 1308:Hermann Reutter 1272:An die Hoffnung 1260:Richard Strauss 1252:Peter Cornelius 1236:Johannes Brahms 1210: 1198:Michel Foucault 1194:Jacques Derrida 1061:German language 1009:Walter Benjamin 975: 884: 859: 835:Justinus Kerner 753: 726:Susette Gontard 674: 654:Reign of Terror 621:studies at the 518: 476: 471: 447:Greek mythology 409:German Idealism 391:. Described by 374: 373: 372: 364: 345: 336: 335: 301: 292: 291: 254:German idealism 227: 200: 196: 176: 170: 168: 167: 158: 146: 133: 122: 116: 113: 70: 68: 58: 46: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6971: 6969: 6961: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6948:Romantic poets 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6860: 6859: 6853: 6852: 6850: 6849: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6798: 6796: 6790: 6789: 6787: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6739:Carl Spitteler 6736: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6715: 6713: 6707: 6706: 6704: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6671:Ilija Trojanow 6668: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6626:Teresa Präauer 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6586:Barbara Köhler 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6561:Reinhard Jirgl 6558: 6553: 6551:Judith Hermann 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6526:Thomas Brussig 6523: 6517: 6515: 6509: 6508: 6506: 6505: 6500: 6495: 6490: 6485: 6480: 6475: 6470: 6468:Kurt Tucholsky 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6433:Helga Schubert 6430: 6425: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6395: 6390: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6370: 6365: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6348:Siegfried Lenz 6345: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6303:Hermann Kesten 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6178:Hermann Burger 6175: 6173:Arnolt Bronnen 6170: 6165: 6160: 6158:Bertolt Brecht 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6133:Gottfried Benn 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6104: 6102: 6098: 6097: 6095: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6067:Johann Nestroy 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6047:Nikolaus Lenau 6044: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6012:Heinrich Heine 6009: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5972:Gustav Freytag 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5923: 5921: 5917: 5916: 5914: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5887: 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3903: 3902: 3900: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3853: 3851: 3845: 3844: 3842: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3725: 3723: 3715: 3714: 3712: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3651: 3646: 3641: 3639:Brothers Grimm 3636: 3631: 3626: 3621: 3616: 3611: 3606: 3600: 3598: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3590: 3585: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3545: 3540: 3535: 3530: 3524: 3522: 3516: 3515: 3513: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3477: 3472: 3467: 3462: 3457: 3452: 3447: 3441: 3439: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3422: 3417: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3363: 3358: 3357: 3356: 3351: 3341: 3339:Gothic fiction 3336: 3329: 3327:British Marine 3324: 3318: 3316: 3312: 3311: 3309: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3281: 3276: 3275: 3274: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3225:Gothic revival 3222: 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(1993). 2055: 2040: 2033: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2005: 2004: 1995: 1992: 1991: 1990: 1984: 1978: 1972: 1969:Selected Poems 1966: 1949: 1932: 1911: 1890: 1873: 1860: 1843: 1822: 1805: 1785: 1768: 1751: 1738: 1725: 1708: 1695: 1677: 1674: 1673: 1672: 1661:, is based on 1653: 1634: 1626:Schwarze Sünde 1615: 1608:The 1985 film 1606: 1589: 1586: 1566:Paul Hindemith 1539: 1538: 1448:Kaija Saariaho 1396:Viktor Ullmann 1358:Heinz Holliger 1320:Paul Hindemith 1231:Schicksalslied 1226: 1225: 1209: 1206: 1190:Theodor Adorno 974: 971: 933:of his native 925:Greece of the 883: 880: 858: 855: 752: 749: 720:As a tutor in 673: 670: 637:regarding the 623:Tübinger Stift 611:Tübinger Stift 517: 514: 475: 472: 470: 467: 453:poets such as 420:Tübinger Stift 283: 282: 274: 273: 269: 268: 261: 257: 256: 247: 243: 242: 237: 233: 232: 220:Tübinger Stift 217: 213: 212: 199:(aged 73) 193: 189: 188: 164: 160: 159: 156: 148: 147: 144: 135: 134: 49: 47: 40: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6970: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 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6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6193:Alfred Döblin 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6183:Elias Canetti 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6168:Hermann Broch 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6148:Thomas Brasch 6146: 6144: 6143:Heinrich Böll 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6105: 6103: 6099: 6093: 6092:Ludwig Uhland 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6082:Theodor Storm 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6072:Wilhelm Raabe 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6062:Eduard Mörike 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6017:Georg Herwegh 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5992:Wilhelm Grimm 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5942:Georg Büchner 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5924: 5922: 5918: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5842: 5840: 5836: 5830: 5829:Georg Wickram 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5765: 5759: 5758: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5693: 5691: 5687: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5652: 5650: 5646: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5624:Exilliteratur 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5556: 5554: 5550: 5546: 5539: 5534: 5532: 5527: 5525: 5520: 5519: 5516: 5505: 5504: 5493: 5492: 5486: 5485: 5476: 5470: 5469: 5465: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5452: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 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B. Shelley 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3809:Mary Robinson 3807: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3726: 3724: 3722: 3716: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3595: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3538:Chateaubriand 3536: 3534: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3525: 3523: 3521: 3517: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3427: 3421: 3418: 3416: 3415: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3368: 3367:Mal du siècle 3364: 3362: 3359: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3346: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3334: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3319: 3317: 3313: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3286: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3273: 3272: 3268: 3267: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3187: 3185: 3181: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3145: 3142: 3140: 3137: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3122: 3119: 3118: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3101: 3096: 3094: 3089: 3087: 3082: 3081: 3078: 3065: 3061: 3059: 3058:Hölderlinturm 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3045: 3043: 3041:Miscellaneous 3039: 3032: 3031: 3027: 3024: 3023: 3019: 3016: 3015: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3004: 2997: 2993: 2990: 2989: 2985: 2982: 2981: 2977: 2976: 2974: 2972:Works written 2970: 2966: 2959: 2954: 2952: 2947: 2945: 2940: 2939: 2936: 2929: 2926: 2922: 2921: 2915: 2911: 2910: 2904: 2900: 2899: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2865: 2857: 2853: 2850: 2848: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2827: 2822: 2818: 2815: 2811: 2808: 2804: 2801: 2797: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2757: 2754: 2748: 2742: 2738: 2737: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2670: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2623: 2620: 2619: 2615: 2610: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2596: 2592: 2584: 2580: 2574: 2571: 2559: 2555: 2549: 2546: 2534: 2530: 2524: 2521: 2509: 2505: 2499: 2496: 2484: 2478: 2474: 2473: 2465: 2462: 2457: 2451: 2447: 2446: 2438: 2436: 2432: 2426: 2424: 2420: 2414: 2411: 2405: 2402: 2398: 2392: 2389: 2384: 2377: 2374: 2369: 2362: 2359: 2354: 2347: 2344: 2339: 2332: 2329: 2324: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2297: 2289: 2286: 2281: 2274: 2271: 2266: 2259: 2256: 2251: 2245: 2241: 2234: 2231: 2226: 2219: 2216: 2211: 2209:9780804727396 2205: 2201: 2196: 2195: 2186: 2183: 2178: 2171: 2168: 2163: 2156: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2138:"Indeed, the 2135: 2132: 2128: 2122: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2097: 2094: 2089: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2070: 2065: 2059: 2056: 2051: 2044: 2041: 2036: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2016: 2013: 2007: 2003: 2002: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1897:Ross Benjamin 1894: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1820:9781780374017 1817: 1813: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1790: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1689: 1686: 1682: 1675: 1670: 1669: 1664: 1660: 1659: 1655:A 2004 film, 1654: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1632: 1628: 1627: 1622: 1621: 1616: 1613: 1612: 1607: 1604: 1603:Jonatan Briel 1600: 1596: 1592: 1591: 1587: 1585: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1536: 1535: 1534: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1515: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1492:An die Parzen 1489: 1485: 1484:Mein Eigentum 1481: 1480:Die Eichbäume 1477: 1476:Lucien Posman 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1452:Tag des Jahrs 1449: 1445: 1444: 1439: 1435: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1412:Wolfgang Rihm 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1384: 1379: 1378:György Ligeti 1375: 1374:György Kurtág 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1338:Bruno Maderna 1335: 1331: 1330: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1256:Hans Pfitzner 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1223: 1222: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1182: 1176: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1161:Hermann Hesse 1158: 1153: 1148: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1130: 1125: 1121: 1118: 1117:Duino Elegies 1114: 1113: 1112:Duino Elegies 1108: 1103: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1068: 1064: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1053:Stefan George 1050: 1046: 1041: 1038: 1034: 1033:Ludwig Uhland 1030: 1026: 1022: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1001: 996: 994: 990: 989: 979: 972: 970: 968: 964: 958: 954: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 904: 900: 895: 891: 889: 881: 879: 875: 873: 863: 856: 854: 852: 848: 847:Hölderlinturm 844: 840: 836: 833:and the poet 832: 824: 823:Hölderlinturm 819: 815: 813: 809: 805: 801: 800:Brod und Wein 796: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 761:hypochondrias 758: 757:schizophrenia 750: 748: 746: 742: 738: 737: 731: 727: 723: 718: 716: 712: 707: 705: 701: 697: 693: 692: 688: 684: 680: 671: 669: 667: 666: 661: 660: 655: 651: 646: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 612: 607: 603: 601: 597: 593: 592: 587: 583: 579: 575: 570: 568: 564: 560: 555: 553: 552: 547: 546:Georg Forster 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 515: 512: 507: 504: 500: 495: 493: 489: 480: 473: 468: 466: 464: 460: 456: 452: 451:Ancient Greek 448: 444: 440: 435: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 412: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 383: 376: 370: 360: 339: 331: 295: 289: 280: 275: 270: 267: 266: 262: 260:Notable works 258: 255: 251: 248: 244: 241: 238: 234: 230: 225: 221: 218: 214: 211: 207: 203: 194: 190: 187: 183: 179: 175:20 March 1770 165: 161: 154: 149: 142: 139: 131: 128: 120: 109: 106: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: – 77: 73: 72:Find sources: 66: 62: 56: 55: 50:This article 48: 44: 39: 38: 33: 19: 6837:Kleist Prize 6827:Goethe Prize 6784:Peter Handke 6779:Herta Müller 6769:Günter Grass 6641:Ingo Schulze 6636:Rafik Schami 6611:Herta Müller 6606:Terézia Mora 6596:Monika Maron 6546:Peter Handke 6512:Contemporary 6503:Stefan Zweig 6493:Christa Wolf 6488:Franz Werfel 6458:Ernst Toller 6448:Anna Seghers 6443:W. G. Sebald 6393:Robert Musil 6388:Adolf Muschg 6378:Erich Mühsam 6338:Kurd Laßwitz 6313:Sarah Kirsch 6308:Irmgard Keun 6288:Ernst Jünger 6273:Peter Huchel 6268:Ricarda Huch 6238:Peter Handke 6233:Günter Grass 6153:Volker Braun 6118:Hermann Bahr 6101:20th century 6087:Ludwig Tieck 6031: 5920:19th century 5869: 5838:18th century 5809:Martin Opitz 5779:Paul Fleming 5767:Early modern 5755: 5496: 5489: 5482: 5466: 5186:Porto-Alegre 4840:Philosophers 4724:Rachmaninoff 4173:Chavchavadze 4163:Baratashvili 3923:João de Deus 3892:Wincenty Pol 3684:Küchelbecker 3668: 3412: 3378:Noble savage 3365: 3331: 3306:Wallenrodism 3283: 3269: 3200:Coppet group 3134:(literature) 3028: 3020: 3012: 2986: 2978: 2964: 2919: 2908: 2897: 2820: 2813: 2806: 2799: 2784: 2780: 2762: 2735: 2727: 2723: 2716: 2712: 2694: 2690: 2675: 2668: 2650: 2635: 2625: 2608: 2604: 2598: 2582: 2573: 2561:. Retrieved 2557: 2548: 2536:. Retrieved 2532: 2523: 2511:. Retrieved 2507: 2498: 2486:. Retrieved 2471: 2464: 2444: 2413: 2404: 2396: 2391: 2382: 2376: 2367: 2361: 2352: 2346: 2337: 2331: 2295: 2288: 2279: 2273: 2264: 2258: 2239: 2233: 2224: 2218: 2193: 2185: 2176: 2170: 2161: 2155: 2147: 2134: 2126: 2121: 2113: 2101: 2096: 2068: 2058: 2049: 2043: 2024: 2021:Upton, Clive 2015: 1999: 1986: 1980: 1974: 1968: 1951: 1939:Jeremy Adler 1934: 1913: 1892: 1875: 1862: 1845: 1829:Jeremy Adler 1824: 1807: 1787: 1770: 1753: 1740: 1727: 1710: 1698:Alcaic Poems 1697: 1691: 1684: 1666: 1656: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1630: 1624: 1618: 1611:Half of Life 1609: 1598: 1593:A 1981–1982 1573: 1569: 1557: 1553: 1545: 1540: 1516: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1471: 1468:a song cycle 1460:Die Aussicht 1459: 1455: 1451: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1427: 1419: 1407: 1391: 1388:Hanns Eisler 1381: 1369: 1361: 1353: 1345: 1341: 1327: 1316:Stefan Wolpe 1304:Denise Roger 1295: 1292:Richard Wetz 1279: 1263: 1247: 1239: 1229: 1227: 1211: 1202:Alain Badiou 1177: 1168: 1149: 1140: 1136: 1134: 1116: 1110: 1104: 1073: 1056: 1042: 1028: 1023: 1016: 1012: 997: 992: 986: 984: 959: 955: 908: 897:Hölderlin's 885: 876: 871: 868: 850: 838: 828: 799: 797: 784: 754: 734: 719: 710: 708: 689: 675: 663: 657: 647: 616: 599: 595: 589: 582:Mein Vorsatz 581: 571: 556: 549: 519: 509: 496: 485: 436: 413: 287: 286: 264: 240:Lyric poetry 197:(1843-06-07) 138: 123: 114: 104: 97: 90: 83: 71: 59:Please help 54:verification 51: 6878:1843 deaths 6873:1770 births 6754:Nelly Sachs 6744:Thomas Mann 6661:Yoko Tawada 6646:Lutz Seiler 6521:Zsuzsa Bánk 6483:Peter Weiss 6463:Georg Trakl 6413:Nelly Sachs 6408:Joseph Roth 6363:Thomas Mann 6293:Franz Kafka 6283:Uwe Johnson 6278:Ernst Jandl 6218:Erich Fried 5987:Jacob Grimm 5609:Romanticism 5176:Michałowski 5008:Wackenroder 4973:F. Schlegel 4968:A. Schlegel 4744:Tchaikovsky 4633:Bortkiewicz 4505:R. Schumann 4500:C. Schumann 4465:Kalkbrenner 4434:Saint-Saëns 3739:Anne Brontë 3624:Eichendorff 3609:B. v. Arnim 3604:A. v. Arnim 3414:Weltschmerz 3373:Medievalism 3322:Blue flower 3250:Nationalist 3195:Bohemianism 3107:Romanticism 3033:(2021 book) 3025:(2004 film) 3006:Works about 2991:(1797–1800) 2983:(1797–1799) 2563:18 December 2538:18 December 2513:18 December 1922:Paul Hoover 1775:Thomas Pfau 1648:(2000) and 1646:Scardanelli 1456:Überzeugung 1366:Hans Zender 1264:Drei Hymnen 1238:, based on 1224:Vocal music 1214:vocal music 1157:Georg Trakl 1080:World War I 1005:translation 951:tragic fall 810:run by Dr. 619:theological 503:burgomaster 389:philosopher 250:Romanticism 226:(1788–1793) 195:7 June 1843 18:Scardanelli 6862:Categories 6729:Paul Heyse 6676:Jan Wagner 6358:Klaus Mann 6343:Gert Ledig 6328:Karl Kraus 6253:Georg Heym 6223:Max Frisch 6188:Paul Celan 6123:Vicki Baum 6022:Paul Heyse 5814:Hans Sachs 5774:Simon Dach 5051:Chassériau 5026:Aivazovsky 4734:Rubinstein 4719:Mussorgsky 4668:Wieniawski 4653:Paderewski 4495:Moszkowski 4278:Vörösmarty 4268:Shevchenko 4122:Longfellow 4046:Batyushkov 4041:Baratynsky 4010:Espronceda 3877:Mickiewicz 3872:Malczewski 3839:Wordsworth 3824:M. Shelley 3779:de Quincey 3644:Günderrode 3528:Baudelaire 3408:Wanderlust 3245:Lake Poets 2920:Empedokles 2311:. p. 2076:. p. 2008:References 1850:John Riley 1631:Empedokles 1605:in Berlin. 1550:Luigi Nono 1486:, Teil 3. 1482:, Teil 2. 1350:Luigi Nono 1165:Paul Celan 963:Paul Celan 911:Greek gods 779:consul in 643:dialectics 635:Heraclitus 596:Don Carlos 591:Don Carlos 559:Denkendorf 511:the years. 474:Early life 171:1770-03-20 87:newspapers 32:Hoelderlin 5896:Jean Paul 5784:Hans Folz 5696:Minnesang 5491:Modernism 5151:Kiprensky 5111:Géricault 5096:Friedrich 5086:Delacroix 5061:Constable 5041:Bonington 5031:Bierstadt 4983:Senancour 4958:Schelling 4913:Lamennais 4908:Khomyakov 4873:Coleridge 4868:Chaadayev 4775:Stanković 4770:Mokranjac 4689:Balakirev 4648:Moniuszko 4597:Donizetti 4592:Cherubini 4490:Meyerbeer 4475:Marschner 4450:Beethoven 4363:Moscheles 4297:Musicians 4283:Wergeland 4248:Orbeliani 4203:Grundtvig 4107:Hawthorne 4076:Zhukovsky 4071:Vyazemsky 4056:Lermontov 4015:Gutiérrez 3974:Radičević 3938:Herculano 3862:Krasiński 3804:Radcliffe 3774:Coleridge 3749:E. Brontë 3744:C. Brontë 3674:Jean Paul 3669:Hölderlin 3558:Lamartine 3495:Magalhães 3485:Guimarães 3393:Pantheism 3383:Nostalgia 3235:Indianism 3183:Movements 3114:Countries 3022:The Ister 2636:Hölderlin 2301:Pieterlen 1954:. Trans. 1937:. Trans. 1916:. Trans. 1895:. Trans. 1880:Nick Hoff 1878:. Trans. 1848:. Trans. 1831:. Trans. 1810:. Trans. 1773:. Trans. 1756:. Trans. 1713:. 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