693:
470:
488:
726:
344:
57:
2895:
2901:
2772:
2907:
3564:
373:, Staszic did not portray the life of Jan Zamoyski (1542–1605, one of the most prominent statesmen in Polish history); rather, he argued that reforms are needed, and that Zamoyski had already proposed or supported many of them two centuries before. Staszic was a strong partisan of reforms and an ardent advocate for the interests of the lower classes. He advocated the abolition of the
51:
3576:
366:, transformed the little-known tutor into one of the chief political thinkers of the late 18th-century Commonwealth. It became a model for other similar works and began a flood of political books and pamphlets unprecedented in the Commonwealth's history. It was reprinted numerous times, including in unauthorized editions.
716:
Staszic was remembered by his contemporaries as a loner and not a person who was quick to make friends. He has been described as somewhat miserly; despite acquiring significant wealth, he was said to wear old clothes and use an old carriage. He was nonetheless widely respected by his contemporaries.
385:, and argued that it showed itself too inept to be allowed to govern alone. He argued for a slight increase in taxes, which should allow the Commonwealth to create an army of 100,000 that would at least stand a chance against the still-larger armies of its neighbours. Although he preferred
736:
He is seen as one of the chief representatives of the political activists and writers of the Polish
Enlightenment. He is also seen as the father of Polish geology, statistics, sociology, Tatra Mountains studies and exploration, mining and industry. He is one of the figures immortalised in
1543:
425:
and serfdom, and supported the enfranchisement of the townsfolk. Although he was not a participant of the Sejm, he was an influential onlooker, and through his widely read and discussed writings of the time is recognized as one of the founding fathers of the
637:
in the natural and social sciences. In his essays on human nature, he declared for the primacy of science and was relatively critical of the influence of religion. These views gained him some critics, as he was seen as a priest who had abandoned religion.
389:
in theory, in the
Commonwealth context he agreed that a strengthening of the central (royal) power was the most practical solution for reforming the country, in line with the similar developments elsewhere in Europe. In
776:
scholars of the People's
Republic, who stressed his materialist, determinist and anti-clerical views. The 150th anniversary of his death in 1976 was also celebrated, with many works dedicated to him, including poems by
641:
From 1816 he was involved in mining research and projects. He also actively supported industrial development in Poland. He was one of the first to see the importance of coal, and supported the development of
2456:
401:
Staszic was a keen observer of the proceedings of the Great Sejm, spending much time in Warsaw since the Sejm began its deliberations in 1788. He continued publishing new books and pamphlets. His
3638:
507:; from 1802 he was one of its most active members. In 1804 he went to France, where he observed the changes wrought by Napoleon. On return to Poland in 1805, he spent some time in the
499:, in which Russia, Prussia, and Austria seized all of the Commonwealth's territory, Staszic was active in many scientific and scholarly initiatives. He studied the geology of the
2809:
3385:
1836:
1574:
1947:
662:
minister of industry of the
Congress Poland (styled officially the "director of the Department of Trade, Crafts and Industry") and initiated construction of the
3071:
1406:
433:
During 1790–1791 he accompanied
Zamoyski's family on a trip abroad, and continued to serve as an adviser to the family, although his relations with the sons (
3455:
3668:
3643:
2589:
633:
He also carried out studies on education and on human behavior, in a social-science tradition. Some of his views and theories made him a precursor of
700:
He died in Warsaw on 20 January 1826, most likely due to a stroke. His funeral gathered 20,000 people, including the viceroy of the
Congress Poland,
566:
president he was active in many initiatives which supported and popularized science in Poland. He oversaw the construction of a headquarters for the
2802:
786:
457:. He also made some successful financial investments, including in the stock market. He then served as an economic adviser for the Zamoyski and the
1699:
3628:
1609:
3653:
3613:
2027:
742:
1432:
1212:
1178:
1144:
1062:
1025:
991:
597:
with Russia), initially in the new
Ministry of Education and Religion, in 1816 serving as deputy minister. In 1815 he was decorated with the
504:
407:
Przestrogi dla Polski z teraźniejszych politycznych Europy związków i z praw natury wypadające przez pisarza uwag nad życiem Jana
Zamoyskiego
238:
708:
in Warsaw. His testament left his property at
Hrubieszów to its tenants, and much of his wealth went to various philanthropic initiatives.
403:
Warnings for Poland, coming from the current
European politics and natural laws, by the writer of the remarks upon the life of Jan Zamoyski
3134:
672:). As his projects did not result in quick returns, he incurred increasing criticism, and eventually resigned from his position in 1824.
3618:
2795:
2067:
1772:
668:
797:, Hrubieszów and Dąbrowa Górnicza. Several geographical landmarks, minerals and a bacterium bear his name as well. In Piła, there is a
562:) of the Duchy; in 1810 he became a full member. In the council, he was active in regard to questions of education and the economy. As
84:
1567:
2594:
3673:
3648:
820:
2123:
692:
1535:
589:
monarchy. After the fall of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1815, he became a member of the government of the newly created small state of
630:. However, the work ran afoul of the new censorship law and was not distributed, much of the edition eventually being destroyed.
418:
3340:
3159:
2667:
2425:
1992:
888:
761:
published a biography of Staszic, but it is now lost. In 1926, on the 100th anniversary of his death, he was celebrated in the
2540:
1782:
531:
1972:
769:
3683:
3678:
3249:
2775:
2204:
2113:
1851:
1560:
527:) and was involved in numerous educational reforms and initiatives. He also briefly worked with the Ministry of Treasury.
469:
153:
677:
335:. He translated several works from French into Polish and briefly worked at the academy as a teacher of French language.
3623:
2642:
2599:
627:
438:
453:, donating money to the insurgents' cause. Upon the defeat of the Uprising, he accompanied the family on their trip to
3658:
3633:
2169:
2017:
427:
231:
31:
1403:
555:
246:
3663:
3548:
3425:
2604:
2214:
2139:
2077:
2052:
2002:
1942:
705:
663:
654:
and textile industries, and improving the transport infrastructure (roads, canals). He discovered coal deposits in
543:
473:
450:
434:
286:, was mayor of Piła and a royal secretary. His brothers were Antoni (1743–1775) and Andrzej (1745–1825), a priest.
242:
2159:
1866:
1787:
814:
798:
598:
750:
3052:
2874:
2199:
2164:
1733:
1967:
2826:
2430:
2420:
2397:
2362:
2144:
2108:
2032:
516:
226:, he supported many reforms in Poland. He is particularly remembered for his political writings during the "
199:
313:
in 1774, and higher orders about 1778–79). Between 1779 and 1781 he continued his studies in France at the
3440:
2712:
2614:
2571:
2311:
1718:
1663:
762:
446:
325:
3330:
2405:
898:
801:, which has gathered various artifacts related to him, and publishes a journal, "Zeszyty Staszicowskie" (
655:
3395:
3144:
3003:
2839:
2497:
2283:
2222:
2118:
1629:
487:
283:
2410:
3608:
3603:
3533:
3528:
3465:
3410:
3214:
3169:
3104:
2864:
2854:
2818:
2762:
2622:
2584:
2556:
2535:
2179:
2149:
1977:
1692:
1583:
1136:
Discourses of Collective Identity in Central and Southeast Europe (1770–1945): Texts and Commentaries
772:
as part of the set issued for the First Congress of Polish Science. His figure was popular among the
701:
550:); he would be elected repeatedly as the society's president until his death. In 1808 he also became
500:
496:
377:
and improvements of the peasants' fate (by granting them land and private rights). He criticised the
314:
161:
129:
449:, a failed attempt to liberate Commonwealth from foreign influence following the events of the 1793
3435:
3355:
3279:
3224:
2968:
2922:
2879:
2505:
2189:
2062:
2037:
1957:
1926:
717:
He was seen as stern but honest, and had a tendency to speak in a fashion that some found amusing.
3568:
3523:
3482:
3477:
3370:
3204:
3184:
3114:
2993:
2973:
2515:
2377:
2367:
2352:
2342:
2296:
2184:
1728:
782:
139:
2487:
2007:
1656:
725:
626:), a gigantic philosophical essay and poem that is regarded as an important contribution to the
343:
3580:
3503:
3470:
3450:
3420:
3415:
3284:
3259:
3239:
3234:
3209:
3154:
3099:
3084:
3031:
2988:
2960:
2720:
2561:
2525:
2520:
2482:
2472:
2321:
2237:
2232:
2174:
2022:
2012:
1982:
1777:
1634:
1428:
1208:
1174:
1168:
1140:
1058:
1021:
1015:
987:
395:
144:
1202:
1134:
1052:
3405:
3390:
3335:
3325:
3219:
3149:
3139:
3026:
3011:
2834:
2725:
2440:
2357:
2337:
2306:
1997:
1962:
1906:
1482:
758:
332:
328:
56:
3513:
3189:
3179:
3174:
3089:
3057:
3047:
2849:
2530:
2415:
2291:
2253:
2072:
1916:
1911:
1713:
1619:
1410:
746:
610:
met with a negative reception. In 1816–20 he published many of his writings in a 9-volume
590:
520:
508:
441:) had become strained; he would eventually align himself with the daughter of the family,
318:
258:
254:
250:
195:
106:
2579:
1504:
3375:
3320:
3109:
2930:
2702:
2652:
2510:
2387:
2382:
2372:
2268:
2194:
2103:
2098:
1921:
1896:
1876:
1861:
1846:
1831:
594:
586:
578:
571:
477:
458:
382:
50:
3597:
3445:
3300:
3244:
3199:
3079:
3021:
2935:
2884:
2869:
2730:
2687:
2657:
2637:
2301:
2227:
2154:
2057:
1987:
1901:
1856:
1841:
1738:
1687:
893:
682:
442:
386:
223:
790:
3518:
3400:
3360:
3305:
2978:
2740:
2735:
2682:
2672:
2647:
2627:
2347:
2316:
2263:
2258:
2042:
1952:
1891:
1871:
1758:
1682:
903:
658:, where he initiated the building of a coal mine. Between 1816 and 1824 he was the
354:
413:, are considered among the most influential works of the Polish Enlightenment. In
981:
282:(he was baptised on 6 November 1755), the youngest of four siblings. His father,
3538:
3350:
3345:
3310:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3254:
3229:
3194:
3129:
3119:
2859:
2692:
2477:
2273:
2047:
1886:
1765:
1748:
1743:
1707:
778:
738:
686:
647:
582:
551:
512:
422:
324:
On returning to Poland in 1781, he accepted a position as tutor in the house of
310:
275:
219:
211:
203:
171:
166:
3563:
601:. In 1819 he endorsed a controversial censorship law, damaging his reputation.
3543:
3365:
3016:
2844:
2697:
2677:
2662:
2632:
1881:
1792:
1649:
1624:
1614:
643:
363:
306:
227:
207:
3508:
3380:
1723:
1644:
634:
1054:
Queen Liberty: The Concept of Freedom in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
302:
1537:
Pierwsze rezultaty poszukiwań śladów pobytu Stanisława Staszica we Francji
257:. Staszic is seen as the father of Polish geology, statistics, sociology,
3460:
3430:
3124:
2983:
2950:
2082:
1677:
1670:
378:
294:
290:
198:(baptised 6 November 1755 – 20 January 1826) was a leading figure in the
3164:
2945:
2940:
1552:
1447:
The stamp was issued with a denomination of 25 groszy and is listed in
773:
651:
374:
279:
80:
17:
2787:
3487:
3094:
1753:
1547:
794:
730:
481:
454:
298:
215:
176:
102:
3315:
1639:
875:
853:"On the Origin of Mountains in Former Sarmatia and Later Poland" (
691:
606:
486:
342:
1529:
2791:
1813:
1594:
1556:
1467:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.550
1391:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.548
1368:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.546
1345:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.549
1294:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.547
1263:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.545
1246:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.544
1123:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.542
1100:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.543
955:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.541
932:, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Zeszyt 175 (T.42/4), 2011, p.540
785:. He has been made a patron of over 200 schools, including the
245:), of which he became president. He served as a member of the
202:: a Catholic priest, philosopher, geologist, writer, poet,
1046:
1044:
511:, where he continued his geological studies and conducted
768:
In April 1951, he was honoured on a postage stamp of the
685:
Agricultural Society), seen by some as the first Polish
986:. Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne. pp. 36–37.
1423:
Marek Wrede; Hanna Małachowicz; Paweł Sadlej (2007).
1139:. Central European University Press. pp. 88–89.
789:
in Kraków. There are statues of Stanisław Staszic in
1477:
1475:
1473:
1173:. University of Washington Press. pp. 317–318.
3496:
3293:
3070:
3040:
3002:
2959:
2921:
2914:
2825:
2711:
2613:
2570:
2549:
2496:
2465:
2449:
2396:
2330:
2282:
2246:
2213:
2132:
2091:
1935:
1824:
152:
135:
125:
113:
91:
66:
41:
461:, invested in their estates, and lent them money.
230:" (1788–92) and for his large support towards the
855:O ziemorództwie gór dawnej Sarmacji, potem Polski
765:with several studies, articles and publications.
362:, 1787), published anonymously on the eve of the
1425:Konstytucja 3 Maja. Historia. Obraz. Konsweracja
585:ally of Poland, and favored the idea of a great
445:(Anna Jadwiga Sapieżyna). He supported the 1794
1427:. Zamek Królewski w Warszawie. pp. 26–31.
261:studies and exploration, mining and industry.
2803:
1568:
650:. He was also involved in the development of
8:
1697:
1668:
1654:
1051:Anna Grze?kowiak-Krwawicz (17 August 2012).
831:His best-known works include the following:
3639:18th-century Polish–Lithuanian philosophers
1763:
331:. In 1782 he received a doctorate from the
2918:
2810:
2796:
2788:
1821:
1810:
1602:
1591:
1575:
1561:
1553:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1133:Balázs Trencsényi; Michal Kopeček (2006).
646:-related projects, from mines to zinc and
523:he worked with the Ministry of Education (
38:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1201:Saulius A. Suziedelis (7 February 2011).
1017:Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945
835:"Remarks upon the Life of Jan Zamoyski" (
394:he even supported the introduction of an
253:and as minister of trade and industry in
27:Polish philosopher and writer (1755–1826)
1449:Scott's Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
938:
925:
923:
921:
919:
860:"On the Reasons of Jewish Noxiousness" (
787:AGH University of Science and Technology
724:
468:
975:
973:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
961:
915:
604:His 1815 Polish translation of Homer's
317:, where he took classes in physics and
30:For the village in eastern Poland, see
1170:The Polish-Lithuanian State: 1386–1795
983:Uchwalenie i obrona Konstytucji 3 Maja
745:". He was also the protagonist of the
525:Izba Edukacyjna Księstwa Warszawskiego
519:on a geological map of Poland. In the
1530:Website of the Staszic Museum in Piła
749:' novella "Judge Not" (1851), and of
505:Warsaw Society of Friends of Learning
289:Staszic attended secondary school at
239:Warsaw Society of Friends of Learning
7:
409:, 1790), together with his previous
678:Hrubieszowskie Towarzystwo Rolnicze
1204:Historical Dictionary of Lithuania
530:From 1808 he was president of the
309:a Catholic priest (he took lesser
274:Stanisław Staszic was born into a
25:
1014:Halina Lerski (30 January 1996).
837:Uwagi nad życiem Jana Zamoyskiego
570:, which came to be known as the "
360:Uwagi nad życiem Jana Zamoyskiego
3669:19th-century Polish male writers
3644:19th-century Polish philosophers
3574:
3562:
3456:Stratification of emotional life
2905:
2899:
2893:
2771:
2770:
874:A Polish translation of Homer's
862:O przyczynach szkodliwości Żydów
419:magnates of Poland and Lithuania
194:
117:Philosopher, educator and writer
55:
49:
1505:"Stanisław Staszic (1755-1826)"
1207:. Scarecrow Press. p. 85.
889:History of philosophy in Poland
753:'s novel "Pucharek ze srebra" (
3629:19th-century Polish geologists
1540:, Konspekt 3/2005, Kraków 2005
1534:Daszkiewicz P., Tarkowski R.,
729:Stanisław Staszic monument in
532:Society of Friends of Learning
1:
3654:Polish Roman Catholic priests
3614:Polish cooperative organizers
669:Staropolski Okręg Przemysłowy
624:Ród Ludzki. Poema Dydaktyczne
618:). Volumes 7–9 comprised his
1700:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
706:Camaldolese Hermit Monastery
628:history of Polish philosophy
503:. In 1800 he co-founded the
192:Stanisław Wawrzyniec Staszic
3048:Theological intellectualism
1669:
799:Museum of Stanisław Staszic
770:People's Republic of Poland
743:Constitution of May 3, 1791
577:From 1814 he supported the
536:Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk
428:Constitution of May 3, 1791
32:Staszic, Lublin Voivodeship
3700:
3619:Enlightenment philosophers
3426:Principle of double effect
1544:Works by Stanisław Staszic
1485:(in Polish). 26 April 2010
842:"Warnings for Poland" (or
751:Hanna Muszyńska-Hoffmanowa
664:Old Polish Industrial Area
620:Humankind: A Didactic Poem
544:Polish Academy of Sciences
474:Polish Academy of Sciences
451:Second Partition of Poland
435:Aleksander August Zamoyski
243:Polish Academy of Sciences
232:Constitution of 3 May 1791
29:
3557:
2891:
2757:
1820:
1809:
1714:Methodological skepticism
1605:
1601:
1590:
1451:as Poland #511. "Poland"
1020:. ABC-CLIO. p. 678.
815:Order of Saint Stanislaus
599:Order of Saint Stanislaus
439:Stanisław Kostka Zamoyski
353:Remarks upon the Life of
185:
121:
48:
3674:19th-century translators
3649:Polish political writers
980:Krzysztof Bauer (1991).
821:Order of the White Eagle
755:Little chalice of silver
234:, adopted by that Sejm.
3053:Theological voluntarism
704:. He was buried in the
675:In 1816 he founded the
3569:Catholicism portal
1764:
1698:
1664:Enlightened absolutism
1655:
763:Second Polish Republic
733:
697:
517:Jan Chrystian Hoffmann
492:
484:
383:inefficient governance
381:(Polish nobility) for
348:
347:Staszic by W. Barwicki
326:Grand Crown Chancellor
278:family in the town of
228:Great (Four-Year) Sejm
3581:Philosophy portal
3396:Infused righteousness
1630:Counter-Enlightenment
1413:. Official town page.
1167:Daniel Stone (2001).
1057:. BRILL. p. 27.
848:Przestrogi dla Polski
728:
695:
542:), forerunner to the
515:ones. He worked with
490:
472:
346:
297:and graduated from a
3684:Translators of Homer
3679:Polish Enlightenment
3529:Doctor of the Church
3411:Ontological argument
1584:Age of Enlightenment
1409:20 June 2012 at the
548:Polska Akademia Nauk
501:Carpathian Mountains
417:, he criticised the
200:Polish Enlightenment
162:Polish Enlightenment
130:Age of Enlightenment
3356:Divine illumination
3012:Augustinian realism
2880:Theological virtues
2819:Catholic philosophy
2590:Feijóo y Montenegro
2541:Vorontsova-Dashkova
1546:in digital library
1483:"Stanisław Staszic"
447:Kościuszko Uprising
3659:Polish translators
3634:Polish geographers
3524:Islamic philosophy
3478:Trademark argument
3371:Formal distinction
3321:Augustinian values
2994:Analytical Thomism
2974:Christian humanism
1729:Natural philosophy
844:Warnings to Poland
741:'s 1891 painting "
734:
698:
493:
485:
349:
284:Wawrzyniec Staszic
241:(precursor to the
237:He co-founded the
140:Western philosophy
3664:Polish male poets
3589:
3588:
3504:Catholic theology
3451:Seven deadly sins
3421:Peripatetic axiom
3331:Cartesian dualism
3066:
3065:
3032:Scotistic realism
2989:Neo-scholasticism
2785:
2784:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2748:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1778:Scientific method
1635:Critical thinking
1465:Staszic Stanisław
1455:, volume 5 (2011)
1434:978-83-7022-172-0
1389:Staszic Stanisław
1366:Staszic Stanisław
1343:Staszic Stanisław
1292:Staszic Stanisław
1261:Staszic Stanisław
1244:Staszic Stanisław
1214:978-0-8108-7536-4
1180:978-0-295-80362-3
1146:978-963-7326-52-3
1121:Staszic Stanisław
1098:Staszic Stanisław
1064:978-90-04-23121-4
1027:978-0-313-03456-5
993:978-83-02-04615-5
953:Staszic Stanisław
930:Staszic Stanisław
803:Staszic Notebooks
396:absolute monarchy
315:Collège de France
222:(after 1815) and
189:
188:
145:Polish philosophy
61:Stanisław Staszic
43:Stanisław Staszic
16:(Redirected from
3691:
3624:People from Piła
3579:
3578:
3577:
3567:
3566:
3391:Homo unius libri
3336:Cogito, ergo sum
3326:Cardinal virtues
3027:Moderate realism
2919:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2896:
2835:Cardinal virtues
2812:
2805:
2798:
2789:
2774:
2773:
1822:
1811:
1769:
1703:
1674:
1660:
1603:
1592:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1554:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1479:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1420:
1414:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1369:
1363:
1346:
1340:
1295:
1289:
1264:
1258:
1247:
1241:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1101:
1095:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1048:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1000:
977:
956:
950:
933:
927:
656:Dąbrowa Górnicza
459:Sapieha families
333:Zamojski Academy
329:Andrzej Zamoyski
305:in 1778 and was
197:
98:
76:
74:
59:
53:
39:
21:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3594:
3593:
3590:
3585:
3575:
3573:
3561:
3553:
3514:Aristotelianism
3492:
3341:Dehellenization
3289:
3062:
3058:Foundationalism
3036:
2998:
2955:
2910:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2875:Social teaching
2821:
2816:
2786:
2781:
2780:
2767:
2745:
2707:
2609:
2566:
2545:
2492:
2461:
2457:Carvalho e Melo
2445:
2392:
2326:
2278:
2242:
2209:
2128:
2087:
1931:
1816:
1797:
1783:Spanish America
1657:Encyclopédistes
1620:Civil liberties
1597:
1586:
1581:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1510:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1471:
1463:
1459:
1446:
1442:
1435:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1411:Wayback Machine
1404:Historia miasta
1400:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1372:
1364:
1349:
1341:
1298:
1290:
1267:
1259:
1250:
1242:
1229:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1119:
1104:
1096:
1079:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1050:
1049:
1042:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1013:
1012:
1008:
998:
996:
994:
979:
978:
959:
951:
936:
928:
917:
912:
885:
829:
811:
747:Charles Dickens
723:
714:
696:Grave in Warsaw
591:Congress Poland
521:Duchy of Warsaw
509:Tatra Mountains
495:After Poland's
467:
423:monastic orders
341:
319:natural history
272:
267:
259:Tatra Mountains
255:Congress Poland
251:Duchy of Warsaw
224:laissez-fairist
181:
109:
107:Congress Poland
100:
96:
95:20 January 1826
87:
78:
77:6 November 1755
72:
70:
62:
54:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3697:
3695:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3596:
3595:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3571:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3500:
3498:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3416:Pascal's wager
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3376:Guardian angel
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3076:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2931:Augustinianism
2927:
2925:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2840:Divine command
2837:
2831:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2792:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2619:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2219:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1927:Wollstonecraft
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1704:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1666:
1661:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1606:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1541:
1532:
1525:
1524:External links
1522:
1519:
1518:
1496:
1469:
1457:
1440:
1433:
1415:
1393:
1370:
1347:
1296:
1265:
1248:
1227:
1213:
1193:
1179:
1159:
1145:
1125:
1102:
1077:
1063:
1040:
1026:
1006:
992:
957:
934:
914:
913:
911:
908:
907:
906:
901:
896:
891:
884:
881:
880:
879:
872:
865:
858:
851:
840:
828:
825:
824:
823:
819:Knight of the
817:
810:
807:
722:
719:
713:
710:
702:Józef Zajączek
595:personal union
579:Russian Empire
572:Staszic Palace
491:Staszic, 1820s
478:Staszic Palace
466:
463:
340:
337:
271:
268:
266:
263:
187:
186:
183:
182:
180:
179:
174:
169:
164:
158:
156:
150:
149:
148:
147:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
101:
99:(aged 70)
93:
89:
88:
79:
68:
64:
63:
60:
46:
45:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3696:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3592:
3582:
3572:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3550:
3549:Phenomenology
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3446:Rota Fortunae
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3406:Occam's razor
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3386:Head of a pin
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3301:Actus Essendi
3299:
3298:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3135:Chateaubriand
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3022:Conceptualism
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2936:Scholasticism
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2886:
2885:Virtue ethics
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2870:Seven virtues
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2813:
2808:
2806:
2801:
2799:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2777:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2756:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2713:United States
2710:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2473:Budai-Deleanu
2471:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1837:Ashley-Cooper
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1812:
1808:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1739:Progressivism
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1688:Individualism
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1484:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1444:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1426:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1216:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1197:
1194:
1182:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1163:
1160:
1148:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1066:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1029:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1010:
1007:
995:
989:
985:
984:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
958:
954:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
935:
931:
926:
924:
922:
920:
916:
909:
905:
902:
900:
899:Hugo Kołłątaj
897:
895:
894:List of Poles
892:
890:
887:
886:
882:
877:
873:
870:
867:"Humankind" (
866:
863:
859:
856:
852:
849:
845:
841:
838:
834:
833:
832:
826:
822:
818:
816:
813:
812:
808:
806:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
775:
771:
766:
764:
760:
759:Wacław Berent
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
732:
727:
720:
718:
711:
709:
707:
703:
694:
690:
688:
684:
680:
679:
673:
671:
670:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
639:
636:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
608:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:State Council
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
489:
483:
479:
475:
471:
464:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
443:Anna Zamoyska
440:
436:
431:
429:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
388:
387:republicanism
384:
380:
376:
372:
367:
365:
361:
357:
356:
345:
338:
336:
334:
330:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
293:. He studied
292:
287:
285:
281:
277:
269:
264:
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
247:State Council
244:
240:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
196:
193:
184:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
159:
157:
155:
151:
146:
143:
142:
141:
138:
134:
131:
128:
124:
120:
116:
114:Occupation(s)
112:
108:
104:
94:
90:
86:
82:
69:
65:
58:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
3591:
3519:Neoplatonism
3441:Ressentiment
3436:Quinque viae
3401:Memento mori
3361:Double truth
3306:Actus primus
3072:Philosophers
2979:Cartesianism
2761:
2506:Catherine II
2435:
1958:Beaumarchais
1788:Universality
1759:Reductionism
1706:
1683:Human rights
1536:
1511:19 September
1509:. Retrieved
1499:
1489:19 September
1487:. Retrieved
1464:
1460:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1424:
1418:
1396:
1388:
1365:
1342:
1291:
1260:
1243:
1218:. Retrieved
1203:
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1169:
1162:
1150:. Retrieved
1135:
1128:
1120:
1097:
1068:. Retrieved
1053:
1031:. Retrieved
1016:
1009:
997:. Retrieved
982:
952:
929:
904:Piotr Skarga
868:
861:
854:
847:
843:
836:
830:
802:
767:
754:
735:
715:
712:Private life
699:
676:
674:
667:
659:
640:
635:evolutionism
632:
623:
619:
615:
611:
605:
603:
581:, seen as a
576:
567:
563:
559:
547:
539:
535:
529:
524:
513:ethnographic
494:
432:
414:
410:
406:
402:
400:
391:
370:
368:
359:
355:Jan Zamoyski
352:
350:
323:
288:
273:
236:
191:
190:
97:(1826-01-20)
36:
3609:1826 deaths
3604:1755 births
3539:Rationalism
3534:Renaissance
3466:Augustinian
3351:Disputation
3346:Differentia
3311:Actus purus
3215:Malebranche
3130:Bonaventure
2865:Personalism
2860:Natural law
2855:Probabilism
2763:Romanticism
2585:Charles III
2426:Poniatowski
2363:Leeuwenhoek
2343:de la Court
2331:Netherlands
2175:Mendelssohn
2170:Lichtenberg
2048:Montesquieu
1766:Sapere aude
1749:Rationalism
1744:Rationality
1734:Objectivity
1507:(in Polish)
1401:(in Polish)
783:Jan Lohmann
779:Jan Czeczot
739:Jan Matejko
721:Remembrance
687:cooperative
648:steel mills
583:Pan-Slavist
552:referendary
398:in Poland.
369:Within his
311:Holy orders
220:pan-Slavist
172:Pan-Slavism
167:Physiocracy
3598:Categories
3544:Empiricism
3366:Evil demon
3140:Chesterton
3017:Nominalism
3004:Universals
2845:Just price
2605:Villarroel
2600:Jovellanos
2536:Radishchev
2483:Micu-Klein
2421:Niemcewicz
2388:Swammerdam
2378:Nieuwentyt
2368:Mandeville
2223:Farmakidis
2109:Burlamaqui
2018:La Mettrie
1993:Fontenelle
1948:d'Argenson
1943:d'Alembert
1867:Harrington
1793:Utopianism
1693:Liberalism
1650:Empiricism
1625:Classicism
1615:Capitalism
910:References
869:Ród Ludzki
683:Hrubieszów
644:metallurgy
560:Rada Stanu
497:partitions
364:Great Sejm
301:school at
270:Early life
212:physiocrat
204:translator
73:1755-11-06
3509:Platonism
3483:Univocity
3381:Haecceity
3260:Ratzinger
3225:Montaigne
3205:MacIntyre
3160:Dionysius
3155:Descartes
3115:Augustine
2969:Salamanca
2726:Jefferson
2668:Hutcheson
2557:Obradović
2526:Lomonosov
2521:Kheraskov
2431:Śniadecki
2195:Weishaupt
2190:Thomasius
2180:Pufendorf
2023:Lavoisier
2008:d'Holbach
2003:Helvétius
1983:Descartes
1978:Condorcet
1973:Condillac
1907:Priestley
1724:Modernity
1645:Democracy
999:2 January
465:Late life
208:statesman
3471:Irenaean
3461:Theodicy
3431:Quiddity
3294:Concepts
3220:Maritain
3190:Krasicki
3180:Gassendi
3170:Eriugena
3125:Boethius
3100:Anscombe
3090:Albertus
2984:Molinism
2951:Occamism
2923:Medieval
2850:Just war
2776:Category
2721:Franklin
2688:Playfair
2658:Ferguson
2615:Scotland
2562:Mrazović
2516:Kantemir
2511:Fonvizin
2450:Portugal
2416:Krasicki
2411:Konarski
2406:Kołłątaj
2358:Koerbagh
2307:Genovesi
2292:Beccaria
2254:Berkeley
2185:Schiller
2150:Humboldt
2124:Saussure
2119:Rousseau
2083:Voltaire
2038:Maréchal
2013:Jaucourt
1968:Châtelet
1963:Chamfort
1912:Reynolds
1815:Thinkers
1719:Midlands
1708:Lumières
1678:Humanism
1671:Haskalah
1407:Archived
1220:11 April
1186:11 April
1152:11 April
1070:11 April
883:See also
660:de facto
415:Warnings
379:szlachta
339:Reformer
307:ordained
295:theology
3497:Related
3285:Wojtyła
3265:Scheler
3210:Maistre
3200:Lombard
3185:Isidore
3165:Erasmus
3145:Clement
3110:Aquinas
3080:Abelard
2946:Scotism
2941:Thomism
2915:Schools
2731:Madison
2703:Stewart
2643:Burnett
2638:Boswell
2623:Beattie
2595:Moratín
2580:Cadalso
2531:Novikov
2466:Romania
2441:Wybicki
2436:Staszic
2383:Spinoza
2353:Huygens
2348:Grotius
2302:Galvani
2297:Galiani
2247:Ireland
2228:Feraios
2200:Wieland
2165:Lessing
2160:Leibniz
2133:Germany
2114:Prévost
2099:Abauzit
2063:Quesnay
2053:Morelly
2043:Meslier
2028:Leclerc
1988:Diderot
1877:Johnson
1852:Collins
1847:Bentham
1832:Addison
1825:England
1773:Science
1610:Atheism
878:(1815).
871:, 1820)
864:, 1818)
857:, 1815)
850:, 1790)
839:, 1787)
774:Marxist
652:ceramic
554:to the
411:Remarks
392:Remarks
375:serfdom
371:Remarks
276:burgher
249:of the
18:Staszic
3488:Utopia
3280:Suárez
3270:Scotus
3255:Rahner
3245:Pascal
3235:Newman
3175:Ficino
3105:Anselm
3095:Alcuin
2961:Modern
2827:Ethics
2683:Newton
2673:Hutton
2653:Cullen
2550:Serbia
2498:Russia
2488:Șincai
2398:Poland
2338:Bekker
2312:Pagano
2274:Toland
2238:Korais
2233:Kairis
2215:Greece
2145:Herder
2140:Goethe
2104:Bonnet
2092:Geneva
2078:Turgot
2068:Raynal
2058:Pascal
1998:Gouges
1936:France
1922:Tindal
1917:Sidney
1892:Newton
1887:Milton
1862:Godwin
1857:Gibbon
1754:Reason
1596:Topics
1548:Polona
1431:
1211:
1177:
1143:
1061:
1033:2 July
1024:
990:
809:Awards
795:Kielce
731:Kielce
616:Dzieła
587:Slavic
482:Warsaw
455:Vienna
303:Poznań
299:Jesuit
216:monist
177:Monism
154:School
136:Region
103:Warsaw
85:Poland
3316:Aevum
3275:Stein
3240:Occam
3195:Llull
3120:Bacon
3085:Adler
3041:Other
2741:Paine
2736:Mason
2698:Smith
2648:Burns
2633:Blair
2628:Black
2572:Spain
2478:Maior
2373:Meyer
2317:Verri
2284:Italy
2269:Swift
2264:Burke
2259:Boyle
2205:Wolff
2033:Mably
1953:Bayle
1902:Price
1882:Locke
1872:Hooke
1842:Bacon
1640:Deism
1453:Scott
876:Iliad
827:Works
612:Works
607:Iliad
538:, or
291:Wałcz
3250:Pico
3230:More
3150:Cusa
2693:Reid
2678:Mill
2663:Hume
2322:Vico
2155:Kant
2073:Sade
1897:Pope
1513:2021
1491:2021
1429:ISBN
1222:2013
1209:ISBN
1188:2013
1175:ISBN
1154:2013
1141:ISBN
1072:2013
1059:ISBN
1035:2012
1022:ISBN
1001:2012
988:ISBN
791:Łódź
781:and
593:(in
351:His
280:Piła
265:Life
210:. A
206:and
92:Died
81:Piła
67:Born
805:).
757:).
574:".
568:TPN
564:TPN
540:TPN
480:),
126:Era
3600::
1472:^
1373:^
1350:^
1299:^
1268:^
1251:^
1230:^
1105:^
1080:^
1043:^
960:^
937:^
918:^
846:,
793:,
689:.
437:,
430:.
421:,
321:.
218:,
214:,
105:,
83:,
2811:e
2804:t
2797:v
2765:→
1576:e
1569:t
1562:v
1515:.
1493:.
1437:.
1224:.
1190:.
1156:.
1074:.
1037:.
1003:.
681:(
666:(
622:(
614:(
558:(
546:(
534:(
476:(
405:(
358:(
75:)
71:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
