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The position of stipules on a plant varies widely from species to species, though they are often located near the base of a leaf. Stipules are most common on dicotyledons, where they appear in pairs alongside each leaf. Some monocotyledon plants display stipule-like structures, but only display one
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A stipule is "interpetiolar" if it is located in between the petioles, as opposed to being attached to the petioles, and generally one stipule from each leaf is fused together, so it appears that there's just one stipule between each leaf.
357:, deciduous and persistent. Caducous stipules fall off before the leaf unfolds, while deciduous stipules fall off immediately after the leaf unfolds. Persistent stipules remain attached to the plant.
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It is known that foliaceous stipules are used like leaves to make energy for the plants. Sometimes stipules protect the next leaf or bud as it grows in then falls off after the leaf unfolds, as with
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A stipule is "intrapetiolar" if it is located in the angle that's between a stem and a petiole. In this case, the two stipules generally form together and appear to be one stipule.
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A stipule is considered a "bud scale" if it is hard or scaly and protects leaf buds as they form. These generally fall off as soon as the leaf unfolds.
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A stipule is considered to be "abaxial", "counter" or "leaf opposed" if it's located on the opposite side to where the leaf meets the stem.
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Stipules can be considered free lateral, adnate, interpetiolar, intrapetiolar, ochreate, foliaceous, bud scales, tendrillar or spiny.
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per leaf. A relationship exists between the anatomy of the stem node and the presence or absence of stipules: most plants with
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A stipule is considered "tendrillar" if they are long thin tendrils, and are generally used by climbing plants.
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A stipule is "ochreate" if a single stipule appears to be a solid tube that goes all the way around the stem.
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Esau, K. 1953. Plant
Anatomy. Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, London, Sidney. 767 pp.
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A stipule is "adnate" if it's fused together on part of the petiole length, but the anterior is still free.
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is an outgrowth typically borne on both sides (sometimes on just one side) of the base of a leafstalk (the
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433:. Vol. Part 2 Special organography. Translated by I.B. Balfour. New York: Hofner publishing company.
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A stipule is considered "spiny" if they are long and pointy. These are generally used to deter animals.
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Stipules have various functions. Some stipules are not well understood or may be vestigial.
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A stipule is "foliaceous" if it is leaf-like. These are generally used to photosynthesize.
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A stipule can be fused to the stem, or to the other stipule from the same node.
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A Manual of Botany: Anatomical and
Physiological for the Use of Students
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If a single stipule goes all the way around the stem, it is known as an
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Organography of plants, especially of the
Archegoniatae and Spermaphyta
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Plant Form: An
Illustrated Guide to Flowering Plant Morphology
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Stipules are morphologically variable and might appear as
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The three types of stipules according to duration are
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597:"What are Stipules and what are its types ?"
8:
569:Wyk, Braam Van; Wyk, Piet Van (2007-01-01).
557:Caducous, Deciduous and Persistent stipules.
264:Stipular spines accompanied by prickles of
463:Sinnott, E. W. & I. W. Bailey (1914).
140:Fused together and leaf-like stipules of
572:How to Identify Trees in Southern Africa
551:. A.S. Barnes & H.L. Burr. pp.
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27:Appendage of a leaf in flowering plants
361:According to shape, size and position
333:, or laminar (leaf-like) structures.
193:Stipules building glandular hairs on
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213:Stipules protecting young leaves of
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513:. Timber Press. pp. 74–79.
168:Leafy stipules at the base of a
607:from the original on 2021-03-02
527:from the original on 2023-04-14
446:Wordsworth Editions Ltd. 1994,
507:Bell, Adrian D. (2008-01-01).
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548:Botany of the Southern States
625:Brown, Robert (1874-01-01).
314:have stipules; species with
244:Stipular spine clusters of
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575:. Struik. pp. 33–36.
545:Darby, John (1860-01-01).
469:American Journal of Botany
444:Concise English Dictionary
427:Goebel, K.E.v. (1969) .
302:General characteristics
115:Stipular spines on the
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175:Rosa canina
53:exstipulate
611:2017-04-04
531:2020-10-20
415:References
325:, scales,
316:unilacunar
309:trilacunar
58:prophylls
671:Category
637:stipule.
605:Archived
525:Archived
355:caducous
117:mesquite
66:Linnaeus
18:Stipules
489:2435043
73:stipula
62:stipule
40:petiole
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338:ochrea
331:spines
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119:tree (
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32:botany
555:-61.
485:JSTOR
344:Types
327:hairs
312:nodes
70:Latin
68:from
577:ISBN
515:ISBN
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170:Rose
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34:, a
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