550:. However, this cooperation became problematic as the Ottomans lost popularity. As with many Arab dynasties, the lack of a generally accepted rule of succession was a recurrent problem with Rashidi rule. The internal dispute normally centered on whether succession should be horizontal (i.e. to a brother) or vertical (to a son). These divisions within the family led to bloody infighting. In the last years of the nineteenth century six Rashidi leaders died violently. Nevertheless, The Al Rashid family continued to rule and fight together against Ibn Saud.
43:
409:. These divisions were based on profession, personal interest and skill, and not family or blood-line stratifications within the tribe. It is common for the same nuclear family to have members living each of the three different lifestyles. Because of their strength and blood relations with the Yemenite dynasties that came to rule Syria (Ghassanids) and Iraq (Muntherids), the Tayy expanded north into Iraq all the way to
1956:
413:, the capital at the time. Oral tradition mentions that the first chiefs of the Shammar tribe, Arar and Omair, were of the 'Abda family of Dhaigham, who ruled Shammar from Jabal Shammar. In the 17th century, a large section of the Shammar left Jabal Shammar under the leadership of the Al Jarba and settled in Iraq, reaching as far as the northern city of
1017:
at Baqaa 100 km North of Hail. Shk: N'ais Bin Twala joined the commander Sh. Abdullah Bin
Rasheed commanding 2000 men against Quseem Coalition Abdul Aziz albrayyan emir of Braida, Qaid bin Mijlad Shk if Dahamsha clan of Unaiza tribe, under the command of yahay bin Sulaim aka. Su'oot almajaneen,
598:
tribe. According to Sheikh
Abdullah Humaid Alyawar, the son of the sheikh of Shammar, in Iraq the total population of Shammar is estimated to be more than 1.5 million. The Shammar Al-Sayeh, a tribal confederation of tribes from Shammar, is the branch of Shammar who were independent of Aljraba's
553:
Saudi Arabia- The first twenty years of the 20th century on the
Arabian Peninsula featured a long-running series of wars as the Saudis and their allies sought to unite the peninsula. Some members of the Rasheed family left the country and went into voluntary exile, mostly to Kuwait.
1588:... the quarrel between Shaikh 'Ajil al Yawar of the 'Iraq Shammar and Diham al Hadi of the Syrian Shammar. These two shaikhs are rivals with many old scores between them, but the issue of the time was the aftermath of Diham's attack on 'Ajil at the end of March, 1926...
337:, an ancient historic site). Since King Shammar Yahri'sh ruled during the last decade of the third century, it could be referring to the city he lived in or one named after him. It could also be referring to the city of Ha'il, although there is no evidence that
448:, who inhabited the same area. The city of Ha'il became the heart of the Jabal Shammar region and was inhabited largely by settled members of Shammar and their clients. Two clans succeeded each other in ruling the city in the 19th century. The first clan, the
512:. Despite this, the vast majority of Shammar continue to retain a strong tribal identity and loyalty to their tribe. Many also participate in Cultural Festivals to learn about their ancient lifestyles, and to take part in traditional activities such as
570:, with more than 1.5 million members. Under the leadership of Banu Mohamad, known as Al Jarba, there was a massive exodus into Iraq. Most of the Shammar in Iraq gave up their nomadic lifestyles to settle in major cities, especially the
1608:
Apr. 8, 1959 The alliance between the leaders of the Syrian Bath Party with Ahmad Ujayl, the Shaykh of
Shammar in Iraq, and Daharn al-Hadi, the Shaykh of Shammar in Syria, shows how principles could be sacrificed to plot against
364:
for centuries. Because of their strength and blood relations with the
Yemenite dynasties that came to rule Syria (The Ghassanids) and Iraq (The Lakhmids), the Tayy expanded north into Iraq all the way to the capital at the time,
463:
in the late 19th century, the emirs of Ha'il, from the house of Al Rashid, intervened and gradually took control of much of the Saudi realm, finally taking the Saudi capital Riyadh in 1895 and expelling the Saudi leaders to
638:
in 1926. Syrian
Shammar Sheikh Diham al Hadi, the paramount Shammar sheikh in Syria, conducted an attack at the end of March 1926 upon 'Ajil al Yawar, a Sheikh of the Iraqi Shammar. In April 1959 however, the
179:
from Yemen in the second century. It is the largest branch of the Tayy, and one of the largest and most influential Arab tribes. The historical and traditional seat of the tribe's leadership is in the city of
856:
1801: Wahabi pressure on southern Iraq subsides; Shammar migrates to reach Jabal Sinjar in northern Iraq. The Shiite holy city of
Karbala is raided by 10,000 men on 6,000 camels; the plunder Hussien's tomb.
272:
The
Shammar are a tribal confederation made up of three main branches: the Abdah, the Aslam, and the Zoba. The earliest non-Arab sources refer to Arabs as Taits, thought of as referring to the Tayy, as
381:
Led by Usma bin Luai, the Tayy invaded the mountains of Ajaa and Salma from Banu Assad and Banu Tamim in northern Arabia in their exodus from Yemen in 115 CE. These mountains were renamed to
921:
1830: Adwan bin Twala Shk alaslam and Oqab alawaji Shk of Inn
Sulayman of Anazah who lives South of Hail. There had been a long standing conflict between them. They met to stop the
992:
1836: Battles ensue between
Shammar and Uniza; Sfoug's brother Faris bin Mohamad rules over 12,000 families; Mohamad Ali Pasha's forces reach Yanbo for a second invasion of Arabia.
1186:
1887-1888 Mohammed Almehhad Emir of Jabal Shammar Emirate, leads an army to respond to Bin Thani's plea for help to face his enemies reprisal for their defeat in Khanour.
826:
1795: Saudi forces attack Shammar near Samawa and Mutlag is killed. (Some say this occurred in 1797 in the Battle of Alabyadh, and that Mutlag died and Shammar entered
1680:
1944:
472:
Shammari tribesmen provided the majority of the Al Rashid's military support. Later, in the first two decades of the 20th century, Al Rashid were defeated by
703:
1455: IBN Ali Emirate is formed under Ali Alkabeer bin Attya Bin Jaffar after the defeat and exile of former ruler of Jabal Tayy Bhaij Bin Theeban Alzubaidi
881:
1815: Khazaal, Zuabair, and Shammar rebel against Said Basha. Uniza, Alubaid, and Thufair tribes put down the rebellion; Shiekh Banaia is killed in battle.
634:
The Shammar tribe have been present in Syria since at least the 1920s when rivalry between Syrian and Iraqi Shammar culminated in violence reported by the
902:
1820 opposition to Bin Ali formed by Abdulla Bin Rasheed against Ali bin Abdul Mohsen. Attempts to his arrest sends Abdullah Bin Rasheed to Iraq fleeing.
925:. Ogab challenges the outnumbered Adwan. Adwan captures Ogab during battle and wins. He pardons Ogab and releases him. (كتاب من شيم العرب د فهد المالك)
500:. After the establishment of modern borders, most Bedouins gradually left their nomadic lifestyle. Today, most members of the Shammar live modern,
939:
1495:
Am 2. November 1921 erlosch der letzte Widerstand der Schammar-Stämme. (On November 2, 1921, the last resistance of the Shammar tribes died out.)
1190:
1263:
1932: population of Hail is estimated at 20,000; Badu Shammar at 150,000–200,000 of which 30% are Alaslam, 37% Abde, 25% Sinjara, 7.5% Tuman.
644:
626:, from the Al Jarbah clan, was unanimously chosen as interim president. Ghazi Al-Yawar's uncle is the current Sheikh of Sheikhs of Shammar.
663:
1106:
to help against a coalition of other emirates. The coalition is defeated and Barzan Tower is built in Qatar to commemorate the occasion.
966:
1833: Late in the year, Shammar moves north to help Mosul's Pasha; the siege is broken and Ottomans launch a successful surprise attack.
321:
inscription, dating from 328 CE), the name "Shammar" is believed to refer to a city in Yemen, though it may refer to the city where the
1643:
530:
The House of Rashid (Rasheed) were a historic Shammar dynasty on the Arabian Peninsula. They were the most formidable enemies of the
1937:
1922:
1907:
1801:
1545:
1518:
1488:
1431:
647:
reported that the Iraqi and Syrian branches of the Shammar were able to bury their differences, both joining an alliance with the
1206:: Saud Abdulaziz bin Rasheed Shammar defeats Alruoula and Anazah. Hail is ruled by Aljanazah under the guardianship of Alsabhan.
969:
1834: Rogue Sheikh Shlash of Shammar attacks Uniza in support of the Ottomans; Sfoug supports Shlash with 2,000 men; Uniza wins.
2162:
1081:
1622:
1446:
1144:
915:
1823: Village of Anna is bequeathed to Sfoug by the Ottoman Pasha of Baghdad for his role in defeating the Persian invasion.
1467:‘Abdallah Mahmud Shukri (al-Alusi), “Di’ayat al-Rafd wa al-Khurafat wa al-Tafriq Bayn al-Muslimin”, al-Manar 29 (1928): 440
1045:
1846?: Abdulkarim declares a revolution against the Ottomans; Naser Alsadoun delivers him to the Ottomans and he is hanged.
963:
1833: Five thousand Ottomans under Mohamed Pasha leave a rebellion near Hilla and attack Shammar; the siege remains active.
875:
1809: Anti-Thufair rebellion; Ottoman campaign under Faris Aljarba and Sulaimna Basha Alsaghir, Althufair and Rola Triomph.
1710:
1213:: 500 Shammari horsemen join Alsadoun's forces of 4000 in a battle again Sabah backed by Abdulaziz Alsaud and defeat them.
836:
1798: A large coalition including Shammar, Alubaid and Ottoman armies – more than 500 strong – goes to Basra; Mutlag dies.
1048:
1847: Internal fighting between rebellious Shammaris; Sfoug is assassinated and beheaded by Najeeb Pasha (some say 1857).
1930:
1251:
606:
The Shammar became one of the most powerful Iraqi tribes, owning vast tracts of land and provided strong support of the
1688:
244:
534:
in Nejd. They were centered in Ha'il, a city in northern Nejd that derived its wealth from being on the route of the
373:" ("Shammar's Mountain") from the 14th century, the first time that the Shammar as a tribe were noted in literature.
274:
1284:
1257:
1921 Barzan Palace is leveled after Faisal bin Abdulaziz and Saud Bin Abdulaziz lay Siege to Hail for three months.
1109:
1882: Mohammed bin Abdullah Al Rashid and Hassan bin Muhana defend the town of Almujama against Abdulla bin Faisal.
817:
539:
1884:
Information Research Specialist Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Consultancy Knowledge Services Group (re Iraq)
1423:
Zad Al-Ma'ad - Provisions Of The Afterlife Which Lie Within Prophetic Guidance: زاد المعاد [انكليزي] ترجمة
1030:
1844: Shammar, with only 1000 men, allies with the Kurdish cavalry to expel Uniza; Fighting continues in the fall.
810:
1791: Late in the year some Shamaris join other Bedouins in an attack against Alsaud; Muslit bin Mutlag is killed.
675:
328 Namar inscription on the tombstone of "Imru Alqais bin Amru King of the Arabs" mentions the "city of Shammar."
2172:
2142:
2057:
1085:
594:
census upon its annexation, had only 1.5 million inhabitants. The Shammar took over the Jazirah after displacing
1116:
and Shammar, Utaiba is defeated. Utaiba's leaders were Hendi bin Humaid, Terky bin Rubaian and Ghazi bin Mohaya.
488:
in 1921. Following Al Rashid's defeat many Shammar fled to Syria and Iraq. Eventually the clan of their uncles,
2147:
763:
1764: Migration of individuals of Alzagareet of Abdah to Southern Iraq under the leadership of Yousef bin Nasr.
750:
497:
185:
48:
20:
2152:
1899:
833:
1797: Alsaud attacks north of Soug Alshiokh; Faris Bin Mohammad Aljarba takes over; Wahabis are turned back.
417:, their current stronghold. The Shammar are currently one of Iraq's largest tribes and are divided into two
2167:
885:
571:
214:
154:
1227:: Ibn Rasheed is victorious against Ibn Saud; death of a British intelligence officer called Shakespeare.
1815:
1231:
1203:
1155:, who lost 9000 men of the 64,000 men he commanded. The coalition included many some which Alsadoun of
655:
1140:
1344:
Al Yihya - one of its famous Families are: Al Sleet Albu Salih, Al Nasrallah, Al Mufadal and Al Jundah
807:
1791: Al Saud launches a surprise attack on Shammar and wins two battles 70 miles south-east of Hayel.
2123:
1895:
1364:
1274:
1247:
1210:
866:
1803: Ottoman seeks Shammar's help in a campaign against the Al Ubaid mutiny, but the campaign fails.
485:
1260:
1926: Syrian Shammar Sheikh Diham al Hadi attack upon 'Ajil al Yawar, a Sheikh of the Iraqi Shammar.
1217:
1042:
1846: Farhan becomes the Sheikh of Sheikhs; of the other six brothers, the runner-up is Abdulkareem.
264:, a prominent member of Tayy who is said to have led Tayy's delegation to Muhammad accepting Islam.
1983:
1960:
1199:
1907: Aljanazah is assassinated and Hail is ruled by the sons of Sheikh Humoud bin Ubaid Alrasheed.
1148:
909:
394:
326:
226:
1014:
922:
42:
1793:
884:
1818: Shiekh Sfoug bin Faris Aljarba takes over. Mohamad Bin Abdul mohsin Bin Ali is beheaded by
823:
1792: Mohamad Bin Abdul mohsin Bin Ali (also believed to be Alsamn Alurabi) becomes Emir of Hail.
795:
743:
730:
648:
619:
611:
607:
460:
318:
314:
67:
2106:
496:. Ibn Saud also married a daughter of one of the Shammari chiefs, who bore him one Saudi King,
489:
192:. In its "golden age", around 1850, the Shammar ruled much of central and northern Arabia from
2062:
1903:
1807:
1797:
1541:
1514:
1484:
1427:
1421:
1338:
Al Awad - clan that is from iraq and has large influence and vast history in the south of iraq
1120:
932:
889:
827:
659:
635:
481:
385:(Tayy's Mountain), and then again in the 14th century, after the tribe changed their name, to
357:
356:
in northern Arabia in their exodus from Yemen in 115 CE. These mountains are now known as the
282:
201:
176:
2086:
1535:
2096:
1480:
Durch Wüste und Steppe: Entdeckerlexikon arabische Halbinsel : Biographien und Berichte
1224:
1194:
1152:
1089:
1010:
1842: Shammar jarba retaliates by raiding near Alkhabor; there is some internal splintering.
893:
595:
235:
1099:
of Aridh ended by Mohamad Ibn adullah bin Rashid. Abdullah ibn Faisal retreats (1299 Hijri)
2010:
1180:
1124:
979:
1835: Shammar is at the peak of its power in Aljazeera and Sfoug Aljarba is Soultan Albar.
713:
1489 Husain Al ali is dubbed Prince of the desert Shamar's Dominion is established in Najd
525:
453:
345:
294:
286:
205:
145:
1240:
1919: Alshuaibah battle : Faisal Bin abdulaziz and his brother Saud defeat Shammar.
1978:
1172:
1036:
1845: Shammar Jarba defeats Uniza. War spoils were 7,000 sheep; famine strikes Shammar.
697:
623:
591:
547:
449:
330:
239:
928:
1831: Shammar aids the Ottoman siege of Baghdad to remove its rebellious Dawood Pasha.
590:. Droughts triggered several migrations of Shammar into Iraq, which, according to the
436:
The Shammar that remained in Arabia had tribal territories extending from the city of
2157:
2136:
1160:
1027:
1844: In summer Uniza brings 20,000 men and raids the area between Baghdad and Mosul.
531:
441:
402:
370:
334:
261:
249:
181:
1250:
by the Saudis and surrender of the Emirate of Jabal Shammar by its Al Rashid ruler
982:
1835: Rasheed Pasha ambushes Sfoug and his son Farhan and exile both to the Istana.
662:, a Shammar militia formed in 2013 nominally to protect the tribe's interests from
513:
501:
422:
418:
338:
189:
82:
615:
1601:
1581:
1562:
1508:
1478:
1401:
1341:
Al Rubaeya - sub clan of Rubeya Al Webbar, Al Ata, Zagareet, Al Jadi, Al Mohissen
846:
1800: Truce is broken and an indecisive battle with the Wahabis takes place near
2052:
2000:
1891:
1819:
1156:
1057:
1850–1851: Abdi Pasha stops his Shammar rations: Shammar raids southern Baghdad.
791:
723:
445:
310:
302:
1237:
1917 battle of Yateb: Faisal Bin abdulaziz and his brother Saud defeat Shammar.
1054:
1848: In spring Uniza raids Shammar under Daham Ibn Gaishish and Ibn Hath-thal.
905:
1822 Shk. Sfoug aljarba defeats a 40,000-strong Persian army meant for Baghdad.
2101:
2091:
2079:
2047:
2005:
1995:
1654:
1164:
952:
July 1833: Shammar besieges Baghdad and intercepts all Ottoman correspondence
840:
610:. Shammar power was threatened after the overthrow of the monarchy in 1958 by
430:
353:
349:
298:
1787:
899:
1820s: Mohamad bin Ali is killed and his brother Saleh becomes ruler of Hail.
2069:
2027:
2020:
1990:
1176:
1051:
December 1847: Shammar raids Aljazeera; Najeeb Pasha appoints Oda as Sheikh.
973:
896:
by 2,000 cavalry and 56,000 infantry with 12 guns and falls to the Ottomans.
757:
683:
599:
authority. Shammar is composed of groups such as Al-Zuhairy and Al-Towej in
579:
322:
290:
168:
34:
1969:
These prefixes ignored in the alphabetical ordering: Al, Al-Bu, Albu, Banu.
1811:
1168:
995:
1836: Alrashid establishes the Emirate of Jabal Shammar, centered at Ha'il.
942:
forces Uniza to leave the Syrian desert and enter Aljazera with 35,000 men.
853:
1800: Incident between Faris al Jarba and Shiekh Alamoud Fayez Ibn Huthayl.
1033:
1845: Uniza seeks a truce, giving 15,000 sheep, 3,000 camels and 8 horses.
689:
1301: First mention of the tribe Shammar, as a separate tribe in the book
2042:
1403:
The Statesman's Year Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the World
1314:
957:
749:
1749–1762: Shammar raids reach northern Baghdad despite the strong ruler
542:, the first Rashidi amir of Ha'il, who was named Ibn Rashid. The Rashidi
473:
437:
425:, subsections. The northern branch, known as Shammar al-Jarba, is mainly
390:
389:. There, Tayy, later Shammar, became either city-dwellers in the city of
366:
278:
257:
1537:
The Three Circles of War: Understanding the Dynamics of Conflict in Iraq
2037:
1789:
A political history of the Shammar Jarba tribe of al-Jazīrah, 1800-1958
1681:"Syrian Arab militias dispute they received U.S. airdrop of ammunition"
1113:
956:
miles north. Abdullah bin Rashid, the future founder of the emirate of
847:
679:
583:
477:
469:
444:. The Shammar had a long traditional rivalry with the confederation of
410:
360:. The Tayy became nomadic camel-herders and horse-breeders in northern
1243:
1920: Zuba participates in Iraq's 1920 revolution against the British.
2111:
2015:
1159:, Aldeweesh, Bedoor, abalkhail of Qaseem, Bin Mehana Bin hathleen of
1102:
1887: Mohammed Al Rashid is asked in a poem by Mohammed bin Jasem of
986:
946:
860:
707:
575:
509:
493:
465:
306:
193:
102:
87:
1077:
1871: Ubaid Al Rashid dies of old age (according to oral tradition).
813:
1791: Mutlag Aljarba takes Shammar to safer places in southern Iraq.
775:
252:, whom they sometimes refer to as the "king" of Tayy, converted to
2032:
1267:
1103:
1096:
600:
587:
567:
505:
504:
lifestyles in Saudi Arabia and Iraq, and some sections settled in
426:
414:
406:
369:. The area of the two mountains subsequently came to be known as "
253:
197:
97:
60:
1024:
1844: Shammar Jarba raids Uniza near Harran; it is a famine year.
985:
1835: Shammar retaliates by raiding and destroying the fields of
804:
1790: Shammar is allied with the Sherif of Mecca against Alasaud.
234:
One of the early famous figures from the tribe was the legendary
1955:
1133:
1068:
1855: Ibn Sulaim raids Hail and kills wild Alaslamya in Ramdhan.
1061:
1852: Shammar defeat Anazah and Alqusaim in the Battle of Baqa.
918:
1824: Uniza raids Shammar and loots their prized Arabian horses.
563:
543:
535:
398:
361:
344:
Led by Usma bin Luai, the Tayy invaded the mountains of Ajā and
172:
165:
114:
92:
1926:
1311:
Al Sultah - Al Jarba the Sheikhs of Shammar come from this clan
1305:
Al Manee' -Twalah, Albu Fradi (Twalah), Fayid, Masud, and Kamel
839:
1799: Ali Basha leaves Zuabir with new allies from Almuntafig,
945:
1833: Two Pashas join the rebellion and attack the Yazidis in
820:
dies; Wahabi forces raid southern Iraq, defeating Bani Khalid.
787:
1781 (or 1791): Battle of Aladwa between Aljarba and Ibn Saud.
640:
405:
in the countryside outside Ha'il or in the surrounding desert
1600:
Service, United States Foreign Broadcast Information (1959).
1379:
Al Zameel, sometimes referred to as Al Souid or Al Faddaghah.
480:
forces when his campaign to restore his family's rule in the
19:
This article is about the Arabian tribe. For other uses, see
248:. The early Islamic historical sources report that his son,
538:. The Al Rashid derived their name from the grandfather of
242:
renowned for generosity and hospitality who figured in the
1426:. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. p. 498.
1071:
1856: Ibn Rashid kills Ibn Sulaim in Ramdhan as vengeance.
1065:
1853-1856: Ottoman control outside of big cities plummets.
260:'s death. Another figure from Tayy during this period was
1889:
Politics in an Arabian oasis. The Rashidi Tribal Dynasty.
1534:
Gregg, Heather; Rothstein, Hy S.; Arquilla, John (2010).
1287:
becomes the first president of Iraq after fall of Baghdad
710:
is fought by Bin Baqar of Alaslam and Altayyar of Anazah.
433:
around the 19th century after settling in southern Iraq.
1623:"Rojava's commitment to Jineolojî: the science of women"
1335:
Al Jaafar - rulers of Jabal Shammar come from this clan.
1147:
to defeat an invasion of Hail that is attempted Emir of
429:, while the southern branch, Shammar Toga, converted to
1913:
1084:
capitalizes on internal disputes between Abdullah and
781:
1776: Sheikh Mutlag bin Thanian invades Alhafeer area.
297:
Empires. Since some sections of Tayy, and most of the
801:
1790: Wahabis raid southern Iraq early in the year.
309:
prior to Muhammad's preaching of Islam in the early
219:
159:
1711:"Syria: Sunni force takes up arms against IS group"
654:The current leader of the Syrian Shammar is Sheikh
120:
110:
76:
66:
56:
28:
1882:Tribal Structure, Social, and Political Activities
1004:1840: Shammar Jarba attacks the Egyptians at Orfa.
863:is launched by the Ottomans, Shammar, and Alubaid.
729:1609: Shammar unites with Bani Khalid against the
700:is built by Abdullah ibn Saif Alwibari Alshammari.
658:. His son Bandar al-Humaydi is military leader of
1576:
1574:
878:1814: Shammar Aljarba raids several Iraqi cities.
706:1446: The first known battle between Shammar and
333:(located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) from
1074:1859: The feast for a wolf by Mukazi Ibn Sayed.
1021:1843: Sfoug is reappointed as Shammar's Shiekh.
869:1805: Faris Aljarba decisively defeats Alubaid.
397:, camel-herders and horse-breeders in northern
784:1779: Jabal Shammar falls to Saudi domination.
1938:
1513:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 19, 20.
872:1808–1812: Baghdad comes under Saudi threats.
859:1802: Late that year, a campaign against the
8:
1644:"SDF plays central role in Syrian civil war"
1586:. H.M. Stationery Office. 1926. p. 58.
719:c. 1521: the name Shammar becomes prominent.
1638:
1636:
1945:
1931:
1923:
41:
1894:, London & New York 1991 (based on a
1674:
1672:
1129:1895: Almulaida battles against Alquseem.
459:During the civil war that tore apart the
1458:Haydari, ‘Unwan al-Majd, pg. 110-15, 118
1234:: Shammar defeats Alshfair and Albudoor.
1001:1838: Abdullah bin Rasheed goes to Iraq.
998:1837: Shammar's unity fragments in Iraq.
1766:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1393:
843:and Bani Khalid; they fight for a year.
746:, the first Saudi Kingdom, established.
716:1517 The Ottoman Empire is established.
678:1171–1172: Abda of Shammar tribe joins
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1603:Daily Report: Foreign Radio Broadcasts
1420:Al-Jawziyya, Ibn Qayyim (2010-01-01).
1039:1845: The Emirate of Hail is declared.
566:'s largest Arab tribe, along with the
25:
1510:Historical Dictionary of the Bedouins
1270:south of Palestine by Israeli forces;
645:Foreign Broadcast Information Service
7:
1363:Al Khrusah, Some Leaders of Shammar
1143:: 1200 Shammaris lost 400 men under
1007:1841: Anna is taken away from Sfoug.
790:1780: Shammar joins Bani Khalid and
1771:Williamson, John Frederich (1974).
1583:Iraq, Report on Iraq Administration
1406:. John Paxton. 1917. p. xliv.
1266:1948: Shammar is driven out of the
1183:tribe under Mohammed bin Qurainees.
440:northwards to the frontiers of the
209:
175:, which migrated into the northern
149:
1875:The Days of the Arabs before Islam
1862:A comprehensive history of Shammar
1786:John Frederick Williamson (1974).
1540:. Potomac Books, Inc. p. 13.
1357:AlWetaid, leaders of Al Faddaghah.
492:pledged allegiance to Ibn Saud in
171:confederation, descended from the
14:
1914:Web site for Shammar (Tayy) tribe
1567:. Hollis and Carter. p. 225.
1561:Stirling, Walter Francis (1953).
1483:(in German). Trafo. p. 193.
1193:, also known as the battles over
931:1832: Shammar retaliates against
1954:
1179:tribe under Mubarak Bin Durai',
1679:Gutman, Roy (20 October 2015).
1657:. 20 January 2016. pp. 3–4
1132:1897: Battle of Binban; all of
1082:Mohammed bin Abdullah Al Rashid
892:in Egypt. The Saudi capital of
1844:Hail online Arabic reference.
1621:Gupta, Rahila (9 April 2016).
1308:Wahab - Qder, Muhammed, Jathel
1136:is under Mohammed bin Rasheed.
301:and Lakhmids, were present in
1:
1919:A member of the shammar tribe
1824:The source calls him Ibn Saud
739:1696: Shammar raids Baghdad.
736:1690: First Exodus into Iraq.
238:(Hatim of Tayy; died 578), a
51:is used by the Shammar tribe.
574:plain, the area between the
546:cooperated closely with the
289:, had contact with both the
16:Arabian tribal confederation
1408:... has its capital at Hail
1145:Abdul Aziz Almutab Alrashid
960:is said to have taken part.
620:overthrow of Saddam Hussein
614:, and the Shammar welcomed
245:One Thousand and One Nights
220:
160:
2189:
1285:Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawar
1112:1883: Arwa Battle between
940:Egyptian invasion of Syria
818:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
523:
18:
2120:
1974:
1967:
1713:. France24. 14 March 2016
1507:Suwaed, Muhammad (2015).
40:
33:
1892:I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd
1280:10 April 1948: Almanara.
972:1835: Uniza crosses the
751:Sulaiman Abu Layla Pasha
651:against a common enemy.
275:Iyas ibn Qabisah al-Ta'i
186:Emirate of Jabal Shammar
21:Shammar (disambiguation)
1477:Pfullmann, Uwe (2001).
1175:under Hashr bin wraik،
1018:he is killed in battle.
935:and declares rebellion.
888:and sent to his father
452:, were replaced by the
231:'the region').
2163:Tribes of Saudi Arabia
949:to stop their looting.
1773:The History of Shmmar
1449:.Yitzhak Nakash, p.27
976:and leaves Aljazeera.
656:Humaydi Daham al-Hadi
200:and the vast area of
1900:Cambridge University
1898:thesis presented to
1880:Hassan, Hussein D.;
1367:come from this clan.
1360:Zoba' Al Mathlothah.
894:Dirayiya is besieged
722:1522: Shammar backs
395:nomadic pastoralists
196:to the frontiers of
1961:Arab tribes in Iraq
1887:Madawi Al Rasheed:
1252:Mohammed Bin Tallal
1123:and the end of the
317:(the second oldest
1868:The Tribes of Iraq
1835:Al Rasheed, p. 35.
1794:Indiana University
1691:on 22 October 2015
1447:The Shi'is of Iraq
1273:16 February 1948:
1232:Battle of Abu Ajaj
1204:Battel of Ajumaima
1125:second Saudi state
830:in the same year.)
798:to conquer Alsaud.
796:Sharifate of Mecca
744:Emirate of Diriyah
726:against Aluyonien.
696:1417: The city of
649:Syrian Baath Party
612:Abdul-Karim Qassem
608:Hashemite monarchy
484:culminated in the
461:Second Saudi State
319:pre-Islamic Arabic
315:Namara inscription
2130:
2129:
1866:Alazzawi, Abbas;
1248:Conquest of Ha'il
1191:Saudi–Rashidi War
1153:Muabarak Alkabeer
1141:Battle of Alsarif
1121:Battle of Mulayda
890:Mohamad Ali Pasha
660:al-Sanadid Forces
636:League of Nations
486:Conquest of Ha'il
482:Arabian Peninsula
341:fought the Tayy.
283:Lower Mesopotamia
230:
218:
202:Upper Mesopotamia
177:Arabian Peninsula
158:
138:
137:
2180:
2173:Tribes of Kuwait
2143:Tribes of Arabia
1959:
1958:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1924:
1860:Aladhadh, Amer;
1854:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1768:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1687:. Archived from
1676:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1648:
1640:
1631:
1630:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1578:
1569:
1568:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1459:
1456:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1398:
1225:Battle of Jarrab
955:
731:sharif of Makkah
618:rule. After the
421:, as opposed to
327:Shammar Yahri'sh
277:, a governor of
225:
223:
213:
211:
184:in what was the
163:
153:
151:
45:
26:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2148:Tribes of Syria
2133:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2116:
1970:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1804:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1770:
1769:
1726:
1716:
1714:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1692:
1678:
1677:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1646:
1642:
1641:
1634:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1580:
1579:
1572:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1548:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1521:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1491:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1445:
1441:
1434:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1365:Al Jarba family
1351:
1329:
1299:
1294:
1275:Battle of Zaraa
1211:Battle of Hadya
1086:Saud bin Faisal
953:
758:Wahabi movement
691:Masalik Alabsar
672:
632:
562:The Shammar is
560:
528:
526:Rashidi dynasty
522:
520:House of Rashid
379:
287:Lakhmid kingdom
270:
188:in what is now
52:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2186:
2184:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2153:Tribes of Iraq
2150:
2145:
2135:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1856:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1828:
1802:
1796:. p. 31.
1792:(PhD thesis).
1778:
1724:
1702:
1668:
1651:IHS Jane's 360
1632:
1613:
1606:. p. 20.
1592:
1570:
1553:
1546:
1526:
1519:
1499:
1489:
1469:
1460:
1451:
1439:
1432:
1412:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1368:
1361:
1358:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1218:Zamel Alsabhan
1214:
1207:
1200:
1197:
1187:
1184:
1137:
1130:
1127:
1117:
1110:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
983:
980:
977:
970:
967:
964:
961:
950:
943:
936:
929:
926:
919:
916:
913:
906:
903:
900:
897:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
857:
854:
851:
844:
837:
834:
831:
824:
821:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
788:
785:
782:
779:
764:
761:
754:
747:
740:
737:
734:
727:
720:
717:
714:
711:
704:
701:
694:
687:
676:
671:
668:
631:
628:
624:Ghazi al-Yawar
559:
556:
548:Ottoman Empire
524:Main article:
521:
518:
403:agriculturists
378:
375:
331:Radda District
269:
266:
240:Christian Arab
164:) is a tribal
136:
135:
134:
133:
130:
127:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
106:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
78:
74:
73:
70:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
46:
38:
37:
31:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2185:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2168:Yemeni tribes
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2125:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1984:Al-Ali (Iraq)
1982:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1908:1-85043-320-8
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1876:
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1869:
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1863:
1859:
1858:
1850:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1803:9798659836040
1799:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1656:
1652:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1627:openDemocracy
1624:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1547:9781597974998
1543:
1539:
1538:
1530:
1527:
1522:
1520:9781442254510
1516:
1512:
1511:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1490:9783896263285
1486:
1482:
1481:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1461:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1435:
1433:9782745162144
1429:
1425:
1424:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1394:
1388:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1326:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1296:
1292:Main sections
1291:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
984:
981:
978:
975:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
951:
948:
944:
941:
937:
934:
930:
927:
924:
920:
917:
914:
911:
910:Alawajya wars
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
891:
887:
886:Ibrahim Pasha
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
858:
855:
852:
849:
845:
842:
838:
835:
832:
829:
825:
822:
819:
816:1792: Sheikh
815:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
793:
789:
786:
783:
780:
778:and Karabla.
777:
773:
769:
765:
762:
759:
755:
752:
748:
745:
741:
738:
735:
732:
728:
725:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
705:
702:
699:
695:
693:by Ibn Fadhl.
692:
688:
685:
681:
677:
674:
673:
669:
667:
665:
661:
657:
652:
650:
646:
642:
637:
629:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
604:
602:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
557:
555:
551:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
532:House of Saud
527:
519:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
462:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
442:Syrian Desert
439:
434:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:Jabal Shammar
384:
376:
374:
372:
371:Jabal Shammar
368:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
267:
265:
263:
262:Zayd al-Khayr
259:
255:
251:
250:Adi ibn Hatim
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:Hatim Al-Ta'i
232:
228:
222:
216:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
178:
174:
170:
167:
162:
156:
147:
143:
140:The tribe of
131:
128:
125:
124:
123:
119:
116:
113:
109:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
84:
81:
80:
79:
75:
71:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
50:
49:Jabal Shammar
44:
39:
36:
32:
27:
22:
2074:
1888:
1881:
1874:
1867:
1861:
1849:
1840:
1831:
1823:
1788:
1781:
1775:(in Arabic).
1772:
1715:. Retrieved
1705:
1693:. Retrieved
1689:the original
1684:
1659:. Retrieved
1650:
1626:
1616:
1607:
1602:
1595:
1587:
1582:
1563:
1556:
1536:
1529:
1509:
1502:
1494:
1479:
1472:
1463:
1454:
1442:
1422:
1415:
1407:
1402:
1396:
1352:
1330:
1300:
1209:March 1910:
1139:March 1901:
1060:
1015:Baqaa battle
923:Siege of Ras
771:
767:
690:
682:against the
653:
633:
605:
561:
552:
529:
514:folk dancing
458:
435:
423:genealogical
419:geographical
386:
382:
380:
343:
339:Imru Al-Qays
271:
243:
233:
190:Saudi Arabia
141:
139:
111:Parent tribe
83:Saudi Arabia
47:The flag of
2124:Arab tribes
2058:Al-Bu Nasir
2053:Al-Muntafiq
2001:Al-Bu Badri
1853:Al Rasheed.
1685:McClatchyDC
1661:28 February
1564:Safety last
1376:Al Ghafilah
1319:Al Khashman
1163:, Shafi of
1157:Al-Muntafiq
1088:and enters
756:1750–1760:
724:Bani Khalid
698:Al Majma'ah
311:7th century
303:Mesopotamia
72:al-Shammari
2137:Categories
2107:Al-Zawalim
2102:Al Uqaydat
2092:Banu Tamim
2080:Albu Salih
2048:Al-Mazeedi
2006:Al-Dhafeer
1996:Al-Baggara
1695:2 November
1389:References
1370:Sinjarah:
1220:is killed.
1181:alrashaida
938:1832: The
742:1744: The
431:Shia Islam
383:Jabal Tayy
354:Banu Tamim
350:Banu Assad
299:Ghassanids
2070:Al-Rahabi
2028:Al-Duraji
2021:Albu Nimr
1991:Banu Asad
1910:(English)
1902:, 1988).
1877:(Arabic )
1873:Alfudaily
1820:302745090
1382:Al Zomail
1373:Al Thabit
1322:Al Wajaan
1189:1903–07:
974:Euphrates
933:Ali Pasha
841:Althufair
828:Aljazeera
772:zaghareet
684:crusaders
616:Ba'athist
580:Euphrates
502:urbanized
490:Al Sabhan
454:Al Rashid
323:Himyarite
313:. In the
291:Byzantine
221:al-Jazīra
215:romanized
169:Qahtanite
155:romanized
57:Ethnicity
35:Qahtanite
2122:Part of
2097:Al-Ubaid
2063:Al-Bejat
2043:Banu Lam
1870:(Arabic)
1816:ProQuest
1609:Iraq....
1315:Aladhadh
1297:Al Aslam
1169:Alsubaie
1090:Alqaseem
794:and the
792:Muntafig
774:between
760:emerges.
670:Timeline
596:Al-Ubaid
540:Abdullah
498:Abdullah
476:and his
474:Ibn Saud
446:'Anizzah
367:Al-Hirah
305:and the
295:Sasanian
279:al-Hirah
258:Muhammad
121:Branches
77:Location
2087:Talafha
2075:Shammar
2038:Khafaja
2011:Dhanyal
1812:4481937
1717:22 June
1353:Clans:
1331:Clans:
1301:Clans:
1171:tribe,
1165:Hawajer
912:begins.
848:Karbala
768:alaslam
680:Saladin
592:Ottoman
584:Baghdad
572:Jazirah
478:Wahhabi
470:Bedouin
411:al-Hira
377:History
358:Shammar
329:lived,
285:in the
268:Origins
256:before
229:
217::
210:الجزيرة
157::
142:Shammar
29:Shammar
2112:Zubaid
2016:Dulaim
1979:Al Ali
1906:
1818:
1810:
1800:
1544:
1517:
1487:
1430:
1283:2004:
1246:1921:
1230:1916:
1223:1915:
1216:1914:
1202:1910:
1177:awazem
1173:Qahtan
1149:Kuwait
1119:1891:
1114:Utaiba
1095:1882:
1080:1876:
987:Tikrit
947:Sinjar
908:1822:
861:Yezedi
766:1765:
708:Anazah
576:Tigris
510:Jordan
494:Riyadh
468:. The
466:Kuwait
450:Al Ali
335:Dhamar
307:Levant
206:Arabic
194:Riyadh
161:Šammar
150:شَمَّر
146:Arabic
103:Jordan
88:Kuwait
2033:Jubur
1896:Ph.D.
1647:(PDF)
1349:Zoba'
1327:Abdah
1268:Negev
1195:Qasim
1161:Ajman
1104:Qatar
1097:siege
1013:1842
958:Ha'il
954:20–30
630:Syria
601:Najaf
588:Mosul
582:from
568:Jubur
544:emirs
506:Syria
438:Ha'il
427:Sunni
415:Mosul
407:oases
401:, or
391:Ha'il
348:from
346:Salma
325:King
254:Islam
198:Syria
182:Ḥaʼil
129:Aslam
126:Abdah
98:Syria
68:Nisba
2158:Tayy
1904:ISBN
1808:OCLC
1798:ISBN
1719:2016
1697:2015
1663:2017
1542:ISBN
1515:ISBN
1485:ISBN
1428:ISBN
1134:Najd
770:and
664:ISIL
578:and
564:Iraq
558:Iraq
536:Hajj
508:and
399:Najd
362:Najd
352:and
293:and
227:lit.
173:Tayy
166:Arab
132:Zoba
115:Tayy
93:Iraq
61:Arab
1655:IHS
776:Hīt
643:'s
641:CIA
586:to
281:in
2139::
1822:.
1814:.
1806:.
1727:^
1683:.
1671:^
1653:.
1649:.
1635:^
1625:.
1573:^
1493:.
1167:,
1151:,
666:.
622:,
603:.
516:.
456:.
393:,
224:,
212:,
208::
152:,
148::
1946:e
1939:t
1932:v
1916:.
1721:.
1699:.
1665:.
1629:.
1550:.
1523:.
1436:.
1277:.
1254:.
1092:.
989:.
850:.
753:.
733:.
686:.
204:(
144:(
23:.
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