Knowledge (XXG)

Studentization

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of the mean, which depends on both the location and scale parameters, has been reduced to considering a distribution which depends only on the location parameter. However, the fact that a sample standard deviation is used, rather than the unknown population standard deviation, complicates the
50:. The term is also used for the standardisation of a higher-degree statistic by another statistic of the same degree: for example, an estimate of the third central moment would be standardised by dividing by the cube of the sample standard deviation. 1593: 2098: 2248: 1872: 513: 2563: 1646: 2085: 508: 208: 46:, is the adjustment consisting of division of a first-degree statistic derived from a sample, by a sample-based estimate of a population 1112: 260: 2500: 1895: 1787: 179: 158: 138: 2073: 1947: 2131: 1792: 1537: 908: 498: 1122: 2182: 1394: 1201: 1090: 1048: 287: 2556: 2425: 1384: 1434: 1976: 1925: 1910: 1900: 1769: 1641: 1608: 1389: 1219: 2045: 1346: 2582: 2320: 2121: 1100: 769: 233: 2205: 2172: 2177: 1920: 1679: 1585: 1565: 1473: 1184: 1002: 485: 357: 82: 1351: 1117: 975: 53:
A simple example is the process of dividing a sample mean by the sample standard deviation when data arise from a
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The Advanced Theory of Statistics. Volume 2: Inference and Relationship
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Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH)
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(1973) 2520: 2494: 2482: 2470: 2457: 2456: 2132:Least-squares spectral analysis 1113:Mean-unbiased minimum-variance 1: 2426:Geographic information system 1642:Simultaneous equations models 1609:Coefficient of determination 1220:Uniformly most powerful test 66:of a Studentized statistic. 2178:Proportional hazards models 2122:Spectral density estimation 2104:Vector autoregression (VAR) 1538:Maximum posterior estimator 770:Randomized controlled trial 62:mathematics of finding the 2604: 2515: 1938:Multivariate distributions 358:Average absolute deviation 2452: 2255: 2242: 1926:Structural equation model 1834: 1809: 1580: 1556: 1288: 1262:Score/Lagrange multiplier 868: 855: 677:Sample size determination 638: 625: 255: 242: 224: 2421:Environmental statistics 1943:Elliptical distributions 1736:Generalized linear model 1665:Simple linear regression 1435:Hodges–Lehmann estimator 892:Probability distribution 801:Stochastic approximation 363:Coefficient of variation 71:computational statistics 64:probability distribution 59:probability distribution 2081:Cross-correlation (XCF) 1689:Non-standard predictors 1123:Lehmann–ScheffĂ© theorem 796:Adaptive clinical trial 2532:-related article is a 2477:Mathematics portal 2298:Engineering statistics 2206:Nelson–Aalen estimator 1783:Analysis of covariance 1670:Ordinary least squares 1594:Pearson product-moment 998:Statistical functional 909:Empirical distribution 742:Controlled experiments 471:Frequency distribution 249:Descriptive statistics 39:, who wrote under the 2393:Population statistics 2335:System identification 2069:Autocorrelation (ACF) 1997:Exponential smoothing 1911:Discriminant analysis 1906:Canonical correlation 1770:Partition of variance 1632:Regression validation 1476:(Jonckheere–Terpstra) 1375:Likelihood-ratio test 1064:Frequentist inference 976:Location–scale family 897:Sampling distribution 862:Statistical inference 829:Cross-sectional study 816:Observational studies 775:Randomized experiment 604:Stem-and-leaf display 406:Central limit theorem 55:location-scale family 2316:Probabilistic design 1901:Principal components 1744:Exponential families 1696:Nonlinear regression 1675:General linear model 1637:Mixed effects models 1627:Errors and residuals 1604:Confounding variable 1506:Bayesian probability 1484:Van der Waerden test 1474:Ordered alternative 1239:Multiple comparisons 1118:Rao–Blackwellization 1081:Estimating equations 1037:Statistical distance 755:Factorial experiment 288:Arithmetic-Geometric 100:Studentized residual 81:and, in particular, 75:confidence intervals 37:William Sealy Gosset 2388:Official statistics 2311:Methods engineering 1992:Seasonal adjustment 1760:Poisson regressions 1680:Bayesian regression 1619:Regression analysis 1599:Partial correlation 1571:Regression analysis 1170:Prediction interval 1165:Likelihood interval 1155:Confidence interval 1147:Interval estimation 1108:Unbiased estimators 926:Model specification 806:Up-and-down designs 494:Partial correlation 450:Index of dispersion 368:Interquartile range 2583:Statistical ratios 2408:Spatial statistics 2288:Medical statistics 2188:First hitting time 2142:Whittle likelihood 1793:Degrees of freedom 1788:Multivariate ANOVA 1721:Heteroscedasticity 1533:Bayesian estimator 1498:Bayesian inference 1347:Kolmogorov–Smirnov 1232:Randomization test 1202:Testing hypotheses 1175:Tolerance interval 1086:Maximum likelihood 981:Exponential family 914:Density estimation 874:Statistical theory 834:Natural experiment 780:Scientific control 697:Survey methodology 383:Standard deviation 129:Dodge, Y. (2003) 48:standard deviation 2545: 2544: 2510: 2509: 2448: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2383:National accounts 2353:Actuarial science 2345:Social statistics 2238: 2237: 2234: 2233: 2230: 2229: 2165:Survival function 2150: 2149: 2012:Granger causality 1853:Contingency table 1828:Survival analysis 1805: 1804: 1801: 1800: 1657:Linear regression 1552: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1523:Credible interval 1492: 1491: 1275: 1274: 1091:Method of moments 960:Parametric family 921:Statistical model 851: 850: 847: 846: 765:Random assignment 687:Statistical power 621: 620: 617: 616: 466:Contingency table 436: 435: 303:Generalized/power 161:(Section 20.31–2) 95:Studentized range 16:(Redirected from 2595: 2588:Statistics stubs 2566: 2559: 2552: 2524: 2517: 2498: 2497: 2486: 2485: 2475: 2474: 2460: 2459: 2363:Crime statistics 2257: 2244: 2161: 2127:Fourier analysis 2114:Frequency domain 2094: 2041: 2007:Structural break 1967: 1916:Cluster analysis 1863:Log-linear model 1836: 1811: 1752: 1726:Homoscedasticity 1582: 1558: 1477: 1469: 1461: 1460:(Kruskal–Wallis) 1445: 1430: 1385:Cross validation 1370: 1352:Anderson–Darling 1299: 1286: 1257:Likelihood-ratio 1249:Parametric tests 1227:Permutation test 1210:1- & 2-tails 1101:Minimum distance 1073:Point estimation 1069: 1020:Optimal decision 971: 870: 857: 839:Quasi-experiment 789:Adaptive designs 640: 627: 504:Rank correlation 266: 257: 244: 211: 204: 197: 188: 182: 168: 162: 147: 141: 127: 112:Pivotal quantity 21: 2603: 2602: 2598: 2597: 2596: 2594: 2593: 2592: 2573: 2572: 2571: 2570: 2513: 2511: 2506: 2469: 2440: 2402: 2339: 2325:quality control 2292: 2274:Clinical trials 2251: 2226: 2210: 2198:Hazard function 2192: 2146: 2108: 2092: 2055: 2051:Breusch–Godfrey 2039: 2016: 1956: 1931:Factor analysis 1877: 1858:Graphical model 1830: 1797: 1764: 1750: 1730: 1684: 1651: 1613: 1576: 1575: 1544: 1488: 1475: 1467: 1459: 1443: 1428: 1407:Rank statistics 1401: 1380:Model selection 1368: 1326:Goodness of fit 1320: 1297: 1271: 1243: 1196: 1141: 1130:Median unbiased 1058: 969: 902:Order statistic 864: 843: 810: 784: 736: 691: 634: 632:Data collection 613: 525: 480: 454: 432: 392: 344: 261:Continuous data 251: 238: 220: 215: 185: 169: 165: 148: 144: 128: 124: 120: 108: 91: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2601: 2599: 2591: 2590: 2585: 2575: 2574: 2569: 2568: 2561: 2554: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2525: 2508: 2507: 2505: 2504: 2492: 2480: 2466: 2453: 2450: 2449: 2446: 2445: 2442: 2441: 2439: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2412: 2410: 2404: 2403: 2401: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2370: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2349: 2347: 2341: 2340: 2338: 2337: 2332: 2327: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2302: 2300: 2294: 2293: 2291: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2271: 2269:Bioinformatics 2265: 2263: 2253: 2252: 2247: 2240: 2239: 2236: 2235: 2232: 2231: 2228: 2227: 2225: 2224: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2211: 2209: 2208: 2202: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2191: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2169: 2167: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2148: 2147: 2145: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2118: 2116: 2110: 2109: 2107: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2077: 2076: 2074:partial (PACF) 2065: 2063: 2057: 2056: 2054: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2035: 2030: 2024: 2022: 2021:Specific tests 2018: 2017: 2015: 2014: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1973: 1971: 1964: 1958: 1957: 1955: 1954: 1953: 1952: 1951: 1950: 1935: 1934: 1933: 1923: 1921:Classification 1918: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1893: 1887: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1876: 1875: 1870: 1868:McNemar's test 1865: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1844: 1842: 1832: 1831: 1814: 1807: 1806: 1803: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1796: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1774: 1772: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1762: 1746: 1740: 1738: 1732: 1731: 1729: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1713: 1708: 1706:Semiparametric 1703: 1698: 1692: 1690: 1686: 1685: 1683: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1661: 1659: 1653: 1652: 1650: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1623: 1621: 1615: 1614: 1612: 1611: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1590: 1588: 1578: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1568: 1562: 1561: 1554: 1553: 1550: 1549: 1546: 1545: 1543: 1542: 1541: 1540: 1530: 1525: 1520: 1519: 1518: 1513: 1502: 1500: 1494: 1493: 1490: 1489: 1487: 1486: 1481: 1480: 1479: 1471: 1463: 1447: 1444:(Mann–Whitney) 1439: 1438: 1437: 1424: 1423: 1422: 1411: 1409: 1403: 1402: 1400: 1399: 1398: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1377: 1372: 1369:(Shapiro–Wilk) 1364: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1336: 1330: 1328: 1322: 1321: 1319: 1318: 1310: 1301: 1289: 1283: 1281:Specific tests 1277: 1276: 1273: 1272: 1270: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1253: 1251: 1245: 1244: 1242: 1241: 1236: 1235: 1234: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1212: 1206: 1204: 1198: 1197: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1192: 1187: 1177: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1157: 1151: 1149: 1143: 1142: 1140: 1139: 1134: 1133: 1132: 1127: 1126: 1125: 1120: 1105: 1104: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1077: 1075: 1066: 1060: 1059: 1057: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1045: 1044: 1034: 1029: 1028: 1027: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1010: 1005: 995: 990: 985: 984: 983: 978: 973: 957: 956: 955: 950: 945: 935: 934: 933: 928: 918: 917: 916: 906: 905: 904: 894: 889: 884: 878: 876: 866: 865: 860: 853: 852: 849: 848: 845: 844: 842: 841: 836: 831: 826: 820: 818: 812: 811: 809: 808: 803: 798: 792: 790: 786: 785: 783: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 757: 752: 746: 744: 738: 737: 735: 734: 732:Standard error 729: 724: 719: 718: 717: 712: 701: 699: 693: 692: 690: 689: 684: 679: 674: 669: 664: 662:Optimal design 659: 654: 648: 646: 636: 635: 630: 623: 622: 619: 618: 615: 614: 612: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 551: 546: 541: 535: 533: 527: 526: 524: 523: 518: 517: 516: 511: 501: 496: 490: 488: 482: 481: 479: 478: 473: 468: 462: 460: 459:Summary tables 456: 455: 453: 452: 446: 444: 438: 437: 434: 433: 431: 430: 429: 428: 423: 418: 408: 402: 400: 394: 393: 391: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 354: 352: 346: 345: 343: 342: 337: 332: 331: 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 295: 293:Contraharmonic 290: 285: 274: 272: 263: 253: 252: 247: 240: 239: 237: 236: 231: 225: 222: 221: 216: 214: 213: 206: 199: 191: 184: 183: 163: 142: 121: 119: 116: 115: 114: 107: 104: 103: 102: 97: 90: 87: 35:, named after 33:Studentization 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 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2093:(Box–Jenkins) 2089: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2070: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2058: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2046:Durbin–Watson 2044: 2042: 2036: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2028:Dickey–Fuller 2026: 2025: 2023: 2019: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2002:Cointegration 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1983: 1980: 1978: 1977:Decomposition 1975: 1974: 1972: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1959: 1949: 1946: 1945: 1944: 1941: 1940: 1939: 1936: 1932: 1929: 1928: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1886: 1884: 1880: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1848:Cohen's kappa 1846: 1845: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1812: 1808: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1767: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1733: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1701:Nonparametric 1699: 1697: 1694: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1662: 1660: 1658: 1654: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1616: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1591: 1589: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1539: 1536: 1535: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1526: 1524: 1521: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1508: 1507: 1504: 1503: 1501: 1499: 1495: 1485: 1482: 1478: 1472: 1470: 1464: 1462: 1456: 1455: 1454: 1451: 1450:Nonparametric 1448: 1446: 1440: 1436: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1425: 1421: 1420:Sample median 1418: 1417: 1416: 1413: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1404: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1382: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1358: 1355: 1353: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1341: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1331: 1329: 1327: 1323: 1317: 1315: 1311: 1309: 1307: 1302: 1300: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1278: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1252: 1250: 1246: 1240: 1237: 1233: 1230: 1229: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1199: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1152: 1150: 1148: 1144: 1138: 1135: 1131: 1128: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1115: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1109: 1106: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1083: 1082: 1079: 1078: 1076: 1074: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1061: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1026: 1025:loss function 1023: 1022: 1021: 1018: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 1000: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 966: 963: 962: 961: 958: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 940: 939: 936: 932: 929: 927: 924: 923: 922: 919: 915: 912: 911: 910: 907: 903: 900: 899: 898: 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 879: 877: 875: 871: 867: 863: 858: 854: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 821: 819: 817: 813: 807: 804: 802: 799: 797: 794: 793: 791: 787: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 747: 745: 743: 739: 733: 730: 728: 727:Questionnaire 725: 723: 720: 716: 713: 711: 708: 707: 706: 703: 702: 700: 698: 694: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 673: 670: 668: 665: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 649: 647: 645: 641: 637: 633: 628: 624: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 560: 557: 555: 554:Control chart 552: 550: 547: 545: 542: 540: 537: 536: 534: 532: 528: 522: 519: 515: 512: 510: 507: 506: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 491: 489: 487: 483: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 463: 461: 457: 451: 448: 447: 445: 443: 439: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 413: 412: 409: 407: 404: 403: 401: 399: 395: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 355: 353: 351: 347: 341: 338: 336: 333: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 280: 279: 276: 275: 273: 271: 267: 264: 262: 258: 254: 250: 245: 241: 235: 232: 230: 227: 226: 223: 219: 212: 207: 205: 200: 198: 193: 192: 189: 181: 180:0-521-57471-4 177: 173: 167: 164: 160: 159:0-85264-215-6 156: 152: 146: 143: 140: 139:0-19-850994-4 136: 132: 126: 123: 117: 113: 110: 109: 105: 101: 98: 96: 93: 92: 88: 86: 84: 83:bootstrapping 80: 76: 72: 67: 65: 60: 56: 51: 49: 45: 42: 38: 34: 30: 19: 2538:expanding it 2527: 2512: 2499: 2487: 2468: 2461: 2373:Econometrics 2323: / 2306:Chemometrics 2283:Epidemiology 2276: / 2249:Applications 2091:ARIMA model 2038:Q-statistic 1987:Stationarity 1883:Multivariate 1826: / 1822: / 1820:Multivariate 1818: / 1758: / 1754: / 1528:Bayes factor 1427:Signed rank 1339: 1313: 1305: 1293: 988:Completeness 824:Cohort study 722:Opinion poll 657:Missing data 644:Study design 599:Scatter plot 521:Scatter plot 514:Spearman's ρ 476:Grouped data 171: 166: 150: 145: 130: 125: 68: 52: 43: 32: 26: 2501:WikiProject 2416:Cartography 2378:Jurimetrics 2330:Reliability 2061:Time domain 2040:(Ljung–Box) 1962:Time-series 1840:Categorical 1824:Time-series 1816:Categorical 1751:(Bernoulli) 1586:Correlation 1566:Correlation 1362:Jarque–Bera 1334:Chi-squared 1096:M-estimator 1049:Asymptotics 993:Sufficiency 760:Interaction 672:Replication 652:Effect size 609:Violin plot 589:Radar chart 569:Forest plot 559:Correlogram 509:Kendall's τ 153:, Griffin. 18:Studentized 2577:Categories 2530:statistics 2368:Demography 2086:ARMA model 1891:Regression 1468:(Friedman) 1429:(Wilcoxon) 1367:Normality 1357:Lilliefors 1304:Student's 1180:Resampling 1054:Robustness 1042:divergence 1032:Efficiency 970:(monotone) 965:Likelihood 882:Population 715:Stratified 667:Population 486:Dependence 442:Count data 373:Percentile 350:Dispersion 283:Arithmetic 218:Statistics 118:References 79:resampling 29:statistics 1749:Logistic 1516:posterior 1442:Rank sum 1190:Jackknife 1185:Bootstrap 1003:Bootstrap 938:Parameter 887:Statistic 682:Statistic 594:Run chart 579:Pie chart 574:Histogram 564:Fan chart 539:Bar chart 421:L-moments 308:Geometric 41:pseudonym 2463:Category 2156:Survival 2033:Johansen 1756:Binomial 1711:Isotonic 1298:(normal) 943:location 750:Blocking 705:Sampling 584:Q–Q plot 549:Box plot 531:Graphics 426:Skewness 416:Kurtosis 388:Variance 318:Heronian 313:Harmonic 106:See also 89:Examples 2489:Commons 2436:Kriging 2321:Process 2278:studies 2137:Wavelet 1970:General 1137:Plug-in 931:L space 710:Cluster 411:Moments 229:Outline 174:, CUP. 133:, OUP. 44:Student 2358:Census 1948:Normal 1896:Manova 1716:Robust 1466:2-way 1458:1-way 1296:-test 967:  544:Biplot 335:Median 328:Lehmer 270:Center 178:  157:  137:  2528:This 1982:Trend 1511:prior 1453:anova 1342:-test 1316:-test 1308:-test 1215:Power 1160:Pivot 953:shape 948:scale 398:Shape 378:Range 323:Heinz 298:Cubic 234:Index 2534:stub 2215:Test 1415:Sign 1267:Wald 340:Mode 278:Mean 176:ISBN 155:ISBN 135:ISBN 1395:BIC 1390:AIC 69:In 27:In 2579:: 85:. 31:, 2565:e 2558:t 2551:v 2540:. 1340:G 1314:F 1306:t 1294:Z 1013:V 1008:U 210:e 203:t 196:v 20:)

Index

Studentized
statistics
William Sealy Gosset
pseudonym
standard deviation
location-scale family
probability distribution
probability distribution
computational statistics
confidence intervals
resampling
bootstrapping
Studentized range
Studentized residual
Pivotal quantity
ISBN
0-19-850994-4
ISBN
0-85264-215-6
ISBN
0-521-57471-4
v
t
e
Statistics
Outline
Index
Descriptive statistics
Continuous data
Center

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